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Anne Morrow Lindbergh

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Anne Morrow Lindbergh
Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1918
Born
Anne Spencer Morrow

(1906-06-22)June 22, 1906
Englewood, New Jersey
DiedFebruary 7, 2001(2001-02-07) (aged 94)
Passumpsic, Vermont
NationalityAmerican
Alma materSmith College
Occupation(s)Author, aviator
SpouseCharles Lindbergh
ChildrenCharles Augustus, Jr. (d. 1932)
Jon Lindbergh
Land Lindbergh
Anne Lindbergh (d. 1993)
Scott Lindbergh
Reeve Lindbergh[1]
Parent(s)Dwight Whitney Morrow
Elizabeth Cutter Morrow

Anne Morrow Lindbergh (née Anne Spencer Morrow; June 22, 1906 – February 7, 2001) was an American writer and aviator. She was married to Charles Lindbergh.[2] She wrote poetry and non-fiction. She wrote about many different things.[3] Lindbergh's Gift from the Sea was an important feminist book.[4]

Early life

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Anne Spencer Morrow was born on June 22, 1906 in Englewood, New Jersey.[5] She was the second of four children. Her father was Dwight W. Morrow, a partner in J.P. Morgan & Co.. He became United States Ambassador to Mexico and United States Senator from New Jersey. Her mother, Elizabeth Reeve Cutter Morrow, was a poet, teacher, and acting president of Smith College.[2]

Lindbergh attended Smith College. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1928.[2][6] She received the Elizabeth Montagu Prize for her essay on women of the 18th century and Madame d'Houdetot. She received the Mary Augusta Jordan Literary Prize for her piece of fiction called "Lida Was Beautiful".[7]

Marriage and family

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Anne and Charles Lindbergh met on December 21, 1927, in Mexico City.[8] Her father was Lindbergh's financial adviser at J. P. Morgan and Co.. He invited Lindbergh to Mexico in order to help create good relations between that country and the United States.[9] Anne later wrote in her diary:

“ He is taller than anyone else—you see his head in a moving crowd and you notice his glance, where it turns, as though it were keener, clearer, and brighter than anyone else's, lit with a more intense fire. ... What could I say to this boy? Anything I might say would be trivial and superficial, like pink frosting flowers. I felt the whole world before this to be frivolous, superficial, ephemeral.[8] ”

Anne Morrow and Charles Lindbergh married on May 27, 1929. The ceremony was a private one at her parents' home in Englewood, New Jersey.[10]

That year, Anne flew a plane by herself for the first time. In 1930, she became the first American woman to earn a first-class glider pilot license. In the 1930s, Anne and Charles explored and charted air routes between continents.[11] The Lindberghs were the first to fly from Africa to South America. They explored polar air routes from North America to Asia and Europe.[12]

The Lindbergh's first child, Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., was born on June 22, 1930. On March 1, 1932, he was kidnapped from their home in East Amwell, New Jersey. The following May 12, a baby's body was found 4 miles (6.4 km) from the Lindberghs' home.[13] Bruno Richard Hauptmann was tried, convicted, and executed for the murder of the Lindberghs' son.

Because of the kidnapping of their son and other things, a lot of attention was paid to the Lindberghs. That made them decide to move. First they went to England. Later they went France.[14]

While in Europe, the Lindberghs started to believe that the United States should not be involved with other countries. Many people disliked them because of that. Lindbergh thought the United States should not be involved in war in Europe. In 1940, Anne wrote a booklet called The Wave of the Future in support of her husband. The booklet became one of the most hated writings of the time.[15][16] Anne also wrote about Hitler, saying that he was "a very great man, like an inspired religious leader—and as such rather fanatical—but not scheming, not selfish, not greedy for power."[16]

In 1938, the Lindberghs moved back to the United States. They later had five more children: sons Jon, Land and Scott, and daughters Anne and Reeve.

Later life

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After the war, Anne and Charles wrote books that made people think better of them again. Anne's 1955 book Gift from the Sea earned Anne's place as "one of the leading advocates of the nascent environmental movement". It became a national best seller.[17]

During their 45-year marriage, Charles and Anne lived in New Jersey, New York, England, France, Maine, Michigan, Connecticut, Switzerland, and Hawaii. In the early 1950s, Anne had a three-year affair with her doctor.[18] Charles died on Maui in 1974.

In the early 1990s, Anne had a series of strokes which left her confused and disabled. After that, she continued to live in her home in Connecticut with round-the-clock caregivers. In 1999, she came down with pneumonia, after which she went to live in a small home built on her daughter Reeve's Vermont farm. In 2001, at the age of 94, Anne died there from another stroke. Reeve Lindbergh's book, No More Words, tells the story of her mother's last years.[19]

Honors and awards

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Anne Morrow Lindbergh's Hubbard Medal

In 1933, Lindbergh received the U.S. Flag Association Cross of Honor for surveying transatlantic air routes. The following year, she received the Hubbard Medal from the National Geographic Society for 40,000 miles (64,000 km) of exploratory flying with her husband. In 1993, Women in Aerospace gave her an Aerospace Explorer Award for her achievements and contributions in aerospace.[1][10] She was added to the National Aviation Hall of Fame (1979), the National Women's Hall of Fame (1996), the Aviation Hall of Fame of New Jersey, and the International Women in Aviation Pioneer Hall of Fame (1999).[1]

Lindbergh's first book, North to the Orient (1935) won a National Book Award for the Most Distinguished General Nonfiction of 1935.[20][21] Her second book, Listen! The Wind (1938), won the same award.[22] She received the Christopher Award for War Within and Without, the last book of her published diaries.[23]

Lindbergh received honorary degrees from her alma mater Smith College. She also received honorary degrees from Amherst College, the University of Rochester, Middlebury College, and Gustavus Adolphus College.

Books by Anne Morrow Lindbergh

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  • North to the Orient. Orlando, Florida: Mariner Books, 1996, First edition 1935. ISBN 978-0-15-667140-8.
  • Listen! The Wind. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1990, First edition 1938.
  • The Wave of the Future: A Confession of Faith. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1940.
  • The Steep Ascent. New York: Dell, 1956, First edition, 1944.
  • Gift from the Sea New York: Pantheon, 1991, First edition 1955. ISBN 978-0-679-73241-9.
  • The Unicorn and other Poems 1935–1955. New York: Pantheon, 1993, First edition 1956. ISBN 978-0-679-42540-3.
  • Dearly Beloved Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2003, First edition 1962. ISBN 978-1-55652-490-5.
  • Earth Shine. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1969.
  • Bring Me a Unicorn: Diaries and Letters of Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1922–1928. Orlando, Florida: Mariner Books, 1973, First edition 1971. ISBN 978-0-15-614164-2.
  • Hour of Gold, Hour of Lead: Diaries And Letters Of Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1929–1932. Orlando, Florida: Mariner Books, 1993, First edition 1973. ISBN 978-0-15-642183-6.
  • Locked Rooms and Open Doors: Diaries And Letters Of Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1933–1935. Orlando, Florida: Mariner Books, 1993, First edition 1974. ISBN 978-0-15-652956-3.
  • The Flower and the Nettle: Diaries And Letters Of Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1936–1939. Orlando, Florida: Mariner Books, 1994, First edition 1976. ISBN 978-0-15-631942-3.
  • War Without and Within: Diaries And Letters Of Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1939–1944. Orlando, Florida: Mariner Books, 1995, First edition 1980. ISBN 978-0-15-694703-9.

References

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Citations

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Anne Morrow Lindbergh Biography." Archived 2011-11-13 at the Wayback Machine Lindbergh Foundation. Retrieved: November 17, 2011.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Anne Morrow Lindbergh." Biography.com. Retrieved: November 17, 2011.
  3. ↑ Plunket, Robert. "The lives they lived: Anne Morrow Lindbergh, b. 1906; The Heroine." The New York Times, December 30, 2001. Retrieved: November 19, 2012.
  4. ↑ Hertog 2000, p. 433.
  5. ↑ Hertog 2000, p. 50.
  6. ↑ Pace, Eric. "Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 94, Dies; Champion of Flight and Women's Concerns." The New York Times, February 8, 2001. Retrieved: November 17, 2011.
  7. ↑ Hertog 2000, p. 74.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lindbergh 1971, p. 118.
  9. ↑ Jennings and Brewster 1998, p. 420.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Anne Morrow Lindbergh Biography Timeline." Charles Lindbergh. Retrieved: November 17, 2011.
  11. ↑ Lindbergh 1935, pp. 57–59.
  12. ↑ Hertog 2000, p. 141.
  13. ↑ Lyman, Lauren D. "Press Calls For Action: Hopes the Public Will Be Roused to Wipe Out a 'National Disgrace'." The New York Times, December 24, 1935, p. 1.
  14. ↑ Winters 2006, p. 193.
  15. ↑ Batten, Geoffrey. "Obituary: Anne Morrow Lindbergh." The Independent, February 15, 2001.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Pace, Eric. "Anne Morrow Lindbergh, Author and Aviator, Dies at 94", The New York Times, February 8, 2001.
  17. ↑ "Anne Morrow Lindbergh." Archived 2017-02-24 at the Wayback Machine PBS. Retrieved: November 17, 2011.
  18. ↑ Connelly, Sherryl. "HERO WORSHIP: Anne Morrow Lindbergh emerges from Lindy's shadow in new biography." New York Daily News, December 12, 1999. Retrieved: November 21, 2011.
  19. ↑ Lindbergh, Reeve 2002, p. 175.
  20. ↑ "Books and Authors". The New York Times, April 12, 1936, page BR12 via ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851–2007).
  21. ↑ "Lewis is Scornful of Radio Culture: ...", The New York Times, May 12, 1936, p. 25 via ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851–2007).
  22. ↑ "Book About Plants Receives Award: Dr. Fairchild's 'Garden' Work Cited by Booksellers". The New York Times, February 15, 1939, p. 20 via ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851–2007).
  23. ↑ "Anne Morrow Lindbergh." Archived 2017-02-24 at the Wayback Machine The American Experience: Lindbergh PBS, 2009. Retrieved: November 20, 2011.

Bibliography

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  • Berg, A. Scott. Lindbergh. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1998. ISBN 0-399-14449-8.
  • Hertog, Susan Anne Morrow Lindbergh: Her Life. New York: Anchor, 2000. ISBN 978-0-385-72007-6.
  • Jennings, Peter and Todd Brewster. The Century. New York: Doubleday, 1998. ISBN 0-385-48327-9.
  • Lindbergh, Reeve. No More Words: A Journal of My Mother, Anne Morrow Lindbergh. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002. ISBN 0-7432-0314-3.
  • Milton, Joyce. Loss of Eden: A Biography of Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh. New York: Harper Collins, 1993. ISBN 0-06-016503-0.
  • Mersky, Peter B. U.S. Marine Corps Aviation – 1912 to the Present. Annapolis, Maryland: Nautical and Aviation Publishing Company of America, 1983. ISBN 0-933852-39-8.
  • Mosley, Leonard. Lindbergh: A Biography. New York: Doubleday and Company, 1976. ISBN 978-0-38509-578-5.
  • Winters, Kathleen. Anne Morrow Lindbergh: First Lady of the Air. Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-6932-9.

Other websites

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