Fontem paginae Logica modalis inspicere

[[Fasciculus:Ruth Barcan Marcus.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Ruth Barcan Marcus|Ruth C. Barcan]] (deinde Ruth Barcan Marcus) prima axiomatica logicae modalis quantificatae systemata excogitavit.]]
'''Logica modalis''' est genus [[logica mathematica|logicae formalis]] plerumque [[decennium 197|annis 1960]] constitutae quae logicas [[logica propositionalis|propositionalem]] et [[logica praedicata|praedicatam]] classicas extendit ut operatores [[modalitas linguistica|modalitatem]] exprimentes comprehendant. Quoddam modale ([[vocabulum]] quod modalitatem significat) [[dictum]] temperat. Exempli gratia, dictum "Ioannes felix est" temperari potest dicendo Ioannem usitate felicem esse, cum vocabulum ''usitate'' ut modale fungitur. Inter [[traditio]]nales [[modalitates alethicae|modalitates alethicas]], etiam modalitates [[veritas|veritatis]] appellatas, sunt [[possibilitas logica|possibilitas]] ("Fortasse, ''p''" et "Possibile est quod ''p''"), [[necessitas]] ("Necessarie, ''p''" et "Necesse est quod ''p''"), et impossibilitas ("Impossibliter, ''p''" et "Impossibile est quod ''p''").<ref>Prior 1962: 185/</ref> Inter alias modalitates in logica modali formalizatas sunt modalitates [[logica temporalis|temporales]], etiam modalitates [[tempus|temporis]] appellatae (insigniter "Fuit quod ''p''", "Semper est quod ''p''", "Erit quod ''p''", et "Semper erit quod ''p''")<ref>Rescher et Urquhart 1971: 52.</ref><ref>Prior 1967.</ref>; [[logica deontica|deonticae]] (insigniter, "Obligatorium est quod ''p''" et "Licet ut ''p''"); [[logica epistemica|epistemicae]], etiam modalitates [[scientia (declarativa)|scientiae]] ("Scitur quod ''p''")<ref>Hinntikka 1962.</ref>; et [[logica doxastica|doxasticae]], etiam modalitates [[fides|fidei]] appellatae ("Creditur quod ''p''").<ref>Rescher 1968: 41/</ref>

{{NexInt}}
*[[David Kellogg Lewis]]
*[[De dicto et de re]]
*[[Logica]]
*[[Logica mathematica]]
*[[Logica modalis classica]]
*[[Necessitas conceptualis]]
*[[Necessitas metaphysica]]
*[[Modalitas alethica]]
*[[Mundus qui fieri non potest]]
*[[Realismus modalis]]
*[[Rhetorica]]
*[[Trivialismus]]
*[[Verbum modale]]

==Notae==
<references/>

==Bibliograpbhia==
<!--* Barcan-Marcus, Ruth. [[1946]]. JSL 11 (1946) and JSL 112 (1947) and "Modalities", OUP, 1993, 1995.-->
*Beth, Evert W. [[1955]]. Semantic entailment and formal derivability. ''Mededlingen van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Letterkunde,'' N.R. 18(13): 309–42. Iterum impressus in Jaakko Intikka, ed., ''The Philosophy of Mathematics.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press, 1969.
*Beth, Evert W. [[1962]]. ''Formal Methods: An Introduction to Symbolic Logic and to the Study of Effective Operations in Arithmetic and Logic.'' D. Reidel.
*Blackburn, Patrick, Johan van Benthem, et Frank Wolter, eds. [[2006]]. [http://www.csc.liv.ac.uk/~frank/MLHandbook/ ''Handbook of Modal Logic.''] North Holland.
*Blackburn, Patrick, Maarten de Rijke, et Yde Venema. [[2001]]. ''Modal Logic.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521802008.
*Borghini, Andrea. [[2016]]. ''A Critical Introduction to the Metaphysics of Modality.'' Novi Eboraci: Bloomsbury.
*Chagrov, Aleksandr, et Michael Zakharyaschev. [[1997]]. ''Modal Logic.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198537794.
*Chellas, B. F. [[1980]]. ''Modal Logic: An Introduction.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224764.
*Cresswell, M. J. [[2001]]. Modal Logic. In ''The Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic,'' ed. Lou Goble, 136–58. Basil Blackwell. ISBN 0631206930.
*Fitting, Melvin, et R. L. Mendelsohn. [[1998]]. ''First Order Modal Logic.'' Kluwer. ISBN 0792353358.
*Gabbay, D. M., A. Kurucz, F. Wolter, et M. Zakharyaschev. [[2003]]. ''Many-Dimensional Modal Logics: Theory and Applications.'' Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics, 148. Elsevier. ISBN 0444508260.
*Garson, James. [[2006]]. ''Modal Logic for Philosophers.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521682290.
*Girle, Rod. [[2000]]. ''Modal Logics and Philosophy.'' Acumen. ISBN 0773521399.
*Goldblatt, Robert. [[1992]]. [http://www.mcs.vuw.ac.nz/~rob/ ''Logics of Time and Computation.''] Ed. 2a. CSLI Lecture Notes, 7. Sicago: University of Chicago Press.
*Goldblatt, Robert. [[1993]]. ''Mathematics of Modality.'' CSLI Lecture Notes,43. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.
*Goldblatt, Robert. [[2006]] [http://www.mcs.vuw.ac.nz/~rob/papers/modalhist.pdf Mathematical Modal Logic: a View of its Evolution.] In ''Handbook of the History of Logic, Vol. 6,'' ed. D. M. Gabbay et John Woods. Elsevier.
*Goré, Rajeev. [[1999]]. Tableau Methods for Modal and Temporal Logics. In ''Handbook of Tableau Methods,'' ed. M. D'Agostino, D. Gabbay, R. Haehnle, et J. Posegga, 297–396. Kluwer.
*Hinntikka, Jaakko. [[1962]]. ''Knowledge and Belief.'' Ithacae Novi Eboraci:  Cornell University Press.
*Hughes, G. E., et M. J. Cresswell. [[1996]]/ ''A New Introduction to Modal Logic.'' Routledge. ISBN 0415125995.
*Jónsson, B., et Alfred Tarski. [[1951]]–[[1952]]. Boolean Algebra with Operators I and II. ''American Journal of Mathematics'' 73: 891–939 et 74: 129–62.
*Kracht, Marcus. [[1999]]. ''Tools and Techniques in Modal Logic.'' Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics, 142. North Holland.
*Lemmon, E. J., cum Dana Scott. [[1977]]. ''An Introduction to Modal Logic.'' American Philosophical Quarterly Monograph Series, 11. Krister Segerberg, editor seriei. Basil Blackwell.
*Lewis, C. I., cum Cooper Harold Langford. [[1932]], [[1959]]. ''Symbolic Logic.'' Dover. *Marcus, Ruth Barcan. [[1993]]. ''Modalities: Philosophical Essays.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Marcus, Ruth Barcan. [[1993]]. ''Modalities.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Prior, A. N. [[1957]]. ''Time and Modality.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Prior, A. N. [[1962]]. ''Formal Logic.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Prior, A. N. [[1967]]. ''Past, Present and Future.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Rescher, N. [[1968]]. ''Topics in Philosophical Logic.'' Humanities Press.
*Rescher et Urquhart. [[1971]]. ''Temporal Logic.'' Springer-Verlag.
*Snyder, D. Paul. [[1971]]. ''Modal Logic and its applications.'' Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
*Zeman, J. J. [[1973]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140820134709/http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/jzeman/modallogic/ ''Modal Logic.''] Reidel.

==Nexus externi==
*''[[Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]''
**Benthem, Johnan van. [http://www.iep.utm.edu/modal-lo Modal Logic: A Contemporary View]
**Cresswell, M. J. [http://www.iep.utm.edu/cmlogic Rudolf Carnap's Modal Logic.]
*''[[Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]''
**Garson, James. [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/logic-modal Modal logic.]
**Verbrugge, Rineke. [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/logic-provability/ Provability Logic.]<!--
*[[Edward N. Zalta|Zalta, Edward N.]] [[1995]]. [http://mally.stanford.edu/notes.pdf "Basic Concepts in Modal Logic."]
*McCarthy, John. [[1996]]. "[http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/mcchay69/node22.html Modal Logic.]"
* [http://molle.sourceforge.net/ Molle] a Java prover for experimenting with modal logics
*Suber, Peter. [[2002]]. "[http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/courses/logsys/nonstbib.htm#modal Bibliography of Modal Logic.]"
*[http://www.cc.utah.edu/~nahaj/logic/structures/systems/index.html List of Logic Systems] List of many modal logics with sources, by John Halleck.
*[http://aiml.net/ Advances in Modal Logic.] Biannual international conference and book series in modal logic.
*[http://teachinglogic.imag.fr/TableauxS4 S4prover] A tableaux prover for S4 logic
*"[http://www.labri.fr/perso/moot/talks/TopologyNotes.pdf Some Remarks on Logic and Topology]" – by Richard Moot
*[http://www.irit.fr/Lotrec/ LoTREC] The most generic prover for modal logics  from IRIT/Toulouse University-->

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