Currently, we count "anonymous editors" by counting the number of distinct IP addresses in a given period. We will need to update and document definitions around "anonymous editors" editors in line with technical changes made for IP Masking.
With the roll-out of IP Masking MVP (T324492), the way we identify and count anonymous or unregistered editors will change. We define "unregistered users" as users who are not logged in (see the most recent edit to the Meta "Unregistered user" page as of 15 March, 2023). As part of the IP Masking MVP, the following is planned for identifying temporary editors (from Office Wiki (internal)):
User::isRegistered() will return true for all registered accounts, including temporary accounts.
User::isAnon() will return false for such temporary accounts.
User::isTemp() will return true exclusively for temporary accounts.
User::isNamed() will return true exclusively for registered accounts that are not temporary accounts.
Given this change, we will also need to clarify or redefine what it means to be a "registered" account.