Guerrilla: The Taking of Patty Hearst

There are so many excellent documentaries being made these days. This another example.

What is so striking about this story is how far people were willing to go to complain about racism and poverty. What's more, many people were willing to support them. One Berkley student, Popeye, makes the most telling statement when he says how sad it is that the likes of the SLA are required to make people act to stop poverty in the US.

Even more disturbing is that no-one would dare even think like this now. They would be branded unpatriotic terrorists. What this doco and see how freedom of speech and thought has been eroded and how the popular media is now just a puppet of the government and big business interests.

It is also incredibly ironic. Patty Hearst joined the SLA in their fight against racism and poverty. As soon as she was captured she was let out within months and Clinton gave her a full pardon. Compare that to those people without money and a powerful family - they went to jail for years. When push comes to shove, money and power will keep you out of jail whilst others involved in EXACTLY the same event go down for 8 years! Where are the SLA when you need them ... ;)

If this is the same movie directed by Robert Stone and which I saw at the Seattle Int'l Film Festival today then I would have to say it was quite dull in places and in need of some editing. While it got across the interesting spectacle Patty Hearst made at the time - rich girl turned radical rebel ostensibly for the people - I would have liked to have seen more in-depth profiles of all involved prior to hearing them talk - of Patty, her parents, their relationship, the backgrounds of the other members of the party, etc. Too much of this film's information was just a dry re-telling of the news, and a dry outline of how the event affected the evolution of reporting and FBI investigative reporting. It's a fascinating and timely topic - in that today again we are faced with a conservative government and a growing rebellion against it complete with terrorist activity, only on a global instead of just domestic scale, but this documentary falls sadly short of portraying the events that unfolded in any particularly interesting or involving way. There's got to be a better documentary out there on this subject. Can anyone recommend any?

Sorry to say, this film suffers in comparison with the extraordinary WEATHER UNDERGROUND, which managed to become an unexpected commercial success, largely on the strength of meticulous film-making which not only recounted the history, but also captured context and diverse commentary on the events, times and people central to its' story. It was a film that - in many ways - raised the bar on recent-historical documentary film-making.

Alas, GUERRILLA is a far more pedestrian affair, mostly a compendium of archival footage (much of which is fascinating), with precious little digging into context - the fragmentation of the American left during the early 70s, the rise of underground radicalism (Weathermen, PLO, IRA, Red Brigade, et. al.), the post-60s decline of many major American cities (and the rising despair that ultimately fueled the crack wars of the 80s/90s and the riots that hit Miami and Los Angeles). Each of these elements are of some relevance to what's being presented in this documentary - the SLA were weirder and wiggier than most, mixing their Mao and inner-city blues with a big dose of dadaist strangeness, but they didn't just materialize out of the ether, and - in keeping the focus too tightly on the events and the group, this doc plays the history out as some ultra-violent theatre-of-the-absurd, in real life; a sort-of weird-sploitative pigs-vs-the-people melodrama.

This does a great disservice to history - through this film, Patti Hearst remains an enigma, with a great many class issues, psychological issues (post-traumatic stress, or the Stockholm syndrome) barely touched upon. The other surviving members of the SLA get plenty of screen time (unlike Hearst, who I assume didn't want to be involved), but the many interviews presented don't really seem to dig into anything deeper than who-did-what.

GUERRILLA isn't a total failure by a long shot; anyone with any memory of the 70s knows how weird the story seemed to be, and the recounting of it seen here is definitely captivating; the strangeness, chaos and confusion of the era doesn't feel very distant at all. But I also recall something else: back in the late 80s, the rock band Camper Van Beethoven recorded a snappy, satirical homage to Patty Hearst, entitled "Tania." In three-and-a-half minutes, I think they might have outdone this 90-minute documentary. Oh well.

'Guerrilla' is a documentary about a bizarre episode in recent American history, the story of a strange left wing terrorist organisation that first kidnapped the daughter of a millionaire, and then made a fellow-terrorist of her. Subsequently, she was captured, recanted, spent time in gaol and then returned to her privileged life. It's a very weird story, and the press didn't quite know how to cover it; as the kidnappers where inaccessible, they focused instead on the millionaire, who found himself at the centre of a media circus with surprisingly little sympathy for him. What's good about this documentary is the extensive use of footage from the time, we see how the story came to be cast by the American media, but we also see a portrait of a climate in which there was a surprising amount of sympathy for the self-styled "Symbianese Liberation Army", perhaps because they more romantic than Marxist, though nonetheless murderous. What the film does not convey (despite access to two SLA members) is the real psychology of those in the movement (the interviewees distance themselves from it's wilder antics), or indeed, that of the Hearst family. Patty has given interviews in the past, but not in this program, and a host of questions about her and her behaviour are raised but not answered. The result is that 'Guerrilla' works as a piece of reconstructed history; but as to whether it is history of significance, or merely a freak show, the jury is still out.

The public can sense when they're watching a symbolic tale of the age, especially when there is a young female figure at the centre, representing the soul of a nation, being competed-for by good and evil.

Here the symbolism is as stark as you can get. The heiress to one of the great American dynasties gets kidnapped, brainwashed and reduced to a helpless pawn in the hands of a group claiming to represent 'the will of the people' - supposedly meaning black people, though only one member of the original Symbionese Liberation Army is black. The rest are students from Berkeley, as Patty was, and the whole story is drenched in Californian hippie-talk. You can almost smell the drugs, as these ageing lefties recycle their lazy, dreamy philosophies, and (significantly) try to distance themselves, thirty years on, from the childish antics that surrounded the kidnap.

So, a 'General Field-Marshal' declares all black jailbirds to be political prisoners, though in another breath they have become prisoners-of-war, who need to be exchanged. This is called playing soldiers, though amazingly this rag-tag bunch is able to keep at bay thousands of police and troops for more than a year.

Meanwhile a dubious black preacher in multi-coloured robes has to be appointed as the neutral liaison man, but soon makes clear where his loyalties lie, with a speech that sounds like a send-up of over-emotive ghetto sermonising.

Perhaps most symbolic of all is the demand from the Army council that the Hearst fortune should be spent on 'feeding the poor of California', resulting in a chaotic distribution of groceries to huge, pressing crowds, with at least one person crushed to death. The sheer immaturity of the student-revolutionary mind is writ large in this drama. (One of the retired class-warriors admits he was inspired by the Robin Hood films.) We know, of course, that Patty lived happily ever after, marrying her bodyguard and mothering two children. Yet there is something unreal about her in these few short clips, as though something died inside her during her captivity. And many have noted the irony of her brief jail sentence, reduced to almost nothing, thanks to powerful family connections.

The final irony is that the protest-lobby of 1974/5 did actually have a few grains of justice on their side. After Vietnam (America's first-ever defeat) and Watergate, which made the president look both corrupt and incompetent, young people could not be expected to show the same instinctive regard for authority that their elders had. A more mature form of protest might have gained a willing audience from higher-up. But the Hearst kidnapping demonstrated that students are generally the wrong people to do the bossing, and should go back to their schoolbooks.