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INDEX
- “Account of the Abode of Happiness amid Poverty,” 130–31
- aging and old age, 108, 138–39, 185, 187; Bai Juyi, 81; Su Shi, 14; Su Zhe, 104; Wang Chong, 47; Zeng Guofan, 230. See also filial piety; illness
- Ai Nanying, 146–52
- An Lushan Rebellion, 95
- The Analects (Lunyu), 40, 62, 66, 73, 187
- ancestors, 122, 136–37, 144; Wang Chong, 39, 45–46, 79; Wang Huizu, 183; worship of, 20–21, 73, 84; Zheng Xuan, 50. See also filial piety
- Ancient Style writing (guwen), 78, 94, 97, 98, 231. See also Han Yu; Liu Kai
- Anhui bandits. See Nian rebels
- art. See calligraphy; music; poetry
- autobiographical writing, 1–15; book-length, 181–83; for heirs, 12–13; in the third person, xi, 7, 79, 95; year-by-year autobiography, 181–207. See also biji (miscellanies, miscellaneous writing); diary; funerary biographies; ji (record); letters; poetry; postscripts; prefaces; rhapsody
- Bai Juyi, 7, 78–82, 95
- Ban Biao, 3, 39
- Ban Gu, 3, 98, 145
- Ban Jieyu (Consort Ban), 3, 4
- Ban Zhao, 3–4, 116
- bandits and rebellions, 97, 133, 168, 173–74, 176–77, 197, 229; An Lushan Rebellion, 95; late Han and Three Kingdoms Period, 59–64. See also dynastic collapse; Nian rebels; Taiping rebels; violence; war and military campaigns; Yellow Turbans
- Beijing, 12, 112, 122, 130, 183
- Bi Zhongyou, 108
- biji (miscellanies, miscellaneous writing), 101–6
- biographical writing (zhuan), 6–8
- “Biography of Master Drunken Poet,” 7, 79. See also Bai Juyi
- “Biography of Master Five Willows,” 7
- “Biography of the Country Fellow of the Eastern Suburb,” 7, 95
- Book of Change (Yijing), 31
- The Book of Documents (Shangshu), 40, 62
- Book of Submitted Doubtful Cases (Zouyan shu), 24
- borders and frontiers, 29–32, 34–35, 53–58, 91
- brother-brother relationship, 88–89, 123–24
- brother-sister relationship, 68–70, 117–18, 138, 209, 211–12
- Buddhism, 79–80, 94, 98, 112, 142, 151, 156, 225; Emperor Wu of the Liang, 72–76; temples, 79, 80, 97, 103
- Cai Wenji. See Cai Yan
- Cai Yan, 3, 5, 53–58, 116
- Cai Yong, 53, 145
- calligraphy, 13, 91, 105, 141, 177, 179, 230, 232–36
- Cao Cao, 53, 54, 59–63
- Cao Pi, 59–60, 62, 63–66
- Changzhou, 192–96
- Chen Qide, 166–70
- Chinggis Khan, 130
- Chu (state), 3, 34, 54
- The Classic of Filial Piety (Xiaojing), 137, 150
- The Classic of Poetry (Shijing), 3, 66, 107, 233
- Classic of Tea (Chajing), 79, 84
- clerks, 10, 25–26, 28, 31, 42, 149–50, 177, 182, 205
- Complete Song Poems (Quan Song shi), 107
- Complete Tang Poems (Quan Tang shi), 107
- concubines, 4, 12, 78, 117–18, 144, 156, 182, 183, 194, 220. See also marriage; mothers; mother-son relationship
- Confucian classics, 4, 40, 43, 49, 50, 51, 98, 133, 142, 147, 233; Five Classics, 13, 66; Six Classics, 82, 97, 99, 151. See also The Analects (Lunyu); The Book of Documents (Shangshu); The Classic of Filial Piety (Xiaojing); The Classic of Poetry (Shijing); Confucianism
- Confucian revival, 94–95, 97–99. See also Han Yu; Liu Kai
- Confucianism, 9–10, 79, 130, 143, 154, 214, 228; commitment to, 78, 228; family ethics, 49, 208–9; rites, 75; Zheng Xuan and, 49–50. See also ancestors; examinations; filial piety; Han Yu; Liu Kai; Neo-Confucianism; studying
- Confucius, 4, 41, 42–46, 83, 98, 129, 131, 145, 148, 162
- crime and punishment, 10–11, 23–28, 62, 97, 127, 139, 197; confessions, 176–79; testimony, 2, 10–12, 23–28
- Dadu (Beijing), 122
- daily life, 5, 9, 228. See also literati; rural life
- Daoism, 13, 39, 72, 79–80, 103, 108, 130–32, 151, 156, 179
- death, 5, 50, 59, 62, 79, 224, 228, 236; of Emperor Wu of Liang, 73, 74, 75; as penalty, 23; rituals, 86–93; Sima Qian and Sima Tan, 6, 8–9; Tao Qian, 7; Wang Chong, 42, 44, 47; Wen Tianxiang, 124–27; Zuo Fen, 68. See also mourning and commemoration; suicide
- diary, 8–10, 228; Diary of a Boat Trip to Wu, 9; of Lou Yue, 111–14
- “Diary of a Journey to the North,” 112
- disasters. See bandits and rebellions; droughts; natural disasters; violence; war and military campaigns
- Dong Zhuo, 53, 54, 60, 63
- droughts, 168–74, 237
- Duke of Zhou, 62
- dynastic collapse, 121–27, 129–33. See also bandits and rebellions; violence; war and military campaigns
- Eastern Jin, 7. See also Jin (dynasty, 3rd–4th centuries)
- economy. See merchants; poverty; prices
- “Edict on Luntai,” 29–32
- education, 6, 12–14, 107, 135, 136, 146–48, 177, 214. See also examinations; literati; studying
- elegies, 86–93. See also mourning and commemoration
- emotions. See joy and happiness; shame
- Emperor Wu (of the Han), 6, 29–32
- Emperor Wu (of the Jin), 68
- Emperor Wu (of the Liang), 72–76
- environmental distress, 166–74. See also bandits and rebellions; droughts; famine; natural disasters
- eunuchs, 50, 78, 141
- examinations, xi, 9, 78, 142, 143, 214, 219, 227, 233; Ai Nanying, 146–52; preparation and procedures, 146–52, 185–93; Wang Huizu and, 181, 186–90, 193, 196–97, 199–203. See also jinshi; literati; studying
- exile, 9, 23, 62, 75, 102–5, 108, 198
- family affairs, 51, 123–24, 227–40
- family ethics. See family instructions (jiaxun); family relationships; female chastity; filial piety; mourning and commemoration
- family instructions (jiaxun), 4, 12–13, 49–51, 154–65
- family relationships, 117, 136, 208, 228. See also brother-brother relationship; brother-sister relationship; family affairs; family ethics; father(-in-law)–daughter(-in-law) relationship; father-in-law–son-in-law relationship; father-son relationship; filial piety; grandmother-granddaughter relationship; grandmother-grandson relationship; husband-wife relationship; marriage; mother(-in-law)–daughter(-in-law) relationship; mothers; mother-son relationship; uncle-nephew relationship; widows
- famine, 12, 39, 166, 169–70, 172–74. See also droughts
- Fan Chengda: Diary of a Boat Trip, 9
- Fan Zhongyan, 87, 90–92
- Fang Bao, 12
- father(-in-law)–daughter(-in-law) relationship, 53
- father-in-law–son-in-law relationship, 144, 182, 189–93
- father-son relationship, 12, 24–25, 39, 102, 103, 106, 116, 123, 152, 168, 187, 225, 228; Cao Cao and Cao Pi, 59; Zeng Guofan and son, 227–40; Zheng Xuan and son, 49–51
- female chastity, 117, 119, 153–54, 161, 198, 203–4. See also husband-wife relationship; marriage; women
- filial piety, 20, 24–26, 144, 153, 155, 157, 160–61, 187, 204–5, 211, 239–40; unfiliality, 24–25, 199, 211–12. See also ancestors; The Classic of Filial Piety (Xiaojing); family relationships
- “Forms for Sealing and Investigating” (Fengzhen shi), 24
- friendship, 4, 8, 9, 14, 34, 67, 97, 102, 105, 108, 123, 129, 209, 212; Bai Juyi, 78–80; Han Qi and Fan Zhongyan, 86–87, 89–92; Han Qi and Zhao Ziyuan, 92–93; Wang Chong, 39, 41, 42, 51; Wang Huizu, 183, 199, 202, 206, 207; Xie Yingfang, 132; Xu Wei, 142, 143; Zeng Guofan, 228, 229
- funerary biographies, 2, 8, 14, 68, 86; self-authored, 8, 141–45
- Han (dynasty), 20, 72, 76, 111, 113, 150; autobiographical writing, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10; Cai Yan, 53–58; Cao Cao, 59–63; Cao Pi, 63–66; Emperor Wu of the Han, 29–32; legal system, 23, 24; letter, 33–35; Wang Chong, 38–39; Zheng Xuan, 49–51
- Han Qi, 14, 86–87, 90–93
- Han River, 74
- Han Ximeng, 116–18
- Han Yu, 14, 78, 105, 150; Liu Kai on, 94–99; mourning nephew, 86–90
- Hangzhou, 112, 167, 178, 198, 200, 204, 205, 207
- “Heifu and Jing’s Letter to Zhong and Mother,” 33–34
- Historical Records (Shiji), 6, 66
- History of the Han (Hanshu), 3, 66
- History of the Later Han (Hou Han shu), 38
- Hu Zongxian, 141, 142
- Hua Tuo, 76, 135
- Huai River, 125, 214
- Huang Tingjian, 102, 105
- husband-wife relationship, 4–5, 118–10, 156, 208–10
- ji (record), 129–30
- Jin (dynasty, 3rd–4th centuries), 67–68
- Jin (dynasty, 12th–13th centuries), 11, 111–14, 121–24, 130
- Jin (state), 63
- jinshi, xi, 147; Bai Juyi, 79; Liu Kai, 95; Liu Tang, 214; in Tan Yunxian’s family, 136; Wang Huizu, 182, 203, 207; Wang Zheng, 209, 212; Wen Tianxiang, 122; Yuan Haowen, 121, 124; Zeng Guofan, 227. See also examinations; Wang Huizu
- joy and happiness, 5, 55, 80, 82, 129–34, 158, 160, 163, 222, 226
- journal writing. See diary
- Lessons for Women (Nüjie), 3
- letters, 2, 12–13, 14, 30, 69, 87, 105, 194, 199, 203, 222; Han Qi, 91, 92, 93, Qin and Han, 8–9, 33–35, 49–51; Tang, 33–34, 36, 89; by Zeng Guofan, 13, 15, 227–40
- Li Qingzhao, 6, 76, 116
- Liao (dynasty), 111, 130
- literacy, 2, 15, 101,
- literati, 2, 8, 79, 121, 130, 141, 147, 154, 182, 208, 231; culture, 79–84, 93, 129–34; daily life, 93, 107–9; examination preparation, 146–52. See also examinations; jinshi; joy and happiness; letters; politics and factionalism; studying; tea; travel; wine drinking
- Liu Kai, 7, 94–99
- Liu Tang, 213–26
- Liu Zongyuan, 78, 94, 95, 98, 105, 231
- Lu Guimeng, 78, 79, 82–84
- Lu You, 109, 232; A Journey into Shu (Ru Shu ji), 9
- Lu Yu, 79, 84
- Luo Fenpeng, 176–79
- Luoyang, 36, 39, 65, 79, 80, 93
- Madame Zhong, 153–65
- magistrates, 26, 147, 152, 178, 179, 181, 182, 191–93, 196, 197, 200, 204–6
- Manchu, 11, 166, 172, 213, 214, 228. See also Qing (dynasty)
- Mao Xiang: Reminiscences of the Plum Shadows Convent (Yingmei An yiyu), 15
- marriage, 26–28, 118–19, 137, 153–56, 164, 183, 189, 194, 233, 236; arranged, 53–54, 144, 209–10, 220; married-in husband, 142, 208–10. See also husband-wife relationship
- medicine, 47, 92, 113, 135–40, 155, 161. See also illness
- memoirs, 1–2, 15, 209. See also autobiographical writing
- Mencius, 41, 83, 98, 99, 148, 214, 230
- merchants, 45, 72, 83, 172, 178–79, 186, 192
- Ming (dynasty), 5, 8, 9, 130, 177, 209; examinations, 146–47; female chasity, 182; natural disaster, 166–67; women, 136–37, 153–54; Xu Wei, 141–42. See also Ai Nanying; Madame Zhong; natural disasters; Tan Yunxian
- Miscellaneous Record of a Female Doctor, 136–38, 139
- miscellaneous writing. See biji (miscellanies, miscellaneous writing)
- Mongols, 12, 118, 119, 121–27, 130
- monks, 10, 11, 73, 79, 82, 84. See also Buddhism
- mother(-in-law)–daughter(-in-law) relationship, 36, 155, 211
- mothers, 39, 88, 116, 127, 153, 158, 209, 211, 214, 216, 218. See also mother(-in-law)–daughter(-in-law) relationship; mother-son relationship; women
- mother-son relationship, 20–21, 33–35, 39, 56, 144, 158–60, 229, 233; Ban Zhao and son, 3–4; Can Yan and sons, 53–58; Wang Huizu and two mothers, 182–85, 187–207; Zeng Guofan and mother, 226, 227, 229
- mourning and commemoration, 20–21, 86–87; Han Qi, 90–93; Han Yu, 88–90. See also death
- Mozi, 45, 46
- music, 43, 80, 117, 131, 151, 153–54, 158, 164
- natural disasters, 12, 81, 96, 156, 166–74. See also drought
- Neo-Confucianism, 94, 151, 209; Liu Kai and, 94–99; Wang Yangming, 141, 142
- New Year, 112, 172, 186, 194, 197, 218, 222, 223
- Nian rebels, 213–26, 238
- nianpu (year-by-year autobiography), 8
- Northern Song, 87, 94–95. See also Song (dynasty); Southern Song
- palace women, 4–5, 67–70, 153–64. See also Ban Jieyu (Consort Ban); Madame Zhong; Zuo Fen
- parent-child relationship, 70. See also father(-in-law)–daughter(-in-law) relationship; father-in-law–son-in-law relationship; father-son relationship; filial piety; grandmother-granddaughter relationship; grandmother-grandson relationship; mother(-in-law)–daughter(-in-law) relationship; mothers; mother-son relationship
- philosophy. See Confucianism; Mozi; Neo-Confucianism; Wang Chong
- poetry, 2, 3–5, 14, 34, 60, 66, 78, 123, 129, 142, 143, 238; Bai Juyi, 80–83; chanting about oneself, 107–9; Zeng Guofan on, 231–32; of Zuo Fen, 68–70
- politics and factionalism, 49–50, 53, 59, 61–64, 141–42
- Portrait of My Sister Pounding Clothes to Clean Them While Supervising My Study, 211
- postscripts, 6, 135, 122; to Miscellaneous Record of a Female Doctor, 138–40; to Record of Heading South, 124–27
- poverty, 5, 42, 108–9, 118, 162, 190, 212, 230; “Account of the Abode of Happiness amid Poverty,” 130–31; Liu Kai on, 97; Liu Tang on, 215–18, 230; Wang Chong on, 39–45; Xie Yingfang on, 131, 133; Zheng Xuan on, 50. See also droughts; famine; natural disasters
- prefaces, 2, 6, 72, 101–2, 135, 146, 154, 236; to Brief Record at Longchuan, 103–4; to A Collection of Examination Essays, 147–52; to Family Journal at Yizhou, 105; to Miscellaneous Record of a Female Doctor, 136–38; to On the Standards for Literature, 60, 63–66; to Poems Dedicated to My Husband, 209–10; to Portrait of My Sister Pounding Clothes to Clean Them While Supervising My Study, 211–12; to Record of a Prisoner, 122–24; to Records of Official Travel, 106; to Rhapsody of Good Karma (Jingyefu), 73–76; to Separate Record at Longchuan, 104; to Zhushi, 102–3
- prices, 167–69, 171–72, 174, 221
- printing, 2, 12, 136, 138, 154
- private secretaries, 181–207
- Pu Songling, 166–67, 170–74
- Qianlong reign, 176–77, 184–205
- qin (musical instrument), 154, 164. See also music
- Qing (dynasty), 166, 209, 213, 228; autobiographical writing, 8, 9, 10, 15; private secretary, 181–82; Qianlong reign, 176–77. See also Liu Tang; Pu Songling; Wang Huizu; Wang Zheng; Xu Yezhao; Zeng Guofan
- Qu Yuan, 3, 70, 84
- rebellions. See bandits and rebellions
- Record of a Prisoner, 123–24
- religion. See Buddhism; Daoism
- Reminiscences of the Plum Shadows Convent (Yingmei An yiyu), 15
- “Rescript for Accepting Blame,” 29–32
- rhapsody, 66, 68
- “Rhapsody of Thoughts on Separation,” 68–70
- “Rhapsody on a Journey to the East” (Dongzheng fu), 3–4
- “Rhapsody on Good Karma,” 73–76
- “Rhapsody on the Hall of Numinous Brilliance,” 13
- rural life, 166–74, 213–27. See also natural disasters
- sages, 43, 46, 92, 154, 233
- “Second Daughter’s Letter Home,” 33–34, 36
- “Self-Mourning Rhapsody” (Zishang fu), 4
- shame, 8–9, 40, 97, 127, 131, 143, 174, 206, 232, 234
- Shang (dynasty), 20, 46, 74, 75, 81, 145
- Shang Yang, 43
- Shaoxing, 105, 182, 183, 193, 204
- Shen Fu: Six Records of a Life Adrift (Fusheng liuji), 15
- Shun, 42, 43, 46, 83, 91, 92, 131
- Sima Guang, 9
- Sima Qian, 6–9, 97, 98; letter to Ren An, 8; and Li Ling, 8
- Sima Tan, 6
- Sima Xiangru, 4
- sister-brother relationship, 68–70, 117–18, 138, 209, 211–12
- Six Records of a Life Adrift (Fusheng liuji), 15
- Song (dynasty), 123, 125; autobiographical writing, 5, 7, 8–9, 11–12, 101–2; poetry, 107–9; travel diary, 111–14; women, 116–20
- Song (mountain), 80
- Song (state), 44
- Southern Song, 111, 112, 117, 121, 122. See also Northern Song; Song (dynasty)
- Spring and Autumn Annals (Chunqiu), 63, 82, 150
- Spring and Autumn period, 31, 40, 43, 45, 49, 50, 68, 76, 114
- studying, 46, 66, 82, 99, 151, 182, 185, 211; Cao Cao, 60, 62; Cao Pi, 65; Liu Kai, 98–99; Lu Guimeng, 82–85; Wang Chong, 39–47; Wang Huizu, 185–90, 193, 199; Xu Wei, 142–43; Zeng Guofan, 230–34, 240; Zheng Xuan, 49–51. See also examinations; jinshi; literati
- Su Qin, 43
- Su Shi, 9, 105, 150
- Su Zhe, 14, 101–4
- suicide, 113, 116–19, 141–45
- Sun Simiao, 135
- Suzhou, 112, 113, 126, 178, 194
- Taiping rebels, 213–14, 227; Zeng Guofan and, 230–38
- Tan Yunxian, 135–40
- Tang (dynasty), 68, 79, 94, 111, 159, 228; autobiographical writing, 1, 8, 9, 10; mourning and commemoration, 86–90; Tan poetry, 107
- Tao Qian (Yuanming), 7, 80
- tea, 78–79, 81, 84, 148, 149, 216, 235
- Three Kingdoms Period, 59. See also Cao Cao; Cao Pi
- travel, 5, 6, 25–27, 34, 50, 56, 80, 88, 92, 176–79, 211, 212, 228; ambassadorial mission, 111–14, 124–25; and biji writing, 101–6; by boat, 84, 105, 113, 125, 126, 133, 168, 178, 186, 187, 194, 197, 203, 229; by carriage, 112–14; diary, 111–14; by horse, 113–14; imperial tour, 177–78; by sedan chair, 80, 92, 229; wartime, 124–27. See also Wang Huizu
- uncle-nephew relationship, 87–90
- violence, 121, 166, 197, 213; testimony, 11–12. See also bandits and rebellions; dynastic collapse; war and military campaigns
- Wang Chong, 38–39; career and scholarship, 40, 43–45, 47; character, 41–43; family, 39–40, 45–46; old age, 47
- Wang Dechen, 101, 102–3
- Wang Huizu, 8, 181–207, 208; crime investigation, 197–98; education and examination, 185–89, 193, 195, 199–203; father-in-law, 190–93; filial piety, 205; grandfather, 185–86; illness, 195–96; marriage, 189, 194, 201; parents, 183–84, 187, 189–90, 198–99, 204; Precepts for Local Administrative Officials (Zuozhi yaoyan), 207; salary, 206
- Wang Xiuchu: “Ten Days in Yangzhou” (Yangzhou shiri), 11
- Wang Yangming, 141, 142
- Wang Zheng, 208–9, 211–12
- war and military campaigns, 21, 29–32, 34–35, 53–58, 74, 91, 119. See also bandits and rebellions; dynastic collapse; violence
- Warring States period, 49, 50, 62, 81, 114
- Wei (dynasty), 59, 236
- Wei Ye, 108
- Wei Zhongxian, 141, 168
- Wen Tianxiang, 8, 12, 121–27
- Western Jin, 5, 67. See also Jin (dynasty, 3rd–4th centuries)
- Western Zhou (dynasty), 15, 20, 145. See also Zhou (dynasty)
- “White Hair Lament” (Baitou yin), 4–5
- widows, 4, 68, 117, 209, 224; Madame Zhong, 153, 157, 159, 160, 162; Wang Huizu’s mothers, 182, 196, 198, 199. See also women
- wine drinking, 46, 65, 105, 132, 200, 221; crime, 11; as offering, 86, 90, 92; in poetry, 107–9; in the Tang, 78–80, 82, 84; Tao Qian, 7
- women, 73, 114, 172, 173, 230, 239; abduction of, 53–58; as ancestors, 20–21; doctor, 135–40; duties of, 230, 240; education of, 3, 135–36; in legal case, 24, 26–28; as letter writers, 33, 36, 153–65; men disguising as, 117; pregnancy and childbirth, 25–26, 156, 158; and suicide, 116–20; as travelers, 117–18; as victims of war, 53–58, 116–20; writers, 2–5, 7, 14–15, 53–58, 67–70, 116–20, 135–38, 153–65, 208–10. See also concubines; family relationships; female chastity; marriage; widows
- Wu Yubi, 10
- Wuxi, 133, 136, 168, 193
- Yan Song, 141, 142
- Yan Zhitui, 12–13, 240
- Yang Xiong, 45, 46, 98, 99
- Yangzhou, 11, 47, 61, 125, 126, 127, 178, 192
- Yangzi River, 83, 84, 88, 105, 125, 178, 179, 225, 236
- Yanjing, 130
- Yao, 42, 43, 47, 83, 91, 131
- Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine (Huangdi neijing), 135, 143
- Yellow River, 61, 112, 113, 114, 123, 178, 214
- Yellow Turbans, 50, 61, 64
- Yelü Chucai, 129–34
- Yuan (dynasty), 130. See also Mongols
- Yuan Haowen, 121–24
- Yuan Shao, 61, 114
- Zeng Gong, 150
- Zeng Guofan, 9, 13, 15, 227–40
- Zeng Jize, 227–40
- Zhang Shinan, 101, 106
- Zhang Zhongjing, 135
- Zheng Xuan, 9, 12, 49–51
- “Zheng’s Letter to Youqing and Junming,” 33, 35–36
- Zhou (dynasty), 2, 15, 20, 21, 43, 46, 50, 62, 74, 75, 91. See also Western Zhou (dynasty)
- Zhou (king), 75, 145
- Zhu Xi, 94, 151
- Zhu Yuanzhang, 130,133
- Zhuangzi, 129, 130, 143
- Zhuo Wenjun, 4–5
- zither (qin), 58, 80, 81, 153, 154, 164. See also music
- Zuo Fen, 5, 67–70, 116
- Zuo Si, 68, 231
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