An Optical Poem

Optical Poem, An (1937)

*** (out of 4)

This 6-minute animated short is considered by many to have been the inspiration for Disney's FANTASIA. This film contains various animated images being played to Franz Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 and makes for quite a ride. In his day, director Fischinger was pretty much overlooked and after during down a job offer from Disney, he would eventually be fired by both MGM and Paramount. His animation career never took off in the movies but years later his work began to be reevaluated and today's he's considered one of the best. This, considered his best film, is pretty strong in terms of its visual style even though it's rather simple. A blue background with various circles, squares and other images. The film moves along quite well, although the six-minutes do start to get a bit long towards the end.

After years of favoriting this on YouTube, I finally watched this M-G-M/Oskar Fischinger colored paper-animated short there. Done to the music of Franz Liszt's "Second Hungarian Rhapsody" (the same music Bugs Bunny would play in Rhapsody Rabbit), we see lots of circles, rectangles, and other shapes in space moving and appearing/disappearing to that music. Quite fascinating to watch and maybe it may have been the inspiration for Walt Disney's later feature length Fantasia a few years later. This seemed to be Fischinger's only film work for a major studio. It certainly seemed possibly too avant garde for the tastes of the public of the time! How many even know about this one? Anyway, that's a recommendation for An Optical Poem.

It's an MGM animated short with Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 by Franz Liszt playing. It's Technicolor. It's all bright colors and geometric shapes. It's a little experimental. It's interesting. Sometimes, the movement is pretty good, but other times, I want it to switch with the music tempo a lot more. One of the most compelling aspect of this piece of music is its many changes of tempo. The visuals need to match that better. This type of animated experiments have a long Hollywood history. Producer Oskar Fischinger would go on to do a sequence in Walt Disney's Fantasia (1940) which obviously drew inspiration from this.

Abstract images float across the field in time to Liszt's Second Hungarian Rhapsody.

Oskar Fischinger had been producing this sort of abstract animation since 1924 in Germany as an outgrowth of the Dadaist movement. He was not the only film maker to at least dabble in this sort of work. Over in England, Len Lye started doing the same thing with the introduction of sound to films, and later, Norman McLaren would make several of his early shorts doing much the same. In fact, a couple of years after this came out, part of FANTASIA would do the same. It was a natural outgrowth of abstract art and program music, in which the music was meant to evoke emotions or scenes or even stories. They didn't call them etudes for no reason, but because they evoked enquiring thoughts. Only with abstract animation like this, the audience was called upon to go its own way, and perhaps afterwards discuss what it was all about.

Pretty colors, though. It reminds me of the days I was part of the light show crew at the Fillmore East.

Listed as a 1938 film but perhaps first shown in 1937 since the TCM website states that as the year audiences first viewed An Optical Poem, this was a pioneering animation short. I'm surprised I never watched it before the year 2019, TCM should be showing it more often (and other stop-motion independent shorts from the time). While watching this short I began to think of how it was made. It's using stop motion, taking a picture of the scene and then moving the items in the frame a slight bit at a time and taking another picture and so many thousands of times. TCM has a lot of information about this short. It was done with cut out paper patterns held together by fishing line, no computers back then! It could have been done with animation but when you realize it is being done with stop motion it adds credibility to the degree of work involved in producing the film. MGM, a very conservative studio, paid Oskar Fischinger $11,000 to make the film. Anything he had left over was his to keep. The only problem was there was nothing left over, so Oskar, while he may have wanted to make some money, did this one for the love of his art. It was not widely released and was used as a "prestige" item, playing for high end movie audiences, like as the TCM article states, "first-class ocean-liner passengers". Many at the time thought it would be nominated for an Academy Award (it was not). Mr Fischinger would have a falling out with MGM over the money made from the film that included a physical altercation with MGM staff and his arrest, he would only do 5 more independent shorts before losing interest in film-making and devoting his work to painting instead. MGM, which was using an outside studio before for its animated shorts at the time, the Harmon-Ising studio and their Happy Harmonies series, around the time of An Optical Poem, created their own animation department resulting in many future Oscar winners from the Tom and Jerry franchise. This is the story of An Optical Poem, quite an interesting one not only on how it was made and the level of sophistication it presented in 1937 with its high fidelity sound, brilliant technicolor photography and inspired use of stop motion animation, but for the way mainstream audiences and Hollywood basically rejected it as being too far ahead of its time. For film history buffs it marks an achievement in film making and a time capsule on the social attitudes towards modern artists in the 1930s. 10 of 10.