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Murus

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Vide etiam paginam discretivam: Murus (discretiva).
Vide etiam paginam discretivam: Maceria (discretiva).
Murus laterum.
Murus mixtus, Cantuariae, Anglia
Murus loci Cairn de Barnenez Franciae.
Murus portae Maximiliani Norimbergae.
Ornatus murus externus, Mexicopoli Mexici (2008).

Murus, sive paries, est structura alta planaque quae aream definit, onus fert, vel refugio vel securitati prodest. Stricto sensu, ut dicit Forcellini, "murus est lapideus ambitus circa urbem, munimenti causa; atque hinc differt a pariete, qui est privatarum aedium".[1]

Structura similis est maceria, "paries sub dio positus, ad saepiendos hortos, villas, silvas, vineta, sepulcra et huiusmodi, ex sicco lapide constructus".[2]

Historia

Aevum praehistoricum

Aedificia epochae praehistoricae saxis sine lithocolla positis vel opere fictili facta fuerunt.

Aevum antiquum

Romani multas species murorum, opera vocatae, cognoscebant:

Medium Aevum

Aevum novum

Murus Berolini a die 13 Augusti 1961 usque ad diem 9 Novembris 1989 urbem in duas partes dividebat (vide murum Berolinensem).

Muri functione digesti

Limites

Moenia urbium

Muri ad usum agriculturae

Structurae viarum

Munitiones

Aedificia contra inundationes

Nexus interni

Notae

  1. ↑ Haec pagina verba incorporat ex Aegidii Forcellini Lexico Totius Latinitatis, 1775. Versio interretialis s.v. "murus".
  2. ↑ Haec pagina verba incorporat ex Aegidii Forcellini Lexico Totius Latinitatis, 1775. Versio interretialis
  3. ↑ UNESCO Mundi hereditas.

Bibliographia

  • Evelyne Péré-Christin, Le mur: un itinéraire architectural. 2001.
  • Claudius Quétel: Histoire des murs. 2012. ISBN 978-2-262-04342-1.
  • William Dietrich: Hadrian's Wall. 2004.
  • E.J. Haslinghuis, H. Janse, H. Bouwkundige termen. Leiden: Primavera Pers 2005. ISBN 90-5997-033-0.
  • Josef Maier: Handbuch Historisches Mauerwerk: Untersuchungsmethoden und Instandsetzungsverfahren (Berolini 2012). ISBN 978-3-642-25467-3.
  • Horst Wolfgang Böhme, Reinhard Friedrich, Barbara Schock-Werner (ed.): Wörterbuch der Burgen, Schlösser und Festungen. Reclam, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-15-010547-1.
  • Martin Brice: Burgen und Wehranlagen. Bechtermünz, Augsburg 1999, ISBN 3-8289-0730-X.
  • Christopher Duffy: Fire & Stone. The Science of Fortress Warfare. 1660-1860. 2. Auflage. Greenhill Books, London 1996. ISBN 1-85367-247-5.
  • Hartwig Neumann: Festungsbau-Kunst und -Technik. Erftstadt 2004. ISBN 3-89996-268-0.
  • Ernst Seidl (ed.): Lexikon der Bautypen. Funktionen und Formen der Architektur. Stuttgart 2006. ISBN 3-15-010572-2.
  • Valentina Gontscharenko: Mauern und Türme. Moskau 2001.
  • Guy le Hallé: Précis de la fortification. 1983.
  • Guy de la Bédoyère: Hadrian's Wall: A History and Guide. Stroud: Tempus, 1998. ISBN 0-7524-1407-0.
  • England's Roman Frontier: Discovering Carlisle and Hadrian's Wall Country. Hadrian's Wall Heritage Ltd and Carlisle Tourism Partnership. 2010.
  • James L. Forde-Johnston: Hadrian's Wall. London: Michael Joseph, 1978. ISBN 0-7181-1652-6.
  • Alistair Moffat: The Wall. Birlinn Limited Press 2008. ISBN 1-84158-675-7.
  • Julia Lovell: The Great Wall: China against the World: 1000 BC – 2000 AD. Londinii 2006. Atlantic Books; Sydney, Australia: Picador. ISBN 978-0-330-42241-3; ISBN 0-330-42241-3.
  • Zewen Luo et David Baker, ed.. The Great Wall. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Book Company 1981. ISBN 0070707456.
  • John Man: The Great Wall. London 2008. ISBN 978-0-593-05574-8.
  • Roland Michaud et al.: The Great Wall of China. Abbeville Press 2001. ISBN 0-7892-0736-2.
  • Carlos Rojas: The Great Wall: A Cultural History. Harvard University Press 2010.

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Muros spectant.


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