Online Corpus of
Songhyay Language (ver. Ŕ)
˛vÔ@°
Yutaka SAKUMA
@{żěŹŇŞ2004`2007NÉŠŻÄjWF[¤aźĹĚ^ľ˝\KCęÉćé_şZŻĚęčđAŻłçČĚčßéłL@(Arrêté N02152/MEN/SPCNRE du 19 Octobre 1999 fixant l'orthographe de la
langue SONAY-ZARMA)ÉîâÄ]ĘľApó¨ćŃMóđtľ˝ŕĚšB
@This is the
corpus of Songhay (Zarma) language which I recorded in the rural area of
western Niger from 2004 to 2007, transcribed by the official orthography (Arrêté N02152/MEN/SPCNRE du 19 Octobre 1999
fixant l'orthographe de la langue SONAY-ZARMA,) and translated into English
and Japanese.
Ú contents
1. A_Ěęč(2007N311ú) @Adamfs
Remarks (March 11, 2007)
1-2. AŻnúĚJgˇĘnÝć@Story of the creation of the canton chief during the
colonial era
1-3. T[oEe[şnÝć@Story of the establishment of the village of Saaba-Tera
1-4. T[oEe[şnÝĚúÉ¢Ä@The time when the village of Saaba-Tera was established
1-5. ć
ŇĆă
Ňđߎéęč@Remarks about those who came first and those who came later
1-6. AHAŨąéWÉ¢Ä@Regarding disputes at the irrigated farmland
2. AuhDCĚęč(2007N39ú)@Abudullahifs
Remarks (March 9, 2007)
2-1.
AŻnúĚńˇĘnÝć@Story
of the creation of the chief during the colonial era
3. AĚęč(2007N122ú)@Alifs Remarks (January 22, 2007)
3-2. ă\đCŽđߎéęč @Remarks
regarding the incident over delegatesf removal
3-3. ă\ĚđÖĚßöĆR@The
process and the reasons for the change of delegates
4. CXuĚęč(2007N224ú) @Isboufs
Remarks (February 24, 2007)
4-1. AŻnúĚńˇĘnÝć@Story of the creation of the chief during the colonial era
5. CXuĚęč(2007N228ú) Isboufs Remarks (February 28, 2007)
5-1. T[oEe[şnÝć@@Story of the establishment of the village of Saaba-Tera I
5-2. T[oEe[şnÝćA@Story of the establishment of the village of Saaba-Tera II
6. XCĚęč(2007N25ú) Soureyfs Remarks
(February 5, 2007)
6-1. ă\đCŽđߎéęč Remarks regarding the
incident over delegatesf removal
7. ZCuĚęč(2007N210ú) Seibfs Remarks (February 10, 2007)
7-1. ă\Éćé§Ů[uĆńđ[uSanctions and evasive measures used by the delegates
8. jFhDĚęč(2007N126ú) Niyendofs Remarks (January 26, 2007)
8-1. ČşCTEx[OŞńˇÉČÁ˝ŠWhy Isa Beegun became the chief
9. u[oĚęč(2006N1030ú) @Bubafs Remarks (October 30, 2006)
˝źŽÉȳ꽞Advice given to a young man at his babyfs naming ceremony
10. }n}hDĚęč(2007N215ú) @Mahamadoufs Remarks (February 15, 2007)
10-1. §ÚZŽđߎéęčStory about the incident in which people were forced to move
10-2. ă\đCŽđߎéęčRemarks regarding the incident over delegatesf removal
10-3. T[oEe[şnÝć@ Story of the establishment of the village of Saaba-Tera I
10-4. T[oEe[şnÝćA Story
of the establishment of the village of Saaba-Tera II
11. }[EĚęč(2005N1122ú) Maraawfs remarks
(November 22, 2005)
11-1. WĆe° Settlements
and families
11-2. SjEn[CÉ¢ÄĚnęč@Remarks about Gornyo-haameyfs lineage
11-3. ńˇĘĚpłßö@ Succession
of the position of chief I
11-4. ăńˇCTEx[OĆzę§ÉÂ˘Ä Regarding
Isa Beegun, the first chief, and slavery
11-6. ńˇĘĚpłßöA Succession
of the position of chief II
11-7. NeCĚNšEÚZßöÉÂ˘Ä The
origins of the Kurtey and their migration process
12. [TĚęč(2007N28ú) Musafs remarks (February 8, 2007)
12-1. Ǣă\ĆŤ˘ă\@ Good delegates and bad delegates I
12-2. ă\Éćé§Ů[uĆńđ[u Sanctions
and evasive measures used by the delegates
12-3. TĎŇÉćéă\đCŽĚęč An
onlookerfs remarks regarding delegatesf removal
12-4. ă\đÖĚű@ The
way of replacing delegates
12-5. ă\đÖĚßö The
process of replacing delegates
12-6. Ǣă\ĆŤ˘ă\A Good
delegates and bad delegates II
13. [Ěęč(2006N1028ú) Morfs Remarks (October 28, 2006)
@Koyra wo kaŋ ni ga di, dumi hinka
ka go calla. Wey gey ti car ɲayze kaŋ ize a ma hiiji, i hay calla, kaŋ ti,
ni di, Gorɲo wo da Urufa, gey no calla. Oho. Sohoŋ wey yoŋ kul, waati kul kaŋ se
na Gorɲo wo cendi, hal baabo here man ka ka huro Urufa ra, kul ɲoŋo here ga ka ka huro Urufa ra.
Ya da ir go ma goro da. Oho
Two dumis are living together in this
settlement [Saaba] that you are looking at. People in these dumis have their
children marry each other, who then have their own children, so they are
relatives. You see? Itfs Gornyo [haamey] and Urufa [borey]. They coexist. Hmm.
From our Gornyofs perspective, itfs always been true that if the fatherfs side
did not come from Urufa, the motherfs side came from Urufa. Thatfs how we do
it. Hmm.
@¨ÜŚŞŠÄ˘éąĚWkT[olÉÍA2ÂĚhD~ŞĆŕÉ éBoűÍq𼳚 ˘AqđYÝ ÁĢÄAeĘǤľČĚžŞA˘˘ËAťęŞąĚSjkEn[ClĆEt@kE{ClžAťęçŞĆŕÉ éĚžB¤ŢBťÝąęç͡×ÄA˘ÂžÁÄAąĚSj̤ŠçˇéĆAűŞEt@ŠçüčÉ˝ĚĹČŻęÎAˇČíżęűŞEt@ŠçüčɽƢ¤ąĆžBí˝ľ˝żÍąĚć¤ÉľÄ˘éB¤ŢB
@Zama i kaaga woyo, Urufa wo kaaga
woyo, Gorɲo no. Oho. Gorɲo g i hun, i ka ka te Urufa-boro wo. Ni di wala? Sohoŋ in d'ey ir te
cer se kal weyize da ariize, ir kaagey te ya-cine no. Boro kul si Urufa da kaŋ
ga kabe sambu, kaŋ n i kaaga woyo manti Gorɲo ga no hun. Oho. Zama i si ne kal
Zara Gorɲo, Tikkaŋ Gorɲo. Gorɲo izey ne. Zara a ka ka hay Urufa wo ga. Urufa wo ra ka gorokasiney da
Zara, a ka ka nga go izey wey hay, kaŋ ti Almokutaar. To, ir mey kambo ne, ir
mey ne Beegun haamey. Ya-cine no. Amma ir kul kaaga holloŋ ka izey no. Oho. Da ɲoŋo man ka Urufa, baabo ga ka. Wal
borey wey mey, da ɲoŋo man ka Urufa, Gorɲo ga, baabo ga ka Gorɲo ga. Soohoŋ ya da in d'ey wey, in
na melanji calla. Oho. Da ni koy ir guna, ya d ir go da. Ikkul kaayi folloŋ ka
izey no. Ayyo! Amma ir gonda naŋ k ir ga fey. Oho, ya d ir go da. Ni faham
wala?
This is because their female ancestor, Urufafs female ancestor, is
Gornyo. Hmm. They left Gornyo to establish this Urufa Boro. You see? Now, that
makes us male descendants and female descendants. Itfs our ancestors who
started this system. There is no descendant of Urufafs who doesnft have Gornyo
haamey as their female ancestors. Hmm. Thatfs because they [the female
ancestors] are Zara Gornyo and Tikkan Gornyo, who are Gornyofs children.
Gornyofs descendants are over here, and Urufafs descendants are over there.
Zara went to Urufa to have children. Then the one who became Zarafs spouse and
had many children with her was Almokhtar. Now, our root is here, and we,
Begumfs descendants, are here. Thatfs how it is. But we are all descendants of
a common ancestor. Hmm. If the mother did not come from Urufa, the father did.
Or from their perspective, if the mother did not come from Urufa . . . Gornyo,
the father came from Gornyo. Thatfs how we are all mixed now. Hmm. You came to
see how we do it. This is how we do it. We are all descendants of a common
ancestor. Thatfs right. But we live separately. Hmm. Thatfs how we do it. You
understand?
[Later part omitted]
@ČşČçŢçĚcAŢçEt@ĚcÍASjžŠçžB¤ŢBŢçÍSjŠçŁęAąĚEt@E{đÂčÉ˝BíŠéŠËBłÄAí˝ľ˝żÍA˝Ş˘ÉjĚqˇĆĚqˇÉ ˝éĚžŞAťĚć¤Éľ˝ĚÍAí˝ľ˝żĚcćžBEt@ĚrđĆÁĢéĚÉAťĚcŞSjEn[CŠçľÄ˘Č˘Ň͢ȢB¤ŢBƢ¤ĚŕAŢçkclÍAU[ESjĆeBbJESjĆž¤ŠçžBÂÜčSjĚqžBSjĚqˇŞążçɢÄAEt@ĚqˇŞ żçɢéBU[ÍAąĚEt@ĚŕĆÖYÝÉ˝BąĚEt@ĚČŠĹU[ĚşľĆČčA˝łńĚqđYńžĚŞAAN^[žBłÄAí˝ľ˝żŠgĚrŞążçÉ éAí˝ľ˝żx[OĚqˇ˝żŞąąÉ˘éBą¤ČÁĢéĚžBľŠľí˝ľ˝żÍÝČAcćđĐĆÂɡéqˇžB¤ŢBęeŞEt@Šç˝ĚĹČŻęÎAeŞťąŠç˝ĚžB é˘ÍA żçĚlÔ̤ŠçˇéĆAŕľęeŞEt@cASjŠç˝ŇĹČŠÁ˝çAeŞSjŠç˝ŇžBą¤ľÄí˝ľ˝żÍ˘ÜâAŹ´č ÁĢéB¤ŢB¨ÜŚŞí˝ľ˝żđŠÉŤÄ˘éĚČçAí˝ľ˝żÍąĚć¤ÉľÄ˘éĚžBˇ×ÄcćđĐĆÂɡéqˇžBť¤ČĚžBľŠľí˝ľ˝żÍĘXÉČéęđŕÁĢéB¤ŢBąĚć¤Éí˝ľ˝żÍľÄ˘éĚžBíŠéËB
kăŞl[Later part omitted]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
\\ Amma
Deesa bonkoyni da Gorɲo-haamey ikkul kaaga folloŋ?
Do the chief of Dessa and Gornyo haamey share a common ancestor?
ľŠľf[TĚńˇĆSjEn[CÍAcćđĐĆÂɡéĚšŠB
A)[1] Deesa
Bonkoyni? Deesa Bonkoyni da Gorɲo-haamey? I manti kaaga fo. I kaaga go waani,
ir kaaga go waani. Oho. Ir manti kaaga fo. Oho
The chief of Dessa, huh? The chief of Dessa and Gornyo haamey. They
do not share a common ancestor. Their ancestor and our ancestor are different.
Hmm. We do not share a common ancestor. Hmm.
f[TĚńˇŠBf[TĚńˇĆSjEn[CŠBcćÍĐĆÂĹÍȢBŢçĚcćĆí˝ľ˝żĚcćÍżŞ¤B¤ŢBí˝ľ˝żÍcćŞĐĆÂĹÍȢB¤ŢB
\\ Isa
ga jin..., a'a, Gorɲo-haamey borey yoŋ no ga jin ka ka ne da, wala Deesa borey no ka jin ka
ka?
Did Isa first . . . I mean, did the people of Gornyo haamey come
first? Or did the people of Dessa come first?
CTŞćÉcA˘âASjEn[CĚlŃĆŞćɽ̚ŠAťęĆŕf[TĚlŃĆŞćɽ̚ŠB
A) Wallaahi,
Deesa borey ka, ir woney ka, ir jin ka ka. Ir woney kaayoŋo wo Deesa ka, ir
borey ka. Toomare ka. Koyre hinza wo kul boro kul man cer jin ka ka labo wo ra.
Ayyo.
Wallahi. The people of Dessa came, our people came, we came first.
Our ancestor came when the people of Dessa came, and our people came. People of
Tomare came. People of all three villages [came around the same time]. No one
had come to this land [before the settlement of these three villages]. Right.
b[qAf[TĚlÔŞÄAí˝ľ˝żĚlÔŞÄAí˝ľ˝żŞOÉ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĚc檽ĚÍAf[TŞÄAí˝ľ˝żĚlŃĆŞ˝Bg[}Ş˝Bąęç3ÂĚşSkŞŻúÉ˝lBNŕkąĚ3şćčOÉląĚynÉČŠÁ˝Bť¤žB
Zama
annasaarey bumbo gey meytaara kaŋ naŋ no Deesa se, koyre hinka kaŋ dukkuri
wo-din se. Kaŋ naŋ Deesa du ka gey mey, Toomare dukkuri a se, kaŋ ga naŋ Deesa
wo borey du ka gey mey. I ma wo doro.
Because whites gave control to Dessa, people of the other two
villages got angry. People of Tomare got angry at the fact that Dessa has
gained control over them, at the fact that that Dessa had gained the authority
to control people. They felt pain for this fact.
ČşČçl˝żÍƢ¤ĆAxzđf[TÉ^ŚÄľÜÁ˝ĚĹAťęĹ2ÂĚşÍ{Á˝Bf[TŞŢçđxzˇéć¤ÉČÁ˝ąĆÉAg[}Í{Á˝B Ěf[TŞlŃĆđŚÄAxzˇéąĆÉBŢç͹̹ĆÉÉÝđ¨ÚŚ˝B
Ir mey wono, annasaara wo Isa
Beegun wo, annsaara tuba ga ka a kat'a. A ne a ma ka ne da. Annasaarey ka ne da
ka i na ka gey waatey te, i hoy, de ir kaaga naŋ ga mo go baro ra, i ne a se a
ma ka. A tuba din manti kal Fonbita boro no. I ga ne a se Ali, Ali Kara. Ga ka
koy kate annasaarey za Banjagara, ni ma, a koy sambu kal a kate. I ne a se : áHeey! Ma bey da ni koy i naŋ ga n wi. Ni si
koyâ. Tuba mo gen da annasaarey no,
tuba mo ne, wallaahi d i naŋ ga wi, ga si kate boro kaŋ ga a wi. A ma ka de,
annasaarey gen d'ey ma waafaku. I ne a se : áNi si koy,
ma bey da ni koy i naŋ ga n wiâ.
As for our ancestor, the whites . . . the whites were brought here
by Isa Begumfs maternal nephew. The whites came here, spent the morning and the
afternoon, and told our ancestor, who was on the island, to come. His [Isa
Begumfs] maternal nephew was from Fombita, and his name was Ali, Ali Kara. He
brought the whites in Bandiagara here. You got that? He brought them here.
People said, eHey, you will get killed if you go there. Donft go.f The nephew
was with the whites and said, eYoufre definitely not going to get killed. I would not bring someone
who would kill people. Just come over here and ally with whites.f They [the
people] said to him [Isa Begum], eDonft go. You will get killed if you do.f
í˝ľ˝żĚcćÍƢ¤ĆAťĚlÍcACTEx[OĚęűICÉlÍAęçęÄ˝Bl˝żÍąąÉÄAßO𡲾Aßă𡲾AťľÄɢ˝í˝ľ˝żĚcćɢƞÁ˝BŢkCTEx[OlĚęűICÍtHr^ĚlÔĹAźđAAAEJĆžÁ˝BťĚŢŞoWKɢ˝lđAęÄ˝A˘˘ËAŢŞAęÄ˝BlŃĆÍu¨¨˘BsÁ˝çEłęéźBsČvĆžÁ˝BICÍl˝żĆęɢ˝ĚžŞAŢÍƢ¤ĆAâÎÉEłęéŕĚŠAŢÍlEľđˇéć¤ČlÔđAęÄȢA˘˘ŠçÄAlĆŻżľć¤ĆžÁ˝BŢçklŃĆlÍŢkCTEx[OlÉAusČAsÁ˝çEłęéźvĆžÁ˝B
Ni di wala? Heri kul se annasarey
man te i se. Ha kaŋ ga naŋ de a ma ka. Tuba mo kookari. Sohoŋ ke, a hambur
koyyoŋo. áDa ni koy, waat in i naŋ ga n wiâ. Heri kul si tubaa man te, a man koy. I di
ga goro no-din ga mo, i di ga kala heri kaŋ ga naŋ de i ma ka. I ne : áSukkara yoŋ kaâ. Kaŋ borey
si bey mo heri kaŋ ti sukkara. I ne : áNi ma koy
no i seâ. I ne : áTaba ka maâ. I man
yedda. I ne a se : áDa ni koy, ma bey, borey din, ga
boro cirey fo yoŋ no, a heri dumbiyo fo go i seâ. Amma gey
si bey heri kaŋ ti wo-din. Sohoŋ ke hamburey furo a se.
You see? The whites didnft do anything to them except telling them
to go over there, and the nephew tried to help, too. But at this time, he [Isa
Begum] was afraid to go. eYou will get killed.f The nephew was safe, but he
[Isa Begum] didnft go. They [whites], too, figured he [Isa Begum] would not
move, so they tried to force him to go there. They said, eHere is sugar,f
although the people didnft know what sugar was. They said, eGo over there and
give some to everyone.f They then said, eGo ahead and lick it.f They [the
people around Isa Begum] did not comply. They said to him [Isa Begum], eYou
must not go. All right? They are red men.f They have something thin and long in
their hands.f But they didnft know what it was. At this point, he [Isa Begum]
started to fear.
íŠéËBlÍŢçɽ๸A˝ž˘ĆžÁ˝žŻžľAęűICŕwÍľ˝BžŞŕ¤ŢkCTEx[OlÍsąĆđ°ę˝BusÁ˝çAEłęéźvBICÍ˝ŕłęČŠÁ˝ŞAŢkCTEx[OlÍsŠČŠÁ˝BŢçkl˝żlŕŢkCTEx[OlŞťąŠçŽŠČ˘ĆíŠčAČńĆŠŢđłšć¤Ćľ˝BŢçÍuťŞ˝źvĆžÁ˝BlŃĆÍťŞ˝ŠđmçȢƢ¤ĚÉžBŢçÍAusÁÄÝČÉ^ŚëvĆžÁ˝BuČßÄÝëvĆžÁ˝BŢçkCTEx[OĚüÍĚlŃĆlÍłřľČŠÁ˝BŢkCTEx[OlÉAusÁÄ͢ŻČ˘źA˘˘ŠA ˘ÂçÍÔ˘lžźA˝ŠŠ×ˇ˘ŕĚđŕÁĢéźvĆžÁ˝B˝žľŢç͝ꪽŠđmçČŠÁ˝B˘ÜâAŢkCTEx[Olɰ|ŞüčąńžB
Gey mey da a si ka, i na i
hamburandi. Zama malfa kuuro, waat in i na powo din te, borey naŋ ga malfa bey?
I sobey ka kaŋ isaa ra ka koy do ka bere ka kooy, koy du Fuliyande yoŋ, jerey
yoole isa wo ra. I ye ka koy Fuliyande.
They [whites] tried to threaten them for not going over there. The
people heard the crack of a gun. I bet you they did not know what a gun was.
One after another, people fell into the river and drifted far away. In spite of
that, some of them managed to come back to the Fuliyande Island. But some of
them drowned in this river. They [those who survived] came back to the
Fuliyande Island.
ŢçkllÍƢ¤ĆAŕľČ˘Č纊ť¤Ćľ˝BƢ¤ĚŕťĚĆŤeŞ|[EĆú˝ę˝ŠçžBlŃĆÍeđmÁĢ˝Í¸ŞČ˘BlŃĆÍXĆěÉżÄAAŢą¤ÜĹŹłęĢÁ˝BťęĹŕAČńĆŠtAfĚ٤ÉřŤÔľÄ˘Á˝ŞAČŠÉÍąĚěĹMęńžŇࢽBŢçkśŤĚŃ˝ŇlÍAtAfÉßÁĢÁ˝B
Annasaarey ya kakaaru boŋ ɲaajin fo yoŋ haw ya-cine kaŋ malfey
dake i boŋ, i ga zi ga kakaaru tutiya, i ga zi ga kakaaru tuti, kal i koy du
Fuliyande jabo. Hal i ga soora, kul i ne : áHeey! I ka,
i kaâ. *I ye ka huru ka do Koorugungu
isaa ra, koy zigi Koorugungu. I ne i ma ye de ka key, gey si ba kal de gen d'ey
ma waafaku. Gey man ka i wiiyoŋ se, hal gey naŋ g i wi naŋ go key din, doŋ gey
ni wi ka ben saain, ba gorŋo si cindi. I hambur. I koy bere kal Hawsa. Boro
cindo yoole yaamo isa ra.
The whites tied huge Sesbania[2]
together like this, put a gun on top of it, and swam as they pushed it. They
swam as they pushed it and reached the shore of the Fuliyande Island. As they
were getting settled, [people] saw them and said, eYou guys, they are here,
they are here.f [laughing,] People hastily jumped into the river on the side of
the Korgoungou Island and climbed onto the island. They [whites] said to them,
eCome back. We just want to ally with you. We are not here to kill you. If we
were, we would have slaughtered every single one of you already, and not even a
chicken would be alive.f They [the people] were afraid. They swam off to the
east bank. Some of them ended up drowning in the river.
l˝żÍƢ¤ĆAĺČZXojA[3]đąĚć¤ÉľÎÁĝ̤ŚÉeđuŤAťęđľČŞçj˘ĹAľČŞçj˘ĹAtAfĚÝÉ˝Çč¢˝BŢçŞőđŽŚÄ˘éĆAťęđŠ˝klŃĆÍlAu¨¨˘B˝źA˝źvĆžÁ˝B*k΢ȪçlŢçÍĺQÄR[OO¤ĚěÉňŃąÝAR[OOÉ͢ ŞÁ˝BŢçkllÍŢçÉžÁ˝BßÁĢAŠŞ˝żÍŻżľ˝˘žŻžAEˇ˝ßÉ˝ĚĹÍȢAŕľEˇÂŕčČçAŕ¤ĆÁÉFEľÉľÄAjgęCžÁÄĚąÁĢȢBŢçklŃĆlͰę˝BłçÉÝÖĆŚ°Ä˘Á˝BęĚlÍ˝žěĹMęńžB
@ Sohoŋ
wo-din, i ma wo-din doro. Hal i ye ka ceeci koyne ka koy kal i to Kaasalme
hondo din ga, ga no i ca, i ne Deesa borey kaaga se : áWala Isifi Zibo, wal a go noâ? I ne : áWalaahi a
go noâ. I ne Isifi Zibo se a ma ka. Ga
wo bine i na daŋ, banɲey no daŋ yaamo hiyo ra. I koy. De annasaarey di celey waafaku, i na
gey senno kul te, de gey tiraa no i se, zama han din borey i si bey boro ka te
tilas. I ne a ma koy gaabu a ga, gar bisa ka koy Toomare.
This incident gave them [the whites] pain.
They went off for another search. Then on a road next to a caasarme [a
settlement], they sent a messenger to the ancestors of people of Dessa, saying
eIs Issoufi Zibo here?f They said, eWallahi, yes, hefs here.f They [the whites]
told Issoufi Zibo to come. What he [Issoufi] did was he just put some slaves on
a boat [to send over in place of him]. They went. Then the whites allied with
them, settled a deal, and gave them paper. People in those days, however, had
no idea that this person would eventually gain power. They [the whites] said to
make sure to hold on to it [the paper], and set out for Tomare.
ť¤˘¤ąĆŞ ÁÄAŢçklÍlÉÝđoŚ˝BŢçÍ ç˝ÉTľÉ˘ÁÄľÜÁ˝BťęĹJ[TkWlŞ éšĹAf[TĚlŃĆĚcćÉAuCXtBEYB{͢éŠvĆgŇđoľ˝BŢçÍAub[qA˘ÜˇvĆžÁ˝BŢçkl˝żlÍCXtBEYB{ɢƞÁ˝BŢkCXtBlĚÎ ˘ÍƢ¤ĆA˝žkgăíčÉlzęđ{[gÉćš˝BŢçÍsÁ˝BťľÄl˝żÍŢçĆŻżđŃAbđˇ×ÄÜĆßAŢçÉđ^Ś˝BĆ͢ŚlŃĆÍAťĚlŞ ÍđŕÂąĆÉČë¤ĆÍmçČŠÁ˝BŢçkllÍťęklđľÁŠčŕÁĨć¤ÉĆžÁÄAg[}ÉŢŠÁ˝B
I
koy Toomare din, ga n genda Toomare borey din, gey mey koy te ya. Gey wey
waafaku no-din. I gar, i sobey ka gana ka koy kal Dulusu. I koy no-din, i ye ka
bere ka ya ka ka. Sohoŋ borey din mey ka k i di ka annasaarey n i har. Tomare
din, i ne wallaahi gey wey, gey silman keyna fo, gey na no Deesa borey
se.Ya-din ga gey si hin ka te ya-cine, hala gey ma di wo-din banda.
They went to Tomare and did the same thing with the people of
Tomare. They made an alliance there. They then moved onto Doulous. After they
went there, they came back. This time, the people [people of Tomare] came as
well. Once they came, the whites talked to them. They [the whites] said, eWe
have given something to the people of Dessa. Whatfs done is done, but it should
never be repeated to the people of Tomare. Absolutely not.f
ŢçÍg[}ÉsŤAťąĹŕg[}ĚlÔƨȜąĆđľ˝BŢçÍťąĹŻżđńžBťęŠçŢçÍAhDXÖĆÚÁĢÁ˝BťąÉsĆAÜ˝ĐŤŠŚľÄ˝BĄxÍťĚlŃĆkg[}ĚlŃĆlŠgŕâÁĽ̞ŞAŢçŞéĆAlÍbľÄâÁÄ˝BŢçkl˝żlÍžÁ˝B éŕĚđf[TĚlÔÉ^Ś˝AĐƽѝꪡńĹľÜÁ˝ŠçÉÍAť¤ľ˝ąĆđg[}ɡéąĆÍâÎÉōȢB
To,
i koy gey gora te Dulusu din, Dulusu din gungiyo fo no, isa gamo ra no ya. I ka
ka ngey gora te no-din ra, i sobey ka dira labo ra, hal a ka ka to sohoŋ i ne
gey ma te koyrey se jine. Sohoŋ borey ka ka ba jine-borotara. I miile i sohoŋ
gey wey gey ga du jine-borotara. Toomare borey ba wo-din, i man du wo-din. Ir
mey wono kaŋ ne-wo, i ne a se a ma ka. I ne a se hal a koy, a naŋ ga bu, a
hambur, a man ka i do. Waato kaŋ jiney i koy, i ne a tiraa din, i g i tiraa, i
ne Isifi Ziibo se wal mana? Isifi na tiira sambu a no. I ne : áTo, maadulla. To, boro wo no ngey daŋ jineâ.
Now,
they [the whites] settled in Doulous. Doulous is a big island in the middle of
the Niger River. They settled there, walked around, and finally announced that
they would appoint a headman for the villages. Wanting the status of a headman,
people started gathering. They thought they would be able to get that status.
The people of Tomare wanted it, but they didnft get it. As for our ancestor
here, they [the whites] told him to come over. He [Isa Begum] got scared when
told he would die if he went to them [the whites], so he didnft go. Once people
have gathered, they, the paper . . . them, the paper . . . They [the whites]
said to Issoufi Zibo, eWhere [is the paper]?f Issoufi took out paper and handed
it to them. They [the whites] said, eAll right. Good. We will make this person
the headman.f
łÄAŢçkl˝żlÍhDXÉčZľ˝ĚžŞAąĚhDXĆÍAjWF[ěĚÉ éĺŤČžÁ˝BŢçÍťąÉčZľAąĚnđńľAƤƤşĚOđÂéĆž˘žľ˝BˇéĆlŃĆÍOĚlĚnĘŮľłÉWÜÁÄ˝BŢçÍŠŞŞOĚlĚnĘđŚçęéĆlŚÄ˘˝Bg[}ĚlÔÍąęđ~ľŞÁ˝ŞAŚçęČŠÁ˝BąąÉ˘˝í˝ľ˝żĚcćÍƢ¤ĆAŢçkl˝żlÉéć¤Éžíę˝BŢkCTEx[OlÍAsÁ˝çńžܤƢíęÄ|ČčAŢçkl˝żlĚĆąëÉsŠČŠÁ˝BlŃĆŞWÜéĆAŢçÍcAŢçŞcAŢçkl˝żlÍCXtBEYB{ÉukÍlÇąžvĆžÁ˝BCXtBÍđĆčžľÄAnľ˝BŢçkl˝żlÍA¤ŢA\AćľAąĚl¨đOÉuąĆÉľć¤vĆžÁ˝B
Waat
in no ir mey wone manti a jin no, waat in lakkalo tun, ga no a ye ka zuru ka
koy no, ga mo ne : áLey! Isifi si huroâ. Annasaarey mey ne : áLeyâ! Saalahhu
senno wo bumbo hal a man a naŋ, kul gey ga wi. Oho. Tuba ne a se : áGuna, ay wo hano kaŋ ay ka, ni se n i ka.
Amma kaŋ ni wenji ka ka. I ne da ni ka, naŋ ga bu. Hoŋo kaŋ gey na labu wo kul
dira, gey ba boro wo ka gey kubey Deesa. Za gey to, i ka gey do. Ay ne gey
tiira no i se. Hoŋo kaŋ ga i na tiira no i se, i sinda fondo kul kaŋ ga tiira
ta ka n a se. Wa koy goro da no. Wo kaŋ naŋ Deesa mo kaan ir meâ. Oho. Hero ban ka te. Annasaara wo tiira da
a ban ka hantum, a si kottu koyne, a si a tuusu. Oho. Sohoŋ ba ni wo boro kaŋ
ne ma ni tira tuusu, ni ga yedda?
Then
our ancestors said, eHe shouldnft become the headman.f They panicked, rushed to
the scene, and said, eAbsolutely not. Issoufi should not be the one.f The
whites said, eItfs not negotiable.f eIt is Godfs will. So if you donft let it
happen, we will kill you.f Hmm. [Isa Begumfs] maternal nephew said to him, eYou
see? This is why I told you to come that day. But you wouldnft because somebody
said you would die if you did. Now they [whites] have gone everywhere, and
became fond of this guy [Issoufi] they met in Dessa. When they [the whites]
showed up, they [Issoufi and his people] went to them [the whites]. The paper
was given to them [Issoufi and his people]. Now that the paper has been given
to them, there is no way to get it back and give it to someone else. You go
home and be happy. Let Dessa rule.f Yeah. Thatfs how it was done. Whitesc, once
theyfve signed a paper, they never break it nor erase it. Hmm. You, perhaps
too, wouldnft agree to erase a [the content of a] memo.
ťĚĆŤí˝ľ˝żĚcćÍAŢŞOĹÍȢAťęđŤ˘ÄCđŽ]łšÄAąńÇÍĺ}ŹĹŠŻÂŻÄAuâÎČçńBCXtBŞČé׍ĹÍȢvĆžÁ˝Bl˝żÍƢ¤ĆAuťęąťČçńvĆžÁ˝BąęÍ_Ěvľ˘ľ˝bČĚžŠçAťĚć¤ÉľČ˘Č硎ÉEľÄâéĆžÁ˝B¤ŢBkCTx[OĚlęűICÍŢÉžÁ˝BuťçŠëAžŠç Ěúí˝ľÍ˘ĆžÁ˝ĚžBľŠľ Č˝Íć¤ĆľČŠÁ˝B˝çĘĆžíęÄB˘ÜâAŢçkllÍąĚnˇ×ÄđÜíčAf[TĹďÁ˝ąĚlkCXtBlđCɢÁÄľÜÁ˝BŢçkllŞéĆAŢçkCXtB˝żlÍŢçkllĚŕĆÉâÁÄ˝BŢçkCXtB˝żlÉÍ^Śçę˝ńšćB˘ÜâŢçÉŞ^Śçę˝ĚžŠçAđĆ芌ľÄ^ŚČ¨ˇű@ÍȢBAÁĨĆČľľÄČł˘Bf[TŞxzˇéÜÜɾĨŤČł˘vB¤ŢBą¤ľÄ
ŞÂ˘˝BlƢ¤ŕĚÍAđ˘Á˝ń˘ÄľÜÁ˝çAťęđńxĆjçȢľAÁľŕľČ˘B¤ŢB˝ĆŚÎNžÁÄANŠÉťĚm[gkĚŕelđÁšĆ˘íęÄŕłřľČ˘žë¤B
\\ Ay
wo ay ga yedda ya.
I would.
í˝ľÍłřľÜˇćB
A) Aa?
Huh?
ńB
\\ Ay
wo ay ga yedda.
I
would erase a memo.
í˝ľÍłřľÜˇB
A) To,
wo-din manti wan d'ey no*.
Ha,
I guess you are different [laughs].
¤ŢA¨ÜŚĚÎ ˘ÍżŞ¤ć¤žË*kΤlB
\\ Amma
hal, hal boro kaŋ ga har ay se bumbo no ka ne ay se manti ya-wo-cine no, tuusu,
kul ay ga yedda.
ŕľAŕľí˝ľÉbľÄę˝lŠgŞť¤śáȢAÁšAĆžÁ˝çˇŽÉłřľÜˇB
A) Oho,
oho, to, guna, ya no. Wo ka ne jine borey i n ir mey...
If somebody who spoke to me said, eThatfs wrong. Erase it,f then I
would agree to do so right away.
¤Ţ¤ŢAŮçŠëAť¤žë¤BťĚć¤ÉNˇŇ˝żŕžÁÄc
Right. See? Yeah. Thatfs what the elders are saying, tooc
M)[4] Manti
ya-din no a ne. Danga sohoŋ hal borey kaŋ ga bey kul har ni se, i har ka ben.
De ni koy Fuliyande, boro fo ma ka ka ni gar kaŋ si ha kul bey, a ma ne ni se :
áNi hantumey din, i tuusu. A naŋâ. Ni ga yedda?
Thatfs not what he meant. If some people told you everything they
knew and finished telling you the whole story. Then you come back to the
Fuliyande settlement, and somebody who happens to see you—somebody who knows
nothing about what has been said— said, eErase what you wrote. Just ignore it,f
would you agree?
ť¤˘¤ąĆśáȢB˝ĆŚÎŕľ él˝żŞmÁĢéąĆđÝȨ܌ÉbľAbľ¨Ś˝ĆˇéBťęŨ܌ŞtAfWÉAÁÄA˝Ü˝Ü¨ÜŚđŠŠŻ˝˝ŕmçȢNŠŞAu˘˝ąĆđÁšA٤ÁĨŻvĆžÁ˝çA¨ÜŚłřˇéŠB
\\ Wo-wo
ke ay si yedda.
In that case, I wouldnft.
ťęÍłřľČ˘ćB
M) Cap!
Tchappu.
`bv[5]B
A) Oho*.
Hmm [laughs].
¤Ţ*kΤlB
\\ Hal
boro ga waani, ay si yedda.
If [the person who told me the story and the person who tells me to
erase it] are not the same, I wouldnft.
ŕľkłŚÄę˝lĆAÁšĆž¤lŞlĘXžÁ˝çAłřľČ˘ćB
A) Oho,
to, ya-cine no. Gey mey ne * gey si yedda. Wo ka naŋ gey mey ka i na ir mey.
Sohoŋ ir koyra gonda wo doro, Toomare borey gonda wo doro. Ha kaŋ naŋ Deesa
borey ka ka gey dabari. Oho.
¤ŢAť¤˘¤íŻČĚžBŢçkllŕ*kˇŤĆčsÂ\lłřľČŠÁ˝BŢçkf[TĚlÔlŞí˝ľ˝żđxzľČć¤ÉˇéąĆđBí˝ľ˝żĚşÍAĄŕąĚąĆđߎéÉÝ𩩦ĢÄAg[}ĚlÔŕąĚąĆđߎéÉÝđřŚÄ˘éBf[TĚlÔŞw}ľÂïĢéąĆÉξĞB¤ŢB
Hmm. So thatfs the story. They [the whites] did not agree
[inaudible], either, not to let them [the people of Dessa] rule us. Our village
is still feeling pain because of this, and so are the people of Tomare. You
know, regarding the fact that the people of Dessa remain in power. Hmm.
Sohoŋ
ir kul kaayey bu da wo doro kaŋ na naŋ Deesa wo ka ka te ir se jine huno k ir
dabari. Toomare borey kaayey bu da wo doro. Ir mey wone bu da wo doro. Zama ir
kul ga tamma hã, ir ga bisa borey kaŋ ka ka ir mey. Oho. Ha kaŋ ga naŋ, i ma ir
dabari ka te ir se jine huno, Toomare borey ga miile wallaahi gey si wo konte
ley! Boro wo kaŋ yoŋ ka ka gey mey, ir mo hun boro wo mo ga tam, ga si..., wo
Isifi Zibo konte ley hal a ma ka ga game. Annasaarey mo bora kaŋ si ba a ga si
a gey almano no.
Our ancestors died with the pain that Dessa has become our chief and
came to control us. The people of Tomare died with the pain. Our ancestors died
with the pain. Hmm. This is because we all consider ourselves superior to those
who rule us. Hmm. They [the people of Dessa] came to rule us as our chief, but
the people of Tomare think they absolutely cannot be trusted. We donft trust who came to rule
us, Issoufi Zibo, at all either. We think the fact that he has become the
center [is unacceptable]. As for whites, they only like those who give them
livestock.
ą¤ľÄí˝ľ˝żĚc潿ÍÝČAf[TŞí˝ľ˝żĚńˇĆČčAí˝ľ˝żđw}ˇéć¤ÉČÁ˝ąĆÖĚÉÝđřŚČŞçńŢÁ˝Bg[}ĚlÔĚcćÍąĚÉÝĆĆŕÉńŢÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĚcćŕąĚÉÝĆĆŕÉńŢÁ˝B¤ŢBČşČçí˝ľ˝żÍÝČAí˝ľ˝żđxzˇéŇćčŠŞŞˇŽęĢéĆlŚÄ˘éŠçžB¤ŢBŢçkf[TĚlÔlŞí˝ľ˝żđw}ľAí˝ľ˝żĚńˇÉČÁ˝ąĆÉ¢ÄAg[}ĚlÔÍAâÎÉAMōȢĆlŚÄ˘éBí˝ľ˝żŕAí˝ľ˝żđxzˇéąĆÉČÁ˝lcACXtBEYB{đÜÁ˝MōȢAŢŞSɢéć¤ÉČÁ˝ąĆkÍóŻüꪽ˘lĆlŚÄ˘éBęűlÍƢ¤ĆAŠŞ˝żÉĆ{đ^ŚéŇľŠDŤĹÍȢB
kăŞl[Later part omitted]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
A) Sohoŋ,
beyra no ay ga har ni se. Hano kaŋ ga ir meytara, Joori, sooja kaŋ se i ga ne
Fuseyni Kunce, ga ka ka ka hino samb, a ga hino samb, a ne borey se : áDa ni ga ba ni ma goro Tilabeeri meytara ra,
da ni ga ba ma goro Kokor meytara ra, noŋ kul kaŋ ni ga ba, ma koy ni huwo cin.
Wo banda mo bonkoyni kul kaŋ kaan ni se ma gana, ma kabu, ma jangar bana a se.
A sinda heri fo kul. Ni faro kaŋ ni ga mey gungo ra, da ni koy bonkoyno wo
banda ka kabu, gungo bora wa ka si a banda a si duw'a. Da bora kaŋ go gungo ra
mo, a faro go Gurma ra, za ni si Gurma, Teera borey bande ma kabu, Teera bora
si n ganji man faro. Boro kul kaŋ kaan ni se, kaŋ ni di ne ga n kankam, kul ma
koy goroâ. Danga ya-wo cine kaŋ ni ka dendi
Fuliyande wo, ni go ga maar'ey a ra, danga ba ni ma ye ne ka kabu, amiiru Looga
bande, da ni di amiiru Looga izey se ni ga ka.
Now, let me talk about what you want to know. During Diorifs reign,
a soldier named Seyni Kountche gained power. After gaining power, he said, eIf
you want to live under Tilabeerifs rule, do so. If you want to live under
Terafs rule, do so. Build a house wherever you want to live. And follow a chief
that you choose to follow, resister your residency, and pay taxes. Therefs no
problem with that. If you own a field on the island, count your harvest under
the chief there. If you donft see eye to eye with the chief there, it cannot be
done. Those who live on the island, if you donft live on the west bank, even if
you own a field there, count the harvest under Terafs people. People of Tera
cannot stop you from cultivating land there. Do as you wish. If you think itfs
too small here, go ahead and move somewhere else. Let me explain. If you came
down to Fuliyande and heard that [Kountche's words], you stop counting here and
instead resister your residency under the chief of Looga. You tell that to the
people of Loogafs chief.
ĹÍAm轢ąĆđbť¤BW[ úAtZCjEN`FĆž¤\W[Ş ÍđÉŹÁ˝B ÍđÉŹÁ˝ŢÍžÁ˝BueBx[ĚxzÉZÝ˝ŻęÎť¤ľČł˘Ae[ĚxzÉZÝ˝ŻęÎť¤ľČł˘AZÝ˝˘ĆąëÉĆđÄČł˘BťľÄŤˇéńˇÉ]˘AŚA[žȳ˘BÜÁ˝âč čÜšńBÉ Č˝ŞLˇé¨Ş éĚČçAťąÉ˘éńˇĚŕĆĹŚČł˘BŢĆ¨č ˘ŞÂŠČ˘ČçAťęÍŚçęÜšńBɢélÔŕAźÝÉ¨Ş éĚÉźÝɢȢĚČçAe[ĚlŃĆĚŕĆĹŚČł˘Ae[ĚlŃĆÍ Č˝ŞťąĹkěˇéąĆđW°ÜšńBÝČŤŞ˘ć¤ÉľČł˘AąąŞˇ˘Ćv¤ĚČçAÚZľČł˘vBÂÜčǤ˘¤ąĆŠĆ˘¤ĆA¨ÜŚŞąątAfÉžÁÄŤÄA¨ÜŚŞťękN`FĚžtl𡢽ĚČçAąąĹŚéąĆđâßÄA[KĚńˇĚŕĆĹŚéB[KĚńˇĚAÉť¤`ŚéB
Saaba
wono, zama Saaba wono manti bonkoyni no. Ga wo bi fo da pala din da yenge fo te
yenga din ka ka cer di ya-cine, ir te me fo, in na car gana. In ne : áSohoŋ in naŋ ga ka ka ye gungo raâ, borey ba k i go Gurma, i ne in d'a gey ma
te me fo, gey g ir gana, gey ma kabu gungo ra. In ne : áTo, hal war ga kab gungo ra, in da wa..., i r
ga car gana paley boŋey diiyoŋ kaâ.
As for Saaba [why it should be Loga and not Saaba], Saaba does not
have a chief. It only happened recently. A dispute broke out at farmland there,
in which we came to understand each other, reached an agreement, and started
living side by side. We said, eLetfs go back to the island.f Those who wanted
to stay on the west bank concurred and said that they would move to the island
and resister their residency there. We also said, eAll right. If you are going
to count the harvest on the island, we will also . . . we will cooperate with
you over the farmland issue as well.f
T[oÍƢ¤ĆkČş[KĹT[oĹȢŠĆ˘¤ĆlAT[oĚťęÍńˇĹÍȢŠçžBťęÍ¢ĹßžBťąĚlČćĹ˘Ş¨ąčAťĚ˘ĚČŠĹí˝ľ˝żÍđľ ˘AÓŠđĐĆÂÉľAĆŕÉŕńžBí˝ľ˝żÍAuł Éßë¤vĆžÁ˝BźÝɢ˝˘lÔŕAkí˝ľ˝żĆlÓŠđĐĆÂÉľÄÉÚZľAťąĹŚéĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żŕAućľA¨ÜŚ˝żŞĹŚéČçAí˝ľ˝żŕcAí˝ľ˝żÍlČćĚâčĹŕĆŕÉŕŢąĆÉľć¤vĆžÁ˝B
Sohoŋ
ir ka ka wo-din te kala, ir ka ka kusuuma din te, waati din i ka, gey mey kaŋ
jin ka kabu Teera din, ir borey da no, kaŋ hun ir bande, i koy cer di, i ne hey
gey wey gey si kab gungo ra, gey wey g ir go de gey Teera kab wo. Ir mey ne ir
se, I se : áManti wo-din se ir sintin. Wan naŋ
ne in da war ma huro calla.Hala ir ma dalgey ka, ga ti in da war hino car ganaâ. Dalgey mongey albeero, hal ay ga ciiney ni
se, ga ti áfilaanaâ din
Thatfs how we came together. But when the time came, the guys who
had been counting the harvest in Tera, in other words, our family, left us, got
together among themselves, and said, eHey, we are not going to count the
harvest on the island. We are going to count the harvest in Tera.f We, we said
to us, I mean, to them, eThatfs not what wefve agreed on. You said you are in
with us. You said, eLetfs join hands once we remove the delegates.ff The
delegates did not concur [on that matter after all], but between you and me,
so-and-so was the head among them.
łÄAí˝ľ˝żÍąĚć¤ÉľÄAí˝ľ˝żÍŃ¢˝ĚžŞA˘´ťĚĆŤŞéĆAŕĆŕĆe[¤ĹŚÄ˘˝lÔAí˝ľ˝żĚgŕĹ éŢçÍAí˝ľ˝żĚăëŠçŁęAŢ瞯ĹWÜÁÄA¨¨˘AŌȢźAe[ĹŚéźĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAí˝ľ˝żA˘âŢçÉAuÍśßĚbĆżŞ¤źA¨ÜŚ˝żÍí˝ľ˝żĆęÉüéĆžÁ˝ĹÍȢŠAă\˝żđ˘˝çAĆŕÉŕŕ¤ĆžÁ˝ĹÍȢŠvĆžÁ˝BkÇąĚÉ¢Älă\˝żÍśČŠÁ˝ĚžŞA¨ÜŚÉŕbđľÄâéĆAťĚMŞÉ˘˝ĚŞu^vžB
\\ Oho.áfilaanaâ. Oho.
Ayyo.
Ah, so-and-so. I see.
Au^všËB BČéŮÇB
A) áfilaanaâ.
So-and-so.
u^vB
\\ áfilaanaâ*.
So-and-so. * [Says his fatherfs name]
u^v*kĚźđž¤lB
A) Ayyo,
áfilaanaâ. To, ga ti ir yenga din de ir sawa, in d'ey
i ye ka car gana, i ne sohoŋ ya-hare ga n ir kaŋ go Tilabeeri, borey, : áIr ma kabu Teera meytaraâ, ir mey ne : áIr si hun
Tilabeeri, ir si hun Gaarokoyre ka koy kabu Teeraâ. Wo ir si
a te. Amma borey kaŋ fatta, ka ne gey si kab Fuliyande gungo din, kaagey ce-yow
de yoŋ no.
So-and-so. Thatfs right. Now, we fought like that and settled. But
when we were about to move, they said to us, who were in Tilabeeri, eWe should
register our residency in the district of Tera.f We said, eWe are not going to
leave Tilabeeri. We are not going to leave Gaarokoyre and count the harvest in
Tera.f We donft do such a thing. But those who decided not to count the harvest
in Fuliyande and left, their ancestors simply came here on foot.
u^vAťĚƨčBłÄAť¤˘¤Ó¤Éí˝ľ˝żÍ˘đľA
đÂŻ˝ĚžŞAí˝ľ˝żĆŢçŞÚZˇéiÉČéĆAeBx[ɢéí˝ľ˝żÉÎľAŢçÍue[ĚsćŞĹZŻo^ľć¤vĆž˘žľ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAueBx[đŁęȢAí˝ľ˝żÍK[RCđŁęe[ŌȢvĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍťńȹƾȢ̞BžŞAtAfĹŚ¸oĢÁ˝ŇÍƢ¤ĆAc檍ĚqɡŹČ˘ĚžB
\\ Kaagey
ce...
Their ancestors came on foot . . .
c檍cB
A) Oho.
I naŋ ka de, i ka, i ka k ir go, ir jine borey gar. Han din mo borey ga ba
boro. Ni di? Gen d'ey kaayey lamba car ga. : áLabo wo go.
Naŋ kaŋ ni ga ba kul ma goro. Boro kul si kamkamâ. Ya-din ga
i ka ka di, ne i si kaan gey se, i ye ngey asilo ga. In ne : áIr wey bine, ir si hun Fuliyande. Gaarokoyre
wo, kal de ir bu a ra, ya-din ga ir kaayi wo ga ka Gaarokoyre sintin. Boro kul
kaŋ ka, naŋ ka ka a gar. Ni bine ni ga korom, ni ga zuru ma fatta. Amma ir wey
kal de ir bu a ra. Ir si fattaâ. Oho. Amma
borey kaŋ zuru ka fatta din kul, kaayi naŋ ka de, da cowey. I ka ka goro. In da
dumo kaayi hiiji ka hay calla. Ni di wala?
Right. They just came. They just came where we had been and met our
ancestors. All right? People liked other people in those days. They and our
ancestors came together. eLand is everywhere. Live wherever you like. You donft
need to complain that itfs too hard.f Well, dissatisfaction gradually grew in
them. They went back to how they originally felt. We said, eWe are not going to
leave Fuliyande. We are going to die in Gaarokoyre. Our ancestor founded
Gaarokoyre. Those who came later all met him [the ancestor]. You? You just
leave it and run away because itfs too hot. But we are not going to leave here
until we die.f Hmm. But as for those who ran away, their ancestors came on
foot. They settled here. Our ancestors and their ancestors in the two dumis
married each other. You understand?
¤ŢBŢçÍ˝žâÁÄÄAí˝ľ˝żŞ˘éĆąëÉ˝žâÁÄÄAí˝ľ˝żĚćăĆoďÁ˝B˘˘ËBlÍlđDŤžÁ˝BŢçĆí˝ľĚcćÍdČč Á˝BuynÍ éBDŤČĆąëÉZŢŞ˘˘BŤÂ˘ČÇƢ¤ąĆÍȢvBÂÜčAŢçÍľž˘ÉąąÉsđ¨ÚŚéć¤ÉČÁ˝ĚžAŢçÍťĚNšÉßÁ˝ĚžBí˝ľ˝żÍžÁ˝BuąĚí˝ľ˝żÍAtAfđŁęȢBąąK[RCĹĘBÂÜčí˝ľ˝żĚcćŞK[RCđnÝľ˝ĚžBăŠçâÁÄ˝ŇÍÝČAŢkcćlĆoďÁ˝B¨ÜŚÍƢ¤ĆA¨ÜŚÍ꾢ĆA٤螾ȰĢBžŞąĚí˝ľ˝żÍĘÜĹŁęȢvB¤ŢBƹ몌°oľ˝ŇÍƢ¤ĆAcćÍŤĹ˝žŻžBŢçÍZÝ
˘˝Bí˝ľ˝żĆŢçĚhD~ĚcćÍAĽľ Á˝BíŠéŠËB
\\ Ay
diy'a. To, amma Wo kaŋ ay man faham ga ti, sanga pala, sanga Kokor borey ka...,
sanga Kunce, Kunce ka ne borey se, e, Gurma borey, e, borey kaŋ kab Tilabeeri
ra, amma boro kaŋ go Gurma, ikul ma koy, ikkul ma gana ka koy Gungo ra. Wo-wo
ke Kunce waate de no.
I see. But there is still something Ifm not sure about. So the
farmland, well, the people of Kokor . . . , I mean, Kountche, Kountche told
people on the west bank that those who are counting the harvest in Tilabeeri
but live in the west bank need to all move to the west bank, right? This is
during Kountchefs reign, correct?
íŠčÜľ˝BłÄAľŠľÜžđĹŤÄȢąĆŞ éńšŞAƢ¤ĚŕlČćAŚŚĆRRĚlŃĆcAžŠçN`FAN`FŞlŃĆÉAźÝĚlŃĆÉAeBx[ŌĢéŻęÇŕźÝɢélÔÍAÝČźÝÉÚZľëĆžÁ˝ńšćËBąęÍN`F úšćËB
A) Kunce
waate no. Oho.
During Kountchefs reign. Thatfs right.
N`F úžB¤ŢB
\\ To,
wo-din banda, pala karyoŋ go no. Pala karyoŋo wo ke bi fo de, a si ga mooru.
To, de pala karyoŋo banda no sohoŋ ciito tun, ciito tun banda no, e, Gurma here
borey, i na koyra singi kaŋ ti Isubu yoŋ. Wal manti ya-din no?
Now, farmland was irrigated after that. The establishment of the irrigated
farmland happened only recently, and not a long time ago. Then after the
farmland was irrigated, a dispute broke out. After the dispute broke out, the
people on the west bank, I mean, Isbou and his people founded a village. Is
that right?
łÄAťĚ ĆĹAAHAŞÝłę˝BAHAÝÍ¢ĹßĚąĆĹAťęŮÇĚĹÍȢBłÄAťĚAHAÝăÉWިŤ˝AWިŤ˝ăÉAźÝĚlŃĆAÂÜčCXu[6]˝żÍşđnÝľ˝Bť¤ĹˇćËB
A) Hun.
Hmm.
ÓńB
\\ To,
ya-din ga. Kunce ka ne i ma gana. De i gana. Waato din wo ke ciito man tun hay
kul. Wala? Wala ciito tun?
Now, that means Kountche said to move, so they moved. By that time,
the dispute hadnft broken out, right? Or had it?
łÄAƢ¤ąĆÍBN`FŞÚZľëĆžÁ˝BŢçÍÚZľ˝BťĚĆŤÍWÍÜž¨ŤÄČŠÁ˝Bť¤ĹˇćËBťęĆ਍Ģ˝ńšŠB
A) Kunce
man ne i ma gana.
Kountche didnft tell them to move.
N`FÍÚZľëĆžíČŠÁ˝B
\\ Hun.
Hm.
ÓńB
A) Kunce
man ne i ma gana ley!
Kountche didnft tell them to move at all.
N`FÍÚZľëĆÍÜÁ˝žíČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ayyo.
Is that so?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
A) A
man ne kal : áNoŋ kul kaŋ kaan ni se, kul ni ma
goroâ.
He said, eLive wherever you like.f
uŤ˘ĆąëÉZÝČł˘vĆžÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha
ha. Ayyo.
Oh, okay.
Í AÍ Bť¤ĹˇŠB
A) Non
kul kaŋ de nan d i ne ma kaan ni se, kul ma goro. Da bonkoyno ne ni si hun ga
tiiraa ra, danga kaŋ ga Looga si yedda, ga ga ne bonkoyno se a ma feynd'ey. áMa koy zumb noŋ kul kaŋ kaan, bonkoyni kaŋ ni
ma kul ma koy zumb ma goroâ.
He said, eLive wherever you like.f He said that even if the chief
said not to go outside of the paper—for example, even if Loogafs chief didnft
approve—people should follow what they want. eMove wherever you like. Move and
live under a chief you approve.f
uŤ˘ĆąëÉZÝČł˘vĆžÁ˝BńˇÍŠçoéČĆžÁÄŕA˝ĆŚÎ[KŞłřľČÄŕAńˇÉ٤ÁĨŻĆžÁ˝ĚžBuŤ˘ĆąëÉÚčČł˘ADŤČńˇĚĆąëÉÚčZÝČł˘vB
\\ Ayyo.
Oh yeah?
ť¤ČńšŠB
A) Isubu
yoŋ man koyra sintin. Isubu wo bi fo da no ir wey ka dey ir na keyandi.
Isbou and his people hadnft founded the village yet. When it comes to Isbou, we made him the
leader recently.
CXu˝żÍşđnnľÄ˘ČŠÁ˝BCXuÍ¢ĹßAí˝ľ˝żŞ§˝š˝B
\\ Huun.
War no ka keyandi.
I see. You made him the leader.
Ó¤ńB Č˝˝żŞ§˝š˝B
A) Ir
ka keyandi. Yenga din ir ka te. To, waato kaŋ i ban ga nda nga jama ir ma ngey
gana ka kabu Gurma, i ne sohoŋ, Isubu din, a ma gey gen d'ey ma te me fo, sohoŋ
ya-din ga i n ir hã, in ne ir si hun ir dogo ra Hal ir ga te bonkoyni,
Gaarokoyre ga ti ir bonkoyni, ir bine ir si hun Gaarokoyre ka koy Kokor. Isubu
wo Teera ma gana, ir si te ya-din. To, shoŋ ga ti Isubu wey ka, i ne a ma te
ngey se jine boro. Bi fo da Isubu * se jiiri taaci wal ihink. Manti ay ga ka
koyra sintin.
We made him the leader. We had the dispute. Now, when that was done,
he and his people [told us to] follow them and resister our residency on the
west bank. I.K. and others then tried to reach a consensus with us. They also
asked us what we wanted to do, but we said we would not leave our home. If we
are to decide on a chief, Gaarokoyre is our chief. We are not going to leave
Gaarokoyre to live in Kokor. Now, Isbou joined Tera, but we didnft. Then Isbou
and his people came and said we should make him the headman. Because of that,
Isbou recently* [inaudible] became the chief, but itfs been only four or two
years. Who else could you say founded the village if it wasnft me?
í˝ľ˝żŞ§˝š˝ĚžB˘đľ˝ĚÍAí˝ľ˝żžBłÄAťęŞIíÁ˝ĆŤÉAŢĆťĚęcÍAí˝ľ˝żŞŢçÉ]˘źÝĹŚëkĆžÁ˝lAŢçAI.K˝żÍAťęŠçžÁ˝AÓŠđĐĆÂÉľć¤Ćľ˝AťęŠçí˝ľ˝żÉླྀ˽̞ŞAí˝ľ˝żÍí˝ľ˝żĚęđŁęȢƞÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żŞńˇđÂë¤ĆŕAK[RCŞí˝ľ˝żĚńˇžAí˝ľ˝żÍK[RCđŁęÄRRÉÍsŠČ˘BłÄACXuÍAe[ĚźÉ]Á˝ĚžŞAí˝ľ˝żÍť¤ľČŠÁ˝BłÄťĚăCXu˝żŞâÁÄÄAŢđŢçĚOĚlÉľć¤ĆžÁ˝BťĚ¨Š°Ĺ¢ĹßCXuŞ*kˇŤĆčsÂ\lńˇÉČÁ˝íŻžŞAťęŠç4N é˘Í2NľŠ˝ÁĢȢBí˝ľŞşđnnľ˝ĚĹÍČÄČńžë¤B
\\ Oho.
Ya-din de no.
Youfre right.
ŚŚBť¤ĹˇËB
A) Bi
fo da no.
Only recently.
¢ĹßžB
\\ Wo-wo
ke ni no ka gaakasiney a se?
You helped him.
Č˝ŞŢđŻ˝íŻĹˇËB
A) Oho.
In d'ey celey. K.S. wo kaŋ bu kaŋ ni ga ma, Da Suley yoŋ din, da B.A, o, B.A.
wo si ir bande, ayyo amma Suley g ir yenga din ra, Mahamadu g ir yenga din ra,
Ir yenga borey ga ba da, Suley yoŋ, ir borey ga ba kaŋ go Gurmaa wo, amma
Tilabeeri boro da ti ir. Amma jerey i naŋ ka ka huro ir ra ka lamba. Windo wo
borey, gey ti Isubu borey, Teera borey no. Teera no i jan..., i ga kabu, i
jangar ga koy. Amma ir wono Tilabeeri no. Ha kul kaŋ hun Teera ma ga, ir wey ir
si lamba a ga. Danga kaŋ Teera wo, gey ma ga no gomuni kul ga ka.
Right. We and our friends. The late K.S., whom you knew as well,
Sourey and his people, and B.A. Wait, B.A. wasnft there. But Sourey and his
people and we all fought together. Mahamadou was there, too. We had a lot of
people on our side in the dispute. For example, Sourey was our family in the
west bank, but we were the people of Tilabeeri. But the rest of them joined us
later. The guys in that house, Isbou and his guys belong to Tera. They have
their residency in Tera and pay taxes there. But we belong to Tilabeeri. If
anything is done under the name of Tera, we stay away. For example in Tera,
that name brings them all sorts of assistance.
¤ŢBí˝ľ˝żĆťĚÔžB¨ÜŚŕmÁĢéńžK.S.[7]AťęĆXC[8]˝żAťęÉB.A.[9]A˘âB.A.͢ȊÁ˝ČAť¤žŞXC˝żÍí˝ľ˝żĆĆŕÉÁ˝ĚžA}n}hD[10]ŕ˘ĚȊɢ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĆĆŕÉÁ˝ŇÍ娢˝A˝ĆŚÎXC[11]ÍźÝɢ˝í˝ľ˝żĚgྪAľŠľeBx[ĚlÔÍí˝ľ˝żžÁ˝BľŠľĚąčĚAÍAăŠçÁíÁÄAí˝ľ˝żÉdČÁ˝BťąĚŽ~ĚAACXuÍAe[ĚlÔžBe[ĹŚA[žĢéBľŠľí˝ľ˝żÍeBx[žBe[̟ɨ˘ÄČłęé¨ÉAąĚí˝ľ˝żÍÁíçȢB˝ĆŚÎe[ĹÍAťĚźÉ¨˘Ä çäéŞéB
kăŞl
[Later part omitted]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
A) To,
wo, ay senno wo go, ma si a ciiney. Naŋ ga ne ay ka ne.
Hmm. Do not keep what Ifve told you a secret. Tell people that I
told you all this.
¤ŢAí˝ľĚąĚbÍAé§ÉľÄ¨ŠČ˘ć¤ÉBí˝ľŞžÁ˝Ćž˘Čł˘B
\\ Huhun.
Okay.
ÓńAÓńB
A) Oho.
Naŋ ga ne ay ka ne.
Right. Tell them I said all this.
¤ŢBí˝ľŞžÁ˝Ć˘˘Čł˘B
\\ To,
ayyo.
All right. I got it.
ŚŚAíŠčÜľ˝B
A) Ni
faham. Wo boŋ ay wo ga deede ni se. Ay si hambur boro kul.
You understand? About all this, I told you. Ifm not afraid of
anyone.
íŠéËBąĚąĆÉ¢ÄÍAąĚí˝ľŞ¨ÜŚÉęÁ˝ĚžBí˝ľÍNŕ°ęȢB
\\ Ayyo.
I understand.
íŠčÜľ˝B
A) Ay
si ciiney kul.
Right. I got it.
í˝ľÍ˝ŕé§ÉľČ˘B
\\ Oho,
to, ay faham.
͢AŚŚAíŠčÜľ˝B
A) Ni
di, ya da hero go da. Heri kul kaŋ bumbey duw'a. Amma ir wey here wo, hal ir du
heri, ir Tilabeeri, ir si a waani-waani ka ne gey Teera a si duw'a ra, ka ne za
i si ir tiira ra, i tiira ra i go. Ir borey no kaŋ fere ka hun ir ga ka ka ka
kabu amiiru Kokor bande.Oho, ir jamaa da no, k i tun ka dira, i ne kal ba koyra
a naŋ ga sey. Ir wone koyra wo, hu, hu, Gaarokoyre wo a ma hasara. Gey dungey,
alfukaarey gey ma ka, gey ma ka ka dunguri ma wo. Gey ma gey bora di, gey ma a
keyandi. Gey bonkoyno ne, ga ti ni ga di Isubu.
You see? Thatfs how it is. [The chief of Saaba-Tera] makes
everything his own. But us, we Tilabeeri donft distinguish when we get things.
We donft say, eTera isnft going to get anything because theyfre not on our
paper, and theyfre only on their paper.f Yes, they left us and registered their
residency under the chief of Kokor, but they are our family. Right. They are
part of us, those who left, saying they didnft care if the village was to
disintegrate. [They left, saying they didnft care] even if our Gaarokoyre would
be lost because of their action. eCome, poor people. Come and have some
cowpeas. Find your family. Make him the leader. The chief is right here.f You
know, Isbou.
íŠéŠËAť¤˘¤ŕĚžBkT[oEe[şˇÍlˇ×ÄđŠŞĚŕĚɾľܤ̞BľŠľąĚí˝ľ˝żĚ¤Ć˘ŚÎAí˝ľ˝żeBx[ÍA¨đŚ˝ĆľÄŕćʾȢAe[Íí˝ľ˝żĚĚȊɢČÄAŢçĚĚȊɢéɢéĚžŠçAŚçęȢĆÍžíȢBí˝ľ˝żŠçŁęARRĚńˇĚăëĹŚéć¤ÉČÁ˝Ć͢ŚAŢçÍí˝ľ˝żĚgŕČĚžŠçB¤ŢAí˝ľ˝żĚęőČĚžAşŞŞôľÄŕŠÜíȢƞÁÄoĢÁ˝ĚÍBkŢçÍlí˝ľ˝żĚŕĚĹ éąĚşAK[RCŞťęĹšČíęÄľÜÁÄŕkŠÜíȢƞÁÄoĢÁ˝lBnŇćČł˘AÄTTQđĄí˘Čł˘AgŕđŠ܌ȳ˘AŢ𧽚ȳ˘AńˇÍąąÉ˘éAÂÜčCXužB
Ir
mey ne k ir koyra sey, ir wey koyra, za ir kaayi, ga hinne ka ka, a ka ka goro
de. Hal a du boro, kaŋ ka ka tontoŋ a ga, hal koyra ka ka te jama, borey ka ka
hiiji, i hay. Ir bine, ir wey koyra wo ir si fatta a ra. Amma naŋ kaŋ boro a ga
ba, kul ma koy. Ya da ir go da. Ni faham.
As for us, we were here in our village when the village
disintegrated. Our ancestor, only he came and started living here. Eventually
he obtained people, more people joined, and the village got bigger. People came
to get married, and they had children. We? We donft leave this village. But if
you want to leave, go ahead and leave. Thatfs how we do it. You understand?
í˝ľ˝żŠgÍAşŞŞôľ˝ĆŤŕAąąÉAąĚí˝ľ˝żĚşÉ˘˝Bí˝ľ˝żĚcćAŢžŻŞâÁÄÄAZŢć¤ÉČÁ˝BâŞÄŢÍlđŚÄAťąÉ ç˝ČlŞÁíčAşÍĺŤČÁ˝AlŃĆŞĽľÉÄAqđYńžBí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAí˝ľ˝żĚąĚşđŁęȢBžŞsŤ˝˘ŇÍAsŻÎć˘Bí˝ľ˝żÍťĚć¤ÉľÄ˘éĚžBíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham. Ni wo ni si ba ni ma koy no-din no. Ne da de.
I see. So you, you donft want to go over there. This is the only
place for you.
íŠčÜľ˝B Č˝ÍƢ¤ĆA żçÉsŤ˝Č˘ńšËBąąžŻČńšËB
A) Ne
de.
This is the only place.
ąąžŻžB
\\ Ne
Tilabeeri here.
Here, on the Tilabeeri side.
ąąeBx[¤B
A) Tilabeeri.
Ha kul sey ka Gaarokoyre, ir wey ir kaayi wo, ga ka koyra singi. Boro kul kaŋ
ka naŋ ka ka, naŋ ka ka lamba a ga. Ya-din ga ir wey kaayi kaŋ naŋ koyra singi,
ir ga fatta a ra? Amma bora kaŋ kokor ka ka din, hal ni di nango koroŋ ni ga,
ni ga fatta. Zama da bonkoynitarey no, da ni go a ra, ni si duw'a. Ni di?
We will stay in Tilabeeri even if Gaarokoyre was to disintegrate.
Our, our ancestors, they founded the village. All people came to the village
and joined them. So if our ancestors are the ones who founded the village, why
would we leave? But those who come later, [for example] you, leave when itfs
too hot. You leave for the chief status. Even if you stay here, you canft get
it. Got that?
eBx[B˝ĆŚK[RCŞŞôľÄŕBąĚí˝ľ˝żĚAí˝ľ˝żĚcćAŢ窺đnÝľ˝Bˇ×ÄĚlŃĆÍťąÉâÁÄÄAťąÉÁíÁ˝BžŠçAí˝ľ˝żĚcćąťŞşđnÝľ˝ĚžŠçAí˝ľ˝żŞoÄ˘Š˘BľŠľăŠçâÁÄ˝ŇAk˝ĆŚÎl¨ÜŚÍČéĆoĢBČşŠĆ˘ŚÎńˇĘ̽ߞA¨ÜŚÍ˘˝ĆľÄŕAťęđŚçęȢB˘˘ËB
Ir
mey bine, ir koyra, ir wone koyra ra. Da bonkoyno wo bu, da ni gonda fondo ni
ga koy ma ceeci d ir k i naŋ no . Ni faham. Boro wo kaŋ ni bey a go, ay winda
ka cer di. Ir k ir wo te, a bisa i boro. Irkoy ne fuula samba n daŋ kaba ra.
Zama ay wo baaba, ga no ma te baabo se beere. Ni faham. Ya da koyra go da.
We stay here in our village, the village that belongs to us. If the
current chief dies and if there is a way, you will seek the status. You see?
The person who is in the position [the chief of Saaba-Tera], the one you also
know, came to my house and we helped him. But now he is more powerful than the
rest of the family. Itfs Godfs will. God said to give the chief status in his
hands. Thatfs because my father, he is the elder brother of the father [of the
chief of Saaba-Tera]. You understand? Thatfs how the village works.
í˝ľ˝żĆ˘ŚÎAí˝ľ˝żĚşAí˝ľ˝żĚŕĚĹ éşÉ˘éBĄĚńˇŞńĹAྨ܌ÉűrŞ éĚČçA¨ÜŚÍťęđŕĆßéĚžBíŠéËB¨ÜŚŕmÁĢ靹ɢéŇkT[oEe[şˇlÍAí˝ľĚŽ~ÉWÜčAąĚí˝ľ˝żŞť¤ľÄâÁ˝ĚÉA˘ÜâťĚgŕđzŚÄ˘éB_ިÁľáÁ˝ĚžAńˇĘđćÁÄAčÉu˘ÄâęAĆBČşČçąĚí˝ľĚAŢÍkT[oEe[şˇlĚĚZžŠçžBíŠéŠËBşÍąĚć¤É éĚžB
\\ Huun.
I see.
Ó¤ńB
A) Amma
ay ga deede ni se, borey wey kaŋ gey mey ni bande wo, i si ha kul bey. I si.
But I will tell you. Those guys behind you, they donft know
anything. They donft know anything.
ľŠľí˝ľÍ¨ÜŚÉęÁÄâë¤A¨ÜŚĚăëɢéŇÍƢ¤ĆAŢçÍ˝ŠŕmçȢBmçȢB
\\ I
si.
They donft know anything.
mçȢB
A) I
si.
Anything.
mçȢB
\\ Ley!
Anything at all.
ÜÁ˝B
A) Zama,
ir kaŋ ni di, boro kaŋ ni ga wo, ciiney ga har ni se, gey kaayey,cowey de d i
ka.
Because let me tell you a secret about those guys behind you. Their
ancestors only came on foot.
ČşČçAąĚí˝ľ˝żÍA¨ÜŚĆĆŕɢélÔÉ¢ÄŕĹbľÄâë¤AťĚcćÍŤžŻĹ˝ĚžB
\\ Huhun.
I see.
ÓŢÓŢB
A) Oho.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ Cowey
de d i ka.
They only came on foot.
ŤžŻĹ˝B
A) Cowey
de d i ka.
They only came on foot.
ŤžŻĹ˝B
\\ Huhun.
I see.
ÓŢÓŢB
A) Guraawa
wo, i asilo, manti kal de hendi...
Gouraawa is, its origin is there . . .
O[Ƣ¤ĚÍAťĚNšÍA ÁżĚcB
\\ Yuuni-boro?
You mean, Yuuni Boro?
[jE{šŠB
A) Yuuni-borey
din. I man jin ka goro kal hendi, Saakoyre ganda koyra fo kaŋ si i ga ne...,
koyra ma faara. No-din i kaayi jin ka goro. I tun koyra din ra, i ka ka huro ir
koyra ra. Zama i sinda naŋ k i ga, i sinda labu k i ga goy. Yuuni-borey din. I
ka ka goro Fuliyande. Ir kaayi wo n i no labo, i ka ka zumbu. I gana ka koy
gura hendi Deesa. Deesa mo ga no n ir dabari, ga mo ne i noguriya de, a ne i ma
koy zumb a ga. Belley ne i si goro no zaati. I ne i ma fend'ey. Ga ti Guraawa
din, i ka, i na gey gora te, hal hoŋo i ka ka te jama. Ni di wala?
Right, Yuuni borey. They were originally there, in the village south
of Saakoyre. I forget the name. Their ancestors originally lived there. They
left there and came to our village. This is because they didnft have, they
didnft have land to work in. Yuuni borey moved to Fuliyande. Our very ancestors
gave them land, and because of that, they settled here. They went all the way
to Dessa Island. Dessa was controlling us at that time. He also told them [to
go] there, to move there. Bella said they would not actually settle there so we
should just leave them alone. Thatfs Gouraawa. They came here, settled, and
came to power these days. All right?
ťĚ[jE{CBŢçÍAťŕťŕ ťąAT[RCĚşÉ éşAźOđYęÄľÜÁ˝ćBŢçĚcćÍŕĆŕĆťąÉZńŢ˝BťąđoÄAí˝ľ˝żĚşÉüÁÄ˝BČşČçAŢçÍŕ˝ČŠÁ˝AŠŞ˝żŞynđŕ˝ČŠÁ˝ŠçžBťĚ[jE{CÍBtAfÉÚZľÄ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĚcćąťŞŢçÉynđ^ŚAťęĹŢçÍčZľ˝BŢçÍ ÁżĚf[TÜĹsÁ˝Bf[TÍƢ¤ĆAí˝ľ˝żđw}ľÄ˘˝íŻžŞAŢŕťĚęÉksŻlĆžÁ˝AťąÉÚęĆžÁ˝BxbÍŢ窜Áł˘ÉÍčZľČ˘žë¤ĆžÁ˝B٤ÁĨą¤ĆžÁ˝BťęŞO[žAŢçÍÄAčZľAĄú¨Íđȡć¤ÉČÁ˝B˘˘ËB
\\ Ay
diy'a.
I see.
íŠčÜľ˝B
A) Ni
faham.
You got it?
íŠÁ˝ËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I got it.
íŠčÜľ˝B
A) Gey
ar, ar taaci de no. Gey ga ka ka hay hal...
Those guys, itfs only four guys. They came and had children . . .
ťĚjAj4lžŻžBŢçŞâÁÄÄqđYÝcB
\\ Ar
taaci hinne?
Only four guys?
j4lžŻĹˇŠB
A) Ar
taaci hinne.
Only four guys.
j4lžŻB
\\ May
da may da may?
Who were those guys?
NĆANĆANĆANšŠB
A) I
si ne kala, wo, Surgo. Surgo Dullaahi.
They were Sourgo. Sourgo Dullahi.
ťęÍAXSBXSEhDb[q[12]B
\\ Huhun.
Surgo Dullaahi. Ayyo.
All right. Sourgo Dullahi. I see.
ÓŢÓŢBXSEhDb[qBČéŮÇB
A) I
ma ne, Koobaaba.
Kobaaba, too.
R[o[o[13]ŕB
\\ Hahan.
Koobaaba. Oho, Yuuni-boro.
Oh, Kobaaba. Right. Yuuni borey.
AR[o[oB¤ńA[jE{CB
A) Yuuni-borey.
Oho. To. Ni di wala?
Yuuni
borey. Right. Understand?
[jE{CB¤ŢBíŠÁ˝ŠËB
\\ Huhun.
I
see.
ÓńÓńB
A) To,
Surgo Dullaahi gorokasino, kaŋ i si ga ne kal Minta
¤ŢAXSEhDb[qĚşľAŢđ~^ĆžÁ˝B
Hmm. The wife of Sourgo Dullahi was Minta.
\\ Minta
Koobaaba.
Minta
Kobaaba.
~^ER[o[oB
A) Minta
Koobaaba. Koobaaba, wo, weyma no ya. A weyma no ya. Oho. Abdu. Abdu Koobaaba
weyma no ya. Ikkul Koobaaba izey no, Minta Koobaaba, Abdu Koobaaba. Sumeyru
Koobaaba. Sumeyru Koobaaba wo ga haama ti M.M. wo kaŋ wan d'ey go car bande. Ni
faham.
Minta
Kobaaba, Kobaabafs sister. His sister. Right. Abdu, Abdu Kobaabafs sister. They
are all Kobaabafs children. Minta Kobaaba, Abdu Kobaaba, and Soumair Kobaaba.
One of the descendants of this Soumair Kobaaba is M.M., the guy you are with.
You see?
~^ER[o[oBR[o[oĚo
žBťĚo
žB¤ŢBAuhDBAuhDER[o[o[14]Ěo
žBÝČR[o[oĚqžA~^ER[o[oAAuhDER[o[oBXCER[o[o[15]BąĚXCER[o[o[ĚqˇŞA¨ÜŚ˝żŞęɢéM.M.[16]žBíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham ya.
Yes,
I do.
íŠčÜľ˝ĆŕB
A) I
ka ka goro. Abdu Koobaaba wo kaŋ a ka tubey ti borey kaŋ cindi din kaŋ ni ga
di, kul izey no. Oho. Tubey izey no, ga ti ariizo. I hun Saayeni. Saayeni i hun
ka ka zumb Guraawa. Saayeni. No ti i koyra. No-din i naŋ gana kokor bande biya
ka tun no i ka ka huro ir koyra. Ni faham.
They moved here. The rest [of those in the Gouraawa settlement] you
know are descedants of the nephew and the niece of this Abdu Kobaaba. Hmm. The
nephew and the niece. They are the male descendants. They came from Sayani.
They left Sayani and moved to Graawa. Sayani. Thatfs their village. They left
there, migrated, and came to our village. You see?
ÚZľÄ˝B¨ÜŚŕmÁĢéĚąčˇ×ÄĚkO[WĚlŇÍAąĚAuhDER[o[oĚICĆCĚqˇžB¤ŢBICĆCAťęŞjĚqˇBT[BGjŠç˝BT[BGjđŁęAO[ÉÚÁÄŤ˝BT[BGjBťąŞŢçĚşžBăŠçťąđÁÄAÚZľAí˝ľ˝żĚşÉüÁÄ˝BíŠéËB
\\ Huhun.
I
see.
ÓńÓńB
A) To,
Bonkajerey mey kaŋ ni ga ma i ga ne-wo, gey mey kokor banda i tun hendi
Gurzugey. I tun Guruzugey, i ka ne, i ka ka huro ir se, i huro ir koyra ra. Ir
kaaga wo a n i kabu. In d'ey ka ka goro. Hala dumb ka ka hiiji ka hay calla,
hoŋo dumo kul huro calla. Ni di?
As
for Bonkajerey, whom you know are here, they came later all the way from
Gourouzgey. They left Gourouzgey, came here, and joined us. They joined our
village. Our ancestors let them live here. We and they started living together.
They came, married to our people, and now our dumis are mixed. You got that?
¤ŢA¨ÜŚŕąąÉ˘éąĆđmÁĢé{JWFCÍƢ¤ĆAŢçÍăŠçAOYQCŠçâÁĽ̞BOYQCđoÄAąąÉÄAí˝ľ˝żĚČŠÉüÁ˝Aí˝ľ˝żĚşĚČŠÉüÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĚcćŞŢçđŚ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĆŢçÍĆŕÉZŢć¤ÉČÁ˝B§żüÁÄŤÄĽľ ˘AĄâhD~ÍŹ´ÁĢéB˘˘ËB
\\ Huhun.
I
see.
ÓńÓńB
A) Oho.
I hiiji ir jine borey ra, i hay i ga. Ni di? Ir borey mey kaŋ tun jerey hiiji,
izey, i hay i ga. Hoŋo in d'ey ka, ir ka ka huro calla. Amma d ni ka ka hã
ya-cine i ga, boro kul ne i asilo cowo ga. Ni di wala?
Mm.
They married our ancestors and had children. All right? Some of our ancestors
got married and had children as well. Now we and they, we are mixed. But if you
ask anyone about them, they will say they came later on foot. Do you
understand?
¤ŢBí˝ľ˝żĚc潿ĚČŠĹĽľAqđYńžB˘˘ËBí˝ľ˝żĚgŕŕAꪼľAqđYńžBĄâí˝ľ˝żĆŢçÍAí˝ľ˝żÍAŹ´č ÁĢéBľŠľą¤ľÄŢçÉ¢Ľ¸ËÄÝęÎAťĚNšÍŤÉ éĆÝČŞž¤BíŠéËB
\\ Ay
diy'a.
I
understand.
íŠčÜľ˝B
A) Oho.
Amma ir wey koyra. Ir F..., Gaarokoyre wo, Gaarokoyre wo hal ni ga ba fahama
noŋ kul kaŋ ni hã, ni koy huwey do, d i naŋ na hã, koyra fo da n goro
Gaarokoyre d ir daŋ. Annasaarey meytara wo ra, batumo noŋ kul kaŋ naŋ tiira ka
tarey, i ne Gaarokoyre, kul i ga ne i se Wogey fa. Zama Gaarokoyre wo ma ga hal
Fulansi I si a tuusu. Ni di?
Right.
But this village of ours. About our Fu-, this Gaarokoyre. If you want answers
to your questions, go home, and if people ask you what village you stayed at,
[tell them] itfs this Gaarokoyre. Under the rule of whites, every place is
spelled out on paper. According to whites, Gaarokoyre is a village of Wogos
because there is another Gaarokoyre in France. They wouldnft erase that one.
You understand?
¤ŢBľŠľí˝ľ˝żĚąĚşÍBí˝ľ˝żĚtcAąĚK[RCÉ¢ĞBྨ܌Ş^âÉvÁĢéąĆđ𾽢ĚČçA¨ÜŚŞĆÉAčAlŞ¨ÜŚÉÇńČşÉZńžĚŠĆ˝¸Ë˝çAí˝ľ˝żĚ˘éK[RCžkĆŚČł˘lBąĚlĚxzĚČŠĹÍA çäéęÍÉŠęÄ\šżÉłęéAK[RCÍƢ¤ĆAAÍŢçÉEHSšćAƢÁĢéBČşČçąąK[RCĚźÍtXÉŕ éŠçžBťęđÁť¤ĆľČ˘BíŠéËB
\\ Huhun.
Huh.
ÓńÓńB
A) To,
ha kaŋ cindi wo kul koyra ma koyra jine de no. Ga ti ni ga di borey wey kaŋ ni
huwo, ni di, i go car bande, jerey din, i go de. Amma manti Wogey ga warga.
Sanga ni bey kaŋ ciiney ga muraadu feeri. Oho.
Hmm. In all the other villages, there is only a name of the one who
came to the village first. But in your home . . . You see? Some of those who
are here [in this village] are just here. It doesnft mean Wogos are prosperous.
This kind of secret conversation resolves issues. Hmm.
¤ŢAŮŠĚşˇ×ÄÉ¢ÄÍAşÉćÉ˝ŇĚźOžŻŞ éƢ¤ĚÉžBťęŞA¨ÜŚĚĆĹÍƢ¤ĆcA˘˘ËAkąĚşĹlęɢéŇ̤żAęÍA˝ž˘éžŻžBľŠľEHSŞěŚÄ˘éíŻĹÍȢ̞BąĚć¤ÉAŕbŞâčđđˇéĚžćB¤ŢB
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
A) To,
guna ya da ir go. Amma ni wo yow ti ni. Kaŋ ni ka ni si gorey bey, ni ka de
koyra ra. Ayyo. Kaŋ ti Suley yoŋ wey, kaŋ ni di wan d'ey go, gey dey ti ir
borey kaŋ ni ga bey. Zama yow wo, nongo k i na a kubey d a goro. Manti ya-din.
Right.
Listen. Thatfs how we do it. But you, you are our guest. When you came, you
didnft come to live here. You just came to visit the village. Sourey and other
guys, who are with you, were the only family of ours you knew. This is because
guests stay wherever they have been welcomed. Am I right?
¤ŢA˘˘ŠËAí˝ľ˝żÍťĚć¤ÉľÄ˘éĚžBľŠľA¨ÜŚÉ¢ÄÍƢ¤ĆA¨ÜŚÍqlžB¨ÜŚŞ˝ĆŤA¨ÜŚÍZńŢ˝íŻĹÍČA˝žşÉ˝B¨ÜŚ˝żĆęɢé ĚXC˝żAŢçžŻŞ¨ÜŚŞmÁĢéí˝ľ˝żĚgŕžÁ˝BqlƢ¤ĚÍAo}Śçę˝ĆąëÉZŢŕĚžŠçžBť¤žë¤B
\\ Ya-din
de no.
Thatfs
true.
ť¤ĹˇB
A) Ir
Zarma ciino ra. Oho. Sohoŋ waato kaŋ ni ka, hal i man ni kubey, manti ni goro.
Ni bey ni ga bisa.
In Zarma, [this is what we say]. Hmm. For example, when you came, if
we hadnft welcomed you, you wouldnft have stayed here. Thatfs what we say in
Zarma. You see? You would have passed us by.
U}ęĹÍką¤ž¤lB¤ŢB˝ĆŚÎ¨ÜŚŞâÁĽƍAྨ܌đ}ŚÄ˘ČŠÁ˝Ćľ˝çA¨ÜŚÍZÜȢBU}ęĹÍą¤ž¤ĚžBíŠéËA¨ÜŚÍĘ衏ľܤžë¤B
\\ Huun.
Ay go.
Huh. Thatfs true.
Ó¤ńBť¤ĹˇB
A) To,
ánongo k i ga n kubeyâ, to, ir Zarma ciino ra, wo ti senni. Ni di?
Right. eWhere they welcome you.f Thatfs what we say in our language,
Zarma. All right?
ť¤Auo}ŚÄęéĆąëvA¤ŢAí˝ľ˝żĚU}ęĹÍą¤ž¤ĚžB˘˘ËB
\\ Huhun.
I
see.
ÓńÓńB
A) Oho.
Wo no ay ga n fahamandi nd'a. Amma da Irkoy te ni du baani, ni ye da n hangasi
kaŋ fo kaŋ dogo ra, ha kul kaŋ de naŋ ne, sohoŋ borey wey i si war se ga deede
ni se. Amma de a naŋ deede de. In d'ey i si calla. Zama nga wo k i na samb ka daŋ
jina, a naŋ ka ka bora kul fey fey fey fey fey fey ka ka waani. Kal de nga kal
ga borey. Kaayo man fuula mey, baabo man fuula mey, bumbo wo fuula mey, i dumo
man di ka te bonkoyni, i si de kal ir borey bande. Hoŋo a ka, bi fo da no i na
keyandi ya-cine, a huro yoŋo kul sohoŋ man to jiiri gu. A ga koy Teera, a ga ne
ya-cine, a ga ne ya-cine, hal hoŋo gan d'a Teera borey i ga ma, d ey du ga ka
se ne i ga kat'a i se. Ni di wala?
Hmm.
I helped you realize that. But even if God made you healthy and even if you got
yourself a wife here, those guys wouldnft tell you what Ifve told you. They
will just say things. We and they are not together. This is because he [the
chief of Saaba-Tera], who has been chosen as the headman, distinguishes between
himself and his family, and others. His grandfather did not have the status of
chief. His father did not have the status of chief either. He received the
status of chief. That dumi could not get the status of chief. They were under
our family. But it came today [they received the status of chief]. It happened
only recently. Itfs been less than five years since he became the chief. He
went to Tera and explained, eThis is whatfs happening. This is whatfs
happening,f and he became close to the people of Tera. He received the status
of chief with their help. Got it?
¤ŢBí˝ľÍ¨ÜŚÉť¤˘¤ąĆđíŠçš˝ĚžBľŠľAŕľ_Ş¨ÜŚđNɾĞłčA¨ÜŚŞťĚęĹşľđWÁ˝ĆľÄŕAťĚl˝żÍAí˝ľŞ¨ÜŚÉęÁ˝ąĆđAÜéŨ܌ÉęçȢB˝žę鞯žB í˝ľ˝żĆŢçÍĆŕÉ éíŻĹÍȢBČşČçAIÎęÄOÉuŠę˝ŢkT[oEe[şˇlÍƢ¤ĆAŢÍlđ×X×XĆćʡéBŠŞŠgĆťĚgŕđČOđBcÍńˇĘđLľČŠÁ˝AŕńˇĘđLľČŠÁ˝AŢŠgŞńˇĘđŚ˝B ĚhD~ÍńˇĘđŚçęČŠÁ˝Aí˝ľ˝żĚgŕĚăëɢ˝BĄúťęÍ˝kńˇĘđŚ˝lAľŠľÂ˘Ĺß§Á˝ĚžAŢŞńˇÉACľÄŠçÜž5Nŕ˝ÁĢȢBŢÍe[ÉsÁÄAą¤˘¤íŻČńšAą¤˘¤íŻČńšƞÁÄAť¤ľÄŢĆe[ĚlŃĆÍÇČčAŢÍťęÉŻçęÄAŢçŠçkńˇĘđlŕÁÄŤÄŕçÁ˝B˘˘ŠËB
kăŞl
[Later part omitted]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
\\ Senno
wo no ay ga ba ay ma ye ka hã ni se koyne. Ya-dinga jina, to, no-din
Saaba-Teera koyra singi yoŋ senno ra, jina ciito senno go no wala?
Ifd
like to ask you about that story one more time. So first of all, letfs see,
when you told me about the establishment of the village of Saaba-Tera, there
was a story about a trial, right?
ťĚbÉ¢ÄAŕ¤ęx¤ŠŞ˘˝˘ĚšBžŠçܸAŚŚĆAťÁżÉ éT[oEe[şnÝÉŠńˇé¨bĚČŠĹAܸٝĚbŞ čÜľ˝ćËB
A) Ciito
senno?
A
story about a trial.
ŮťĚbB
\\ Oho.
Sanga pala ciito senno.
Yes.
The story about a trial over farmland.
ŚŚBšŠçlČćđߎéŮťĚbB
A) Pala
ciito.
A
trial over farmland.
lČćĚŮťB
\\ Oho.
Pala ciito no ka tun...
Right.
There was a trial over farmland, and . . .
ŚŚBlČćđߎéŮťŞNŤÄcB
A) Wallaahi
ciito senno.
Wallahi,
the story about a trial.
b[qAŮťĚbB
\\ Wo
ciito fo dumi no. May no i te d'a. May da may no ka yenge da.
What
was the trial about? Who started it? Who were involved?
ťęÍǤ˘¤ŮťžÁ˝ńšŠBNŞťęđNąľ˝ĚšŠBNĆNŞťąĹÁ˝ńšŠB
A) Ciito.
Oho. Ciito wo Isubu yoŋ wo de no ka te ciito. Ciito din ma gana hala a ka ka
du. Borey ka ka cer di, hal ciito ban, gey borey kaŋ na car di, i ne ya-din ga
gey ga te yaamo jine fun. Sohoŋ ciito din, heri no kaŋ, i ne jine boro daŋ.
Annasaarey ne jine boro daŋ paley wey se. Borey mey gey no ma hawgey da paley.
Da ni ga taali te palaa ra, ni pala ne, ay wono ne, d ey tun ka koy ka ka koy
ka, wo zafa ka ne haro ma hun ni wono ra ka huro ay wono ra, de i di ga ni
jukke zambar. Wo kaŋ se n a te. Da n almaney ni ni taŋ i ka ka koy ma ŋa, i ga
n jukke zambar hinka. Da n naŋ torka cendi ka daŋ ay pala ra, za janda ga hiri
ya-cine, torka zigi za n koy, ni ne ay palaa lalaba keyri, ka ne torka a ma
bisa ni ga ba ma jeeje. I ga n jukke. To, guna pala yenga ne.
The
trial. Hmm. The trial was, Isbou and his followers filed the lawsuit. They saw
to it that the trial would happen. People had gathered and waited until the
trial was over. Those who gathered, they said, eLetfs just make someone a
headman.f Now, [what] the lawsuit [was] it led them to appoint a headman.
Whites came and said, eAppoint a headman [= a delegate]f for the farmland.
These people were going to be in charge of the farmland. Letfs say youfve
caused some trouble at the farmland. Your farmland is there, and mine is here.
Then if [you] broke the dike between our land to drain water out of your
farmland into mine, they [the delegates] will catch you and impose a fine of
5,000 CFA franc on you. They created [the delegates] for that purpose. If you
unleash your livestock and have them eat rice, you will face a 10,000 CFA franc
fine. Or you bring an oxcart to my farmland and leave it there. The flooding
season comes and water inundates farmland like this. Then you pull out your
oxcart, load it, pull it across my farmland, and you destroy ridges in my land.
Then you will get fined. You see? These are what disputes over farmland are
about.
ŮťB¤ŢBťĚŮťÍACXu˝żŞŮťđ¨ąľ˝ĚžBťĚŮťŞ¨ąéć¤Éľ˝ĚžBŮťŞIíéÜĹlŃĆŞWÜÁĢ˝ĚžŞAťĚWÜÁ˝ŇAŢçÍAĆÉŠOĹśŤéŇđÂë¤ĆžÁ˝ĚžBłÄťĚŮťĆÍkǤ˘¤ŕĚžÁ˝ŠĆ˘¤ĆlAťĚąĆĹAŢçÍuOĚlvđuą¤ĆžÁ˝BlŞÄAąĚlČćĚ˝ßÉuOĚlkă\lđuŻvĆžÁ˝BťĚlŃĆŞlČćđÄ¡éĚžB˝ĆŚÎ¨ÜŚŞlČćĹâč𨹾˝Ćľć¤A¨ÜŚĚlČ檝ąÉ čAí˝ľĚŕĚŞąąÉ éAťęĹk¨ÜŚŞlAu¨ÜŚĚĆąëŠç
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úŞÄąĚć¤É
ZľÉČéB¨ÜŚŞÔđřŤ °É˘ÁÄA¨ÜŚŞ×¨đÂńĹÔđĄŘçšć¤ĆľÄAí˝ľĚlČć̤đóľÄľÜ¤ĆAŢçͨ܌ɹŕđȡBĆÜ ˛çńAąęŞlČćđߎ颞B
Borey
kaŋ ka go ra mo i na hawizo din daŋ, ni wo ma koy har i se. To, guna pala wo,
borey go ga yenga boŋ kul ne. Oho. Hal yenga ka ka huro calla, kala a to wo
tamo din ga borey na gobu sambu cer se. Borey na ba adda sambu cer se. Ga yenga
din ka, a bu. Senno kul koy Komandaŋ ka, amiiru Deesa ka.
If
you came [from another village] and put a cow into our farmland, you need to go
talk to the delegates. Look, this is what disputes over farmland are all about.
Hmm. Once a dispute breaks out, people take a stick in their hands, or
sometimes a machete. A dispute breaks out, and people die. The story gets out,
the commander comes, and the chief of Dessa comes.
k杊çlâÁÄÄEVđlČćɢę˝çA¨ÜŚÍŢçĚĆąëÉbÉsBłÄA˛çńAąęçŞlČćđߎélŃĆ̢̡×ÄžB¤ŢBĐƽѢŞÍśÜéĆAlŃĆͨ˝Ş˘_đĆéBÎ ˘ÉćÁÄÍRđĆéB˘Ş¨ąčAlŞoéBb̡×ÄŞ`íčAi߯ŞÄAf[TĚńˇŞéB
\\ A,
amiiru Deesa mo ka.
f[TĚńˇŕéńšŠB
The
chief of Dessa comes, too?
A) A
ka. Soojey ka, zandarmey ka. Han din ir wey i di zaati. I kayoŋo bine kul ir
wone bonkoyno wo ga ka ne i se, a ne boro hinka bonkoyno wo beero, a ne ifa ay,
ifo go no kaŋ se i ga ne J.F. a ne senno wo, heri kul kaŋ no, ir borey wey no,
zama ay do wono i ga ka ka bato te, ciini kul ne in d'ey ga hanna kal ciino ma
bi, ir ma sey.
Yes,
he did. Soldiers came, and the military police came. On that day, they actually
captured me. When they came, our chief [the chief of Gaarokoyre] said to them,
he said that the two brothers of the chief, meaning me and J.F. . . . he said
we were to blame for this story [= the dispute]. And thatfs because people
gathered every night at my house. We spent every night together well into the
night before they went home.
˝ĆŕBşmŞÄAşŞéB ĚúAśÁł˘ÉŢçÍąĚí˝ľđßÜŚ˝ĚžBŢçŞéĆAąĚí˝ľ˝żĚńˇkK[RCşˇlŞŢçÉžÁ˝BŢŞž¤ÉÍAąĚńˇĚ2lĚZAÂÜčĐĆčÍí˝ľĹAŕ¤ĐĆčÍJ.F.[17]žŞAŢŞž¤ÉÍAąĚbkŕßlĚ´ö͡×ÄAí˝ľ˝żÉ éBƢ¤ĚŕÓlŃĆŞWÜčđľ˝ĚÍí˝ľĚĆžŠçžBí˝ľ˝żÍÓ[éÜš˛ľAťęŠçđUľ˝B
\\ Wiiza
war te ya-wo cine no?
Thatfs
what you really did?
śÁł˘ť¤ľÄ˘˝ńšŠB
A) Oho.
Ir ga hin ka ka almaari jingar hawrey waate, ir ga ka ka sintin senno kal a ma
koy to guuru hinza wal itaaci. Ir ma koy kani. Ga mo koy daŋ kaŋ ti ay wo, ay
ka go kul te k ay naŋ te. Zama ay do no jama kul ga ka. Ne-wo borey ga hanna.
Ga se bine kaŋ i go salaŋ, a ne i ma ay di. Ay ti miimanda fa, zama ay do no
borey ga ka.
Right.
We got together at the time of a night prayer and a meal and talked until three
or four in the morning. Then we went to bed. Thatfs why I was chosen by God and
I took charge of everything. Everyone came to my place. People spent their
night here. So [on the day of the trial], they mentioned it, and he [the chief
of Gaarokoyre] said to capture me. Because people came to my place, I must be
one of the masterminds.
¤ŢBí˝ľ˝żÍéĚçqĆHĚÔÉÄbđÍśßA3Š4ÜĹbđľ˝BťęŠçí˝ľ˝żÍQ˝BťĚ˝ßąĚí˝ľŞ_ÉuŠęAí˝ľŞˇ×ÄđČľ˝Bí˝ľĚĆąëÉęcŞÄ˘˝ŠçžBąąĹlŃĆÍéđ߲ľ˝BžŠçkŮťĚúAlŢçÍbľÄAŢkK[RCşˇlÍAí˝ľđßÜŚëĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľĚĆÉlŃƪĢ˝ĚžŠçAí˝ľŞńdŇĚĐĆčžB
\\ Ya-din
ga komandaŋ no ka ne?
So
you mean the commander came here?
ÂÜčAißŻŞąąÉ˝ĚšŠB
A) Komandaŋ
ka. Jomona hendi i ka kubey mey. Huwo do hendi, ni di, hu kaara. No-din ir koy,
komandow kul, da, da amiiru Deesa, da, Saayi wone hayo fo kaŋ ga te ikul jine
huno, a jyante beeri, ga no mo urugga kul dabari za Saayi kal ne, ga mo ka. To,
i ka kaŋ senno kul ra ka deede. To, senno din deedeyoŋo ra ay wo tun, ay go ga
salaŋ. Ga ti a na tiira guna, a ne wal ay ti boro filaana. Ay ne a se ay no. A
ne sooja se, a ma ay di.
The commander came here. We arranged to meet at Djomona over there.
You can see the house over there, right? That white house. We went over there,
and the commander, the chief of Dessa, and someone from Saay with the highest
status came. This was a very big guy, and he was in charge of all the irrigated
farmland from Saay all the way to our village. Now, they came, and we all
talked. Now, during the conversation, I also stood up and spoke. Then he looked
at the paper and asked me if I was the person. I said that would be me. He said
to a soldier, eCapture him.f
ißŻŞ˝B ťąWiĹŇż íšđľ˝ńśáȢŠB żçÉ éĆAŠŚéžë¤A ̢ƞB ťąÉí˝ľ˝żŞsŤAi߯ĆAf[TĚńˇAťęĆT[CŠç˝ŕÁĆŕ̢lAˇ˛ĺżČl¨žÁ˝ńžŞAT[CŠçąąÜĹ̡×ÄĚAHAđÄ¡élŕ˝BłÄAŢçŞÄAÝČbđľ˝BłÄAbŞęçęéČŠĹAí˝ľŕ§ż ŞčAí˝ľŕbđľÄ˘˝BˇéĆŢÍđŠÄA¨ÜŚŞ Ěl¨ŠĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍAí˝ľžĆžÁ˝BŢÍşmÉAßÜŚëĆžÁ˝B
*Sooja
ka, a ne ay se ka ne-here wo. Ay ka ka koy guna i go ma key ya da cine. A na...
Ayyo! A ne Isubu din mo salaŋ. A ne i ma Isubu din di. I ne Isubu din di, ga mo
i kat'a i do. Dan ka fo mo salaŋ kaŋ se i ga ne J.F.. Adam din da wono wone ɲa fa ize no. Ga mo a ne i ma di.
Ir boro hinza wo no a koy Tilabeeri, a ne i si bey.
*[laughs] A Soldier came and told me to come. When I did, they were
standing like this. He . . . right. He also told Isbou to talk. He told them to
capture Isbou as well. They said, eCapture Isbou,f and took him to them. And
they told one more person, J.F., to talk as well. One of the children of Adamfs
mother. They told them to capture him, too. When three of us [asked them if we]
were going to Tilabeeri, he said he didnft know.
*k΢ȪçlşmŞÄAąÁżÉ˘ĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľŞÄÝéĆAŢçÍą¤âÁħÁĢ˝BŢÍcBť¤žBŢÍCXu[18]ÉŕbšĆžÁ˝BŢÍCXuŕßÜŚëĆžÁ˝BŢçÍCXuđŠ܌ëĆž˘AŢçĚĆąëÉAęĢÁ˝BťęŠçŕ¤1lAJ.F.ÉŕbšĆžÁ˝BťĚA_ĚęĚqĚ1lžBŢĚąĆŕßÜŚëĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝ż3lÍeBx[ÉsĚŠk˝¸ËéĆlAŢÍmçȢƞÁ˝B
A
ne heri kul kaŋ a do, ir wey ir ka go ga te man du ne, i ne ay di, i n ay di,
ir ma koy goro hendi. Waat in no i soboey ka ngey senno te, sooja ne kaŋ ir ma
ka ka koy to hendi ka goro weyna ra. He! A si hense goy laaro no. áTo, ni di sohoŋ ni na ay di, amma ay si goro
weyna ra, ir man zey, ir man boro wi, ir man boro kar, fo se ni ne ir koy ka
goro. Wo ti senni yaamo, ka ne za ni gonda hino faabante, ay si koy weyna ra
wallaâ. Ir ka ka goro kal de i ka i ne
gey senno ban. Waati din no i ne sohoŋ to, ir ma ka ka fatta ka koy. Gey mey
sallama. Ayyo. Ya wey te.
He
said that at that point he didnft quite understand any of what we were doing.
They said to capture me. They captured me and told me to sit over there. Then
as they continued to talk, a soldier told me to go over there and sit under the
sun. Hm. He wouldnft take back that horrible order. Now, you see? I was
captured, but I didnft go under the sun. I said, eWe did not steal, murder, or
punch anyone. Why would you tell me to sit over there? Itfs ridiculous. You are
just wielding stupid power. I would not go under the sun.f We sat still until
they finished talking. They then told us we could go. They themselves greeted
and left, too. Right. Something like that happened.
ŢÍžÁ˝AąĚí˝ľ˝żŞľÄ˘éąĆˇ×ÄAąąĹÍćíŠçȢĆAŢçÍí˝ľđßçŚëĆž˘Aí˝ľđßçŚÄAťÁżĹŔÁÄëĆžÁ˝BťęŠçŢçŞbđÂïĢéĆAí˝ľ˝żÍťÁżÉsÁÄAžzĚşÉŔÁĢëĆşmŞžÁ˝BwŚBŢÍťĚĐǢdĹżđ ç˝ßć¤ĆľČŠÁ˝BłÄA˘˘ËAí˝ľÍßçŚç꽪Ažz̺ɢŠČŠÁ˝Buí˝ľ˝żÍÝđľ˝íŻĹŕȢľAlđEľ˝íŻĹŕȢľAlđŁÁ˝íŻĹŕȢBČş¨ÜŚÍťąĹŔÁÄëČÇĆž¤ĚžBČńĆn°˝bžBČńĆÂÜçȢ Íđ¨ÜŚÍÓ芴ˇĚžAí˝ľÍâΞzĚşÉsŠČ˘vBí˝ľ˝żÍŢçĚbŞIíéÜĹŔčÂĂŻ˝BˇéĆŢçÍAŕ¤í˝ľ˝żÍsŻĆžÁ˝BŢçŠgŕĽAľÄÁĢÁ˝Bť¤žBť¤˘¤ąĆŞ Á˝B
Oho.
Ga ti senno de ir ka ka cer di, waato wo din sey, Isubu yoŋ here borey i ne kaŋ
ga kabu Teera, i ne ir ma ngey gana, ir ma hun Tilabeeri., Gaarokoyre tira ra
ka bere Tera tira ra. Ir mey ne i se : áHa'a. Dogo
war dogo ra. boro kaŋ ga ba Teera. Amma ir wey ir koyra, ir si a sey ka ne war
se ir si hun koyra ra abadaâ! Ir wey
koyra da de boro folloŋ ka cindi. Ir windo hinne ka cindi ir go gora do. Da
Irkoy ba mo ir ga du a se caley.
Hmm. Then we
gathered to discuss this issue and went home. Then the people on Isboufs side
said they would resister their residency in Tera. They said, eLetfs leave
Tilabeeri. Letfs move out of Gaarokoyrefs paper and join Terafs paper.f We said
to them, eNo. That place is for you. Itfs for those who like Tera. But we, we
are not going to let our village disintegrate. Let me tell you guys. We will
never leave this village, our village.f Only a few stayed. Only our family
remained and still live there. If it had pleased God, we could have found more
friends.
¤ŢBť¤ľÄąĚbđߎčí˝ľ˝żÍWÜčAđUľ˝ĚžŞAˇéĆCXu˝żĚ¤ĚlÔÍAe[ĹŚéĆž˘žľ˝BeBx[ŠçŁęć¤AK[RCĚŠçe[ĚÉÚë¤ĆžÁ˝BąĚí˝ľ˝żÍAŢçÉžÁ˝Bu˘˘âBťąÍ¨ÜŚ˝żĚęAe[đDŤČŇĚęžBľŠľąĚí˝ľ˝żÍAí˝ľ˝żĚşđŞôłšČ˘B¨ÜŚ˝żÉžÁÄâë¤Aí˝ľ˝żÍľÄąĚşđŁęȢBąĚí˝ľ˝żĚşžvBĚąÁ˝ŇÍí¸ŠžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĚŽ~žŻŞĚąÁÄAZńŢéB_ި]ÝČçAí˝ľ˝żÍÔđŚéąĆŕĹŤ˝Ěžë¤ŞB
kăŞl[Later part omitted]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
GM)[19] I baabey, to, gey no ti..., ko, Banɲey windi wo, fo ti war kaago
maayo? Ni mo ni wa har kaaga se. Sohoŋ ay ga war kaaga maayo hã.
The fathers, right, they . . . this house for slaves, let me see,
what was the name of your ancestor? You tell him about your ancestor, too. This
time, I will ask you the name of your ancestor.
ťĚe˝żAť¤AŢçŞcAąĚzęĚŽ~AŚŚĆA¨ÜŚ˝żĚcćĚźOÍČńÄžÁ˝ÁŻB¨ÜŚŕcćÉ¢ÄbČł˘BĄxÍAí˝ľŞ¨ÜŚ˝żĚcćĚźOđˇąĆÉľć¤B
A)[20] Ni bey, ir sinda
kaaga, boro kaago hinne war se.
I
think you know. We donft have an ancestor except for your ancestor that we call
eour ancestor.f
˛śśĹˇćËAí˝ľ˝żÉÍc檢ܚńćA Č˝Ş˝ÉAgŕĆľÄĚc檢鞯šćB
GM) Ha?
Oh.
Í B
A) *Manti
ni ne ay sinda baaba here kaaga, wa, ɲa kaabe hinne a go ay se.
[laughs]
You are the one who told me I donft have a paternal ancestor and I only have a
maternal ancestor.
*k΢Ȫçl Č˝Şí˝ľÉűĚc檢ȢAęűĚc澊˘Č˘ĆžÁ˝ńśáȢšŠB
GM) Ɲa kaaga? A'a, ay wo ni ɲa kaagey ay no g i bey, bina ni
har. To, ni mo...
A
maternal ancestor, huh? Well, I do know your maternal ancestor, and Ifve
already talked about it. So you go ahead . . .
ęűĚc抢B˘âA¨ÜŚĚęűĚcćČçąĚí˝ľŞmÁĢéľAŕ¤bľ˝ĹľĺBť¤A¨ÜŚŕcB
A) To*.
MaadullaB
See*
[laughs]? I told you.
Ůç*kΤlBť¤Ĺľĺ¤B
GM) Ni mo, ni baaba wone
naŋ g i har*. Ay ka hino, a si har.
You
tell him about your father, too* [laughs]. Itfs time for me to shut up.
¨ÜŚŕA¨ÜŚĚÉ¢ÄbľČł˘*kΤlBĄxÍí˝ľŞbłČ˘ÔžB
A) Ay
ne, ay ne har a se, a ma. Ay ne a se, ay wo kaaga, ay wo ka.., ay baaba kaago
wo, a man hun kal Bukkina.
I, I told him. He heard me. I told him that my ancestor, my paternal
ancestor was from Burkina Faso.
í˝ľÍAí˝ľÍŢÉbľÜľ˝ćAŢࡍܾ˝Bí˝ľÍŢÉAí˝ľĚcćAí˝ľĚűĚcćŞuLit@\ogžĆbľÜľ˝B
GM) Burkina?
Burkina Faso.
uLit@\Š˘B
A) Burkina
boro no. Faccama Ɲamarkandi wo, Ɲamarkandi wo mo, Burkina boro me. Burkina boro no, manti ne-wo boro no.
Yes,
she was a Burkina Fasonian. Fathama Nyamarkandi. Nyamarkandi is a Burkina
Fasonian name. A Burkina Fasonian. She wasnft from here.
uLit@\lšBt@b`[}Ej}JfBAąĚj}JfBÍAuLit@\lĹľĺ¤BuLit@\lšćAąąĚlÔśá čÜšńB
\\ Ya-din
no ni ne ay se.
Thatfs
what you told me.
ť¤˘ÁÄÜľ˝ćËB
GM) Hu'un. Ay ma. Burkina
boro no. Fo ka, fo ka kat'a ne.
Hmm.
All right. She was a Burkina Fasonian. Why, why was she brought here?
ÓŢÓŢBíŠÁ˝ćBuLit@\lžBČşAČşąąÉAęÄąçę˝ĚB
A) Burkina?
Burkina borey ni bey, za fes, Burkina borey wey, ni bey Gurmance ka goro
Fuliyande wo ra fes bo. Ha?
Burkina
Faso. Burkina Fasonians were . . . Listen. The very Gourmantche, who were
Burkina Fasonians, used to live in Fuliyande. You know?
uLit@\BuLit@\lÍA˘˘ĹˇŠAuLit@\lĹ éO}`FąťŞtAfÉZńŢ˝ńžBËŚB
GM) Huhun.
I
see.
ÓŢÓŢB
A) Fuliyande
wo Gurmance ka goro a ra fes! Hu? Ba sohoŋ i huwey dogey go no.
Gourmantche
used to live here in Fuliyande, uh? There are still remains of their houses.
ąątAfÉÍO}`FŞZńŢ˝ńšBŚBĄĹłŚťĚĆŽŐŞĚąÁÄܡB
\\ Un.
Ir ga hin ka diy'a.
Right.
There are.
¤ńB˘ÜĹŕ čܡËB
A) Ni
ga hangan? Kaŋ Gurmance goro Fuliyande ra, Gurmancey banda, Gurmancey, boro man
Gurmancey dirandi Fuliyande ra kala..., Surgey. Gey ka Gurmance wi ka Fuliyande
ra. Surgey banda. Boro man Surgey mey dirandi kal annasaarey ka duk hut ka
Surgey wey ka Fuliyande ra. Surgey k i dirandi. Ni go ma hangan?
Are
you listening? Gourmantche used to live in Fuliyande. After Gourmantche, itfs
Tuareg that threw Gourmantche out of Fuliyande. They massacred Gourmantche in
Fuliyande. After Tuareg, itfs whites that forced Tuareg out. They got mad and
got rid of Tuareg from Fuliyande. They forced Tuareg out. Are you listening?
ˇ˘ÄܡŠBŠÂÄÍO}`FŞtAfÉZńŢ˝BO}`FĚăÉAO}`FđAtAfŠçO}`FđÇoľ˝ŇąťŞAgDAOšB ˘ÂçŞO}`FđtAfĹECľ˝ńšBgDAOĚăÉgDAOŠĚđÇoľ˝ŇąťŞlšB{ÁÄgDAOđtAfŠç˘˝ĚšBŢçŞgDAOđÇoľ˝Bˇ˘ÄܡŠB
GM) Huhun.
I
see.
ÓŢÓŢB
A) To,
Surgey kaŋ na annasaarey n i ka Fuliyande ra, to, Gorɲo-haamey wey kaŋ ni ga di
Isa-Beegun yoŋ din, gey ga ka ka lamba Surgey ga. Surgey ga i lamba jina, gey
wey ka du Fuliyande fuula cuk cuk kul kaŋ ga di, Surgey ga, i duw'a.
Now,
when whites kicked Tuareg out of Fuliyande, thatfs when Gornyo haamey, Isa
Begum, whom you know, and his followers came, and took over Tuareg. They first
took over Tuareg, and they successfully obtained the status of great chief in
Fuliyande, which belonged to Tuareg.
łÄAlŞtAfŠçgDAOđÇoˇĆAťąĹSjEn[CA ȽಜśĚCTEx[O˝żŞâÁÄÄAgDAOĚăɡíÁ˝BŢçÍܸgDAOĚăÉŔčAťĚŢçŞAgDAOŞgÉ¯Ģ˝sJsJĚtAfĚXqđŚ˝ńšB
GM) Beegun si
fuula ra.
Begum
didnft become the chief.
x[OÍńˇĘÉŠȊÁ˝B
A) Ha'a.
Manti fuula yoŋo, manti fuula bumbo goro yoŋo.
Ifm
not talking about the chief position. Ifm not talking about the creation of the
chief position.
˘˘âBńˇĘĚśá čÜšńAńˇĘÝuĚśá čÜšńB
GM) Ayyo.
Oh,
all right.
Ať¤B
A) I
fuula cuk cuk kul ni go ma har ni se din.
The
status of great chief. Were you listening to me?
sJsJĚńˇĘAˇ˘ÄÜľ˝ŠAĄĚbđB
GM) Ayyo.
I see.
ČéŮÇB
A) Surgey
ga i duw'a.
They
got it from Tuareg.
gDAOŠçŚ˝ĚšB
GM) Ay wo ke, wo kaŋ ay ma
ke, kaŋ abba deede ay se. A ne ay se, te, a ne Beegun man furo. Fuula a man
sintin de kala Isa Beegun ga.
I
[talked about] what my father had told me. He [my father] said that Begum, the
status of chief started with Isa Begum.
í˝ľÍËAí˝ľĚłńŞí˝ľÉbľÄ꽹Ćkđbľ˝lBŢkłńlÍAx[OÍAńˇĘÍACTEx[OŠçÍśÜÁ˝ĆžÁĢ˝B
A) Ya-din
no. Ni bey, ne-wo Fuliyande wo Gurmance ka diy'a wo, kul labo wo, manti
Fuliyande hinne, gungey kul Gurmance ka jin ir labo.
Thatfs
right. You see? Itfs Gourmantche that obtained this Fuliyande. Not just
Fuliyande. This entire place. On all of our islands, Gourmantche were there
first.
ť¤Ĺľĺ¤B˘˘ĹˇŠAąątAfÍAO}`FŞŚ˝ŕĚžÁ˝ńšAąĚnˇ×ÄšAtAfžŻĹÍ čÜšńAí˝ľ˝żĚnÉ éˇ×ÄĚXÉO}`FŞćɢ˝ĚšB
\\ War
senno wo ke, i ga tuk car ga ka boori. Zama dottiijey boobo ka ne, za doŋ
waate, koytarey bumbo si no.
What
you guys are saying actually make sense a lot because many elders were saying
there used to be no chief position.
Č˝˝żĚbÍAĆÄŕćŠÝ ÁÄܡćBžÁÄA¨¨ĚˇV˝żŞĚÍńˇĘŠĚŞČŠÁ˝Ć˘ÁĢ˝ŠçB
A) A
si no.
No,
there wasnft.
ČŠÁ˝ćB
\\ Ya-din
ga, Beegun waate koytarey bumbo si no.
So
there was no chief position itself in Begumfs time.
žŠçAx[OĚăÉÍńˇĘŠĚŞČŠÁ˝ńšB
GM) Beegun
sinda koytarey..
Begum
didnft receive the status of chief.
x[OÍAńˇĘđŕ˝ČŠÁ˝B
\\ Boro,
boro kaŋ ga laabo mey, ikkul Surgey de no.
Those
who had control over land were all Tuareg.
ynđxzľÄ˘˝ŇĆÍAˇ×ÄgDAOĹľ˝B
A) Koytara
wo man sintin de kal Surgey ga. Labo bumbo kul taalikow, Gurmance ka jin ne.
Gurmancey, ba kaŋ ni ga dira, i goro dogey, naŋ ga gey bumbo, barey wey ra, i
huwo dogey, boro naŋ ga diyey. To, Gurmancey din, manti kal Gurmancey,
annasaarey ka Gurmancey wi dirandi saada saan. Kaŋ Gurmancey dira, Gurmancey
dira nongo ra, waati din, Surgey. Gey ka ka goro. To, Surgey. Gen da, ni di,
Kurtey wo, gan da Fulaŋ kul ifo. Kurtey wo, ga ka lamba Surgey ga. Surgey g i
du gey nongo wo kul. Kurtey wey gey ka lamba Surgey ga. Surgey ga, Kurtey wey
dogey nongo kul, Kurtey kul kaŋ ga du nango wo, Surgey ga duw'a. Waat in fuula
wo senni man ka, waat in no fuula wo ka, kokor ka huro. Un. Waat in no fuula wo
kokor ka huro, ni ya hantum yo, ka ka huro.
The
chief system began during the era of Tuareg, who was the host of all the
disasters around this region. It was the Gourmantche that were here first. If
you walk around, you will be able to see the remains of their houses on the
islands. Now, Gourmantche, whites came, massacred them, and kicked them all out.
Gourmantche were gone. After Gourmantche were gone, then Tuareg, they started
living here. Now, Tuareg, they and Kurty, and Furbe are all the same. Kurty
took over Tuareg. Tuareg had obtained all of this place. Then Kurty took over
Tuareg. After Tuareg, Kurty [obtained] this place, which Tuareg had obtained.
In those days, there was no chief position. It came later. Right. Then as you
wrote, the chief position was introduced.
ńˇ§ÍAąĚnęŃĚТĚĺgDAOĚăŠçÍśÜÁ˝Bćɢ˝ĚÍO}`FžBŕľ Č˝ŞoŕŤłŚˇęÎAąĚXÉĄŕĚąÁĢéO}`FĚĆŽŐđŠéąĆŞĹŤÜˇBłÄAąĚO}`FÍAlŞÄAO}`FđECľAˇ×ÄÇoľ˝BO}`FŞÁÄAąąŠçO}`FŞÁÄŠçAťĚĆŤgDAOB ˘ÂçŞZŢć¤ÉČÁ˝ĚšBłÄgDAOA ˘ÂçĆNeCAťęÉtxÍÝČĐĆšBNeCÍgDAOĚăÉŔčÜľ˝BgDAOÍąĚęˇ×Äđlžľ˝BťľÄNeCŞgDAOĚăÉŔÁ˝BgDAOĚăÉANeCŞąąđAgDAOŞlžľ˝ąąđkŚ˝ńšlBńˇĘĚbÍܞĨç¸AńˇĘÍťĚăâÁÄ˝B¤ńBťęŠçNࢽć¤ÉńˇĘŞąüłę˝B
\\ Ne
da Fuliyande ra mo...
Here
in Fuliyande, too . . .
ąątAfĹŕcB
A) To,
fuula wo, ma kaŋ ga a te, ya ka sambu din, wo da ne. Fuula beero si kal
Gaarokoyre wo da.
Thus
the position of chief was created here and then taken away. The status of
paramount chief existed here in Gaarokoyre.
łÄAą¤ľÄńˇĘÍAąąĹÂçęAĆčȨłę˝BĺńˇĘÍAąąK[RCÉ Á˝B
GM) Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
A) Ya-din
no. Fuula beero Gaarokoyre wono, kantoŋtara Gaarokoyra wo da wo. Anzura se a na
no.
Itfs
true. The paramount chief belonged to Gaarokoyre. The canton chief was here in
Gaarokoyre. He gave the status to son-in-law.
ť¤ČńšćBĺńˇĘÍK[RCĚŕĚAJgˇĆÍAܳɹąK[RCÉ Á˝BťęđŢÍşšÉ^Ś˝B
GM) Kadi. Kadi
amiiru kaŋ na Mooru yoŋ hay.
Khadi.
Khadi Amir, who gave birth to those guys including Moru.
JfBB[˝żđśńžJfBEA~[B
A) Wo
ti cimi. Ba sohoŋ taarifo ya-din no a ra.
Youfre
right. Thatfs what history tells us.
ťĚƨčšBĄĹŕđjÉÍť¤ čܡB
GM) Fuula beero Isa Beegun
wone, ga mo ne ga na no nga anzura se.
The
paramount chief status belonged to Isa Begum, and he offered it to his
son-in-law.
ĺńˇĘÍCTEx[OĚŕĚAŢÍťęđşšÉ^ŚéĆžÁ˝B
A) ya-din
no ya.
Thatfs
right.
ťĚƨčšB
GM) A ma sambu.
He told him to take it.
ĆčČł˘AĆB
A) A
bandey kaŋ ni ga di, gey ti banɲa bi yoŋ wey da.
His
descendant is, you know him, too. That slave bastard.
ťĚqˇĆ˘¤ĚŞA Č˝ŕmÁĢéA ĚzęěYšB
GM) Nhun. Gey
de no ya. Ni hã? A ma sambu. Gey de no wey din. Kal de amiiru.
Right.
Those bastards. Understand? Take it. Thatfs why it happened. Until they got the
chief status.
ť¤B ˘ÂçžËBíŠÁ˝Š˘BĆčČł˘BťęĹ ČÁ˝BńˇÉ˘˝éÜĹB
A) I
ɲa huwo kul de ne Fuliyande.
His
motherfs house was here in Fuliyande.
ŢçĚęĚĆÍąątAfÉ Á˝B
\\ Banɲa bi yoŋ ti mey?
Who
do you mean by the eslave bastardf?
zęěYÁÄN̹ƚŠB
A) Deesa
borey no me. Gorɲo-haamey da no.
The
guy from Dessa, of course. Hefs Gornyo haamey.
f[TĚlԞ뤪BSjEn[CČĚžB
kăŞl[Later part
omitted]
k^šJnl[Recording
begins]
\\ Ay
wo ke, ay ga ba ay ma bey, hayow, ni senno, paley do, paley do ni senno, za
doŋ..., e, manti za doŋ no, amma ni ka har'ey se mate kaŋ cine no ni du, hayo,
palaa kaŋ ni go ga goy
I,
uh, your story, the irrigated farmland, the story about the irrigated farmland
. . . The other day, um, not too long ago, you, um, you told me how you got the
farmland where you are currently working.
í˝ľÍšËAŚŚĆí˝ľÍ Č˝ĚbAAHAAAHAĚbđcAąĚOAŚŚĆA¸ÁĆĚĹÍȢŻęÇA Č˝ÍAŚŚĆAǤâÁÄ Č˝Ş˘ÜdđľÄ˘élČć𦽩đbľÄęÜľ˝ćËB
A)[21] K ey go ka, ga no ni ga ba
ay ma har? Huun. Wo kaŋ ay go wal za i jina, ni bey, ay jin ka go goro ka pala
sambu. Ay na a no Suley se,wo kaŋ go Suley se, fonda jinde din no i si a...
You
want me to talk to you about my [farmland]? Ha. The one I currently have. No,
the one I originally had. Listen, I have had a farmland since a long time ago.
I gave it to Sourey. About that . . .
í˝ľŞ˘éklČćlAťęÉ¢ÄbľÄŮľ˘ĚŠBÓ¤ńBĄĚŕĚA˘âĹĚŕĚA˘˘Š˘Aí˝ľÍOŠçlČćđŕÁĢ˝Bí˝ľÍťęđXC[22]É^Ś˝BťęÉ¢ÄcB
\\ Fo
se ni no Suley se?
Why
did you give it to Sourey?
ČşXCÉ^Ś˝ńšŠB
A) Kaŋ
g ey go ga pala goy. Wo kaŋ hari ɲoŋo kaŋ ga
haŋandi, ni ga faham da?
The farmland I used to be at? You know about the canal, donft you?
í˝ľŞ˘˝lČ抢B
HÉ¢ÄÍíŠéËB
\\ Huun.
Ay faham. No-din wala?
Hm.
I do. That one over there, right?
ÓńBíŠčܡB ťąĚšćËB
A) Oho.
S.L. nongo haro ga huro ka ka koy huro palaa ra din.
Right.
The canal through which water drains from S.L.fs place into the farmland.
¤ŢBS.L.[23]˝żĚęŠç
ŞlČćÉüÁĢA Ě
HžB
\\ Nhun.
Yes.
ŚŚB
A) To,
a naŋ ga, fun-fun ka doori palaa ra.
Right,
where water drains into the farmland.
ť¤AlČćÉ
ŞŹęąŢĆąëžB
\\ Nhun,
nhun.
Right.
Right.
ŚŚAŚŚB
A) Pala
banda, ni bey, banda gonda funi kaŋ boro ga feeri haro ma fatta a si hari ka
tarey.
The
back of the farmland. All right? At the back of the farmland, there is a hole
you open to drain water. But it didnft work.
lČćĚwĘžB˘˘Š˘AťĚwĘÉAlŞ ŻÄ
đoˇŞ éĚžŻÇAťęŞr
ľČŠÁ˝B
\\ Huuhun.
I
see.
ÓńÓńB
A) Hal
hari hur a ra, a naŋ ga to met, haro si hun.
When
water entered the canal, it overflowed and wouldnft drain.
ŞüéĆA ÓꊌÁľܢA
ŞoĢŠČ˘B
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
A) Haro
ra n ir ga mo wi, ir ma jere ka ka tarey ka koy gisi tarey haro go palaa ra.
Because the farmland was flooded with water, we had to work with
half our body soaked in the water at the time of harvesting, and every time we
got some rice crops, we had to get out to leave the crops outside.
lČćÉ
Ş éŠçAí˝ľ˝żÍ
ÉŠÁÄűnšËÎČç¸AťĚClđOÜĹuŤÉ˘ŠČŻęÎČçČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ho,
wo-wo ke a ga dor.
Wow.
That must have been hard.
٨AťęÍÂç˘B
A) Manti
ni bey? Kaŋ hal i ga pala wi, i naŋ ga haro ka ra. Ni faham wo-din se?
Donft
you think? When you harvest in irrigated farmland, you first drain water. You
know that, right?
žë¤BAHAĹűnˇéÎ ˘Aܸr
ˇéBť¤žĆ˘¤ąĆÍAíŠéËB
\\ Uhun,
uhun. Ay faham ya.
Sure.
I know that.
ŚŚAŚŚAíŠčܡB
A) Da
i ga tilam ya...
When
you replant crops . . .
°ÖˇéĆŤÉÍcB
\\ Haro
humba wala?
You
use a drainage.
r
HĹšćËB
A) Oho.
Da i ga tilam m i naŋ ga haro ka ra to, haro si fun a ra. Haro ga huro mo da,
jindo here funey din, zey ga naagu, zey ga naagu. Ga ti jiiro k ey ka ka taŋ, a
man te kal saaku yegga.
Right.
When you replant your crops, you drain water, too. But the water wouldnft
drain. In fact, more water would come in. We would close up the hole, but there
would be another hole. Close it up, and another hole. So after a year, we only
got nine bags of crops.
¤ŢB°ÖˇéĆŤÉŕAr
đˇéBĆąëŞ
ŞoĢŠČ˘BŠŚÁÄ
ŞüÁÄéAĚüűđÓł˘ĹÍŞ AÓł˘ĹÍŞ BťęĹęNŞ˝ÁÄŕA9ÜÉľŠČçȢB
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
A) Saaku
egga mo n ey ga bana kooperatif borey se.
And
we used those nine bags to pay back the co-op guys.
ťĚ9ÜযgĚlÔÖĚxĽÉ Ä˝B
\\ Huuhun,
Nhun. I kul?
I
see. All of them?
ÓńAÓńBSšŠB
A) A
kul. Ay koy d ey na no.
All
of them. We went and gave them the bags.
SBsÁÄnľ˝B
\\ Heey!
Wow.
¤í B
A) Ay
man du ba ciini fo hawrey.
I
got none.
í˝ľÍ1ÜŕŚçęČŠÁ˝B
\\ Hari,
hari nooro ka ti saaku yegga.
Water,
the water cost nine bags.
A
ĚăŕŞ9ÜB
A) Yegga.
Palaa te saaku yegga.
Nine
bags. And the farmland generated nine bags.
9ÜBťĚlČćĹĹŤ˝Ěŕ9ÜB
\\ He,
a si te.
Huh.
Thatfs not good.
ÖŚBťęÍćȢB
A) Ay
koy na no. To, i ne i ga ka ka hari ɲoŋo n i ka ka
simo, kooperatiif ga ka ka simo. Ay wo kampaaɲu fo ka ay man daŋ. Hiino kampaaɲo, ay farga, ay na no Suley se. Ay n a ma sambu, ay si
baar'a Suley na sambu. Suley na sambu. Waati din i ka ka nongo simo jindo. I na
jindo din simo. Sohoŋ a si hurgu. Amma hal haro ba a ra, a si fatta banda.
I
went over and gave them the bags. They, the co-op guys said, they would repair
the canals with cement sometime soon. So I waited for the entire season. When
the next farming season came, I got tired of waiting, so I gave the farmland to
Sourey. I said, eTake it. Ifm done.f Sourey took it. Sourey took it. Then it
got repaired with cement. They repaired the canal. Now the farmland is
well-drained, except if you get too much water; it wonft drain.
í˝ľÍsÁÄAnľ˝BłÄŢçÍAŚŻgÍAżŠ˘¤żÉp
HđZgĹâCˇéĆžÁ˝BęGĚ ˘žŇÁ˝BĚ_úÉí˝ľÍćęÄAXCÉ^Ś˝BĆęAí˝ľÍ¤ń´čžĆžÁ˝BXCŞĆÁ˝BXCŞĆÁ˝Bť¤ľ˝çáĚęŞZgĹÜłę˝BťĚ
HđÜľ˝BąęĹ
ÍŻŞćČÁ˝BŕÁĆŕ
Şü衏éĆAr
łęȢ̞ŞB
\\ Ha.
Ya-din ga hal hoŋ a ga sendi no?
Huh.
Itfs still causing you trouble?
ÖŚBť¤ČńĹˇŠĄĹརÖńČńšŠB
A) Hal
hoŋ.
Still.
ĄĹŕB
\\ A
ga te daama mo...
Itfs
gotten a little better, but . . .
˝ÍćČÁ˝ŞcB
A) Ohõ,
a te daama. Amma a man ben. Zama banda si ka tarey. De keydiya waate, kaŋ ni ga
di harey ga kaŋ gumo, a ga to met, haro, a si fatta. Ay fend'a. Ay ka ka gorey
ka ka gorey te jiiri hinza, ay si ga goy pala. A ga far de g ey mo farey goy.
Right.
Itfs gotten a little better. But itfs not perfect. Thatfs because water doesnft
drain from the back. Look. Water is overflowing during the harvesting season.
Because it doesnft drain. I left it like that. I let it be, I let it be, and
for three years, I didnft work at the irrigated farmland. I was just planting
pearl millet and growing rice with rain water.
¤ŢA˝ÍćČÁ˝BžŞŽSĹÍČŠÁ˝BwĘŠçr
łęȢŠçžBŠÄ˛çńAűnĚGßA
Ş ÓꊌÁĢéB
ŞoĢŠČ˘ŠçžBí˝ľÍA٤ÁĨ˘˝BťĚÜÜÉľÄAťĚÜÜÉľÄA3NÔAí˝ľÍAHAĹdđľČŠÁ˝BgEWrGÍ|ĆV
î잯đľÄ˘˝B
A) Ga
ti lokoci fo te kaŋ Suley yoŋ wey da K.S., i borey jerey go Gurma ay si faham
borey jerey se.
Then
one day, the guys here including Sourey and K.S., I donft know the other guys
from the west bank.
ťńČ éúAąąĚXC˝żĆK.S.[24]˝żAźÝĚŮŠĚlÔÍíŠçȢŞB
\\ Huun.
Maayo, maayo mo ni s a bey, ni si bey?
Huh.
Do you know, do you know the names, names?
Ó¤ńBźOAźOŕmčÜšńŠAmčÜšńŠB
A) Borey?
Shoŋ borey kaŋ na gey waafako te no ay si bey ka ben. Oho. I borey ga ba. I ne
dalgey, gey naŋ g i ka. Dalgey mey ne gey si hun. To, ga ti paley wey,wo kaŋ la
in da G.A. go wo, Abdulahi go jina, a koma koyo se. Ni bey, da hari nooru no
boro gana, i ga taay'a. Pala iddu no koma lokaco din zempa ra.
Them?
I donft know the names of those guys who formed an alliance. Hmm. There were
too many people. They tried to get rid of the delegates. The delegates? They
said they were not going to leave. Then the farmland that G.A. and I had, itfs
Abudullahi who has the farmland now, not G.A., but that farmland was taken
away. If you canft pay for the water, they will take away your farmland. You
know that, donft you? At that time, six parcels of farmland in the GMP were
taken away.
AŠ˘BŚŚĆŻżľ˝lÔ˝żÉ¢ÄÍAmçȢB¤ŢBlި¨ˇŹéBŢçÍă\đą¤Ćľ˝Bă\ÍƢ¤ĆŁęȢƞÁ˝BłÄAť¤ľÄí˝ľĆG.A[25]ŞŕÁĢélČćA˘ÜÍG.A.ĹÍČAuhDC[26]ŞŕÁĢélČćAťĚlČ檿ĺŠçڰ˝B
Ěă઼ŚČ˘Î ˘AlČćŞóŻĆçęéąĆÍmÁĢéËBťĚĆŤÍAGMPĚČŠĹ6ÂĚlČćŞóŻĆçę˝B
\\ Uhun,
uhun. Jempe sisu no a ga te?
Right.
In GMP6.
ŚŚAŚŚBGMP6ĹšćËB
A) Oho.
Pala iddu ka koma.
Right.
Six parcels of farmland were taken away.
¤ŢB6ÂĚlČćŞóŻĆçę˝B
\\ Uhun.
Yes.
¤ńB
A) Sohoŋ,
ay ne Suley se, kaŋ gen d'ey go ga ciiti, ay ne a se hal i du pala, kul ay ga
ba. A n ey se to. Kala han fo,ay go ga goro ne da, a n ey se wal senno kaŋ ay
go ga ce, ay naŋ go ga hoorey wal ay naŋ ga cim. Ay ne wallaahi hal ay du pala,
ay ga ba. A n ey se to.
Then
I said to Sourey when they were having the dispute, eIf they get farmland, I
want it.f He said, eAll right.f A few days later, when I was sitting here,
Sourey came and asked me if I was joking or I was serious about what I had said
to him. I said, eI would like to get it if possible. Absolutely.f He
said, eAll right.f
ťąĹí˝ľÍAXCÉAŢçŞWđľÄ˘éĆŤÉžÁ˝ĚžAŕľŢçŞlČćđŚ˝çAşĐŮľ˘BŢÍAíŠÁ˝ĆžÁ˝BúăAí˝ľŞąąÉŔÁĢéĆAXCŞí˝ľŞbľ˝ąĆÍçkČĚŠA{CČĚŠĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍAâÎÉAŚçęéŕĚČ猽˘AĆžÁ˝BŢÍAíŠÁ˝ĆžÁ˝B
\\ Uhun.
Suley?
Huh.
Sourey.
Ó¤ńBXCšŠB
A) Oho.
Ga ti, han fo a ka, a n ey se ay ma koy tunandi Idiriisa pala, palaa wo kaŋ ay
ga. A ne ir boro hinka gam i ga fersi. I ne in da E.M.. Ay ne to. Ay koy. Ay
tunandi pala ra kambu fa. Ga ti hano, hano k i ga ciito te, komandaŋo ga ka, i
koy ciito te, han din ey wo si n ey koy hal Mullay-koyre ka goy boro se.
Right.
Then he came one day and told me to cultivate Idelisafs farmland, in other
words, the land that was going to be mine. He told me to split it with another
person, E.M. I said, eSure.f I went there. I cultivated a part of the farmland.
Then a few days passed by. On the day of the dispute, on the day when the
commander came and the dispute broke out, I was in Moulaykoyre to work for my
family.
¤ŢBťęĹ éúâÁÄÄACfbTĚlČćAÂÜčí˝ľĚŕĚĆČélČćđkNľëĆžÁ˝BŢÍAí˝ľĆŕ¤ĐĆčĹŞŻëĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľĆE.M.ž[27]Bí˝ľÍAíŠÁ˝ĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍsÁ˝BťĚlČćĚęűđkNľ˝BťęŠçú˝ÁÄAWŞČłę˝úAi߯ŞâÁÄÄAWިąČíę˝úAťĚúí˝ľÍAgŕĚ˝ßÉdľÉbCRC[28]ÉsÁĢ˝B
\\ Uhun.Uhun.
N? Fo se Mullay-koyre?
I
see. Oh, why did you go to Moulaykoyre?
ÓŢÓŢBŚBČşbCRCÖB
A) Ay
koy goy boro fo se
I
went there to work for someone.
élĚ˝ßÉdľÉ˘Á˝B
\\ A,
a, a, ay faham.
Oh,
oh, I see.
A A AíŠčÜľ˝B
A) Oho,
áfilaanaâ do ay koy.
Hm.
I went to see so-and-sofs [the speakerfs motherfs] brother.
¤ŢBáfilaanaâkbŇĚęlĚZíĚĆąëÉsÁ˝ńžB
\\ Nn.
Ay faham.
Okay.
I got it.
¤ńBíŠčÜľ˝B
A) To.
Ga ti i ka i na gey senno te. Borey ne gey na paley jerey nooyandi. Dalgey mey
ne gey na jerey nooyandi. I ne pala marje n i ne, iddu no. I ne sohoŋ Suley yoŋ
din kaŋ na dalgey kuudata din, i ma sambu pala iddu..., ihinza. Dalgey mey ma
samb ihihinza ka no gey borey se. To, sohoŋ, ay wo kaŋ ay ka n di Suley yoŋ ga
din, borey jerey mey ni ga di dalgey man..., dalga, ma ne a se ni ga ba. To, ga
ti ga ka to ay du pala wo.
Now,
they came and talked to us. People said they got a part of the farmland, and
the delegates said they also got a part of the farmland. They asked how many
parcels of farmland, and they said six. They said that the guys including
Sourey, who started the coup, take six, I mean, three, the delegates also take
three, and told them to give them to their family. As for me, who was relying
on Sourey and his people, some people [said], eYou should get it.f The
delegates . . . the delegate [said], eTell him he can get it if he wants.f
Thatfs how I got that farmland.
łÄAťęĹŢçŞâÁÄÄAbđľ˝BlŃĆÍlČćĚęđ^Ś˝Ćž˘Aă\˝żŕlČćĚęđ^Ś˝ĆžÁ˝BŢçÍlČć͢žƢ˘AŢçÍ6ÂĆŚ˝BŢçÍAĹÍN[f^𨹾˝XC˝żÍAlČć6ÂcA3ÂđĆčAă\˝żŕ3ÂđĆčAŠŞĚgŕÉ^ŚëĆžÁ˝BłÄAXC˝żÉőľÄ˘˝í˝ľÍƢ¤ĆAęűĚlŃĆÍu¨ÜŚŞŚévkĆž˘lAă\˝żcAă\ÍAu]ŢĚČçĆžÁÄâęvkĆžÁ˝lBłÄAą¤ľ˝íŻĹAí˝ľÍ ĚlČćđŚ˝B
\\ Huun.
Ay faham.
Hmm.
I get it.
Ó¤ńBíŠčÜľ˝B
A) Miso
k ey te ka duw'a no-ya. Ay man nooru ka, yene heri kul ka. Ay naŋ di de, Suley,
ay ne a se : áAy ga ba pala hal wa duâ. A ne ay se : áToâ. Ga ti han f a ka k ey ga naan ey se. Ga ti han
fo a ka ir do kaŋ Suley ga naaney, e, naŋ go ga hoorey wal naŋ go cim. Ay ne
wallaay naŋ go cim. A n ey se to. Ga ti a ci ga celey se. A n ey s ey ma koy
tunanda ra,ay ne a si te senni. A ne wo-din mant ay senni no, ay ma koy tunandi
de. Ay koy kambu fa tunandi. To, ga ti hano k i koy ciito te. Suley ne i ma
G.A. hantum. Ga ti i na fersi in da G.A. game. Oho. Waato G.A. farga. Abdulahi
huro a ra. Miso din n ey te ka du pala din.
This
is how I got it. I didnft use money or any sort of things to get it. I just got
it. I said to Sourey, eIf you guys get it, I want it,f and he said to me, eAll
right.f Then he came one day and tested me to see if I was just joking or if I
was serious. I said I was absolutely serious. He said he got it. He then told this to his
people. He told me to go plowing. I said the delegates might not approve. He
said it was not for me to worry about and told me to go plowing. I cultivated
one part of the farmland. Then a dispute broke out. Sourey said to write down
G.A., then they split the farmland and assigned it to me and G.A. Hmm. G.A. got
tired of it, so Abudullahi took over. This is how I came to get my farmland.
ą¤ľ˝oÜŞ ÁÄAí˝ľÍŚ˝Bí˝ľÍ¨ŕđgÁ˝íŻĹÍČŠÁ˝ľAČÉŠľç̨đgÁ˝íŻĹŕČŠÁ˝B˝žAŚ˝žŻ˝Aí˝ľÍXCÉu¨ÜŚ˝żŞŚéĚČçŮľ˘vĆž˘AŢÍí˝ľÉuíŠÁ˝vĆžÁ˝BťęĹ éúâÁÄÄí˝ľđMľ˝BÓ´ŻÄ˘˝ĚŠAťęĆŕ{CŠBí˝ľÍAâÎÉ{CžĆžÁ˝BŢÍíŠÁ˝ĆžÁ˝BťęŠçŢÍÔÉ`Ś˝BŢÍí˝ľÉkNľÉ˘ŻĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍă\˝żŞąĚbÉ[žľČ˘ĚĹÍȢŠĆžÁ˝BŢÍťęÍí˝ľĚbĹÍȢƞ˘A˘˘ŠçkNľÉ˘ŻĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍęűđkNľ˝BłÄAťęŠçWŞČłę˝BXCÍG.A.Ćć¤Éž˘AťęĹŢçÍí˝ľĆG.A.ÉŞŻ˝B¤ŢBG.A.ޤń´čľÄAAuhDCŞüÁ˝Bą¤ľ˝oÜĹAí˝ľÍŚ˝B
\\ Nn.
A, G.A. banda Abdulahi no ka du, de soohoŋ mo Abdulahi no ka far?
Letfs
see. Um, Abudullahi got the farmland after G.A., so Abudullahi is
cultivating it?
ŚŚĆB AG.A.Ě ĆAuhDCŞŚÄAťęĹAuhDCŞkěľÄéńšŠB
A) Abdulahi
ka g a ra. G.A. wo ka goy, goyo na taabandi. Ga ti Abdulahi duw'a. A ne
Abdulahi ma sambu.Ya n ey te ka duw'a.
Abudullahi
is there. G.A. got tired of work, work. Thatfs why Abudullahi got the land. He
said Abudullahi should take it. Thatfs how I got it.
AuhDCŞ˘éńžBG.A.ÍƢ¤ĆAdAdÉćęÄľÜÁ˝BťęĹAuhDCŞŚ˝BŢÍAuhDCŞĆęĆžÁ˝BąĚć¤Éí˝ľÍŚ˝B
\\ Ay
faham. De waato din wo ke, may, may no ka ti hayo, deluge no?
All
right. By the way, who were, um, the delegates at that time?
íŠčÜľ˝BĆąëĹÍNŞAŚŚĆă\žÁ˝ńšŠB
A) Waato
din. Ne-wo Fuliyande ra lokuco din...
At
that time? At that time, here in Fuliyande . . .
Š˘BąątAfĹÍcB
KŇ Mate
war hiire.
A visitor: Good evening.
ąńÎńÍB
A) Samuyi
walla kal baani. Lokuoco din Buuba no ga dalge Fuliyande ra. Oho. To, Guruma
here mo, e, Amiiru wo, a go dalge waati din.
Good evening. At that time, Bouba was the delegate from Fuliyande.
Right. On the west bank, it was, um, Amir. He was the delegate at that time.
ąńÎńÍBÍu[o[29]ŞtAfĚă\žÁ˝B¤ŢBÉźÝÍƢ¤ĆAŚŚĆAA~[žAŢŞÍă\žÁ˝B
\\ Sandi?
Haha.
Sandi?
Ha.
TfBšŠ[30]BÍ AÍ B
A) Zama
Sandi da Buuba gey n i ka han folloŋ.
Thatfs
because Sandi and Bouba were removed on the same day.
Ƣ¤ĚŕTfBĆu[oAŢ窯śúɊ꽊çËB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
A) Boro,
K.L. go dalge. E*. Ne-wo Fuliyande Buuba, Sandi, K.L., e, mey no koyne,dalgey
ra. B.H..
That
guy, K.L., was also a delegate. Well* [The neighbor talks to the speaker, and
the speaker responds.]. Here in Fuliyande, there was Bouba, Sandi, K.L., and,
um, who else? Oh, B.H.
˘ÂAK.L.[31]ŕă\žÁ˝BŚŚĆ*k×lŞbľŠŻAbŇŕŚélBąątAfŞu[oĹATfBŞ˘ÄAK.L.Ş˘ÄAŚŚĆ ĆNŞă\ɢ˝ŠBB.H.[32].
\\ *
*kAsks what the fatherfs name is.l
*kĚźđ˝¸ËélB
A) *Amma
sohoŋ a si no, a si dalge.
*kSays the fatherfs name.lBut hefs not here
anymore. Hefs no longer a delegate.
*kĚźđž¤lžŞĄÍ˘Č˘AĄÍă\ĹÍȢB
\\ Ha.
Oh.
Í B
A) E,
boro, M.H. Looga wono wo.
Letfs
see. That guy. M.H. That guy from Looga.
ŚŚĆA ˘ÂAM.H.[33]A[KĚ ˘ÂB
\\ Huhun.
Ha, ha, ha. Soohoŋ mo delge no wala?
I
see. I see. Hefs still a delegate, isnft he?
ÓŢÓŢBÍ AÍ AÍ BĄŕă\šćËB
A) Oho
me, ba sohoŋ.
Youfre
right. He still is.
ť¤ĆŕAĄĹŕžB
\\ Hi
banbata koyo? Un.
Hefs
the owner of a big boat, right? Yeah.
ĺ^Ě{[gĚżĺšćËB¤ńB
A) Da.
May no koyne Looga ra. Da J.L.. A si dalge sohoŋ. Da, mey ti ifa? Looga dalge
fa ga ba ka derey se. Loga.
And
who else was there in Looga? And J.L. Hefs not a delegate anymore. And who was
the last one? I forget the last delegate from Looga. Looga.
ťęĆA Ć[KĹÍNžÁ˝ŠBťęĆJ.L.[34]AĄÍă\ɢȢBťęĆŕ¤ĐĆčÍNžB[KĚă\ŕ¤ĐĆčđYęÄľÜÁ˝B[KB
\\ Sohoŋ...
Then
next . . .
ťęĹÍÉcB
A) Da
S.M., Saaba. Da K.K.. A go dalgey ba sohoŋ gan da S.M.. Da. Mey ni ga ne. D.I. A si dalge sohoŋ.
And
S.M. and K.K. from Saaba. They are still delegates. And who else? D.I. He is
not a delegate anymore.
ťęĆT[oĚS.M.AťęĆK.K.[35]AŢçÍĄĹŕă\žBťęĆNžÁ˝ŠBD.I.[36]BĄÍă\ɢȢB
\\ Man
boro no?
Where
was he?
ÇąĚlšŠB
A) Saaba.
Borey wey no go no waati din.
Saaba.
They were [the delegates].
T[oBŢçŞkă\ĚnĘÉl˘˝B
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
A) Un.
Amma Looga wo, ay wo boro fo man jan ka der ey se.
Hmm.
But I forget the last one from Looga.
¤ŢB˝ž[KÉ¢ÄÍAí˝ľÍŕ¤ĐĆčđYęÄľÜÁ˝ćB
\\ Huun.
Huun. De waato kaŋ, e, sanga de, e, borey sanga borey man hin ka bana hari
nooru, ga da se no i taay'a?
I
see. I see. And, um, some people, um, so some people couldnft pay for the
water. Thatfs why their farmland was taken away. Is that right?
Ó¤ńBÓ¤ńBťęĹŚŚĆA él˝żŞAŚŚĆAÂÜč él˝żŞ
ĚăŕđĽŚČŠÁ˝AťęĹóŻĆçę˝Ć˘¤ąĆšËB
A) Oho.
I paley koma.
Right.
The farmland was taken away.
¤ŢBlČ檌°˝B
\\ I
paley koma.De, dalgey wo ke i ga ba i ma cer fersi gey gamo ra hinne?
The
farmland was taken away. And the delegates. Did they want to split the farmland
among themselves?
lČ檌°˝BťęĹă\ÍƢ¤ĆAŢçžŻĹŞŻ˝ŠÁ˝ńšŠB
A) Ha'a.
Sohoŋ kaŋ paley koma din? Borey no ga koy dalgey do, ma ne dalgey se hal pala
koma ay ga ba. Ya-din n i te. Oho, To, ay mo borey wey kaŋ go ga yenge da dalgey,
gey s ey har. Oho. Wol ni man faham?
No.
Well, you mean, when the farmland was taken away? I went to the delegates and
told them that if farmland gets taken away, I want it. Thatfs what I did. Hmm.
I, too, talked to them, the people who fought with the delegates. Hmm. Donft
you understand?
ť¤śáȢBŚŚĆAlČ檌°˝Š˘Bă\ĚĆąëÉsÁÄAlČ檌°˝çAŮľ˘Ćă\ÉžÁ˝ńžBť¤ľ˝ńžB¤ŢBłÄí˝ľŕAă\˝żĆÁ˝lŃĆAŢçÉbľ˝B¤ŢBíŠçȢŠËB
\\ Ay
man faham. Ya-din ga ha kaŋ se war te ciiti?
I
donft understand. So why did you guys have a dispute?
íŠčÜšńBžŠçAČş Č˝˝żÍWľ˝ńšŠB
A) Hun.
Borey din, lokoco din i ne gey naŋ ga dalgey din ka.Oho. Ga no..., ga ti ciiti
yoŋo k i te.
Hmm.
Those guys said they would remove the delegates. Hmm. Thatfs . . . Thatfs why
we had a dispute.
ÓŢB ĚAÍËAă\đĆžÁĢ˝B¤ŢBťęŞcAťęĹWľ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha.
N? Dalgey yoŋ kaayoŋo ciiti no? A, ayyo! Ay man faham, ya-din no.
Oh.
Hmm. The dispute was to remove the delegates. I see. I didnft understand that
part. I see.
Í BńBă\˝żđ˝ßĚWžÁ˝ńšŠB AČéŮÇBíŠÁÄÜšńĹľ˝Ať¤ČńšŠB
A) Borey
jerey ne gey m i ka, jerey mey si i bande.Ga ka to i ciiti. Sohoŋ boro yoŋ ka
waafaku. ka ney gey g i ka. Ni faham.
There
were those who tried to remove them, and there were those who didnft. As a
result, a dispute broke out. Now, some people allied under an agreement that
they would remove them. You understand?
Ţçđą¤ĆľÄ˘élŃĆŞ˘ÄAť¤ľČŠÁ˝lŃĆŞ˘éBťĚĘAWÉČÁ˝BłÄAęűĚlŃĆÍƢ¤ĆAŢçđƢ¤ąĆĹŻżľ˝BíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
understand.
íŠčÜľ˝B
A) Borey
jerey si waafako ra, ni bey a ga te ciiti. Sohoŋ hal ir ne i man ka presidaŋtarey,
ay wo n i man ka, K.L. wo ne i sin ka.
The
rest of the people were not part of the alliance. Thatfs because it would lead
to a dispute. For example, we said, eLetfs remove the board chair.f I said,
eLetfs remove the board chair.f And K.L. said he wouldnft.
ĚąčĚlŃĆÍAťĚŻżĚȊɢȊÁ˝BWÉČéŠçžćB˝ĆŚÎAí˝ľ˝żŞˇđą¤AąĚí˝ľŞˇđą¤Ćž˘AK.L.ÍƢ¤ĆAŠČ˘Ć˘¤B
\\ Ohoŋ,
ohoŋ.
I
see.
ÓŢÓŢB
A) K.L.
gonda cele, ay gonda cele, ni bey ir ga ciiti. O. Manti bora kul ka ne i m i
ka. Borey jerey de. Oho
K.L.
has his people, and I have my people. You know? Then we fight. Right. Not
everyone wants to remove them. Itfs only some people. Hmm.
K.L.ÉÍÔŞ˘ÄAí˝ľÉŕÔŞ˘ÄAíŠéžë¤Aí˝ľ˝żÍWˇéB¤ŢBÝČŞŢçđą¤Ćž¤íŻĹÍȢ̞BꞯžB¤ŢB
\\ E,
borey kaŋ, kaŋ ka, kaŋ ka ga ti Sandi, amiiru, a kaa?
Well,
the person, the person who was removed was Sandi. The chief was removed. Am I
right?
ŚŚĆAŠę˝lAlƢ¤ĚŞTfBAńˇŞŠę˝ńšËB
A) A
go Dalge waati din.
He
was a delegate at that time.
Íă\žÁ˝ńžB
\\ Hun,
waati din amma war ka?
I
see. At that time. But you guys removed him.
ÓŢBÍBĹŕ Č˝Ş˝Ş˘˝ńšËB
A) Ha'a.
Waati din i man hun.
No.
He didnft leave at that time.
˘˘âBÍŁęČŠÁ˝B
\\ I
man hun?
He
didnft?
ŁęČŠÁ˝ńšŠB
A) I
man hun.
He
didnft.
ŁęČŠÁ˝B
\\ I
man hun.
He
didnft.
ŁęČŠÁ˝B
A) Kokor
banda no i n i barmey. Ni bey, da te jiiri hinnza kul i barmey. To, barmey fo
yoŋ ga kaŋ ir koy, ga n i na, gen da Buuba wo barmey. I na Suley daŋ, Buuba wo
dogo ra, i na Ziibo daŋ Sandi dogo ra. Oho..
He
was replaced afterwards. You see? They get replaced every three years. So at
the next change, we went over there and replaced him with Bouba. Sourey
replaced Bouba, and Z.T. replaced Sandi.
ťĚăAÖŚçę˝ĚžBíŠéËA3N˛ĆÉÖíéBťęĹĚđÖĚĆŤÉí˝ľ˝żÍsÁÄAŢĆąąĚu[ođÖŚ˝Bu[o̢˝ĆąëÉXCŞuŠę˝BTfBĚĆąëÉAZ.T.[37]ŞuŠę˝B
\\ Hun.
E, ay man hafam. Ciiti ga ti fo no? Ci, ciiti may da may no ga ciiti?
Huh.
Um, I donft understand. What was the dispute about? Who were involved in the
dispute?
Ó¤ńBŚŚĆAíŠçȢšËBWƢ¤ĚÍ˝žÁ˝ńšŠBŻAWÍANĆNŞľ˝ńšŠB
A) Borey
kaŋ ne gey ma dalgey ka, gen da dalgey ka ciiti. Oho..
Those
who tried to remove the delegates and the delegates had a dispute. Hmm.
ă\đą¤Ćľ˝lŃĆAŢçĆă\ŞWľ˝ńžB¤ŢB
\\ Ifo
se i ciiti no? Delgey da war?
Why
did you have a dispute? You guys and the delegates.
ČşWľ˝ńšŠBă\Ć Č˝˝żÍB
A) Da
alfarey. Waati din ir wey si urggaa ra. I ne gey m i ka, gey mey ne gey si hun.
Co-op
members. We werenft at the irrigated farmland at that time. They said, eLeave,f
and the others said, eNo.f
gőłBí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAAHAɢȊÁ˝BŢçÍŁęëĆžÁÄAźűÍŁęȢƞÁ˝B
\\ Hun.
Gey si hun, e, Delgetara? Ayyo. May no?
Ha.
They didnft leave. Um, you mean they didn't leave the position of delegates,
correct? I see. Who?
Ó¤ńBŢçÍŁęČŠÁ˝AŚŚĆAă\ĚnĘŠçšËBČéŮÇBNŞB
A) Ehe?
Hmm.
Í B
\\ May
no?
Who?
NŞB
A) Wo
fo yoŋ dalgey? Borey kaŋ ay ci ni se waati din borey kaŋ go no.
You
mean who were the delegates? Those people Ifve told you. Those who were there
at that time.
NŞă\žÁ˝ŠÁÄBí˝ľŞ¨ÜŚÉžÁ˝lŃĆA˘˝ŇžćB
\\ Borey
kul? I, i, i man yedda. i, i man yedda ka fatta dargetara. Ho, ay faham, ay
faham.
All
those people? The-, the-, they didnft, they didnft agree to leave the
delegatesf position, right? Hm. I see. I see.
Ěl˝żÝČšŠBŠAŠAŢçÍłřAŢçÍă\ĚnĘŠçoÄąĆđłřľÜšńĹľ˝ËB٨AíŠčÜľ˝AíŠčÜľ˝B
A) To,
borey din kaŋ ne gey m i ka din, i jama si ba gumo. Oho. Ga ka to i yenge. Oho.
To, borey din k i na paley no ir wey se, i n ey no, i na G.A. no. I na borey
jerey k i no derey se palaa hinza din, boro hinka hinka gam i ga palaa fo fey.
To, gey mey ne gey man yedda. To, ga ti i koy ciiti kaŋ kumandaŋo ka, a ne
sohoŋ wol pala marje no borey din sa, sambu. I ne pala hinza gey n i nooyandi I
ne to, shoŋ i ma ciito wi. Dalgey ma gaabu pala hinza Borey hendi mey wey k i
ben ka no i ma fend'ey borey din si ma si taayey. Oho.
Right.
Those who said, eLetfs remove them,f that group wasnft that big. So it became a
dispute. Right. And those who gave me farmland gave it to me and G.A. They gave
three parcels of farmland to the rest of the people. I forget who, but they
gave them to those people. One part of the farmland was divided by two people.
Now, they said they were not going to condone it. So it became a dispute. The
commander came and said some of the farmland was t-, taken. They said it was
three parcels of farmland that were taken. They said, eAll right. The dispute
is over.f The delegates take three parcels of farmland. The other people donft
say, eDonft take it,f and let it be over. Hmm.
ť¤AŢçđą¤ĆžÁ˝lŃĆÍƢ¤ĆAťĚęcÍťęŮÇĺŤČŠÁ˝BťęŢÉČÁ˝B¤ŢBťęĹAąĚí˝ľ˝żÉlČćđ^Ś˝lŃĆÍAí˝ľÉ^ŚAG.A.É^Ś˝BŢçÍ3ÂĚlČćđĚąčĚlŃĆAťęŞNžÁ˝ŠÍYęÄľÜÁ˝ŞAŢçÉ^Ś˝AĐĆÂĚlČćŞ2lĹŞŻçę˝BłÄAŢçÍͳȢƞÁ˝BťęĹWÉČÁÄAi߯ŞÄA˘ÂĚlČćŞAĆAĆçę˝ĚžĆžÁ˝BŢçÍ^Ś˝lČć3žƞÁ˝BŢçÍćľAĹÍWÍIíčžĆžÁ˝Bă\ÍlČćđ3ÂĆéBŕ¤ęűĚlŃĆŕAóĆéČĆží¸AIíčɡéB¤ŢB
\\ Ho.
E, ay man faham ka boori. Ciito wo-wo ke, sanga boro kaŋ ga ba a ma sobey ka
goro, e, dalgeetara de go no, de boro jerey ka ne i ma fatta. Wala?. De i ga
sobey ka ciiti, de ciito wo ra no, e.., i ga uruggaa fersi wala?
Ha.
I still donft quite understand. In this dispute, letfs see, so some people
wanted to stay in the delegatesf position, and the other side wanted them to
leave. Right? Then they continued to fight, and during the dispute, the
irrigated farmland was divided. Am I right?
٨BÜžćíŠčÜšńBąĚWÍƢ¤ĆAŚŚĆAÂÜčă\ĚnĘÉĆÇÜ轢lŞ˘ÄAŕ¤ęűÍoëĆž¤Bť¤ĹˇËBťęĹWľÂĂŻÄAťĚWĚČŠĹAAHAÍŞŻçę˝ńšËB
A) Paley.
Farmland.
lČćB
\\ Paley.
I ga waani me. Sanga faro fersi senni, e, delgetara fata yoŋ senni wo ke i ga
waani wala? Amma...
Farmland.
Thatfs different. I mean, the story about dividing the field and, um, the story
about leaving the delegatesf position are different. But . . .
lČćŞBá¤Ĺľĺ¤BÂÜč¨đíŻébĆAŚŚĆAă\ĚnĘđoébÍAá¤ĹľĺBŻęÇcB
A) Ikkul
cer bande n i go.
They
are two sides of the same coin.
\ ęĚłB
\\ Ayyo!
Oh
yeah?
ť¤B
A) Oho.
Sohoŋ kaŋ i ne i ma fatta din, i ne... Ha'a. Ayyo to, kaŋ paley koma din,borey
kaŋ go n i ma fatta din, borey koy i do i ne, boro yoŋ koy i do ka ne ka ne gey
ga ba pala. Boro yoŋ koy dalgey do ka ne gey ga ba pala. Gey mey n i no, sohoŋ
ay wo ni m ey ne Suley se n ey ci ka ne wo ay ga ba pala. Ay man ci dalgey kul
se, Suley si dalge waati din, ay mana, ay ne Suley se hal i du kul ey ga ba
pala. A n ey se ayyo. Ay cine fo yoŋ mey ci i borey se. To, ga ti i n ey no
palaa din.
Right.
When they told them to leave, they . . . No. Well, when the farmland was taken
away, there were some people who went to those guys who told them to leave, and
these people said they wanted farmland. The other people went to the delegates
and said they wanted farmland, and the delegates gave farmland to them. As for
me, I told Sourey that I wanted farmland. I didnft say that to the delegates at
all. Sourey wasnft a delegate at that time. I didnft say it. I said to Sourey,
eIf you get some farmland, I want it.f He said to me, eAll right.f People like
me talked to their family. Right. Thatfs how they gave me farmland.
¤ŢBÂÜčoÄŻĆžÁ˝ĆŤAŢçÍcB˘˘âBćľAlČ檌°˝ĆŤAoĢŻĆžÁ˝AAŢçĚĆąëÉsÁ˝lŃĆŞ˘ÄAťĚl˝żŞlČćŞŮľ˘ĆžÁ˝íŻžBŕ¤ęűĚl˝żÍAă\˝żĚĆąëÉlČćŞŮľ˘Ćž˘ÉsŤAă\ŕŢçÉ^Ś˝íŻžBťęĹí˝ľÍƢ¤ĆAXCÉlČćŞŮľ˘ĆžÁ˝íŻžBí˝ľÍAă\ÉÍęŘť¤žíČŠÁ˝BXCÍÜžă\ĹÍČŠÁ˝Bí˝ľÍžíČŠÁ˝Bí˝ľÍXCÉAྌ˝çAlČćŞŮľ˘ĆžÁ˝BŢÍí˝ľÉuíŠÁ˝vĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľĚć¤ČAŞAťĚgŕÉž˘É˘Á˝íŻžBť¤Aą¤ľÄŢçÍí˝ľÉlČćđ^Ś˝íŻžB
\\ Ya-din
ga delugey mo kaŋ ga ba, kaŋ ga ba i ma sobey ka goro delugetara. Wo-wo ke, gan
da borey kaŋ go dergey din bande gamo ra hinne no i ga ba i ma fersi gey,
urugga.
So
the delegates, the delegates also wanted to stay in their position. They wanted
to divide the irrigated farmland among them and the people on their side.
ÂÜčă\ŕAă\ŕŢçÍă\ĚnĘÉĆÇÜčÂĂŻ˝˘BÂÜčAŢçĆă\̤ɢélŃĆžŻĹAŢçĚAHA𪯽˘ĆB
A) Gey
borey se.
For
their family.
ŠŞ˝żĚgŕĚ˝ßÉB
\\ Gey
borey se.
For
their family.
ŠŞ˝żĚgŕĚ˝ßÉB
A) Pala.
Oho
Divide
farmland. Yeah.
lČćđËB¤ŢB
\\ To,
sanga de Suley wo ke a ne wo a si te?
Right.
Thatfs why Sourey said, eThatfs not good.f
ť¤AžŠçXCÍAćȢƞÁ˝ńšËB
A) Oho,
gey mey, gey ciney, gey mey ne wo si te.
Hmm.
They said, among themselves, eThatfs not good.f
¤ŢBŢçÍAŢç̤ĹAťęÍćȢƞÁ˝ĚžB
\\ De
i ma fatta dergetara. Ahã, to, de i ciiti. De, e, sanga, dergey wo ke, e,
dergey kul i man dira wala? I man fatta?
Then
they demanded the delegates give up their positions. I see. Thatfs why they had
the dispute. And letfs see. So the delegates. Well, did the delegates leave?
Did they leave?
ťęĹă\ĚnĘŠçoëBť¤â¤˝BÖŚAťęĹWđľ˝BťęĆAŚŚĆAžŠçAă\ÍƢ¤ĆAŚŚĆAă\ÍoĢŤÜľ˝ŠBoÜľ˝ŠB
A) E,
tamo din.
Well.
At that time?
ŚŚĆBťĚĆŤŠ˘B
\\ Tamo
din.
At
that time.
ťĚƍšB
A) Tamo
din her kul man fatta.
They
didnft leave at all.
ťĚĆŤÍÜÁ˝oČŠÁ˝B
\\ Her
kul man fatta.
They
didnft leave at all.
ÜÁ˝oČŠÁ˝B
A) Her
kul man fatta.
They
didnft leave at all.
ÜÁ˝oČŠÁ˝B
\\ Amma
hayo faro wo ke, i ma fersi dergey nda e, ha, borey gamo ra?
But the field, they wanted to split it among the delegates and, um,
uh, their family.
ľŠľťĚA¨ÍƢ¤ĆAŢçÍă\ĆAŚŚĆA AťĚgŕĚČŠžŻĹŞŻ˝ŠÁ˝B
A) Da
borey sanga áOrobelâ n i ga n i se. Orobel. I ma fersi gan d'ey game. Oho.
Their
family. eOllobel.f Thatfs what we call them. Ollobel. They said to divide it
with them. Hm.
ťĚgŕAÂÜčuIxvĆť¤˘¤l˝żĚąĆđž¤ĚžBIxBŢçĆŞŻëĆžÁ˝B¤ŢB
\\ De
wo-din banda no, jiiri hinza banda, wa, waato kaŋ lokkoco to, e, i na(nii)
barmey.
And
then after that, three years later, when the time came, they were replaced.
Thatfs what you are saying.
ťęĹťĚăÉA3NăÉAťĚĆŤŞ˝ĆŤÉAÖŚçę˝AĆB
A) I
ne i ga dalgey barmey. Ga ti k ir ka ka koy Amiiru koyre, i ne dalgey barmey
yoŋ to. Ga ti na Buuba din ka, i na Suley daŋ. I na Sandi ka, i na Ziibo daŋ. Looga here din mo i na Joori ka, i na Alzuma(Hallasi)
daŋ. Oo
They
said, eLetfs change the delegates.f So we went to the chieffs house and told
him that we had replacements. Then we replaced Bouba with Sourey. We replaced
Sandi with Z.T. In Looga, we replaced J.L. with A.H. Hmm.
ŢçÍă\đÖŚć¤ĆžÁ˝BťęĹí˝ľ˝żÍşˇîÉsŤAđÖŞ˝ĆžÁ˝BťęĹu[ođŤAXCđu˘˝BTfBđŤAZ.T.đu˘˝B[KĚ٤ĹŕAJ.L.đ˘ÄAA.H.[38]đu˘˝B¤ŢB
\\ Huun.
Wo-wo ke mate kaŋ cine no i ga suuba, dargey wo ke?
I
see. How did you choose the delegates at that time?
Ó¤ńBťĚĆŤÍǤâÁÄă\đIńžĚšŠB
A) Suuba
yoŋo?
How
did we choose them?
IŃűŠ˘B
\\ Hn.
Sappa? I ga te, i ga sappa?
Yes.
Did you have an election? Was there an election?
ŚŚBIđľ˝ńšŠAIšŠB
A) I
si sappe.Koyra borey de ma suuba bora k i ga ba. Oho. Ya-din n i ga te.
There
wasnft an election. The people in the settlement chose who they liked. Right.
Thatfs how we did it.
IśáȢBWĚlÔŞDÜľ˘lđIÔB¤ŢBť¤ˇéB
\\ Ya-din
no.
Is
that so?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
A) Oho.
I si sappe.
Is
that so?
¤ŢBIśáȢB
\\ Huun.
Dergetara wo ke a ka kaan no wala a si kaan no?
Huh.
I wonder if the delegatefs status has no appeal.
Ó¤ńBă\ĚnĘͤÜݪȢńšŠËB
A) Wallaahi
ay wo man bey ka hur a ra.
Wallahi.
Ifve never had the position.
b[qAí˝ľÍüÁ˝ąĆŞČ˘ŠçČB
\\ Huun.
Ni wo ke ni si baar'a?
Huh.
You wouldnft like it?
Ó¤ńB Č˝ÍDŤśáȢńšŠB
A) Sohoŋ
da bumbo ke ay si baar'a, shoŋ da bumbo ke, a man huro ay lakkalo ra. Oho.
I
wouldnft want to do it even if I were asked. Even if I were asked to do it, it
wouldnft be worth considering. Hmm.
˝ĆŚbŞ˝ĆľÄŕžËB˝ĆŚbŞ˝ĆľÄŕAlśÉlľČ˘B¤ŢB
\\ Derge
wo ke goy fo dumi no i ga te?
What
do delegates do?
ă\ÍÇńČdđˇéńšŠB
A) Sohoŋ
dalgey wey hal marga te huwo do, i jine borey din i ga ca ka ne dalgey kul ma
ka. I ma deed i se wo kaŋ te, i ma ka ya, ir koyra wono k i daŋ B.A. wo, a ma
ka a ma har ir se wo kaŋ boŋ gey koy marga Jomoona. Oho. I ne war ma ka ka goy
filaana te han filaana. I ne her filaana wo ya-cine gey go ga te, a ma ka ka ci
ir se. Da urugga wo, haro wo, i ga hawzu. Da n pala ga ba ka hasara ni ga har i
se i ma ka ka diy'a. Da a ga ba hari,
ma ni cina wono daabu, bora kaŋ gonda hari din, i ma wono daabu. I ma n
wono haŋandi. Da wan ne war ga fitina, di ka ka di ni kaŋ sinda cimi, i ga ne
ma naŋ da n man naŋ, i ga n jukke nooru. Oho. Ya-din i ti goyo k i ga te
uruggaa ra.
What
delegates do is, when there is a meeting at the head office, the headmen tell
all the delegates to get together. They say, eWefll discuss what to do, so
come.f In this settlement, itfs B.A. He will come to tell us what was discussed
in the meeting in Djomona. Hm. He says to us, eDo this on this day,f and eThey
do this in that way.f He tells us. And in the irrigated farmland, theyfre the
ones in charge of the water there. If your farmland seems to be in a bad shape,
you tell them and have them look at it. If you want water, but if yours is
closed up, you close up the ones of those who have a lot of water and irrigate
your land. And if you guys are bickering, they decide who is wrong. They let it
go sometimes, and they fine fees at other times. Hmm. Thatfs the type of work
they do at irrigated farmland.
ă\ÍƢ¤ĆAąÇĹWďŞ éÎ ˘AOĚl˝żŞAă\ÍÝČWÜéć¤ÉĆž¤BǤˇéŠđbˇŠçA˘Ćž¤BąĚWĹÍťąĚB.A.[39]žŞAí˝ľ˝żÉWiĹĚWďĹbľ í꽹Ćđ`Śé˝ßÉAŢŞéąĆÉČéB¤ŢBąęąęĚúÉąęąęĚdđľëĆžíęéBą¤˘¤ąĆ𠢤ӤɾĢéĆž¤Bí˝ľ˝żÉ`ŚçęéBťęĆAHAĹÍAťĚ
ÍAŢçŞÄ¡éBŕľlČćŞóꝤČçA¨ÜŚÍŢçÉbľAŠÄŕç¤Bŕľ
ŞŮľ˘ČçA¨ÜŚĚŕĚŞÓłŞÁĢéČçA
đ˝łńŕÁĢéŇĚŕĚđÓłŹA¨ÜŚĚŕĚđóňˇéBťęƨ܌˝żŞű_ľÄ˘˝çAłľČ˘Ů¤đŠÉßA éĆŤÉÍ٤ÁĨŤA éĆŤÉÍąŕđȡB¤ŢBť¤˘¤dđAHAĹ͡éĚžB
\\ I
ga du nooru no? Saleer.
Do
they get paid? I mean, wages.
¨ŕÍŚçęéńšŠBżĹˇB
A) K
i bana?
Get
paid?
Ľíę銢B
\\ Oho.
banando.
Payment.
xĽĹˇB
A) I
si bana.
They
donft get paid.
ĽíęȢB
\\ A
si no. A si kaanu me*.
No payment? I guess there is no appeal* [laughs].
ȢńšŠB¤ÜÝÍȢńšË*kΤlB
A) I
si bana ley!
They
get nothing.
ÜÁ˝ĽíęȢB
\\ Ho.
Ya-din no.
Ha.
Is that right?
٨Bť¤ČńšŠB
A) Kal
de jindey din,kaŋ ga haŋandi, Dalgey kul gonda jindo ka a ga lakkal. Hal i na
ma wi, ikkulu gonda nooru keyna k i g i no. Ga mo a si ba gumo. Oho.
HkđߎéxĽlžŻžBă\ÍÝČŠŞŞÇˇé
HđŕÂBűnŞIíÁ˝çAÝČŞľĂ¨ŕđnˇBťęŕłŮǽȢB¤ŢB
Only
[the payment] for the canal. All delegates have canals that they manage. Once
harvesting is done, everyone pays them a small fee. And thatfs not that much,
either. Hmm.
A) Ya-din
no. Hun. De K.L. wo ke jampe siis, e, sekureteer no?
Is
that so? Ha. And K.L. was GMP6fs, um, clerk?
ť¤ČńšŠBÓ¤ńBťęĹK.L.ÍGMP6ĚAŚŚĆALČńĹľ˝ÁŻB
A) N?
Ha'a.
Huh?
No.
ńB˘˘âB
\\ Presidaŋ?
Huhun?
Director.
I see.
ˇBÓńÓńB
A) Urugga
kul.
For
the entire irrigated farmland.
AHASĚĚžB
\\ Urugga
kul wone?
For
the entire irrigated farmland.
AHASĚĚB
A) Sekureteer
no.
A
clerk.
LžB
\\ Wala?
Right?
ť¤ČńšćËB
A) Oho.
Uruggaa kul.
Right.
For the entire irrigated farmland.
¤ŢBAHASĚĚžB
\\ Oho.
áfilaanaâ bine?
Yes.
What about so-and-so?
ŚŚB˘^ŁÍǤšŠB
A) Urugga
kul puresidan no.
The
head office manager for the entire irrigated farmland.
AHASĚ̹ǡžB
\\ Puresidan
go no sekureteer mo go no. Ay faham sohoŋ.
There
is the head office manager and the secretary-general. Now I understand.
ąÇˇŞ˘ÄALˇŞ˘éBć¤âíŠčÜľ˝B
A) Terezoriye
mo go no. Oho.
There
is also an accountant. Hmm.
ďvŕ˘éźB¤ŢB
\\ Ay
faham. Ya-din no.
I
see. Is that right?
íŠčÜľ˝Bť¤ČńšŠB
k^šâ~l[End of recording]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
\\ Ya-din
ga Gorɲo-haamey borey laabo wo ke man no a go? Fuliyande bumbo mo manti gey
wone nda, Koorugungu mo manti gey wone nda. Man no gey labu go?
That
leads to my question: where is the land of the people of Gornyo haamey?
Fuliyande is not theirs, and nor is Korgoungou Island. Where is their land?
Ƣ¤ąĆÍASjEn[CĚlŃĆĚynÍƢ¤ĆAÇąÉ čܡŠBtAfŠĚÍŢçĚŕĚĹÍȢľAR[OOŕŢçĚŕĚĹÍȢBÇąÉŢçĚynÍ éĚšŠB
K)[40] Naŋ
man ma nango kaŋ n ir dumbandi ni se?
I
made it clear for you, but you didnft understand?
í˝ľ˝żŞ¨ÜŚĚ˝ßÉťĚęđŘčžľÄâÁ˝ĚÉAíŠçČŠÁ˝ĚŠ˘B
\\ Ay
si bey.
I
donft know.
mčÜšńB
I)[41] Gorɲo wo, hangan, hal cimo ni ga ba.
Gornyo
is . . . Listen. If you want the truth.
SjÍžËAˇŤČł˘Aྨ܌Ş^Ŕđ]ńŢéČçB
\\ Cimi
no ay ga ba.
I
do want the truth.
^Ŕđ]ńŢܡB
I) Ni
faham. Gorɲo wo manti kal Toomare boro no. Gorɲo bumbo manti kal Toomare boro no.
Look,
Gornyo is from Tomare. Gornyo himself is from Tomare.
íŠéËBSjÍžËAg[}ĚlÔžBSjŠgÍg[}ĚlÔžB
\\ Ayyo.
I
see.
ČéŮÇB
I) Ni
faham. Naŋ k i da hatta d i keyandi. Ni faham. Gorɲo manti kal Toomare boro no. Amma
Gorɲo wo manti kala boro no kaŋ Irkoy
na no darja, Irkoy na no, e, me-ciini, me-ciini koyne.
You
understand? The place where they first appeared. You understand? Gornyo is from
Tomare. But God gave Gornyo fame. God gave him, letfs see, gverbal words,h
gverbal words.h
íŠéËBŢ窧ż çíę˝ęBíŠéËBSjÍg[}ĚlÔžBľŠľASjÍA_ŞŢÉuźşvđ^Ś˝A_ŞŢÉAŚŚĆAuűĚžtvAuűĚžtvđžËB
K) Kotte.
Spells.
ôpB
\\ Ayyo,
kotte.
Oh
I see, spells.
ČéŮÇAôpB
I) To.
Ga no a ga..., ga no Irkoy na no. Ni faham. To, a ga naaru, ga wo, kaŋ ga wono
kotta din te, ni faham, naŋ kaŋ a goro jirbi yoŋ, kul a ga gorokasiney. Ni
faham.
Right.
He . . ., no, God gave it to him. You see? Now, he travelled, using spells. You
see? He immediately found a wife at a place where he stayed. You see?
ť¤žBťęđŢŞcAťęđ_ŞŢÉ^Ś˝BíŠéËBłÄAŢ͡đľ˝AôpđgÁÄAíŠéËAŘÝľ˝ęĹŢ͡ŽÉşľđWÁ˝BíŠéËB
\\ Ayyo.
I
see.
ČéŮÇB
I) Gorɲo wo da tunkey ne-wo Toomare, ni
faham, a si koy kal Neyni.
Gornyo
left Tomare, you see, and he first went to Neiny [name of a village].
ąĚSjąťŞg[}đżAíŠéËAܸlCjkşźlÉsÁ˝B
\\ Ayyo.
I
see.
ČéŮÇB
I) Neyni.
Sindeer no a go.
Neiny
in Sinder [name of a canton].
lCjBXBf[kJgźlÉ éB
\\ Ayyo.
Ay ga a bey. Ay ga a maayo bey
I
see. I know. I recognize the name.
ČéŮÇBmÁÄܡBťĚźÍmÁÄܡB.
I) Ba
a tun Neyni, a ga koy Yuuri. Ni faham. To, Yuuri din mo a bandey go no, gey ti
Hammadu Amadu yoŋ.
Once
he left Neiny, he went to Yuuri [name of a village]. You understand? He had
descendants in Yuuri as well, including Hanmadou Amadou.
lCjđÂĆAŢÍ[kşźlÉsÁ˝BíŠéËB[ÉŕAŢĚqˇŞ˘ÄAťęŞn}hDEA}hD˝żžB
\\ Huhun.
Hammadu Amadu. Prmier ministre.
I
see. Hanmadou Amadou. Hefs the Prime Minister.
ÓńÓńBn}hDEA}hDBńšËB
I) To,
waati kaŋ a ga bisa-bisayoŋo din te, ga no a zumbu Urufa-borey do. Ni faham. A
gorkokasiney da, e, Kaabekaarey wo. A gorokasiney da Kaabekaarey, ga ti kaŋ
sohoŋ ke, a goro yaamo ne Fuliyande wo. Wo ti sababo kaŋ n a gorandi Fuliyande.
Han din koytarey si no.
Now,
after staying there, he visited Urufa borey. You see? He found a wife named,
letfs see, Kaabekarey [name of a person]. He married Kaabekarey and this time
decided to stay here in Fuliyande. Thatfs how he came to settle in Fuliyande.
There was no chief system at that time.
łÄAťąÉŘÝľ˝ăAťęŠçŢÍEt@E{CĚŕĆđKę˝BíŠéËBŢÍşľđWÁ˝AŚŚĆAJ[xJ[CklźlžBŢÍJ[xJ[CđşľÉWčAťľÄĄxÍAťĚÜÜąątAfÉZŢąĆÉľ˝BťĚ¨Š°ĹŢÍtAfÉčZľ˝BAńˇ§ÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ay
faham.
I
understand.
íŠčܡB
I) Ay
ne koytarey si no han din. Ni faham. Ni faham ay senno se?
I
said there was no chief system. You understand? You understand what I said?
ńˇ§ŞČŠÁ˝ĆžÁ˝ĚžćBíŠÁ˝ËBí˝ľĚžtŞíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham ka boori ya, koytarey si no.
Yes,
I understand well. There was no chief system.
ćíŠÁÄܡBńˇ§ÍČŠÁ˝B
I) Ay
ne koytarey si no han din. Oho. To, hal waati kaŋ cine se no, a go no-din ga
goro, a go nga gorokasina din te. Ni faham. Kal waato kaŋ cine se no..., e,
annasaarey ka ka koytarey din daŋ. Ni faham wala? *Ay go fonda ra?
: I
said there was no chief system at that time. Hmm. Now, thatfs the kind of time
when he settled here and got married. You see? Until that time came . . . well,
until whites introduced the position of chief. You see? * [to K.L.] Am I on the
right track?
ńˇ§ÍČŠÁ˝ĆžÁ˝ĚžćB¤ŢBłÄAť¤ľ˝ăÉŢÍąąÉčZľAşľđWÁ˝BíŠéËBťĚăŞéÜĹcAŚŚĆAlŞńˇĘđąüˇéÜĹžBíŠéŠ˘B*kK.L.ÉÎľÄl´ÍšÉ˘éŠ˘B
K) Koy
de. Koytara de ir ga,* ir ma to, ir ma to dogo de.
Go
ahead. We are talking about the chief system. * [laughing] We, we, we are
almost there.
sŻćBńˇ§ĚbđľÄ˘éńžA*k΢Ȫçlí˝ľ˝żŞAí˝ľ˝żÍAí˝ľ˝żÍ˝Çč
ą¤ĆľÄ˘éB
I) To.
To, maadulla. To, waato kaŋ cine se no a ga ga wono bisayoŋo te, waato kaŋ a
gorokasiney, sohoŋ ke a zumbu Fuliyande. Kaŋ a zumbu Fuliyande, Gorɲogura no a ga goro. Ni faham.
No-din no a go, no-din no a go, kala..., e, a na ga wone izey wey hay. Isa, e,
fo no i ga ne a se mo, Hiri. Boro Sandaari, boro...
Good,
good. Thatfs right. Now, he stayed, got married, and came to Fuliyande. He came
to Fuliyande and settled in Gornyogoula. You see? He was there, he was there,
and . . . letfs see, he had ten children. Isa, letfs see, what was his name?
Hiri. And that one, Sandaari, and then . . .
ćľBćľAťĚƨčBłÄAŢÍŘÝľAşľđWčAą¤ľÄŢÍtAfđKę˝BtAfđKęÄASjO[42]ÉčZľ˝BíŠéËB ťąÉ˘ÄA ťąÉ˘ÄAťęŠçcAŚŚĆAŢÍ10lqđYńžBCTAŚŚĆAČńĆžÁ˝ŠAq[43]žBťęĆ ˘ÂAT_[[44]AťęĆcB
\\ Beybey?
Beibei.
xCxC[45]B
I) Beybey
wala?
Right,
Beibei.
xCxCžČB
K) Ayyo.
Right.
ť¤žB
I) Maadulla.
To, waati kaŋ a naŋ ga izey wey hay, to, wey ne ka ka to ngey boŋ ga, i to gey
boŋ. Ni faham. Ga ti kaŋ,e, ayyo. Beybu no, Beegun no jin i se ya.
All
right. Now, he had ten children, and they grew up. You see? And letfs see,
right. Beib. Begum was ahead of them.
\BłÄA10lqđYńĹAŢçÍâŞÄçÁĢÁ˝BíŠéËBťęŠçAŚŚĆAť¤žBxCužAx[OŞŢçćčOžÁ˝ćB
K) Oho.
Beegun ka jin, Beegun no.
Hmm.
Begum was ahead of them. Begum.
¤ŢBx[OŞOAx[OžB
I) Oho,
Beegun no jin i se, maadulla. To. Beegun ga no koytara sintin.
Right.
Begum was ahead of them. Thatfs right. The chief system began at the time of
Begum.
¤ŢBx[OŞŢçćčOžBťĚƨčB¤ŢBx[OĚĆŤńˇ§ŞÍśÜÁ˝ĚžB
K) Koytara,
Beegun no man huro.
Begum
didnft become the chief.
ńˇĘÉAx[OÍüçČŠÁ˝B
I) Ayyo.
A man huro ga bumbo.
Thatfs
right. He himself didnft.
ť¤žBŢŠgÍüçČŠÁ˝B
K) Oho.
Isa ka huro.
Right.
But Isa did.
¤ŢBCTŞüÁ˝B
I) Ayyo!
To, ni di? To, Isa din ga no annasaarey ka labo wo ra. Ni faham. Lokuci kaŋ
annasaarey man ka labo wo, kul Surgey no ga borey wi. Han din Surgey meyra ka
go no, kaŋ koytarey si no-din. Surgey no ga borey mey han din. Surgey no ga
borey mey, i ga ta jangar borey ga. Nangu fo i ga ta, alman de i ga ta.
Right.
Do you understand? Now, whites came to this land during Isafs time. You see?
Before whites were here in this land, Tuareg were massacring people. There was
Tuaregfs rule, but there wasnft a chief system. At that time, Tuareg were
controlling people. Tuareg were controlling people and receiving taxes from
people. They were receiving taxes everywhere. They were receiving taxes in the
form of livestock.
ť¤žBłÄAíŠÁ˝ŠËBłÄAąĚCTĚăÉlŞąĚnÉâÁÄ˝BíŠéËBlŞąĚynÉܞĢȊÁ˝ AgDAOŞlŃĆđECľÄ˘˝B Á˝ĚÍgDAOĚxzĹ čAťąÉńˇ§ÍČŠÁ˝BťĚ ÍgDAOŞlŃĆđxzľÄ˘˝BgDAOŞlŃĆđxzľAĹŕđlŃĆŠçóŻĆÁĢ˝BenĹóŻĆÁĢ˝BĆ{ĹóŻĆÁĢ˝B
To,
waato kaŋ cine se no, Surgey din, i na wongu sambu ka koy ka Kokor. Kokor din
no keyri. I na i tangam, i n i wi, i sey. Almano boy ka dira. Da no Kokor din
boro fo, Kokor fuula, Kokor fuula kaŋ go no hoŋ..., sohoŋ, a wone boro fo, ga
se no i ga ne, e, Bonkooga wala?
Now,
Tuareg went to Kokor to start a war. They defeated Kokor. They looted,
murdered, and drove away the people there. They stole livestock. Thatfs when
this guy in Kokor, the one in the position of chief in Kokor, the one who is
currently in the position of chief in Kokor, one of his relatives, the name was
. . . letfs see, was it Bonkoga?
łÄAAąĚgDAOÍAí˘đˇé˝ßÉRRÉsÁ˝BRRđĹżjÁ˝BŢçÍŞDľAEľAÇUçľ˝BĆ{đAęÁ˝BťąĹRRĚ éjARRĚńˇĘARRĚńˇĘÉĄ˘éŇAťĚgŕĚęlAťĚźŕcAŚŚĆA{R[KžÁ˝ŠB
K) *Oho.
Bonkooga.
*
[turning on the radio] Thatfs right. Bonkoga.
*kWIđÂŻČŞçlť¤žB{R[KžB
I) To,
Bonkooga din, ga no waati kaŋ Surgey ni..., i, i ga borey wi, i ga na i borey
sey, i na almano boy ka dira, Bonkooga din bino hasara. A fatta ka zuru, boro
kul man bey naŋ kaŋ no a koy. To, wiiza, a di ka dira, Irkoy ma na a no fonda,
a di kal de, kal, kal a koy Furansi.
Now,
this guy Bonkoga, when Tuareg . . . when he saw Tuareg murdering people,
driving people away, and taking away their livestock, Bonkoga was heartbroken.
He rushed out, but nobody knew where he went. In fact, he kept walking, and
thanks to God, who showed him the way, he made it all the way to France.
łÄAąĚ{R[KÍAgDAOŞcAlŃĆđECľAlŃĆđÇUçľAĆ{đAęÁ˝ĆŤAąĚ{R[KĚSÍ¢˝BŢÍňŃoľÄ˘Á˝ĚžŞAŢŞÇąÉsÁ˝ĚŠNŕmçČŠÁ˝BłÄAśÂÍŢÍŕŤÂĂŻA_ŞŢÉšđ¨^ŚÉČÁ˝¨Š°ĹAŢÍƨtXÉsÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Huhun.
Furansi?
I
see. France.
ÓńÓńBtXB
I) Furansi
bumbo no a koy.
Right.
He went to France.
ť¤ĆŕtXÉsÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
I) Ni
faham.
You
understand?
íŠéËB
\\ Ha'a.
No.
˘˘ŚB
I) A
koy ka ci annasaarey se, a ne i se gaacirey fo yoŋ go no gey labo ra. To,
gaacirey din, i na gey taabandi. I go ga borey wi, i go ga borey kom. Ni faham.
Waati kaŋ annasaarey na a sambu no-din, i ka a bande ne-wo. Ni faham.
Annasaarey kaŋ i ka, ga ti kaŋ i na gey wone hu beeri singi Tilabeeri, wala?
He
went to tell whites that there was a gang of gred menh in their land, and those
gred menh were bothering them because they were murdering and looting people.
You understand? After whites heard it over there, they were brought here by
him. You see? The whites came here and built a massive house for themselves in
Tilabeeri. Right?
ŢÍlÉž˘É˘Á˝BŢçĚnÉÔ˘lĚꥪ˘éBťęĹťĚuÔ˘lvŞŢçđYܚĢéBŢçÍlŃĆđECľAlŃĆđDˇéBíŠéËBlÍ żçĹťęđˇĆAŢÉAęçęÄążçÉâÁÄ˝BíŠéËBâÁÄ˝lÍAŠŞ˝żĚĺČĆđeBx[ÉÄ˝BžćČB
K) Nn.
Manti Tilabeeri, nongo kaŋ...
No,
not Tilabeeri. It was . . .
˘˘âBeBx[ĹÍȢBťĚęÍcB
\\ Dulusu?
Doulous.
hDXB
K) Dulusu
no huro.
They
entered Doulous.
hDXÉüÁ˝B
I) A,
Dulusu.
Oh,
Dourous.
AhDXB
K) Ga
ti a bisa ka Tilabeeri.
Then
they left there and went to Tilabeeri.
ťęĹťąđ§żÁÄAeBx[ÉsÁ˝ńžB
I) To,
waato kaŋ annasaarey din ka, kaŋ i na Surgey tangam gey mey. I na Surgey
tangam, Surgey din gen d'a car tangam, i na Surgey din wi, wey kaŋ cindi i
tuubi. Ni faham. Waati kaŋ Surgey, annasaarey na i tuubandi din, to, waat in no
annasaarey i ye ka koy i tenge jirbi yoŋ, banda i ye ka ka. Waat in no i ka ka
koyra kul i ga daŋ a se kurey ke. Koyra kul i ga daŋ a se kurey ke. Ni faham.
To, zabana din no annasaarey kaŋ ka ka kurey koyey din daŋ, Dulusu no a na
kurey koyey din daŋ. To, ga no a saba da Isa. To, Isa din, ga no annasaarey i
daŋ koytarey.
Thatfs
how whites came. Now, they themselves attacked Tuareg. They attacked Tuareg,
attacked each other with Tuareg, killed Tuareg, and let go those who remained.
You see? The whites let the Tuareg go. Now, whites took off again for a break
for a few days and came back. Thatfs when they came to all the villages to
appoint the ghead of the groupsh [chief]. You understand? Now, whites came to
appoint the head of the groups and appointed the head of the groups, and it
took place in Dourous. Now, itfs at this time when they allied with Isa. Right.
It was Isa the whites appointed the status of chief.
łÄAą¤ľÄlŞ˝íŻžŞAĄxÍŢçŠgŞgDAOđPÁ˝BŢçÍgDAOđP˘AgDAOĆP˘ ˘AŢçÍgDAOđEľAĚąÁ˝ŇđÍľ˝BíŠéËBgDAOđAlÍŢçđÍľ˝AłÄAťęŠçlÍÓ˝˝ŃúxÝɢÁÄAťęŠçßÁÄ˝BuWcĚĺvkńˇlđuŤÉŢ窡×ÄĚşÉâÁÄ˝ĚÍAťĚĆŤžÁ˝BíŠéËBłÄAąĚŞzđ¤śÄWcĚĺđuŤÉ˝lÍWcĚĺđu˘˝ĚžŞAťęިąČíę˝ĚÍhDXžÁ˝BłÄACTĆŻżľ˝ĚÍAąĚĆŤžÁ˝Bť¤AlŞńˇĘÉu˘˝ĚÍAąĚCTžÁ˝B
\\ Ifo
se?
Why?
ČşB
I) E'e?
Hm.
¤ńB
\\ Ifo
se? Ifo se annasaara wo ke borey boobo go no me, fo se i suuba?
Why?
Why did the whites choose him among all the people?
ČşBČşťĚlÍAlÍ˝łń˘éƢ¤ĚÉAŢđIńžĚšŠB
I) To,
maadula. Ni ga maar'a. Ni faham. Koytara din, waato kaŋ cine annasaarey din i
ka ka, i ka ka to..., e, ne-wo Fuliyande, ni faham, i hã, i ne i ga ba i ma
suuba boro fo. Oho. Gey se kaŋ gey ga maayo sambu. Ni faham. To, ga ti kaŋ
bora, borey kul di cere, han din borey i ga hambur Isa. Ni faham. Isa a gonda
baarim borey boŋ. Ga ti kaŋ borey di cere, i na Isa maayo no i se. Ni faham.
Hmm.
All right. Ifll tell you. You see? As for the status of chief, whites came,
came . . . letfs see, they asked about, you know, Fuliyande. They said, gChoose
one person.h Hmm. So that they can get the name. You see? So people, people
gathered. People were afraid of Isa at that time. You know? Isa was a person of
value to them. So they discussed and gave Isafs name to them. You see?
¤ŢA\BˇŠšÄâë¤BíŠéËBńˇĘÍAlŞâÁÄÄAâÁÄÄcAŚŚĆAąątAfÉ¢ÄAíŠéËA˝¸Ë˝ńžBŢçÍAlđęlI×ĆžÁ˝ĚžB¤ŢBŢ窟OđĆé˝ßÉËBíŠéËBłÄAťęĹlAlŃĆÍWÜÁ˝BlŃĆÍCTđ°ęĢ˝BíŠéËBCTÍÝČÉżlđŕÁĢ˝BťęĹlŃĆÍbľ ˘AŢçÍCTĚźOđŢçÉnľ˝BíŠéËB
\\ Borey
din, mey yoŋ no go? Mey yoŋ no go?
Who,
who were those people?
ťĚlŃĆĆÍNšŠBNšŠB
I) E'e?
Hm.
¤ńB
\\ Mey
yoŋ go? Bonda-haamey yoŋ borey go?
Who
were among them? Were Bonda haamey there?
NŞ˘˝ĚšŠB{_En[C˝żÍ˘Üľ˝B
I) Borey
din wala? Borey din esk han din kurey taaca kul go no wala?
Oh,
among them. Among them, I believe there were four groups.
ťĚlŃĆÉŠBťĚČŠÉA˝ľŠ4ÂĚWcˇ×ÄŞ Á˝ćČB
K) Ay
si bey Bonda go no. Bonda kokor ka ka. Bonda a man hun kal Sindeer.
I
donft know if Bonda were there. Bonda came later. Bonda came from Sinder.
{_Ş˘˝ŠÍmçȢB{_ÍăŠçâÁÄ˝B{_ÍXBf[ŠçâÁÄ˝B
I) Bonda
si no han din. Bonda-haamey man ka han din. Oho, i man ka han diŋ.
Bonda
werenft there at that time. Bonda haamey didnft come at that time. Right. They
didnft come that day.
{_͢ȊÁ˝B{_n[CÍČŠÁ˝B¤ŢA ĚúČŠÁ˝B
K) Bonda
wo man ka han din. Kal Urufa, kal Gorɲo, kal Fawro-haamey go no.
Bonda
didnft come at that time. Ulfa [Borey], Gornyo [haamey], and Fawro haamey were
there.
{_ÍÄČŠÁ˝BEt@kE{ClĆSjkEn[ClĆt@EEn[CŞ˘˝B
I) Fawro
go no.
Fawro
were there.
t@E͢˝B
K) Kurey
taaca go no me.
There
were four groups, right?
4ÂĚWcŞ Á˝žë¤B
I) Nda
Bonkajerey.
And
Bonkajerey.
ťęĆ{JWFCB
K) Oho,
Fawro go no.
Hmm.
Fawro were there, too.
¤ŢAt@EࢽB
I) To,
han din, borey din, gey no di cere, i ne i ma sambu Isa maayo ka no annasaara
se. Ni faham wala?
Right.
Then, those people, they gathered and decided to give Isafs name to whites. Do
you understand?
ť¤AťĚĆŤAťĚlŃĆAŢçÍWÜÁÄACTĚźOđĆÁÄlÉí˝ť¤ĆžÁ˝BíŠéŠČB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
do.
íŠčܡB
I) Kaŋ
i na Isa maayo no annasaara se, to, ga ti kaŋ annasaarey Isa maayo sambu, a
dira. To, waato kaŋ cine se no a dira, e, kokor banda a ye ka ka. I ne... Esk
lokuco k i ne ma kate, kaŋ annasaarey na borey...
When
they gave Isafs name to whites, whites took Isafs name and left. Now, once they
left, letfs see, they came back again. They said . . . Was it when they told
them to bring it? Whites told people . . .
ŢçŞCTĚźOđlÉnˇĆAłÄAlÍCTĚźOđĆÁÄAÁĢÁ˝BłÄA˘Á˝ńÁĢÁ˝ ĆAŚŚĆAťĚăÜ˝ßÁÄ˝BŢ窞¤ÉÍcBŕÁÄą˘Ćží꽞Á˝ŠČAlŞlŃĆÉcB
K) Buuno.
Buuno ma ka, boro no, Beybey no ka koy.
It
was Buno. Buno was the one to . . . No, it was him. It was Beibei who went.
u[mžBu[mŞ˘A˘â ˘ÂžAsÁ˝ĚÍxCxCžB
I) Beybey
no koy. Madulla. Oho. Kaŋ i ne maayo sambu din, lokco kaŋ annasaara koy goro, a
ne borey din kul a n i ce kaŋ a na maay sambu, to, a ne Isa ce no-din. To, ka
ne Isa ca no-din, laabaari fo fatta, i ne annasaara borey din ka ga ce ne, a ga
ba a m i wi. I ne a ga ba ga m i wi no. To, wo ti kaŋ Isa wono famiiyo borey, i
di cere, i ne Isa a si koy. I ne Beybey ma koy. Oho. Ni ga faham? Isa wo i ne
hal i na a wi, bora kul i muraadey hasara. Za kaŋ ga no Irkoy daŋ albarka, ga
no go ga bora kul jere. Ni faham. Ya-din ga i ne a ma si koy, hambagar i ga a
wi. Bora kul muraadey no ga hasara. Amma Beybey wo ma koy. Hambagar ba te wiyoŋ
ga wo de i na wi daŋ, a si hay kul*.
It
was Beibei who went. Thatfs right. Hmm. They asked for those whose names were
given. When whites left to take a break, those whose names were given, all of
those whose names were given were called. Right. They were told Isa was being
called there. Now, when Isa was called, certain information spread around.
According to the information, whites were going to kill those who they told to
come. It said they were going to kill them. Now, Isafs family members got
together, and they decided Isa was not going to go. They said Beibei should go
instead. Hmm. You see? If he got killed, peoplefs needs were not going to be
met. Since he received Godfs blessings, hefd had people on his side. You see?
Thatfs why they said, gDonft go. You are probably going to get killed. Peoplefs
needs are not going to be met.h But they said Beibei should go. He is probably
going to get killed, but thatfs not a big deal. * [everyone laughs]
sÁ˝ĚÍxCxCžBťĚƨčB¤ŢBźOđĆÁ˝ŇĆžíę˝ĚžAlŞxÝÉsÁ˝ĆŤźOđĆÁ˝ŇAźOđĆÁ˝ŇSőŞÄÎę˝ĚžAť¤ACTŞťąÉÄÎęĢéĆžíę˝ĚžBłÄACTŞťąÉÄÎę˝ĆŤA éîńŞLÜÁ˝AťęÉćéĆAąąÉ˘Ćžíę˝ŇđAlÍEť¤ĆľÄ˘éBEť¤ĆľÄ˘éĆžíę˝BłÄACTĚưĚlŃĆŞWÜčACTÍsŠČ˘ĆžÁ˝BxCxCŞsŻĆžÁ˝B¤ŢBíŠéŠËBŢŞEłę˝çAlŃĆÝČĚKvŞ˝łęČČÁľܤƞÁ˝B_Éśbđ^Śçę˝ĆŤŠçAŢ͡×ÄĚlŃĆđĄűɾĢ˝ĚžBíŠéËBžŠçŢçÍžÁ˝BŢÍsČA¨ťçEłęéBÝČĚKvŞ˝łęČČéBľŠľąĚxCxCÍs׍žB¨ťçŢÍEłęéžë¤ŞAžŠçƢÁÄČńÄąĆÍȢ*kęŻÎ¤lB
Ga
ti, ga ti kaŋ a koy, Irkoy te mo wiyoŋ din da n i go ga te me. Ba kaŋ borey koy
d i naŋ go ga borey wi daŋ. Ni faham. Annasaara ga borey ce, a g i wi, a ga
borey ce, a g i wi. Kal i to Kutteytarey wone fuula bande, bora kaŋ ga fuula
sintin do, ga do no i to. A ne annasaara se : áEsk hal
boro ga hin ka salaŋ, annasaara miyo, kaŋ a salaŋ annasaara seâ. A ne a se : áBoro go yaâ. A ne to, ga ne ga ba a ma hã. A ne : áNi ma hãâ, a ne, : áTo, fo se kaŋ i go ga borey wi yaamo yaamoâ. To, i ne borey wey wo kaŋ si go g i wi, i
si ba kal wo kaŋ annasaara ga ne ga ba a ma te din, i ma yedda a ga. Hal yedda
a ga, kul i si wi. Amma d i man yedda i g i wi de no.
So
he [Beibei] went. Then God made a massacre happen. You see? Whites call in
people, they kill them. They call in people, they kill them. Thatfs how they
came all the way to the family of the ghath [chief] in Kurti, and the one who
was going to be the first ghath [the first chief]. He said to the whites, gIs
there anyone who speaks your language and can communicate with you?h He [the
interpreter] said, gYes.h He said, gGood,h and said he wanted him to ask them
something. He said, gGo ahead and ask,h so he said, gAll right. Why in the
world do they engage in such meaningless killing?h They said, gIf these people
were to stop killing, that would be because they agree to what whites want. So
just agree to it. If you agree, they are not going to kill anymore. But if you
donft agree, they will simply kill you.h
ťęĹAťęĹŢkxCxClŞsÁ˝ĚžŞA_ŞČłę˝ąĆÉÍAECÍČłę˝ĚžBíŠéËBlŞlŃĆđÄńĹÍEˇAÄńĹÍEˇBť¤ľÄŢçÍNeCĚuXqkńˇlvĚę°AťĚĹĚuXqvkăńˇlĆČél¨ĚĆąëÉÜĹâÁÄ˝BŢÍlÉŢŠÁÄAulĚžtđbšÄAťęĹlĆbšéŇ͢éŠvĆžÁ˝BŢkĘólÍAu˘éźvĆžÁ˝BŢÍćľĆž˘A˝¸ËÄŮľ˘ĆžÁ˝Bu˝¸ËëvĆž¤ĚĹAŢÍžÁ˝BućľA˘Á˝˘ČşŢçÍÜÁ˝łÓĄÉlŃĆđEˇĚžvBłÄAŢçÍžÁ˝BąęçĚlŃĆŞEłČČéĆľ˝çAťęÍlŞľ˝˘Ćž¤ąĆđŢçÍ]ńŢéĚžŠçAťęđłřˇéąĆžBłřˇéČçŕ¤EłČ˘BľŠľłřľČ˘ČçAEˇžŻžB
To,
ga ti kaŋ a ne to, ifo se kaŋ i man gey fa i si borey fahamandi. Bora kaŋ yedda
i ma fend'a, bora kaŋ man yedda i ma wi. Oho. To, waat in i na borey fahamandi.
Annasaara ga ba, a ma jina boro yoŋ daŋ, jina borey din i ma ka ka borey mey, i
ga jangar ta borey ga annasaara fonda ra. To ga ti kaŋ a ne, to, ga wo ga
yedda. To, Kutteytarey wone bora kaŋ na fuula sintin ne.
Now,
so he [the first chief Kurtitarey] said, gWhy donft they try to make people
understand that? They should leave alone those who agree and kill those who
donft agree.h Hmm. Now, so they made people understand. The whites said they
wanted to appoint a headman, a headman that rules people, a headman that
collects taxes from people for the whites. Now, so he [the first chief
Kurtitarey] said, gAll right. I approve.h Right. Thatfs how the chief system
started for the people of Kurtitarey.
łÄAťąĹŢkNeC^CăńˇlÍAČşŢçÍlŃĆÉťęđíŠçšć¤ĆľČ˘ĚŠAłřˇéŇÍ٤ÁĨ˘ÄAłřľČ˘ŇđEšÎć˘ĆžÁ˝B¤ŢBłÄAťęĹŢçÍlŃĆđđłš˝BlÍAOĚlđuŤ˝˘AlŃĆđxzˇéOĚlAlĚKvĚ˝ßÉlŃĆŠçĹđĽűˇéOĚlđuŤ˝˘ĆžÁ˝BłÄAťęĹŢkNeC^CăńˇlÍAćľAłřˇéĆžÁ˝Bť¤ANeC^CĚlŃĆĚńˇĘÍAą¤ľÄÍśÜÁ˝B
A
ne ga wo ga yedda wo-din ga. To, ga ti kaŋ ga wi man koyne, to, sohoŋ i na
annaasara fahamandi. Annasaara ne to, sohoŋ kaŋ ga * ma si wi koyne, boro kul
kaŋ yedda i ma si a wi. To, waati kaŋ bora din ga no i na wiyoŋ gaayi, i bisa a
ga, i to Beybey do. Ga mo ne nga yedda sohoŋ wiyoŋ si no koyne. Ya-cine no bora
kul cendi i hallasi. I man bora kul wi.
He [the first chief Kurtitarey] said he
would agree to it. Now, so he [the white man] stopped killing, and they made
the white man understand. The white man said, gAll right. Then * [inaudible]
not going to kill. Wefre not going to kill any of those who agree.h Now, this
is how that person stopped massacres, finished his [the first chief
Kurtitaryfs] turn, and went to Beibei. He [Beibei] agreed, too, so he didnft
get killed. This is how all the people protected themselves. They killed no
one.
ŢkNeC^CăńˇlÍťęđłřˇéĆžÁ˝BłÄAťęĹŢkllÍŕ¤EłČČčA˘ÜâŢçÍlđíŠçš˝BlÍAćľAťęĹÍ*kˇŤĆčsÂ\lEłČ˘AłřˇéŕĚÍÝČEłČ˘ĆžÁ˝BłÄAą¤ľÄ Ěl¨ŞECđâßłšÄAŢkNeC^CăńˇlĚÔđIŚÄAxCxCĚĆąëÉ¢˝BŢkxCxClŕłřľ˝ĚĹAEłęČŠÁ˝BąĚć¤ÉľÄAˇ×ÄĚlŃĆŞŠŞđçÁ˝BŢçÍNŕEłČŠÁ˝B
*Ni
faham wala? **Wal manti ya-din no?***
*[to the transcriber] You understand? ** [to K.L.] Or was it not
what happened? *** [no response]
*k]ĘŇÉlíŠÁ˝Š˘B**kK.L.ÉlťęĆ໤śáČŠÁ˝ŠB***kÔČľl
To,
waato kaŋ wo-din te, a bisa, ga no annasaara ka ka kurey koyey daŋ. Ni faham.
Sohoŋ kaŋ annasaara ka kurey koy daŋ, waat in, koyra ka ka koyra, a ka ka to
ne-wo Fuliyande. Ni faham. To, ga ti kaŋ i na Isa maayo no a se. Ni faham. A na
Isa maayo sambu, a bisa ka sobey ka koy de ma, maay sambu kal a koy Dulusu. To,
Dulusu din no a go ga goro. No-din no a ne borey din me a me ma ka ka nga maay
sambu. Oho. Borey kaŋ ga naŋ maay sambu din, i me a me ma ka. To, d i ka
no-din, no-din no a ka ka cabe kaŋ borey wey, gey goro ka daŋ, gey no ga
batomaa din kul hawzu. Ni faham. Gey no ga batomaa ikul hawzu. To, no-din waato
kaŋ hero ka ka te ya-din, Urufa-borey, i ne gey man yedda Isa ma huro gey jina
ka hawzu. Sohoŋ ke i ka ka faham kaŋ ya-din no. I ne gey man yedda. Ni faham.
Now,
after all this happened and passed, the white man came to appoint the head of
the groups. You see? This time, the white man came to appoint the head of the
groups. After touring every single village, he came to Fuliyande. You see? Now,
they [the residents of Fuliyande] decided to give him Isafs name. You see? Once
he took Isafs name, he passed through [Fuliyande] and went to Dourous. Now, he
lived in Dourous. He told all those with the names he had received to come.
Hmm. He told all those whose names he had received to come. Now, when they
came, he [the white man] revealed that they would be assigned a status and they
would be in charge of the entire places of their own. You understand? They were
going to be in charge of the entire place. Now, when that was happening there,
Urufa borey did not agree to the arrangement to make Isa the headman and let
him rule them. They finally came to realize that that was what was going on.
They said they would not approve. You understand?
łÄAąĚć¤ČąĆŞ ÁÄAˇŹÁ˝ăAlŞWcĚĺđuŤÉâÁÄ˝BíŠéËBĄxÍlÍWcĚĺđuŤÉ˝ĚžŞAťĚĆŤAşĆ˘¤şđÜíÁ˝ĚżAŢÍtAfÉâÁÄ˝BíŠéËBłÄAą¤ľÄŢçktAfZŻlÍCTĚźOđnˇąĆÉľ˝BíŠéËBŢÍCTĚźOđĆéĆAktAfđlĘßľAhDXÉsÁ˝BłÄAŢÍhDXÉZńŢ˝BŢŞóŻĆÁ˝źOđŕÂҡ×ÄŞťąÉ˘ĆŢÍžÁ˝B¤ŢBŢŞźOđóŻĆÁ˝lŃơ×ĢƞÁ˝BłÄŢ窝ąÉÄÝéĆAťąĹŢkllÍlŃĆÉAŢçđnĘÉÂŻéąĆAŢ窝ęźęĚęđˇ×ÄÄ¡é̞ƞçŠÉľ˝BíŠéËBŢçŞęˇ×ÄđÄ¡éBłÄAťąĹťĚć¤ČąĆިąČíę˝ĆąëAEt@E{CÍACTŞŢçĚOÉüčAÄ¡éąĆđłřľČŠÁ˝Bć¤âŢçÍť¤˘¤ąĆžÁ˝ĚŠĆíŠÁ˝BŢçÍłřľČ˘ĆžÁ˝BíŠéËB
To,
kaŋ i ne gey man yedda, sohoŋ ke i na cer cendi wo-din boŋ. To, annasaara ne : áHey! Borey wey, mey no jin nongo ra, mey no
jin nongo raâ? Urufa-borey ne gey no jin nongo
ra.
Now,
the fact that they [Urufa borey] said they wouldnft approve led to a fight. The
white man said, gHey, you guys. Who had been in that place? Who had been in
that place?h Urufa borey said they had.
łÄAŢçkEt@E{ClŞłřľČ˘ĆžÁ˝ĆČéĆAĄx̹͝ĆđߎÁÄřÁĎč ˘ÉČÁ˝BłÄAlÍAu¨¨˘BąĚlÔ˝żAOŠçťĚęɢ˝ĚÍNžAOŠçťĚęɢ˝ĚÍNžvĆžÁ˝BEt@E{CÍAŢçŞOŠç˘˝ĆžÁ˝B
\\ Urufa-borey.
Urufa
borey.
Et@E{CB
I) Oho.
I ne gey no jin nongo ra. Annasaara bumbo gonda nan ga wone taarifi tira fo kaŋ
baru kul kaŋ go labo ra za Maali, kal kal kal hendi, ikul go tiraa din boŋ.
Annasaarey tiraa sambu ka kate. Baru kaŋ a diy'a ra boro yoŋ go no, kul a.., a
ma cebe borey se kal a ka ka to Urufa. A di kaŋ Urufa wo lokuco din boro yoŋ go
a ra. Borey din a bey kaŋ Urufa-borey no. A to Fuliyande, a bey kaŋ boro yoŋ
kul si no no-din, lokuco din. To, sohon a du ka bey Urufa-borey i jin. Amma a
ne i se, sohoŋ, i ma ye gey dogo ra, no-din ga ka ka i gar. Amma boro kul ma
ce..., boro kul, hal, hal ga ka no-din, no-din no *. Manti ni faham wala?
Right.
They [Urufa borey] said they had always been there. The white man? The white
man had paper containing records of all islands around here, from Mali to
faraway remote lands. Once you look at this paper, you will see who is on which
island and everything . . . everything including the Ulfa island. He [the white
man] noticed there were some people on the Ulfa island at that time. As for
Fuliyande, there was no on on the Fuliyande island. Now, he [the white man]
came to learn that Urufa borey were there first. But he [the white man] told
them to go back to their land for the time being and that they would come and
check themselves. But he told them to gather everyone . . . until they came
over, came over, * [inaudible]. You understand?
¤ŢBŢçkEt@E{ClÍŠŞ˝żŞOŠç˘˝ĆžÁ˝BlÍƢ¤ĆAlÍAąĚnÉ éˇ×ÄĚA}¤aŠçĆnÜĹ̡×ÄŞLłęĢéđjĚđŕÁĢ˝BťĚ𩳦ˇęÎAąĚÉÍǤ˘¤lŞ˘éŠĆ˘¤ąĆŞˇ×ÄcAEt@ɢ˝éÜš×Ä̹ƪíŠéBŢkllÍAEt@ÉÍlŞ˘˝ąĆÉCâ˝BtAfÍƢ¤ĆAtAfÉÍNŕ˘ČŠÁ˝ąĆŞíŠÁ˝BłÄAĄâŢkllÍEt@E{CŞćɢ˝ąĆđméɢ˝Á˝BľŠľŢkllÍAŢçÉÜ¸ÍŠŞ˝żĚęÉßÁĢéć¤ÉAŠŞ˝żŞŠÉsŠçĆžÁ˝B˝žľAÝČđÄńŨŻcAŠŞ˝żŞťąÉéÜĹAéÜĹÉA*kˇŤĆčsÂ\lBíŠÁ˝ŠËB
To,
waato kaŋ wo-din te, sohoŋ ke i ne i ma koy. To, Isa din, Bonkooga kaŋ kate
annasaarey, a baaso ti Isa.
Now,
that happened, and they [Urufa borey] also suggested they go. Now, as for Isa,
a person named Bonkoga, who brought whites here, his cross-cousin was Isa.
łÄAť¤˘¤ąĆÉČÁÄAŢçkEt@E{Clŕsą¤ĆžÁ˝BłÄACTžŞAl˝żđÂęÄŤ˝{R[KƢ¤l¨AŢĚđłCgRŞCTžÁ˝B
\\ Bonkooga
baaso ga ti Isa?
Bonkogafs
cross-cousin was Isa.
{R[KĚđłCgRŞCTšŠB
I) Oho.
To, Bonkooga din ga ka Isa ce, kambu ga, a na a fahamandi. Kaŋ hal annasaara
ka, bora kaŋ gonda borey ga de no a ga sambu. Bora kaŋ sinda borey, ba a jin, a
s a sambu. A ne hal a koy, a ma ceeci boro. To, wo no carmandi da, amma Urufa-bora
wo ga, a man du wo laabaari. Ni di? Isa ka. A waafaku da Wogey. A waafaku da
Wogey. I ne hal annasaara ka, kul i ma key ga banda. Ni di? Ga ti kaŋ hano kaŋ
annasaara ka ka hã, a ne to, boro kul, boro hinka wo, boro kul ma kate nga jama
ga ma jin. To, Isa din Wogey kul ka ka ye ya-here. Sohoŋ kaŋ Wogey kul ka ka
ya-hare, a te jama. Urufa-borey, bora kaŋ ga naŋ go ga ye..., ga no ga du din,
ga wo a ka ka key kal de nga huwo borey din hinne, a sinda jama To, ne no
annasaara a sambu Isa. A fenda boro, Urufa-bora. Ni faham. To, ne no Uru...,
Isa a na fuula sintin. OhoB Manti Ni
faham.
Right.
Now, Bonkoga called Isa and made him understand this. When the whites came,
they would only choose someone with a family [as the chief]. They would not
choose someone [as the chief] without a family even if they had been there
first. He told him to find someone once [Isa] returned. Thatfs how he [Isa] got
a sly idea, but Urufa borey did not get this information. You see? Isa came
back. He [Isa] allied with Wogos. He allied with Wogo. They [the Wogos] said
they would back him [Isa] when the whites came. You see? Then on the day the
whites came to ask questions, he [the white man] said, gNow, everyone. Gather
around the person between the two who you think should become the headman.h
Now, all Wogos came to Isa. All Wogos came and became a majority. As for Urufa
borey, returned . . . as for the one [who tried to receive the status of chief
among Urufa borey], only his family members came to support him and didnft
become a majority. Now, thatfs how the whites chose Isa and decided to ignore
[the other] person, an Urufa borey. You see? Now, thatfs how Ul-, . . . Isafs
time as chief began. Hmm. You understand?
¤ŢBłÄąĚ{R[KŞCTđŠŞĚŕĆÉÄŃAíŠçšÄâÁ˝BlŞ˝çAŢçÍgŕđŕÁĢél¨žŻđkńˇÉlIÔBgŕđŕÁĢȢŇÍA˝ĆŚćɢ˝ĆľÄŕĆçȢkńˇÉlIÎȢBŢÍAkCTlŞßÁ˝çAl𳪾Ĩć¤ÉĆžÁ˝BłÄAą¤ľÄŢkCTlÍŤmbđŚ˝íŻžŞAEt@E{CÍƢ¤ĆAąĚîńđŚçęČŠÁ˝BíŠéËBCTŞßÁÄ˝BŢkCTlÍEHS˝żĆŻżľ˝BŢÍEHSĆŻżľ˝BŢçkEHS˝żlÍAlŞ˝çAŢkCTlĚăɧÂĆžÁ˝BíŠéËBťęĹlŞżâľÉâÁÄ˝úAŢkllÍAułÄAÝČA2l̤żAOɢé׍Ćv¤ŇĚĆąëÉWŚvĆžÁ˝BłÄACTÍƢ¤ĆAŢĚŕĆÉ͡×ÄĚEHSŞ˝Bˇ×ÄĚEHSŞÄA˝hÉČÁ˝BEt@E{CÍƢ¤ĆAßécAkEt@E{CĚČŠĹńˇĘđlŚć¤Ćľ˝ŇÍƢ¤ĆAŢĚĆĚlŃĆžŻľŠ¸A˝hÉČçČŠÁ˝BłÄą¤˘¤íŻĹAlÍCTđIŃAkŕ¤ęűĚllAEt@E{CÍA٤ÁĨąĆÉľ˝BíŠéËBłÄAą¤ľEcACTĚńˇĘŞÍśÜÁ˝B¤ŢBíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
see.
íŠčÜľ˝B
I) Waato
kaŋ a na a sambu, a ne to, boro kul kaŋ man yedda, bora ma kabe sambu, sohoŋ
borey kul yedda. Ga ti kaŋ Isa te borey se bonkoyni. Fuliyande wo fuula sintino
ne-ya.
When
he [the white man] chose him, he told people to raise their hands if they
didnft approve, but everyone approved. Thatfs how Isa became the peoplefs
chief. Thatfs how the chief system in Fuliyande started.
ŢkllŞŢđIńžĆŤAłřľČ˘ŕĚÍSőčđ°ëĆžÁ˝Ş˘ÜâNળřľ˝Bą¤ľÄCTÍlŃĆĚńˇĆČÁ˝BąątAfĚńˇĘĚÍśÜčÍAą¤ľ˝íŻžÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
I) Wal
manti ya-din no?
Or
was it not like that?
ťęĆ໤śáČŠÁ˝ŠB
K) Ya-din
de no, ya-din de ka te.
Yes,
it was like that.
ť¤žĆŕAť¤˘¤íŻžÁ˝B
kăŞl[Later part omitted]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
\\ To,
ya-din ga sohoŋ, haayoŋo banbata no ay ga ba ay ma te ni se. Ay tamma senney
kul a folloŋ. Ga ti ne da Saaba-Teera koyra singi senno. Fo se, e, i na koyra
wo singi. Fo se ni no ka fuula sambu?
Next,
I would like to ask you about a big issue. They probably all come down to one
story. I mean, the story about the establishment of the village of Saaba-Tera.
Why, let me see, was this village founded? Why did you become the chief?
łÄAĹÍÉAĺŤČâčÉÂ˘Ä¤ŠŞ˘ÜˇB¨ťçˇ×ÄÍĐĆÂĚbšBÂÜčT[oEe[şĚnnćšBČşAŚŚĆAąĚşÍnnłę˝ĚšŠBČş Č˝ŞńˇĘÉ¢˝ĚšŠB
I) Ayyo.
Ni ga maar'a. Ni faham. Ni ga maar'a. Sohoŋ Saaba-Teera wo, ni fahama, ikkul
Gaarokoyre no. Maana, ikkul Fuliyande no. Ikkul goro calla. Ni faham.
All
right. Ifll tell you. You see? I will tell you. First of all, Saaba-Tera was,
you know, all part of Gaarokoyre. I mean, it was all part of Fuliyande. They
all belonged together. You understand?
ť¤ŠBŤŠšć¤BíŠéËBŤŠšć¤BܸąąT[oEe[ÍAíŠéËAˇ×ÄK[RCžÁ˝BÂÜčAˇ×ÄÍtAfžÁ˝Bˇ×ÄŞĆŕÉ Á˝BíŠéËB
\\ Ya-din
de no.
Thatfs
right.
ť¤ĹˇćËB
I) Han
din boro wo, Sandi wo baaba ga ka go bonkoynitara ra.
At
that time, that person, Sandifs father was the chief.
Ěl¨ATfB[46]ĚeŞńˇĘÉ Á˝B
\\ Alzuma.
Alzuma.
AY}
I) A?
Ha.
B
\\ Sandi
baaba wala? Alazuma
Sandifs
father, right? Alzuma.
TfBĚšćËBAY}B
I) Oho.
Ga ka go bonkoynitara ra. Ni faham. A go bonkoynitara ra, bora kul go calla. Ni
faham. To, ga din. A si ba Urufa-borey. To, a di ya-din, a di ya-din, kal a ka
ka bu. Ay ne kal a ka ka bu. A buuyoŋo banda, izo wo huro.
Right.
He was the chief. You see? He was the chief and all the people lived together.
You see? Now, he, he didnft like Urufa borey. He didnft like them, he didnft
like them, and he didnft change that view until he died. Until he died. After
he died, his son came into the picture.
¤ŢBŢŞńˇĘÉ Á˝BíŠéËBŢÍńˇĘÉ čAˇ×ÄĚlŞĆŕÉ Á˝BíŠéËBłÄŢÍAžBŢÍEt@E{CđDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝BłÄAŢÍť¤ľÄAŢÍť¤ľÄAĘÜĹť¤žÁ˝BĘÜĹť¤žÁ˝ńžćBŢĚăA§qŞüÁ˝B
\\ Dulla.
Dullah.
hDb[47]B
I) Dulla.
Ga mo kaŋ a tun, Dulla. din ɲoŋo Urufa-boro no. Amma a si ba Urufa-borey.
A gana baabo fonda. Ni faham. Amma Ɲoŋo Urufa-boro no bo. Amma a si ba
Urufa-borey. Kaŋ a si ba Urufa-borey din, ir windo bumbo no a si ba zaati ka
boori. Ay ne ga si ba ley-ley zaati. Ni di.
Right,
Dullah. He grew up. Dullahfs mother was Ulfa Boro, but he didnft like Urufa
borey. He followed his fatherfs footsteps. You see? But his mother was Ulfa
Boro. But he didnft like Urufa borey. He didnft like Urufa borey, but what he
actually didnft like much was our family. Actually, he didnft like our family
at all. All right?
hDbžBŢŞçÁ˝íŻžŞAhDbĚęeÍEt@E{žÁ˝BľŠľŢÍEt@E{CđDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝BĆŻśšđ˝ÇÁ˝BíŠéËBľŠľęeÍEt@E{žÁ˝ńžćBľŠľEt@E{CŞDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝BŢŞEt@E{CđDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝íŻžŞAśÁł˘ĚĆąëŢŞ ÜčDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝ĚÍAí˝ľ˝żĚŽ~žB˘âAśÁł˘ĚĆąëąęÁŰÁżŕDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝B˘˘ËB
Ay
wo kaŋ go ma goro, a bey ka koyd'a ya-hare Tilabeeri, patanti banayoŋ se. Ni
faham. A konda kalmi, ir jama ga ba kaŋ a ka miyo ne. Hal ir na yo koy k ir daŋ
kasu, kal kasu miyo, kal i na kasu miyo feeri ya-cine. Hal ir ga huro, waato
din, sef da..., e, sef da gardi. Gardi wone seefo. Kaŋ ga hawgey da kasizey.
Kal de a na su, a na buusa fo kar. Ga ti kaŋ a go ga mota ra ka zuurandi ka ka,
za a to ka zoora a na, buusa din kar, hal i ga koy k ir daŋ wo ra, kul buusa
din kar. Ga ti kaŋ i na gaayi. A n ir, a n ir, a na ir gaayi. Ga ti kaŋ a m ir
yend'ey ra. Ir yend'ey, yend ir. I man du k ir daab. Ni faham. Ga ti kaŋ ir ye
ka ka. Ni faham.
He
tried to take me to Tilabeeri to pay for patents. All right? Our people were
charged and went to the entrance. They tried to throw us into prison, and at
the entrance of the prison, the gate opened like this. As we were about to
enter, the gu-. . . , letfs see, letfs see, the chief of the guard, chief of
the guard. The one who manages the prison, he came and blew a whistle. He rode
a car over there and as soon as he got there, he blew a whistle. He came when
we were about to be put into prison, and as soon as he hit the breaks, he . . .
blew a whistle. He blew a whistle just in time before we were thrown [into
prison]. So they gave up [trying to put us in prison]. He stopped us. Then he
let us go. We, he let us go. Our prison door was never shut. You see? So we
came back. You see?
ŢÍApegĚxĽĚ˝ßÉAąąÉ˘éí˝ľđAęÄ ĚeBx[Ésą¤Ćľ˝B˘˘ËBí˝ľ˝żĚęcŞłęÄAüűĚĆąëÉÜĹ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍSÉüęçꝤÉČčASĚüűÜĹÄAťĚüűŞą¤âÁÄJŠę˝Bí˝ľ˝żŞüë¤ĆˇéĆAťĚĆŤAxcAŚŚĆAŚŚĆAxőˇBxőˇéńˇBSđÄ¡éŇBŢŞâÁÄÄAJđČçľ˝BÔđçšÄÄAÂâŰâJđČçľ˝Bí˝ľ˝żŞSÉüęçęć¤ĆľÄ˘éĆąëÉâÁÄÄA¢Äu[LđĽŢâŰâŢÍcAJđČçľ˝Aí˝ľ˝żŞkSÉlüęçęć¤ĆľÄ˘éˇńĹĚĆąëĹAJđČçľ˝BťęĹŢçÍkSɢęéĚđlâß˝BŢÍí˝ľ˝żđĐŤĆß˝Bť¤ľÄŢÍí˝ľ˝żđAľ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍAí˝ľ˝żđAAľ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĚSÍÂßçęČŠÁ˝BíŠéËBťęĹí˝ľ˝żÍßÁÄ˝BíŠéËB
To,
e, han kaŋ se a na wey-din te, torkey pananto, iyeyjey patanto, hiyey wono, ni
faham, wo-din se no a na no-din te. K ir ye ka ka, ir bana a se. Ni faham. To,
ka a na wo-din te din, ir bana a se. To, wo-din ir game te taali. Oho, ay na te
ir game koyne. To, ni di?
Now,
letfs see, he [Gaarokoyre chief Dullah] was trying to have people pay for
patents for oxcarts, goats, and boats at that time. You understand? Thatfs why
he did such a thing. We came back and paid him. You see? Now, he did this, and
we paid him. Right. This is the fraud that happened between us. Right. [The
fraud] that was going to be commited again between us. Now, you see?
łÄAŚŚĆAŢkK[RCşˇhDblÍÔĚpegAMĚpegA{[gĚpegđĽíšć¤ĆľÄ˘ÄAíŠéËAťęĹť¤˘¤ąĆđľ˝ĚžBßÁÄ˝í˝ľ˝żÍAŢÉĽÁ˝BíŠéËBłÄAŢŞą¤˘¤ąĆđľÄAí˝ľ˝żŞŢÉĽÁ˝ąĆBť¤ąĚąĆŞí˝ľ˝żĚ ˘žĹ¨Ť˝słžÁ˝B¤ŢAí˝ľŞÄŃí˝ľ˝żĚ ˘žĹȡksłlBłÄA˘˘ËB
To,
sohoŋ ir go ma goro, ir go ma goro, kala, e, amiiru Kokor, amiiru Goro, Amiiru
Daalagoro, gey mey koy di cere, i waafaku. I ne isa-borey kaŋ go Gurma caso ra,
gey ma koy, gey mey ganandi, ma ye gungo ra. Ni faham. Gey mey kal i koy di
Kunce, Kunce din gen d'ey haw. Kunce ga tiraa din hantum i se. Kaŋ boro kul man
kabu gey bande, kul bora ma ye gungo ra. Ni faham. To, sohoŋ kaŋ wo-din te, ga
ti kaŋ, Tilabeeri komandaŋo, Teera wono, Amiiru Deesa gum ya, Amiiru Kokor
bumbo, ni faham, Teera wono komandaŋo, gey ka huro moota folloŋ, gey ka huro
moota folloŋ, i na di za za za za Daaragoro. I go ga koyrey dira, i go ga
koyrey gana, koyra kaŋ di to, i ma hã : áWar ga kabuâ? Da wan d'ey war si kabu, i ma ne : áTo, war ma ye gungo raâ. I si dira mo : áKal war ma gana, hari kaŋ war gana i ma bisaâ. Ni faham. Ya-din i di ka te ka di ka ka to
iddo. Sohoŋ k i ka ka to, iddo. To, ir mey, taalo kaŋ a te ir se din, ga ka na
ir me ir me ir si pel a bande. Dulla. bumbo go ne. Sohoŋ ga wo a gana. I na a
ganandi. Borey kaŋ ga baar'a, i gana a bande. Ir mey kaŋ na taali te ir se, ir
wey in, in n a s a gana.
Now,
in the meantime, in the meantime, letfs see, the chief of Kokor [canton] and
the chief of Daaragoro [canton], they got together and made an alliance. They
said, gLetfs evict those on the west bank. Letfs make them move. Letfs send
them back to the island.h You see? They went to see Kountche, who made a deal
with them. Kountche wrote them paper saying those who were not registered in
their cantons need to immediately go back to the island. You see? Now, this
happened, and the commander from Tilabeeri, the commander from Tera, the chief
of Dessa, the chief of Kokor, and the commander from Tera, they rode in one
car, they all rode in one car. They started in Daaragoro [canton] and drove
from one village to another all around to ask, gAre you guys registered?h at
each village that they came across. They did this so they could say, gIf you
guys are not registered residents, you need to go back to the island.h They
were going to say, gIf you refuse to leave, there is something that needs to be
done. You understand? They did this everywhere, and they finally came to us.
Then they came to us. Now, as for us, because of the fraud he [Gaarokoyre chief
Dullah] had commited upon us, we didnft register our residency under him.
Dullah himself was here [in the Saaba settlement] too. He then moved. He was
forced to move. Those who liked him followed him. Us? We didnft follow him
because he commited a fraud upon us.
łÄAťľÄí˝ľ˝żÍť¤ľ˝ÜÜŢÄAť¤ľ˝ÜÜ޽ƹëAŚŚĆARRkEJglĚńˇA_[SkEJglĚńˇAŢçŞWÜÁÄAŻżľ˝BŢçÍźÝɢéěĚlAŢçđoÄ˘Ššć¤AŢçđÚZłšć¤AÉßť¤ĆžÁ˝BíŠéËBŢçÍƢ¤ĆAN`FÉď˘ÉsŤAN`FÍŢçĆćčŤßđľ˝BN`FÍŢçÉđ˘˝BŢçĚăŌĢȢŇÍA˝žżÉÉßéć¤ÉBíŠéËBłÄAť¤˘¤ąĆŞ ÁÄAťęŠçeBx[Ěi߯Ae[Ěi߯Af[TĚńˇARRĚńˇAe[Ěi߯AŢçŞęäĚÔÉćčAŢçŞęäĚÔÉćÁÄA_[SkJglŠçÍśÜÁÄAŢçÍÚÉľ˝şĹu¨ÜŚ˝żÍŚÄ˘éŠvĆ˝¸Ëć¤ĆAşXđčAşXđߎÁ˝Buྨ܌˝żŞŚÄ˘Č˘ČçA¨ÜŚ˝żÍÉAęvĆž¤˝ßÉžBu¨ÜŚ˝żŞoÄsŠČ˘Î ˘AÚZˇéąĆćčDćłęéąĆŞ éžë¤vBíŠéËBą¤˘¤ąĆđűXĹľÄAí˝ľ˝żĚŕĆÉâÁÄŤ˝Bť¤ľÄAí˝ľ˝żĚĆąëÉâÁÄ˝BłÄAí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAŢkK[RCşˇhDblŞí˝ľ˝żÉľ˝słŞ Á˝˝ßÉAí˝ľ˝żÍAŢĚăĹŚČŠÁ˝BhDbŠgŕąąkT[oWlɢ˝BłÄŢÍƢ¤ĆAÚZľ˝BÚZłšçę˝BŢđDŤČlŃĆÍAŢĚăëÉ¢ĢÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAŢŞí˝ľ˝żÉľ˝słĚ˝ßÉAăëÉ¢ĢŠČŠÁ˝B
\\ War
sobey ka goro ne da no.
Did
you guys continue to live here?
Č˝˝żÍąąÉZÝÂĂŻ˝ĚšŠB
I) Ir
wey goro ne da. Ga ti kaŋ ir kabu, ni faham. To, k in na kab wo-din te, ir jama
ga ba. Ni faham. Zamma taalo din manti ir hinne se, a na te banɲey wey se.
We
continued to live here, and we registered our residency here. You understand?
Now, our group is quite big. You see? We werenft the only victims of the fraud
but the slaves here were also victims.
ąĚí˝ľ˝żÍąąÉZÝÂĂŻ˝Bť¤ľÄąąĹŚ˝AíŠéËBłÄAŚÄÝéĆAí˝ľ˝żĚęcÍĆÄŕ卢BíŠéËBƢ¤ĚŕsłÍí˝ľ˝żžŻÉĹÍČAąąĚz꽿ÉŕČłęĢ˝ŠçžB
\\ Taali
fo dumi no a te?
What
kind of fraud?
ÇńČsłđľ˝ńšŠB
I) Patanto
din de. Banɲey mey a na i, a na i kalmi gey mey. Ni faham. E, Kaaney yoŋ wey, da
Silla yoŋ wey kaŋ ay, ay ga ne ibeero, ikkul a ni kalmi. Ikkul ma dori. Sohoŋ k
i ma dori, gey mey na, gey mey si, gey s a gana ka koy baro ra? Sohoŋ ga ti kaŋ
i na gey naŋ ga kab. Ga ti kaŋ borey kul kab pat! Ni faham. Sohoŋ kaŋ borey kul
kab, to, i ne sohoŋ amiiru Kokor ne sohoŋ borey wey, ga ga ba ga ma daŋ i se
bonkoyni. Ni faham. To, bonkoynitara din, hano din Kaaney ga ti ir albeero, ga
no ga baar'a. Ir wey ne a ma samb. Ni faham. To, Kaaney din mo, banɲey wey ne i si baar'a. Ni faham.
To ga ti kaŋ Kaaney mo kate bonkoyni. Ni faham. Amiiru Kokor ga ba ga ma a daŋ,
bumbo ga baar'a, ir wey ga baar'a, ir kaŋ bora no. Amma banɲey ne i si baar'a.
It
was patent-related. The slaves were charged as well. You understand? Letfs see,
those guys including Kaaney and Silla, the guys I used to call brothers, they
all got charged. They all experienced pain. Now, after experiencing such pain,
why would they too, why would they, would they follow him to the island? Thatfs
how they came to register their residency [on the west bank]. Thatfs how
everyone came to register their residency. All right? Everyone registered.
According to them, the chief of Kokor wanted to appoint a chief for them. You
understand? Now, Kaaney was the oldest among us at that time, and he wanted the
position of chief. We said, gGo ahead and take it.h You understand? Now, as for
K.I., the slaves didnft like him. You understand? K.I. almost became the chief.
You understand? The chief of Kokor tried to appoint him the chief, K.I. himself
wanted to become the chief, and we, as his family, wanted it, too. But the
slaves said they didnft want it.
pegžćBz꽿ŕŞAłę˝ĚžBíŠéËBŚŚĆAJ[lC˝ż[48]AXBb˝ż[49]Aí˝ľŞZĆÄńŢ˝l˝żAŢçŕÝČłę˝BÝČÉÝđoŚ˝BłÄąĚć¤ÉÉÝđoŚ˝ŠçÉÍAŢçŕAŢçÍAŢçŞŢÉ]ÁÄÉsŠ˘BłÄAą¤ľÄŢçÍAkźÝĹlŚ˝Bť¤ľÄÝČŞŚ˝B˘˘ËBÝČŞŚéĆAŢ窞¤ÉÍARRĚńˇŞŢçĚ˝ßÉńˇđuŤ˝˘ĆžÁĢéBíŠéËBłÄAąĚńˇĘžŞAJ[lCŞí˝ľ˝żĚNˇŇĹAŢŞťęđ]ńžBí˝ľ˝żŕAuĆčČł˘vĆžÁ˝BíŠéËBłÄAK.I.ÍƢ¤ĆAz꽿ÉDŠęĢȊÁ˝BíŠéËBłÄťęĹK.I.ŞńˇÉČ蝤žÁ˝BíŠéËBRRĚńˇŕŢđuą¤Ćľ˝ľAŢŠgŕČ轊Á˝ľAŢĚgŕĹ éí˝ľ˝żŕťęđ]ńžBľŠľz꽿Ş]ÜȢƞÁ˝B
To,
Silla yoŋ kaŋ ti ay beerey din, da boro wo da kaŋ tun ne-wo, dottiija din, gey
mey ne zama da banɲey i si baar'a, to gey mey si..., gan da banɲey din gey si fun car ga. Ya-din
ga a si huro. Sohoŋ i fend'a. Ga ti kaŋ borey ka ka goro, i sinda bonkoyni. Da
jangaro to, i ma ne :áI, ir ma koy, ir ma koy bana
Looga.â. áDa jangaro
tun, ir ma koy a bana Loogaâ. Ya-din ir
go, ya-din ir go. Ni faham. Kal kokor banda kaŋ hano k i ye ka ka ay wo daŋ. Ga
ti kaŋ borey koy di cere, i ne :áHeeyâ! I ne Looga here koy lambayoŋo, furkutarey
no gey se. Ni faham. Gey ma gey boŋ keyandi. Kaŋ gey ga gey boŋ keyandi mo,
Kaaney wo i si baar'a. I ne gey si baar'a. Ni faham. Ga ti kaŋ i ne to, hal de
ay, i ne hal ay wo, hal de Ur, Urufa-borey yedda, hal i ga ba ay, kul gey mey
ga ba ay, borey wey ga ne. Banɲey din. Oho. Kul i m ey daŋ gey jine. To,
waati kaŋ borey kul waafaku kaŋ, ikkul yedda i ga, ga ti kaŋ hin ay daŋ jine
wo, ni faham. In na tira samb, in na hantum in na sambu amiir Kokor do. Amiir
Kokor kond'a Teera. Ga ti kaŋ komandaŋo ka, sohoŋ ke a n ey da, ay naŋ di kaŋ,
ay ti Gurma here bonkoyno. Ni faham. Wo ti bonkoynitara maana.
Now,
my bothers, including Silla, and the person who just left here, that elder,
they said [K.I. cannot be the chief] because the slaves didnft want him to.
Right. They said they should not separate themselves from the slaves. Thatfs
why he [Kaaney] didnft receive [the position of chief]. And he was left alone.
So the people continued to not have a chief. When the time came for paying
taxes, they, they said . . . gLetfs go to Looga.h gLetfs go to Looga to pay
taxes.h Thatfs what we did. You see? Until they appointed me [the position of
chief]. It happened because people got together and said, gHey.h They said,
gItfs ridiculous we go to Looga and follow their chief.h You understand? We
tried to appoint a headman of our own. They tried to appoint a headman, but they
were not fond of Kaaney. They didnft want him. You understand? So I said, gAll
right. Then it would be me.h I said, gIf Ur- . . . , Urufa borey approve, if
they would want me, it would be me.h The slaves [said they would approve]. Hmm.
They also said they would want it. Now, they all agreed to make me the headman,
and they all approved. You understand? We took paper, wrote in it, and took it
to the chief of Kokor. The chief of Kokor took it to Tera. Then the commander
came and said that from then on, I . . . I got . . . I was going to be the
chief of the west bank. You understand? This is the story of the position of
chief. łÄAí˝ľĚZĹ éXBb˝żAťęĆłÁŤąąđoĢÁ˝l[50]A ̡VAŢçÍƢ¤ĆAzęŞŢđ]ÜȢ̞ŠçĆžÁ˝Ať¤AŢçÍƢ¤ĆAŢçĆz꽿ÍĘęé׍ĹÍȢƞÁ˝BťęäŚŢkJ[lClÍkńˇĘÉlüçČŠÁ˝BťľÄA٤ÁĨŠę˝BťęĹlŃĆÍńˇđŕ˝Č˘ÜÜŢÂĂŻ˝B[ĹĚúŞéĆAŢçÍŢçŞcAu[KÖĽ˘Ésą¤vĆžÁ˝Bu[ĹÉČÁ˝çA[KÖĽ˘Ésą¤vBí˝ľ˝żÍťĚć¤ÉľÄAťĚć¤Éľ˝BíŠéËBťĚăąĚí˝ľđkńˇĘÉluÜĹžBť¤ČÁ˝ĚÍAlŃĆŞWÜÁÄAu¨¨˘vĆžÁ˝ŠçžBŢçÍ[KÉsÁÄťęÉĚÁŠéĚÍn羢źĆžÁ˝BíŠéËBŠŞ˝żĚŞÍŠŞ˝żĹ§˝šć¤Ćľ˝ĚžBŢçŞŢç̪𽽚ć¤ÉŕAJ[lCÍDŠęĢȊÁ˝B]ÜȢƞíę˝BíŠéËBťęĹAćľAí˝ľžĆžÁ˝AEcAEt@E{CŞłřˇéČçAŢçŞí˝ľđ]ŢĚČçAąĚí˝ľžĆžÁ˝Bz꽿kŞť¤žÁ˝lB¤ŢBŢçŕOÉuAĆBłÄAí˝ľđOɨąĆĹÝČŞÓľAÝČŞłřľ˝BíŠéËBí˝ľ˝żÍđĆčAťęđŤAťęđŕÁÄRRĚńˇĚĆąëÉÍŻ˝BRRĚńˇÍe[ÉŕÁĢÁ˝Bą¤ľÄi߯ŞÄAąęŠçÍí˝ľŞcAí˝ľŞŚ˝cAí˝ľŞźÝĚńˇžĆžÁ˝BíŠéËBąęŞńˇĘĚbžB
Amma
taalo man tun kal boro wo kaŋ, kaŋ jin ka e, a jin ka ir fitina, ga ga kate da
wone wo. Hal a naŋ man wo-din te, doŋ ir kul ga koy a bande gungo ra.
But the fraud was, that guy in the first place . . . letfs see, he
sued us in the first place, and thatfs how he committed the fraud. If he
hadnft, we would have all followed him to the island.
ľŠľsłÍAťŕťŕ ĚlÔcAŚŚĆAťŕťŕŢŞí˝ľ˝żđiŚ˝ąĆAŢŞŕÁÄŤ˝ŕĚžBŕľŢŞť¤ľÄ˘ČŠÁ˝çAí˝ľ˝żÍÝČɢéŢĚăëÉsÁ˝B
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
I) Ni
diy'a.
All
right?
˘˘ËB
\\ Waato
kaŋ, e, un. Ganayoŋo waate, Gorɲo-haamey borey wo ke, ikkul koy, ikkul koy
no.
At
that time . . . Let me see, Okay. At the time of moving, did all the people of
Gornyo haamey leave? Did all?
cAŚŚĆA¤ńBÚZĚŰASjEn[CĚlÔÍƢ¤ĆAÝČsÁ˝ĚšŠAÝČB
I) Oho,
ikkul koy, ikkul gana.
Yeah.
They all left. They all moved.
BÝČsÁ˝BÝČÚZľ˝B
\\ Ba
afo a man cindi.
No
one stayed.
NęlĚąçČŠÁ˝B
I) Ba
afo a man cindi. Amma Urufa-borey ne i si gana. Urufa-borey mo jerey gana. Oho.
Ayyo.
No
one stayed. But Urufa borey said they were not going to move. There were some
that moved among Urufa borey. Thatfs right.
NęlĚąçČŠÁ˝BľŠľEt@E{CÍÚZľČ˘ĆžÁ˝BEt@E{CĚČŠÉÚZľ˝ŇࢽBť¤žB
\\ Ya-din
de no.
Is
that so?
ť¤ČńšŠB
I) To,
a cindi sorkey in da borey banɲey wey ka cindi. Oho.
Right.
And some of the fishermen, us, and our slaves stayed. Hmm.
ť¤A ĆĆŻĚęAťęĆí˝ľ˝żĆťĚz꽿ŞĚąÁ˝B¤ŢB
\\ Da
Bonkajerey borey mo i go ne Saaba-Teera.
And
Bonkajerey are also here in Saaba-Tera.
ťęĆA{JWFCŕąąT[oEe[ɢܡćËB
I) Ayyo!
To, in da borey din ir ka waafaku. Bonkajerey din in d'ey ka waafaku.
Thatfs
right. Now, we allied with them. Bonkajerey and we allied.
ťĚƨčBłÄAí˝ľ˝żĆŢçÍŻżľ˝B{JWFCĆí˝ľ˝żÍŻżľ˝B
\\ Bonkajerey
borey wo ke waati din, i si ba i ma suba gey Bonkajerey borey ra ka te amiiru?
Did
the people of Bonkajerey not try to choose a chief among them?
{JWFCĚlŃĆÍAA{JWFCĚlŃĆĚČŠĹIńĹńˇÉľć¤ĆľČŠÁ˝ĚšŠB
I) I
si ba. Borey si baar'ey.
They
didnft. People didnft like them.
ľČŠÁ˝BlŃĆÍŢçđDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ayyo.
Is
that so?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
I) Oho.
Borey si baar'ey.
Right.
People didnft like them.
¤ŢBlŃĆÍŢçđDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ifo
se i si baar'ey?
Why
didnft they like them?
ČşDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝ĚšŠB
I) To,
wo kaŋ se i si baar'ey, ni ga maar'a. Za hano kaŋ borey gey bumbo, gey wey
banda no i go. Ay ne banda no i go. To, hoŋo d i ne i ma huro borey jine, borey
si yedda. Oho. Ni faham. Borey si yedda. Hn. Za kaŋ za doŋ jina bumbo, gey wey
bande no i go.
All
right. Let me tell you why they didnft like them. Since a long time ago, people
themselves . . . they have been under the control of others. Now, even if they
said they want to become the chief, people would not let them. Hmm. You
understand? People wouldnft let them. Hmm. Since a long time ago, a long long
time ago, they have been under others.
ćľAČşDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝ĚŠAŤŠšÄ °ć¤BĚŠçlŃĆŠgcAŢ窢˝ĚÍăëžÁ˝BŢçÍăëɢ˝ńžćBłÄAťÝŢçŞOÉ͢轢ƞÁÄŕAlŃĆÍͳȢB¤ŢBíŠéËBlŃĆÍͳȢB¤ŢBŠÂÄŠçAÍéŠĚŠçAŢçÍăɢ˝B
\\ Fo
se i go bande no?
Why
have they been under others?
Čşăëɢ˝ńšŠB
I) Wo
kaŋ se i go banda? A? To, maadulla. Ni bey kaŋ, ni ma in na Bonda-haamey naŋ
kokor ka ka wala? A? To, Urufa-borey jine i se, Urufa-borey ka jin prmie labo
wo ra. Urufa-borey banda, e, Gorɲo-haamey, Gorɲo-haamey banda, Bonkajerey,
Bonkajerey banda Fawro-haamey. Ni faham.
Why
have they been under others? Huh. All right. Listen. Didnft they and Bonda
haamey come later? Hm. Now, Urufa borey was ahead of them. Itfs Urufa borey who
has been in this land since the beginning. After Urufa borey, letfs see, it was
Gornyo haamey. After Gornyo haamey, it was Bonkajerey. After Bonkajerey, it was
Fawru haamey. You understand?
Čşăëɢ˝ŠB BćľA\B˘˘ŠËAŢçĆ{_En[CÍăŠç˝ĚĹÍČŠÁ˝ŠËB BłÄAEt@E{CÍŢçĚOɢ˝BęÔOŠçąĚnɢ˝ĚÍEt@E{CžBEt@E{CĚăAŚŚĆASjEn[CžBSjEn[CĚăA{JWFCA{JWFCĚăAt@EEn[CžBíŠéËB
\\ Ha.
Okay.
Í B
I) Ayyo,
Fawro, Fawro-haamey din gey, ay ga tamma i jin Bonkajerey se.Fawro-haamey
banda, Bonkajerey. To, ni di? To, ya-din ga, wo-din se no so..., ir wey d i naŋ
ir g i daŋ i g i daŋ ir jina, ir si yedda me. Za kaŋ i naŋ ka k ir gar nong wo
ra, hal i ne i g ir daŋ, i g i daŋ ir jine, ir si yedda. Banɲey wey, hal i ne i g i daŋ ir
jina, ir si yedda. Ni diy'a.
Right.
Fawru, Fawru haamey was before Bonkajerey, I think. After Fawru haamey,
Bonkajerey came. Now, you see? So that means . . . because of this, we, we will
not let them become our headmen, our headmen. Since they came here and met us,
wefve never let us . . . let them become our headmen. As for the slaves, they
didnft let them [Bonkajerey] become their headmen either. You understand?
ť¤žBt@EAt@EEn[CÍA˝ľŠ{JWFCćčOžÁ˝Bt@EEn[CĚ ĆÉ{JWFCžBłÄA˘˘ËBĆÜ AƢ¤ąĆÍcAť¤ČĚžŠçAąĚí˝ľ˝żÍAŢçŞí˝ľ˝żĚOÉuŠęéąĆAí˝ľ˝żĚOÉuŠęéąĆđAí˝ľ˝żÍͳȢžë¤BŢçŞâÁÄÄąąĹí˝ľ˝żĆďÁ˝ĆŤŠçAí˝ľ˝żđucAŢçŞí˝ľ˝żĚOÉuŠę˝ČçÎAí˝ľ˝żÍͳȊÁ˝Bz꽿ÍƢ¤ĆAŢçŕŢçk{JWFClŞOÉuŠęéąĆđͳȊÁ˝B˘˘ËB
\\ Ay
faham. Ya-din no. Amma Urufa-borey ra mo borey fo fo i koy ka gana gey bande.
Ifo se?
I
see. But some Urufa borey followed them. Why is that?
íŠčÜľ˝Bť¤ĹˇŠBľŠľEt@E{CĚČŠÉŕAŢçĚăëđ¢ĢÁ˝lŞ˘ÜˇBȺšŠB
I) Wo-din
kaŋ gana i bande. Ga mo wo kaŋ se ni ga maar'a. Borey kaŋ ba..., Urufa-borey
kaŋ gana i bande din, ni faham. Manti kala..., e, amiiru Deesa. A wone weyma
izey no.
Those
who followed them? Ifll tell you about that, too. Those who wanted . . . the
Urufa borey who followed them were, you know, letfs see, the children of the
sisters of Dessafs chief.
ŢçĚăëđ¢ĢÁ˝ŇŠBťęÉ¢ÄŕČşŠŤŠšÄ °ć¤B]ńžlŃĆcAŢçĚăëđ¢ĢÁ˝Et@E{CÍƢ¤ĆAíŠéËAŚŚĆAf[TĚńˇBŢĚo
Ěq˝żžB
\\ Hohoho.
Hmm. I see. I see.
٨٨٨B
I) Ni
faham. Oho. Amiiru Deesa wone weyma, ga izey gey ti, Alhaji Buuba din baaba. Da
Boro, Muusa Suley din baaba. Ni faham. To, a wone weyma izey no wey. Gey mey
Deesa fuula se, sabbu se, ga se no i gana, manti boro.]
You
understand? Hmm. The children of the sisters of Dessafs chief are Boubafs
father and that guy, M.S.fs father. You understand? Now, the children of his
sisters. They are his sistersf children. They didnft move because of the status
and the prestige of Dessafs chief. It wasnft [because of] people.
íŠéËB¤ŢBf[TĚńˇĚo
AťĚq˝żĆ˘¤ĚŞAu[o˝żĚžBťęĆ ĚlAM.S.Ěž[51]B˘˘ËBłÄAŢĚo
Ěq˝żBŢçŞAŢĚo
Ěq˝żžBŢçÍf[TĚńˇĘĚ˝ßAĐMĚ˝ßÉÚZkľČŠÁ˝lĚĹ ÁÄAlŞkâčĹÍlČŠÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ay
faham. Ay faham.
I
understand. I understand.
íŠčÜľ˝BíŠčÜľ˝B
I) Oho
me.
Thatfs
right.
ť¤žĆŕB
\\ Hal
i ga cindi ne da, manti Deesa ra no, Kokor kantoŋ ra no.
If
theyfd stayed here, it would have become Kokor canton, not Dessa.
ŕľąąÉĚąÁ˝çAf[TĹÍČARREJgÉČéB
I) To,
madulla. To, gey mey si ba gey ma hun gey hase wone, Kuttey here ka ye Kokor
here. Wo kaŋ se no i gana no, manti boro sabbu de i gana, borey hendi sabbo ra
no i gana. To, kaŋ i gana din. Beene borey din, kaŋ yoŋ go kuuyoŋ jere din, gey
no ga dabari i se. Gey mey borey mey k i ga dabari i se n i n i kabey gey
bande. Ga ti kaŋ i gana ni bande yaamo. A, ir wey kaŋ i se dabari ir se, ir wey
na ir si. Sanga, ni di, ya-cine no. Wo ka to Urufa-borey kaŋ gana i bande din,
kaŋ gana, ya-cine no. Ya-din no ka gana i bande.
Thatfs
right. Now, they didnft want to leave their maternal uncle, the Kurtyfs side,
to go to Kokor. They moved [to the island] not because of the prestige of that
person [chief of Gaaorokoyre] but because of the prestige of the person over
there [chief of Dessa]. Now, those who moved. Those who live up there, the tall
guy who was here earlier, they were controlling them. They, those people were
controlling them, so they registered their residency under them. So they just
followed him. Oh, he tried to control us too, but we refused. That means,
listen. Thatfs what it was. The Urufa borey that followed them, those who
moved, thatfs what happened with them. Thatfs how they followed them.
ćľAťĚƨčBłÄAŢçÍƢ¤ĆAŢçĚęűIW̤ANeC̤đŁęÄARR̤ÉsŤ˝ČŠÁ˝BČşkÉlÚZľ˝ŠĆ˘¤ĆA ĚlkK[RCĚńˇlĚĐMĚ˝ßÉÚZľ˝ĚĹÍČA żçĚlkf[TĚńˇlĚĐMĚ˝ßÉÚZľ˝ĚžBłÄAÚZľ˝l˝żBăÉZńŢél˝żAłÁŤąąÉ˘˝w̢l[52]AŢçŞŢçđw}ľÄ˘˝BŢçÍƢ¤ĆAťĚl˝żÍŢçđw}ľÄ˘˝ĚĹAŢçÍťĚăĹŚ˝BťęĹŢçÍ˝žŢĚăđ¢ĢÁ˝B AąĚí˝ľ˝żÉÎľÄŕŢÍw}ľć¤Ćľ˝ŞAí˝ľ˝żÍŰľ˝BÂÜ袢ŠËAą¤˘¤ąĆČĚžBŢçĚăđ¢ĢÁ˝Et@E{CAÚZľÄ˘Á˝lŃĆÍAť¤˘¤ąĆžÁ˝ńžBť¤ľÄŢçĚăđ¢ĢÁ˝ńžB
\\ Amiiru
Deesa weyma ga ti mey no?
Who
are the sisters of Dessafs chief?
f[TĚńˇĚo
ĆÍNšŠB
I) To,
e, amiiru Deesa kaŋ weyma no-din, manti kala..., Mumuni Hassaŋ kaŋ n i ga ne
din. Oho. Mumuni Hassan no ka bu, Lambur wo go no sohoŋ. Hal dogo ra no Lamburo
huro. Ni faham. Oho. To, Mumuni din, nga izey no. Ni faham wala? Weyma din i si
ne a se kal de Hudo. Ni faham wala?
All
right. Letfs see. The sisters of Dessafs chief . . . The name was Moumouni
Hassan. Hmm. Moumouni Hassan died, and now there is Rambullo. Rambullo came
after her. You understand? Hmm. Now, Moumouni Hassan, his children. You
understand? Her sister is called Fudo. All right? You understand? You
understand?
ćľAŚŚĆAťĚf[TĚńˇĚo
ÍƢ¤ĆcAjEnbTƢ¤źž[53]B¤ŢBjEnbTŞńĹAu[54]Ş˘Ü˘éBťĚăÉuŞüÁ˝ĚžBíŠéËB¤ŢBłÄAjEnbTAŢĚq˝żžćBíŠéŠËBťĚo
ÍthĆž¤B˘˘ËBíŠéËBíŠéËB
\\ Hudo.
Hudo.
th
I) Oho.
Hudo no i ga ne a se.
Right.
Her name is Hudo.
¤ŢBthĆž¤B
\\ Hudo
ize ga ti A.B.?
Hudofs
child is A.B.?
thĚqŞA.B.[55]šŠB
I) A'a.
Hudo ize ga ti H.K., S.K. Wey ti Hudo izey. Y.K. ga mo go no. Hudo izey ne-ya.
To, Hudo din ga ti boro, Mumuni Hassan weyma. Ni faham. To, wo-din se no ba kaŋ
Mumuni din si bonkoynitara ra, baabiizey ka go no. Si ganji gey wey naŋ gey i
si, ir si kabu ne-here. Ni di ya-cine no. Oho. To, H.K. izo ti B.H. wo. H.S.
izo ga ti M.S.. Oho. Gey mey hal sohoŋ i go de baabey cowo bande. Oho. Ni diy'a.
No.
Hudofs children are H.K. and S.K. They are Hudofs children. There is Y.K. as
well. They are the children of Hudo. Now, as for Hudo, she is Moumouni Hassanfs
sister. You understand? Now, so even if Moumouni wasnft in the position of
chief, she has brothers from the same father. Thatfs why we couldnft stop them
. . . [from moving], but we are not registered here. You understand? Thatfs how
it is. Hmm. Now, H.K.fs kid is B.H. H.S.fs kid is M.S. Hmm. They are under
their fathers. Hmm. All right?
˘˘âBthĚqÍAH.K.ĆS.K.ž[56]BŢçÍthĚqžBY.K.ŕ˘éBŢçÍthĚqžBłÄthÍƢ¤ĆAŢÍjEnbTĚo
žBíŠéËBłÄAťĚ˝ß˝ĆŚjŞńˇĘɢȊÁ˝ĆľÄŕAŻZíŞ˘éBťĚ˝ßŢçŞcAkÚZˇéąĆlÍW°çęČŠÁ˝ĚžŞAí˝ľ˝żÍążçŌȢB˘˘ËAą¤˘¤ąĆČĚžB¤ŢBłÄAH.K.ĚqŞB.H.žBH.S.ĚqŞM.S.ž[57]B¤ŢBŢçÍeĚŤĚăɢéB¤ŢB˘˘ËB
\\ Huun.
Ay faham. A boori. Ya-din no. Wo-wo ke boro kul man har ay se. Ya-din no.
Huh.
I see. Great. Thatfs what happened? Nobody has told me all this. Thatfs what
happened.
Ó¤ńBíŠčÜľ˝BˇÎ羢Bť¤ČńšŠBąĚąĆÍNŕbľÄęÜšńĹľ˝Bť¤žÁ˝ĚšŠB
I) Ya-din
ka te. To, wo ka to hinne borey gana, amma manti borey sabbo se i n i gana bo.
A'a. Ya-hare borey sabbo se no i gana.
Thatfs
what happened. Now, people moved just for this reason. People didnft move for
[the chief of Gaarokoyre]. No. They moved for the people over there.
ť¤žÁ˝ĚžBłÄAąĚąĆ̽ߞŻÉAlŃĆÍÚZľ˝BľŠľlŃĆkK[RCşˇlĚ˝ßÉÚZľ˝íŻĹÍȢ̞ćB˘˘âB żçĚlŃĆĚ˝ßAÚZľ˝B
\\ To,
ya-din no. Sohoŋ, Jaaya. Jaaya. Jaaya da ne da Saaba-Teera i ga waani cele.
I
see. Is that so? Now, Jaaya, Jaaya, Jaaya and Saaba-Tera are different, right?
ČéŮÇAť¤ĹˇŠBłÄAW[AW[AW[ĆąąT[oEe[ÍżŞ˘ÜˇćËB
I) Oho,
i ga waani cele.
Right.
They are different.
¤ŢAżŞ¤B
\\ Bonkoyni
go no-din.
They
have a chief too, right?
żçÉŕńˇŞ˘ÜˇćËB
I) Oho,
bonkoyni go no-din.
Yeah,
they have a chief too.
A żçÉŕńˇŞ˘éB
\\ No-din
wo ke Bonkajerey koon go no no-din.
Are
Bonkajerey the only people there?
żçÉÍA{JWFCžŻŞ˘éńšŠB
I) Oho,
Bonkajerey koon ka go no-din. To, gey mey da, Dulla. bande i ga kabu waati din.
Right.
Bonkajerey are the only people. Now, they used to have their residency under
Dullah [chief of Gaarokoyre at that time].
¤ŢA{JWFCžŻŞ˘éBłÄAŢçÍƢ¤ĆhDbkĚK[RCşˇlĚăŌĢ˝B
\\ Ho.
Huh.
٨B
I) Ni
faham. Gey mey k i ga kabu Dulla. bande. Hano Dulla. din, gen d'ey i go ga car
fitina.
You
see? They were registered under Dullah. Then Dullah and his people and they got
into a conflict.
íŠéËBŢçÍhDbĚăŌĢ˝ĚžBťęŠçhDb˝żĆŢçÍŕßÉČÁ˝B
\\ Ayyo.
Waati fo no i ga car fitina?
Is
that right? When did they get into a conflict?
ť¤ĹˇŠB˘ÂŕßÉČÁ˝ĚšŠB
I) A
go ga nga hino, nga bonkoynitara din, a go g i hottandi, a go g i taabandi. Ni
faham. Maana kaŋ go g i doorandi din, gey mey waato kaŋ kabo ka, gey mey huna
bande. I goro yaamo no-din gey mey. Ni di. Ya-din ka te.
When
he was in power, in the position of chief, he made them [the people of Jaaya]
suffer. You understand? Because he harmed them, they kept living there when
they chose their residency [during the forced migration]. All right? Thatfs
what happened.
ŢŞťĚ ÍAńˇĘÉ éĆŤAŢÍŢçkW[ĚlŃĆÉlh˘v˘đłšAęľß˝BíŠéËBŢçđť¤âÁÄÉßÂŻ˝Ş˝ßÉAŢçÍŚéĆŤk§ÚZŽĚĆŤlAŢçÍ˝žťąÉZÝÂĂŻ˝ĚžB˘˘ËBť¤žÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ayyo,
ya-din no. To, sohoŋ Fawro-haamey borey. I si Saaba-Teera ne da. Wala?
I
see. Thatfs what happened. Now, Ifd like to ask you about the people of Fawru
haamey. They are not in Saaba-Tera, are they?
ČéŮÇAť¤žÁ˝ńšŠBłÄAÉt@EEn[CĚlŃĆšBŢçÍT[oEe[É͢ܚńćËB
I) Fawro-haamey.
In d'ey ka kabu waati din bon jina waate.
Fawru
haamey. They and we used to live together in the times of our anscestors.
t@EEn[CBí˝ľ˝żĆŢçÍćăĚăĆŕɌĢ˝B
\\ Ayyo.
Is
that so?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
I) Oho.
H.D. yoŋ din, A.D. yoŋ din, Abudulahi yoŋ din. In d'ey ka kabu. Amma i kokor ka
bere koyne.
Right.
H.D., A.D., Abudullahi, and their people. They used to live with us. But they
later changed [the registered place of residency] once again.
¤ŢBH.D.˝żAA.D.˝ż[58]AAuhDC˝ż[59]BŢçÍí˝ľ˝żĆŚÄ˘˝BľŠľťĚăŕ¤ęxkZŻo^nđlĎŚ˝B
\\ Ayyo.
Ifo se.
Is
that so? Why?
ť¤ĹˇŠBČşB
I) He?
Huh?
ŚB
\\ Fo
se.
Why?
ČşB
I) Wo
kaŋ se. To, wo kaŋ se ni ga maar'a. Sohoŋ, H.D. yoŋ din, kaŋ in d'ey kab, amma
i kokor ka bere ya-hare. Ga mo wando, wando din kaŋ ni ga bey M.T. din.
Why?
All right, let me tell you. H.D. and his guys originally lived with us but
later moved [the registered place of residency] there. His wife is M.T.
ČşŠBćľAČşŠŤŠšÄâë¤BܸH.D.˝żÍAí˝ľ˝żĆŚÄ˘˝ŞAťĚă żçÉkZŻo^nđlÚľ˝BťĚČÍM.T.žB
\\ Oho.
Ay ga a bey.
Yes,
I know that.
͢BmÁĢܡB
I) To,
ga mo bonkoyno Lamburo wo keyna kaŋ se i ga ne Sumaana. Sumaana din ga mo go
bonkoynitara ra. Amma bonkoynitara din, a na taali te, gufornmon na a kar.
Good.
Soumana [the seventeenth chief of Dessa canton], who is the brother of chief
Rambullo, was also in the position of chief. But he was stripped of this
position by the government for a fraud he committed.
ćľAŢÍƢ¤ĆAńˇĹ éuĚíÉ ˝éX}[ik17ăf[TEJgĚńˇlAąĚX}[iŕńˇĘÉ Á˝ĚžŞAąĚńˇĘÍAŢŞsłđĆľ˝˝ßÉA{ÉDłę˝ĚžB
\\ Gober...?
Gouberɲmon na kar.
Gober
. . . The government stripped it.
SxcB{ŞDľ˝B
I) A?
Huh.
B
\\ Guuberɲmon na a ka.
The
government removed him.
{ŞŢđ˘˝B
I) A
na ka. Ni faham. Manti kal a Kunce waate no. Kunce hino waate no. Kunce no kate
homo, ŋaari, Deesa meytara kul se a kata ŋaari. To, ŋaaro din no, a na, a na
tugu. A man a no borey se. Ni faham. To, i koy ka kalmi. Mumuni din da kaŋ ti
baabiizo n ga no koy ka kalmi. To, ga ti kaŋ i na sooja yoŋ ka ciino here, i ka
ka windo se a si ka di na hama din kal garey ra. Garey ra hama din ga daab. Ni
faham. To, ga ti kaŋ i na tira te a se. I na a ka bonkoynitara ra, i na Mumuni
daŋ. Mumuni wo ka huro, a manti voot, i na a bere ka daŋ de.
They
removed him. You understand? This was during Kountchefs time. During Kountchefs
reign. Kountche brought corn and other food. He brought food to the entire
region of Dessa, which was under his rule. Now, he, he hid the food. He didnft
give it to the people. You understand? Now, he was going to be charged.
Moumouni, his paternal brother [his rival] went and charged him. Now, a soldier
was going to come at night, and he came to his house. Corn was in the house.
Corn was covered [with a piece of cloth or something] in the house. You understand?
Now, thatfs how paper was written for him. He was removed from the position of
chief, and Moumouni was appointed instead. Moumouni became [the chief]. So it
wasnft as a result of an election, but he was simply put there to replace
someone else.
˘˝ĚžBíŠéËBN`FĚă̹ƞBN`F úžBN`FŞRVAHżđŕÁÄŤ˝Bf[TĚxzSĚÉHĆđŕÁÄŤ˝BłÄAąĚHżđAŢÍAŢÍBľ˝BŢÍlŃĆÉťęđ^ŚČŠÁ˝BíŠéËBłÄAŢÍłęéąĆÉČÁ˝BŢĚŻŮęZíkColĹ éjŞľÉ˘Á˝ĚžBłÄAą¤ľÄşmŞéâÁÄéąĆÉČčAŢĚŽ~ÉâÁĽ̞ŞARVÍĆŽĚČŠÉ Á˝BRVÍĆŽĚČŠĹkzŠČÉŠÉl˘íęĢ˝BíŠéËBłÄAą¤ľÄŢĚ˝ßÉŞÂçę˝BŢÍńˇĘŠçŠęAjŞuŠę˝B ĚjŞkńˇĘÉlüÁ˝ĚžŞAťęÍ[ÉćéŕĚĹÍČAđÖłęÄuŠę˝žŻžB
To,
Sumaana din, ga mo ga wone weyma ti H.D. wande wo, ni faham. Sumaana wande da
H.D. wone, ikkul ɲa fo baaba fo. Ni faham. To, sohoŋ Sumaana yoŋ din, waato kaŋ H.D. yoŋ
kab ne-here din, kul Sumaana yoŋ din i na i ce. I salaŋ i se. I ne hal ifo no i
di amiiru Kokor here kaŋ se i ga..., i ga hun ya-hare ka ye no-din. To, ga ti
H.D. yoŋ i ye ka ye. Ni faham.
Now,
as for Soumanafs s sisters. Listen. Soumanafs wife and H.D.fs wife have the same
mother and father. You understand? Now, immediately after H.D. and his people
registered their residency here [Kokor canton, Tera prefecture], Soumana and
his people called him. They talked to him. They said, eWhy in the world do they
. . . do they leave their place and follow the chief of Kokor?f So H.D. and his
people went back to their place. You see?@
łÄAťĚX}[ižŞAťĚo
ŞA˘˘ËAX}[iĚČĆH.D.ĚČÍęĐĆÂĐĆžBíŠéËBłÄAąĚX}[i˝żžŞAH.D.˝żŞążçke[§RRĽJglĹŚéĆA˝žżÉŢđÄŃžľ˝BŢçÉbľ˝B˘Á˝˘ČşŢçÍcAŢçÍA żçđŁęÄARRĚńˇĚ¤đĆé̞ƞÁ˝BłÄAą¤ľÄH.D.˝żÍßÁĢÁ˝BíŠéËB
To,
shoŋ k i ye, H.W. din mo, E.D. din, beero ga huna, beero din mo ne ne a se hal
a man bere. Kul ga ka ta a farey. Mo farey kaŋ H.W. ga goy gungo ra din, E.D.
din yoŋ wone yoŋ no. E.D. yoŋ din gey wone. To, gey mey caba a se kaŋ hal a man
bere ka ye ka ka, to, kul bey ka ta farey. Abdulahi mo bere. To, wo ka naŋ
Fawro-haamey din kokor ka bere koyne. Oho. Ni faham wala?
Now,
they went back, and the next was Abdullahi. E.D.fs brother was still alive at
this time. His brother told him not to move [the registered place of
residency], or he would take his fields. The rice fields Abdullahi is working
in on the island belong to E.D. and his people. Now, they emphasized if they
moved their residency and never came back, they would take their fields right
away. Abdullahi moved his residency. Thatfs how Fawru haamey eventually moved
their residency again. Hmm. You understand?
łÄAŢçŞßÁÄAÂŹÍAuhDCžŞAąĚĆŤÜžE.D.[60]ĚZŞśŤÄ˘˝ĚžŞAąĚZŞŢÉkZŻo^nđlÚˇČAłŕČŻęÎc¨đóŻĆéĆžÁ˝BAuhDCŞ˘Ä˘éĚîcA ęÍE.D.˝żĚŕĚžBłÄŢçÍAÚľÄßÁÄČŻęÎA˝žżÉ¨đóŻĆéĆž˘ŤŠš˝ĚžBAuhDCÍÚľ˝BłÄAą¤ľÄt@EEn[CÍAĹIIÉÓ˝˝ŃÚľ˝B¤ŢBíŠÁ˝ŠËB
\\ Oho.
Ay fama. Ya-din no.
Yes.
I understand. Is that right?
͢BíŠčÜľ˝Bť¤ČńšŠB
I) Oho.
Ayyo.
Hmm.
Thatfs right.
¤ŢBť¤žB
\\ Ay
faham. Da borey din. E, sanga hayo, taasi fersimi waate no ay faham no.
Saaba-Teera borey go no, Saaba-Fuliyande borey go no,
I
see. And those people, letfs see, how do I say this. I noticed while
distributing the grain. There are people of Saaba-Tera, and there are people of
Saaba Fuliyande.
íŠčÜľ˝BťęĆ Ěl˝żAŚŚĆAČńĆž˘ÜˇŠA¨đŞzľ˝ĆŤÉí˝ľŕCâ˝ĚšŞBT[oEe[ĚlŃĆŞ˘ÄAT[oEtAfĚlŃĆŞ˘éB
I) *Ayyo.
*
[laughing] Right.
*k΢Ȫçlť¤žB
\\ Da
Saaba ra no a go, amma kaŋ go ga bana jangar Looga se mo go no mey.
And
there are also people who live in Saaba but are paying taxes in Looga.
ťęÉT[oɢéŞA[KÉĹŕđ[ßĢélŃĆŕ˘ÜˇćËB
I) Oho.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ Gey
wo ke, fo se i go Looga bande.
Why
are they under Looga?
ŢçÍČş[KĚăëɢéńšŠB
I) Saaba-Fuliyande
din kaŋ ni ga m i ga ne, manti Saaba-Fuliyande no. Saaba-Looga. Ni faham. I si
kab kal Looga. Ni faham.
You
said Saaba Fuliyande, but itfs not Saaba Fuliyande. Itfs Saaba Looga. You
understand? Their residency is registered in Looga. You understand?
T[oEtAfĆĄ¨ÜŚŞžÁ˝ĚÍAT[oEtAfĹÍȢBT[oE[KžBíŠéËBŢ窌éĚÍ[KžBíŠéËB
\\ Looga.
Looga.
[KB
I) To,
Looga din kaŋ i ga kabu din, ni faham, gey mey wo kaŋ si go Looga din, gey mey
ay no i si ba.
Now,
those who are registered in Looga. Listen. They are in Looga, but they donft
like me.
łÄA[KŌĢél˝żA˘˘ŠËAŢçÍ[KɢéĚžŞAŢçÍí˝ľđDŤĹÍȢ̞B
\\ *Ayyo!
*
[laughing] Is that right?
*k΢Ȫçlť¤ĹˇŠB
I) *Oho.
Hano kaŋ i ga ay daŋ din, borey koy i do daŋ de i ma waafaku. I ne hal ay no i
ga daŋ kul i si yedda. Borey mey man ** borey mey man yedda, borey n ey daŋ.
Sohoŋ kaŋ borey na daŋ..., mey daŋ kubey wey, cindi yaamo Looga. I ne gey si
kab ay bande.
*
[laughing] Right. When I was appointed [to be the chief], they got together
among themselves and made an alliance. They said they would not let me become
the chief. The people** [inaudible], the people did not let me become the
chief. Now, the people appointed . . . They couldnft decide who to appoint as
the chief and just stayed in Looga. They said they would not register their
residency under me.
*k΢Ȫçl¤ŢBí˝ľŞkńˇĘÉluŠę˝úAťĚlŃĆÍŢ瞯ĹWÜÁÄŻżľ˝BŢçÍAí˝ľŞuŠęéąĆđͳȢƞÁ˝BlŃĆÍ**kˇŤĆčsÂ\lAlŃĆÍí˝ľŞuŠęéąĆđͳȊÁ˝BłÄAlŃĆÍu˘˝cANđuŠŞßçę¸A˝ž[KÉĚąÁ˝BŢçÍí˝ľĚăŌȢƞÁ˝B
\\ I
si ba Dulla. yoŋ mo, ni mo.
They
didnft like Dullah, and they didnft like you either.
ŢçÍhDbŞDŤĹÍČA Ƚ̹ĆŕDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝B
I) Oho,
i si gey mey bande. Ni di. Oho, sohoŋ i go de Looga ka kabu wey-wey. Ni di,
ya-cine ka te.
Right.
They are not under myself either. All right? Hmm. These guys are still in Looga.
All right? Thatfs what happened.
¤ŢAŢçÍŠŞŠgĚăÉŕ˘Č˘B˘˘ËB¤ŢBąĚA͢Üཞ[KɢéB˘˘ËAą¤˘¤ąĆžÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ya-din
no. Ay faham.
I
see.
ť¤ĹˇŠBíŠčÜľ˝B
I) Oho.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ Amma
fo se i si ba ni no.
But
why donft they like you?
ŻęÇAČşŢçÍ Č˝ĚąĆđDŤĹÍȢĚšŠB
I) N?
Hmm.
¤ńB
\\ Fo
se i si ba ni no?
Why
donft they like you?
Čş Ƚ̹ĆđDŤĹÍȢĚšŠB
I) *Wo
kaŋ se i si ba ay? To, guna de, za ni ga bey ka hã, boro yoŋ wey ne ma tun boro
konney de yaamo yaamo. Ni faham. Boro fo yoŋ i si ba boro de no, fisbillahi. Ba
da gomuni te i si ba ni. Oho. Doŋ da manti wo-din, taali kul ay man te i se. Ay
man taali kul te i se. Amma i si ba de kaŋ i mey daŋ bonkoynitarey no wal ay no
i si ba.
*
[laughing] Why donft they like me? Now, listen. If you ask them, they will say
itfs because they just donft like me. You understand? People donft like some
people. Indeed. Even if you do them a favor, they still donft like
you. Right. If not, I didnft commit any fraud on them. I didnft commit any
fraud on them. They just didnft want a chief, or they didnft like me.
*k΢ȪçlČşí˝ľđDŤĹÍȢŠBłÄA˘˘Š˘A¨ÜŚŞť¤âÁÄżâđľÄÝęÎAťĚAÍ˝ž˘žŠçĆž¤žë¤BíŠéËBNŠđDŤĹÍȢŇ͢éĚžAâÎÉB˝ĆŚśbđŕ˝çľÄâÁÄŕAŢçͨ܌đDŤĹÍȢB¤ŢBŕľť¤ĹȢČçAí˝ľÍŢçÉČńĚsłŕľÄ˘Č˘Bí˝ľÍŢçÉČńĚsłŕľÄ˘Č˘BŢçÍ˝žńˇĘđuŤ˝ČŠÁ˝A é˘Íí˝ľđDŤĹÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ay
faham.
I
see.
íŠčÜľ˝B
I) Ni
faham, wala?
You
see?
íŠÁ˝ŠËB
\\ Ya-din
no. Huun. Hal. Ya-din ga hal sohoŋ ni ga jonte, ma si jonte fa. Amma...
Is
that so? Huh. By the way, if you get sick. I mean, I donft want you to get
sick, but . . .
ť¤ĹˇŠBÓ¤ńBĆąëĹAŕľ Č˝ŞaCÉČÁÄA˘âaCÉČçȢŞł˘ćB˝žcB
I) Ha'a.
Da Irkoy kata, a ga te, waati kul sinda taali kul.
Thatfs
all right. If thatfs Godfs will, let it happen. I donft mind it at any time.
˘˘âB_Şŕ˝çłę˝çAť¤Č鞯žA˘ÂĹŕâčȢB
\\ Ya-din
ga han fo, boro fo no ga fuula sambu. Ni ga zumb, boro fo no ga fuula samb me.
Koyra wo ra wo ke Urfa-borey ra no boro ga suuba? Ya-din no a ga te.
I
mean, someone will become the chief someday, right? You resign and somebody
else will become the chief, right? Is he going to be chosen among Urufa borey?
Is that what is going to happen?
ÂÜčA˘ÂŠNŠŞńˇĘđŚéńšćËB Č˝Ş~čÄAĘĚlŞńˇĘđĆčܡćËBąĚşĹÍAEt@E{CĚČŠŠçIÔńšŠBť¤ˇéńšŠB
I) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ Urufa-borey
kul no ga a ga te? Sanga...
Can
any Urufa borey become the chief? For example . . .
Et@E{CSőŞČčŚéĚšŠB˝ĆŚÎcB
I) A'a.
Ikkul si te.
No.
Not everyone.
˘˘âBSőĹÍȢB
\\ Ikkul
si te.
Not
everyone.
SőĹÍȢB
I) Kal
borey kaŋ tuk ay ga. Oho. Borey kaŋ tuk ay ga. Sohoŋ di ga samb sohoŋ, ay kal
de i ma samb ay bumbo izey, wal ay beero kaŋ ga.. in d'a kul ɲa fo baaba fo.
Only
those related to me. Right. Only those related to me. Right now, it would be my
children . . . or my brother who has the same mother and father.
í˝ľĆ×ÚˇélŃĆžŻžB¤ŢBí˝ľĆ×ÚˇélžŻBĄČçAí˝ľŠgĚq˝żcA é˘Íí˝ľĚZAęĐĆÂĐĆÂĚB
KŇ Wassalaamaleykum
Visitor: As-salamu
alaykum.
AbT[EACNB
\\ Maaleykom
salaam.
Wa
alaykumu as-salamu
EACNEAbT[B
I) Maaleykom
salaam.
Wa
alaykumu as-salamu.
EACNEAbT[B
k^šflkRecording discontinuedl
\\ De
Saaba-Teera koyra singiyoŋo senno ra, wo kaŋ ay dirgan go no, ga ti boro fo ka
har ay se.
When we talked about the creation of the chief of Saaba-Tera, there
was something I forgot to mention. Itfs something someone told me about.
T[oEe[ńˇĘnÝćĚČŠĹAYęĢ˝ąĆŞ éńšB élŞbľÄ꽹ĆšB
I) To.
All right.
ćľB
\\ Hayyow,
urugga karyoŋ waate, hayo ciito bambata no tun, urugga karyoŋo banda de. Sanga
de... N? Urugga karyoŋo, waato kaŋ urugga kar, war kul go Urufa ra wala?
Letfs see. When the AHA was
built, there was a big trial, right? After the AHA was built. That means c um.
When the AHA was built, when the AHA was built, you were all in Ulfa island,
werenft you?
ŚŚĆAAHAÝĚŰAŚŚĆAĺŤČŮťŞ¨Ť˝ńšćËAAHAÝăBÂÜčcAńBAHAÝAAHAÝA Č˝Ş˝ÍAEt@ɢ˝ńšćËB
I) N?
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ War
kul go Urufa wala Gurma no...
Were
you all in Ulfa Island or on the west bank?
Č˝Ş˝ÍÝČEt@ɢ˝ńšŠAťęĆŕźÝɢ˝ńšŠB
I) Gurma
no ir go.
We
were on the west bank.
í˝ľ˝żÍźÝɢ˝B
\\ Gurma
no war go. Huun.
You
were on the west bank. Huh.
źÝɢ˝ńšŠBÓ¤ńB
I) Oho.
Ir go ne da Gurma.
Right.
We were on the west bank.
¤ŢBźÝɢ˝B
\\ Ayyo.
Huun. De wo-din banda, i na urugga kar, de kampaaɲu fo, kampaaɲu hinka bisa, to, waat in no
kuudeta tun.
You
were? Huh. Then the AHA was built, the first farming season passed, the second
farming season passed. And then, the coup occurred.
ť¤ĹˇŠBÓ¤ńBťĚăAAHAŞÝłęÄA1NÚĚ_GA2NÚĚ_GŞˇŹÄAłÄAťĚĆŤN[f^ިŤ˝B
I) Ayyo.
To. Nhun.
Thatfs
right. Good. Hmm.
ťĚƨčBćľAÓńB
\\ Un.
Yeah.
¤ńB
I) Kuudeta
fo dumi no.
What kind of coup are you
talking about?
ÇńČN[f^žËB
\\ Ya-din
ga delgey, paley kaŋ koma din, i na ŋa gey gamo ra hinne, de wo...
So
the delegates redistributed the plots that slipped away among themselves, and
c.
ÂÜčă\ŞAڰ˝lČćđŢçĚ ˘žžŻĹH×ÄcB
I) Oho,
ay faham sohoŋ. Sohoŋ danga... Toonandi de sohoŋ.
Right.
Now I know. So c. Just tell me the whole story.
BĄíŠÁ˝ćBžŠçcBܸĹăÜĹbľÄÝČł˘B
\\ A,
wo-wo ay bumbo mo ay man bey ka boori no. Boro ka har ay se de. De i na te
ciiti? I te ciiti, de boro kaŋ te kuudeta, i du jere. Da Delgey yoŋ mo i du
jere. To, waato din, delgey din ra, Sandi go no kaŋ ti amiiru. De wo se no boro
kaŋ si baar'ey, boro kaŋ si ba delgey yoŋ, kaŋ ti amiiru yoŋ, i hun car bande.
De borey kaŋ si baar'ey, no ka marga, de i na ni suuba ka te bonkoyni ka koyra
wo singi. Ya-din no boro fo ka ne.
Um,
I donft know much about it myself either. Itfs just something someone told me
about. So you had a trial, right? You had a trial, people who started the coup
got some [of the plots], and the delegates also got some. Now, one of the
delegates was Sandi, the chief. And because of that, the people who didnft want
him, the people who didnft want the delegates, one of whom was the chief,
separated. Then the people who didnft want them had a meeting, chose you as the
chief, and established this village. Thatfs what someone told me.
AąĚąĆÍí˝ľŠgŕćmçȢńšB élŞbľÄę˝Ć˘¤žŻĹˇBťęĹŮťđľ˝ńĹľ˝ÁŻBŮťđľÄAN[f^𨹾˝l˝żŞklČćĚlęđŚÄAă\˝żŕęđŚ˝BłÄAąĚĆŤă\˝żĚČŠÉÍAńˇĹ éTfBŞ˘˝Bťęŝ̽ßÉŢĚąĆđ]ÜȢlŃĆAă\ÂÜčńˇ˝żđ]ÜȢlŃĆÍAŞŠęÄľÜÁ˝BťęĹŢçđ]ÜȢlŞWďđľÄAŢçŞ Č˝đńˇÉIŃAąĚşđnÝľ˝Bť¤ élŞ˘Á˝ńšB
I) Oho,
bora man du bando.
Hmm.
That person doesnft have any proofs.
¤ŢBťĚlÍ đĆÁĢȢČB
\\ Ayyo.
Is
that so?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
I) Bora
naŋ deedandi de. Ni faham. Hano kaŋ dalgey huwo din, kuudeta din, ay wo da ka
te. Oho. Ay ka kuudeta din te. Han din, han din, han din i man ne daŋ bonkoyni,
ni faham.
He
just told you a story. You understand? The coup that happened at the delegatefs
house, I started it. Right. I started the coup. That day, that day, that day,
they didnft say, gLetfs assign a chief.h You understand?
ťĚlͨ܌ɨęÁ˝žŻžćBíŠéËBťĚă\ĚĆŨŤ˝AťĚN[f^ÍAąĚí˝ľŞ¨ąľ˝ĚžB¤ŢBąĚí˝ľŞťĚN[f^𨹾˝BťĚúAťĚúAťĚúŢçÍńˇđuą¤Ć͢íČŠÁ˝BíŠéËB
\\ Ni
nda may no ka te...
Č˝ĆNŞcB
You
and who else c.
I) Ay
no dalgey, dalgey, ayyo, e, i waafakey boŋ. Ni faham. K i waafakey boŋ. deyna
taali keyna fo te urugga ra. Zambar taaci no i ga jukke. Ni faham. Hal ce fo te
kaŋ i na taali keyna fo te, a man to hay kul. Kaŋ boro yoŋ go ga te, i si ta i
ga ba dala. Lokoco din ga zambar wey no i n i jukke. Zambar wey cindi gu. Ni
faham. Ikul waafaku i ne, gey da cala din ra i na car yaamar i na gaayi zambar
wey. Ni faham. To, de i man zambar weya bana kul i ne i ga ta paley. Ni faham.
Ni faham wala?
I
had the delegates, the delegates, right, letfs see, they reached an agreement.
You understand? They reached an agreement to make people pay a fine of 20,000
CFA franc if they caused minor troubles. People didnft [used to] have to do
anything when they only caused minor troubles. The delegates didnft take even 5
CFA franc from them. But at that time, they decided to impose a fine of 50,000
CFA franc, 75,000 CFA franc. You see? Everyone agreed. They said c they talked
among themselves and decided to take 50,000 CFA franc from people. You
understand? Now, because he didnft pay 50,000 CFA franc, they tried to take
away his plot. You understand? You got it?
í˝ľŞă\˝żAă\˝żAť¤ť¤AŚŚĆŢçÍÓľ˝ńžBíŠéËBŢ窽ŠÉÓľ˝ŠĆ˘¤ĆAŹłČâčđAHAĹ¨ąľ˝ĐĆ˝żÉAąŕ20,000CFAtđĽíšć¤Ćľ˝ńžBkŠÂÄÍlŹłČâč𨹾˝žŻČçA˝ŕłęČŠÁ˝BťĚlŠçA5CFAtŕóŻĆçČŠÁ˝Bƹ몝ĚĆŤ50,000CFAtĚąŕA75,000CFAtĚąŕđČť¤Ćľ˝BíŠéËBÝČŞÓľAŢ窞¤ÉÍcAŢçĆťĚÔĚČŠĹkľ ÁÄA50,000CFAtđĆë¤Ć˘¤ąĆÉČÁ˝BíŠéËBłÄAťĚ50,000CFAtđĽíČŠÁ˝ŕĚžŠçAlČćđóŻĆë¤Ćľ˝BíŠéËBíŠÁ˝ŠËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
got it.
íŠčÜľ˝B
I) To,
ga ti kaŋ ay mo, ay fatta fondo fo ra, ay koy du alooma fondo fo. Kaŋ gonda
gaabi. Zambar weya din a man te. Paley taayoŋo mo a man te. Ni faham. To, ay n i
zeeri no-din. Ni faham. To, kaŋ wo-din te, ga ti kaŋ ay mo sohoŋ ke, ay ga bey
ma cabe i se kaŋ ay mo, ba kaŋ i go dalgeytara din ay mo ga cabe i se kaŋ
Fuliyande din ra, Fuliyande da Looga gamo ra, boro kul si bisa ay. Oho. Ga ti
kaŋ ay mo ka ka huro, ay huro ka te anketto. Ni faham. Sanda politiiku. Ay ne
politiiku wo-din te waato kaŋ ay politiiku nin ka boori, ay man du kal boro
weytaaci cindi gu. kaŋ n ay gana. Ir m i ka, ir ma dalgey ka. Ni faham. Oho. ir
ma dalgey ka. Boro wey taaci cindi gu no ay du kaŋ n ey gana.
Now, because of this, I, I
decided to take action as well. I decided to take powerful action. Because
making people pay 50,000 CFA franc is not good. Taking away peoplefs plots is
not good, either. You know? Now, because of that, they defeated me. You
understand? After that, I decided to make them pay, to make those in the
delegatesf position understand that nobody in the area from Fuliyande to Looga
had more power than I do. Right. Thatfs why I joined. I joined the investigation,
in other words, politics. I conducted politics, and when politics was ripe, I
had 45 followers. We decided to remove them, to remove the delegates. All
right? Mm. We decided to remove the delegates. What I got was as many as 45
followers.
łÄAť¤˘¤ąĆŞ ÁÄí˝ľŕAí˝ľŕčiÉiŚéąĆÉľ˝BĐĆÂĚÍČčiđĆéąĆÉľ˝BƢ¤Ěŕ50,000CFAtƢ¤ĚÍćȢŠçžBlČćĚvűŕćȢBíŠéËBłÄAťĚąĆĹŢçÍí˝ľđ|ľ˝ĚžBíŠéËBť¤ČÁÄŠçí˝ľÍAí˝ľŕŢçÉv˘mçšÄâë¤Aă\ĚnĘÉ éŇ˝żÉAtAfŠç[KĚęŃĹNŕí˝ľđzŚéŇ͢ȢƢ¤ąĆđv˘ľçšÄâë¤Ćß˝B¤ŢBťęĹí˝ľŕüÁ˝ĚžAí˝ľÍ˛¸ÉüÁ˝ĚžBÂÜ襞Bí˝ľÍĄđ¨ąČ˘AťĚĄŞ\Şnľ˝ĆŤAí˝ľÍ45lđ]ŚÄ˘˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍŢçđą¤Aă\đą¤Ćľ˝B˘˘ËB¤ŢBă\đą¤Ćľ˝Bí˝ľŞŚ˝ĚÍA45lŕĚí˝ľÉ]¤ŇžÁ˝B
To,
borey din, e, borey kaŋ kab Sandi banda a go i ra, ay ne i go i ra. Ni faham. Suley
yoŋ wey da i go i ra. K.S. yoŋ kaŋ go i go i ra. Ni faham. Jama ga ba kaŋ in d'ey
no. Amma ikkul ay, ay sabbo din no i gana. To, ga ti kaŋ ir, ir ka ka, ay ka ka
cabe kaŋ i g i ka, ay g i ka dalgeytara ra. Ni di.
Now,
some of these people were backing Sandi. They were among the people, too, all
right? You understand? Sourey and his people were among them. K.S. and his
people were among them. You understand? We were powerful. But all of them
followed me, my prestige. Now, so we c I made it clear that we were going to
remove the delegates from their position. I made it clear we were going to
remove the delegates from their position. All right?
łÄAąĚlŃĆĚČŠÉÍAŚŚATfBĚăëŌĢéŇ˝żŕ˘˝B˘˘ËAŢçࢽ̞BíŠéËBXC˝żŕ˘˝BK.S.˝żŕ˘˝BíŠéËBí˝ľ˝żĚ¨ÍÍ半Á˝BľŠľSőŞí˝ľAąĚí˝ľĚĐMÉ]Á˝ĚžBłÄAťęĹí˝ľ˝żÍcAí˝ľÍŢçđąĆđ ŤçŠÉľ˝Aí˝ľŞŢçđă\ĚnĘŠçąĆđ ŤçŠÉľ˝B˘˘ËB
To,
waato kaŋ ay ka ka cabe k ey ga i ka dalgeytara ra, k in d'ey sanno daabu
ne-wo, kal ir senno koy Tilabeeri. I n ey no tira kal ay ma koy no i se. Suba
attinno, hal gey, hal gey ga ka, kul gey ma gar bora kul na car kubey i g i ka.
Ni faham.
Now, I made it clear that we were going to remove the delegates from
their position, then I said no more. Until this story reached Tilabeeri. I was
given a piece of paper and was told to give it to them [the delegates]. They
[the commander and the ONAHA staff] wanted all of us to gather to remove them
[the delegates] when they [the commander and the ONAHA staff] came next
Wednesday. You understand?
łÄAí˝ľŞŢçđă\ĚnĘŠçąĆđ ŤçŠÉľÄAťęŠçí˝ľÍąąĹĚbđ´ľ˝BąĚbŞeBx[ÉsÜĹžBí˝ľÍđ^ŚçęAŢçkă\lÉ^Śéć¤ÉĆžíę˝BĚ
júAŢçki߯AONAHAEőlŞ˝çAŢçkă\lđ˝ßÉÝČŞWÜéąĆÉČÁĢ˝BíŠéËB
To,
k ey ka te tira, ni faham. To, bora kaŋ se ay na tiraa no, L.F. ya ni ga a bey?
Ay ne a se a ma gaab tiraa ga kal attinno. Attinno ciino, a ma kond'a ka no i
se. To, ga mo kaŋ a taay'a. A man te wo k ey ne. Za a ta i se, wiiza bisa
koyd'a ka no i se. A man goro ka batu atinno ciino kaŋ ay ne. Ni di. Za i di
tiraa din, sohoŋ i hambur, to, i sambu koporatifu nooro, koporatifu nooro din i
sambu nooru boobo, i koyd'a Tilabeeri. I ne Irkoy se i ma te ngey se faaba.
Oho, i ma si gey ka. Ni faham. To, i na nooro din no. Ay wo man bey. Kal kaŋ
komandaŋ wo ka, gen da Wanaha direkutaaro i ka, ga ti kaŋ i ka k ir hã :áIfo se kaŋ war go ma cer yengeâ? Oho,:áIfo se kaŋ
war go fitinaâ? Ay deede, ay deede hatta i ki..,
taali k i go ga te, kaŋ si cimi bande. D ey m i deede. Ga ti kaŋ komandaŋo a ne
i se : áWa di, boro wo a gonda cimi da warâ. Oho. Wanaha direkutaaro, a ne i se : áBoro wo a gonda cimi da warâ. I ne i se : áWar sinda
cimi pat pat patâ! Ni faham.
Now, when I received the paper
c. Are you with me? Now, I gave the paper to someone. Do you know L.F.? I told
him to hold on to this paper until Wednesday. I told him to bring it to them
[the delegates] on Wednesday evening. Now, he got the paper. He didnft do what
I told him to do. What he did is when he got the paper from me, he immediately
brought it to them. He didnft wait until Wednesday evening as I told him to.
All right? They saw the paper and got afraid. So they brought co-op money, lots
of co-op money, to Tilabeeri. They said, gPlease save us.h Mm. They begged them
[the commander and ONAHAfs head manager] not to remove them. Now, they [the
delegates] gave them [the commander and ONAHAfs head manager] the money. I had
no idea until the commander and ONAHAfs head manager came. They came and asked
us, gWhy are you guys fighting?h Right. gWhat is this conflict about?h I told
them. I told them their [the delegatesf] c all the fraud and wrongdoing they
have been committing. Then the commander said to them [the delegates], gYou
guys got that? This man is more right than you guys.h Mm. ONAHAfs head manager
also said to them, gThis man is more right than you guys.h They said, gYou guys
are not right at all.h You understand?
łÄAí˝ľŞđČľ˝ĆŤAíŠéËAłÄAí˝ľÍťĚđ él¨Énľ˝BL.F.[61]đmÁĢéŠËBí˝ľÍŢÉąĚđ júÜĹŕÁĢéć¤ÉžÁ˝B júĚéÉČÁ˝çAŢçkă\lĚĆąëÉŕÁÄsŻĆžÁ˝BłÄAŢÍóŻĆÁ˝BŢÍí˝ľĚžÁ˝Ć¨čɾȊÁ˝BśÁł˘ÉÍAťęđóŻéĆ˝žżÉŢçĚĆąëÉÁĢÁÄnľ˝Bí˝ľŞžÁ˝ júĚéÜĹҽȊÁ˝B˘˘ËBŢçÍťĚđŠÄA°ę˝BťęĹŚŻg̨ŕAŚŻg̨ŕđ˝łńeBx[ÉŕÁĢÁ˝BŢçÍuČńĆŠ¨~˘žł˘vĆžÁ˝B¤ŢBŠęȢć¤ÉľÄžł˘AĆBłÄAŢçÍáĚŕđnľ˝Bí˝ľÍmçČŠÁ˝Bi߯ĆAONAHAĚǡŞâÁÄéÜĹžBâÁÄ˝ŢçÍAuČş¨ÜŚ˝żÍÁĢéĚžvĆí˝ľ˝żÉ˝¸Ë˝B¤ŢBuČş¨ÜŚ˝żÍŕßĢéĚžvBí˝ľÍbľÄâÁ˝Aí˝ľÍŢçŞcAŢçŞâÁĢésłAłľČ˘s˘đ 碴ç˘bľÄâÁ˝BˇéĆi߯ÍŢçkă\˝żlÉžÁ˝Bu¨ÜŚ˝żíŠÁ˝ŠAąĚlͨ܌˝żćčłľ˘źvB¤ŢBONAHAĚǡŕAŢçÉžÁ˝BuąĚlͨ܌˝żćčłľ˘źvBŢçÍu¨ÜŚ˝żÍAहęÁŰÁżŕłľČ˘vĆžÁ˝BíŠéËB
To,
waato k i na i goy..., ir, ay gonda cimi dey, i n i taalandi. Waati din no i ne
ay se : áAmma ni mo ni gonda taaliâ. Ni faham. I ne ay se : áNi taalo ka ti borey kaŋ ni ga ne karmi ka i
man to hõyoŋâ. I ne kaŋ gey n i daŋ, gey man i daŋ kal jiiri
hinza boŋ. To, jiiri hinza wo, ba i go ga taali te, i si hin k i ka. Kal de
jiiri hinza a to. Ya-din ga i ne ay se : áBa kaŋ ni
gonda cimi, ni si hin k i ka da manti jiiri hinza a naŋ toâ. Ni faham. áKal de da jiiri
hinza toâ. To, waati kaŋ i ne, to, sohoŋ ke
i ne ay se : áNi senno si no, danga i si hunâ. I ne ay se : áI si hun
kal de da jiiri hinza a toâ. Oho. Ni
faham.
Now, when they c decided we,
we were right, they [the delegates] misled them [the commander and others].
Then they said to me, gBut you are also wrong on something.h You understand?
They said to me, gWhatfs wrong is the timing of your accusation.h According to
them, they replace delegates every three years. Now, during these three years,
you cannot remove them even if they commit fraud. Until after the three years
is over. So they said to me, gEven if you are right, you cannot remove them if
their three years is not over.h You understand? gUntil after the three years is
over.h Now, then they said to me, gYou are not going to get what you want. In
other words, they are not going to quit.h They said to me, gThey are not going
to leave until after the three years is over.h Mm. You understand?
łÄAť¤ľÄŢçŞcAí˝ľ˝żAí˝ľŞłľ˘Ćľ˝ĆŤAŢçkă\˝żlÍŢçki߯˝żlđëçš˝BťęŠçŢçÍí˝ľÉžÁ˝ĚžBužŞ¨ÜŚŕAëÁ˝ĆąëŞ évBíŠéËBŢçŞí˝ľÉžÁ˝BuťĚëčĆÍA¨ÜŚŞľ˝ÍÜžXđŚÄ˘Č˘ąĆžvBŢ窞¤ÉÍAŢçÍ3N˛ĆÉă\đuBłÄAťĚ3NÔÍA˝ĆŚsłđľ˝ĆľÄŕAŢçđąĆÍōȢB3N˝ÂÜĹÍBžŠçŢçŞí˝ľÉžÁ˝Bu¨ÜŚŞłľ˘ĆľÄŕA3N˝˝Č˘ÔÍŢçđąĆÍōȢvBíŠéËBu3N˝ÂÜĹÍvBłÄAť¤ľÄŢçÍŞí˝ľÉž¤ÉÍAu¨ÜŚĚĺŁÇ¨čÉÍČçȢAÂÜčŢçÍâßȢvBŢçÍí˝ľÉžÁ˝BuŢçÍ3N˝ÂÜĹÍŁęȢvB¤ŢBíŠéËB
Amma
borey kaŋ boŋ, in d'ey yenge din, palaa iddu no. I na pala taaca no ay se. I n
ihinka no i se. I ne ay ma no ay borey se palaa taaca. Gey mey ma sambu ihinka
i ma no gey borey se. Ni diy'a. Oho. Zama kaŋ, kaŋ in na car kar, ir go ga car
yenge din, pala idduwa din, i go g i no gey borey se, ay mo ne borey se samb, ay
ne i ma koy k i goy, ay borey koy i n i tunandi. I na yeejey daŋ i n i tunandi.
Wo-din kul yenga go ga te waati din. To, kaŋ i ka ka ciiti ir se. paley din
itaaca i n i n ey borey se, i ne pala hinka no i borey se. To, sohoŋ i ne ir ma
sawa. I ne ir ma sawa, ir ma fenda fitina. Borey wey i si hun kal de jiiri
hinza. Oho. Zama za gey ga i daŋ wo-din boŋ gey ni daŋ. Ne no ir m ir ga car
ga.
Having
said that, the dispute we had with them was over six plots. They [the commander
and others] gave me four plots. They said they would give them [the delegates]
two plots. They told me to give the four plots to my family. They took two, and
they told them to give the two plots to their family. All right? Mm. Thatfs
because the reason why we were fist fighting with each other, we were fighting
with each other is because they
[the delegates] were trying to give those six plots to their family. I
told my family to take them and work there. My family went and cultivated the
plots. They brought in cows and cultivated the plots. In those days, all of
these things led to disputes. Now, when they [the commander and ONAHAfs head
manager] came to judge us, they gave my family four plots, and they told me to
give their family two plots. They said, gMake peace now.h They told me to make
peace and forget the conflict. They were not going to leave [the position of
delegates] until after the three years is over. Hmm. Thatfs because if they
have been chosen to be there, they have been chosen to be there. Then we should
help each other.
Ć͢ŚAí˝ľ˝żĆŢç̢ÍƢ¤ĆA6ÂĚlČćđߎéŕĚžÁ˝BŢçki߯˝żlÍ4ÂĚlČćđí˝ľÉ^Ś˝BŢçÍlČć2ÂđŢçkă\˝żlÉ^ŚéĆžÁ˝BŢçÍí˝ľĚgŕÉťĚlČć4Âđ^ŚëĆžÁ˝BŢçÍ2ÂđĆčAťĚgŕÉ^ŚëĆžÁ˝B˘˘ËB¤ŢBƢ¤ĚŕAí˝ľ˝żŞŁč ˘Aí˝ľ˝żŞ˘ ÁĢ˝ĚÍAťĚlČć6ÂđŢ窝ĚgŕÉ^Ść¤ĆľÄ˘˝ŠçžBí˝ľŕgŕÉĆęƢ˘AťąĹŻĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľĚgŕÍťąÉsŤAťąđkNľ˝BŢçÍEVđüęÄAkNľ˝BAą¤ľ˝ąĆˇ×ÄđߎÁÄ˘Ş¨ŤÄ˘˝ĚžBłÄAŢçŞíęíęđٍɽƍAŢçÍťĚlČć̤żSÂđí˝ľĚgŕÉ^ŚA2ÂđŢçĚgŕÉ^ŚëĆžÁ˝BłÄAąęĹŕ¤ađľëĆžÁ˝BađľÄAŕßÍ٤ÁĨŻĆžÁ˝BAÍ3N˝ÂÜĹkă\ĚnĘđlŁęȢB¤ŢBƢ¤ĚŕAŢ窝ąÉuŠę˝ŠçÉÍAŢçÍťąÉuŠęĢéŠçžBťąĹí˝ľ˝żÍŻ ¤×ŤžB
To,
k i n ir ga car ga, Ni faham. Kaŋ ir ye ka ka. Ni faham. Hal bora sanno din no,
sohoŋ hal hal kuudeta wono, doŋ ba borey kaŋ go a bande din, doŋ i ga hima ka
kabu ay bande me. Amma ni di, kaŋ i ka waati din kaŋ wo-din te, ga ti kaŋ ey
borey wey ka, jamaa ka i waafak i di cere. Ni faham. Da * ka ti ..., e, ay
borey, i koy waafaku. In d'ey kul, ay wo bumbo ka fonda n cabe i se. Ay ne i se
: áWa di, borey han kaŋ naŋ na ir
zeeri, manti ba jiiri hinza n i ka naŋ ir zeeriâ. Ay ne i
se : áKal kaŋ ir wey ir koyra sinda
bonkoyniâ. Ni faham. áWo-din kan naŋ ir zeeri. Hal ir koyra naŋ
gonda bonkoyni, doŋ i s ir zeeriâ. Ni faham.
Oho. To, ay ne i se : áAmma ne-here no i gaabu da irâ. Gey wey koyra a gonda bonkoyno, han din
Sandi wo beero, Dulla. ga go bonkoynitara ra, Dulla. din no ga koy Tilabeeri, a
ma, a ma dalgey senno boŋ, ga no ma koy a m ey senno hasara, a ma ka. Ga no ma
koy a m ey senni hasara, a ma ka. To, ga ti kaŋ in na zeeri din. Ni faham. I
mongo ka hun. To, ni di. To, ga ti kaŋ ay mo ci borey se kaŋ : áHal ir mey naŋ gonda bonkoyni, a si hin ka ir
senni hasara. Amma miso kul kaŋ borey himanda, hal wan da bonkoyno kul na car
kubey dira do, bonkoyno din i ga hawgey da senni, ka bisa ni wone, ni kaŋ ti,
ni kaŋ manti bonkoyni noâ. To, waati
din ay senno waan ir borey lakkaley di, ga ti kaŋ ir koy di cele, i ne to, gey
mey daŋ bonkoyni. Ni faham. Amma borey din kaŋ..., kaŋ ga kabu Tilabeeri here,
ikkul i ne gey si. Maana i ne gey si gana. I ye Sandi din da here, i ye Dulla.
din dabari koyne. Oho.
Now,
we were told to help each other. You understand? Then we came back. You
understand? According to the person, about what he said about the coup, if he
was right, the people who had been backing him [the chief of Gaarokoyre] since
before the coup would have been backing me. But look, they came and did all
this, and my family came, and they all talked and reached an agreement. You
see? *[inaudible] Letfs see, my family, they reached an agreement. All of us
did. I, nobody else, showed them how it should be done. I said to them, gNow
you know. They defeated us. Even after the three years is over, we will still
be defeated.h I said, gThatfs because we, we donft have a chief in our
village.h You understand? gThatfs why we got defeated. If only wefd had a chief
in our village, we wouldnft have been defeated.h You understand? Mm. Right.
This is what I said, gThey are more powerful than us. Thatfs because they have
a chief in their village.h At that time, Sandifs elder brother Dulla was the
chief. Ifm sure Dulla went to Tilabeeri, and he, he told them about the
delegates, and he went, ruined my plan, and came back. He went and ruined my
plan. Now, thatfs how we got defeated. You understand? They [the delegates]
ended up not leaving. Now, all right? Right. So I said to people, gIf wefd had
a chief, he wouldnft have been able to ruin our plan. When you guys walk down
the street, you run into the chief. The chief pays close attention to all the
things people say and do, and then takes preemptive actions before you, who is
not the chief, can do anything about it.h You understand? Now, my words grabbed
peoplefs rational mind, and thatfs how we became convinced, and they also said
we should assign a chief. You understand? But the people who were registered as
residents in Tilabeeri c they all said they were not going to do it and went
back to their place. In other words, they said they were not going to follow
me. They went back to Sandifs side and started listening to Dullafs orders
again. Hmm.
łÄAí˝ľ˝żÍŻ ŚĆžíęÄAíŠéËAí˝ľ˝żÍßÁÄ˝BíŠéËBťĚlĚbÉćéĆAťĚN[f^[Ƣ¤bžŞËAŢĚž¤Ć¨čžĆˇéĆAťęČOŠçŢkK[RCńˇlĚăëɢélŃĆÍAČOŠçí˝ľĚăŌĢé͸žë¤BľŠľ˘˘Š˘AŢçŞâÁÄÄą¤˘¤Ó¤ÉľÄAťęŠçí˝ľĚgŕŞâÁÄÄAťĚęcŞAbľ ÁÄÓľ˝ĚžB˘˘ËB*kˇŤĆčsÂ\lŚŚĆAí˝ľĚgŕAŢçÍÓľ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÝČžBąĚí˝ľŞŢçÉǤˇę΢˘ŠčiđŠšÄâÁ˝Bí˝ľÍŢçÉžÁ˝Bu¨ÜŚ˝żíŠÁ˝žë¤AAÍí˝ľ˝żđ|ľ˝B3N˝Á˝ĆľÄŕAí˝ľ˝żÍ|łę˝ÜÜžvBí˝ľÍžÁ˝BuąĚí˝ľ˝żAí˝ľ˝żĚşÉÍńˇŞ˘Č˘ŠçžvBíŠéËBužŠçí˝ľ˝żÍ|łę˝Bŕľí˝ľ˝żĚşŞńˇđŕÁĢ˝çAí˝ľ˝żÍ|łęČŠÁ˝vBíŠéËB¤ŢBť¤Aí˝ľÍžÁ˝Bu żçĚ٤Şí˝ľ˝żćč˘ĚžBŢçĚşÉÍńˇŞ˘éŠçžvĆBTfBĚZAhDbŞńˇĘɢ˝BťĚhDbŞeBx[ÉsŤAŢŞAŢŞă\˝żĚąĆÉ¢ÄbľAŢŞsÁÄí˝ľĚbđóľÄAßÁĽ͸ČĚžBŢŞsÁÄí˝ľĚbđóľÄ˝BłÄAť¤ľÄí˝ľ˝żÍ|łę˝íŻžBíŠéËBŢçkă\˝żlÍAŁę¸ÉˇńžBłÄA˘˘ËBť¤AťęĹí˝ľŕlŃĆÉžÁ˝Buí˝ľ˝żŠgŞńˇđŕÁĢ˝çAŢÍí˝ľ˝żĚbđóšČŠÁ˝Í¸žB˝ĆŚÎ¨ÜŚ˝żŞŕ˘Ä˘ęÎńˇĆoď¤íŻžŞAťĚńˇÍlŃĆĚbÉAlŃĆŞČľ¤éąĆˇ×ÄÉÓđޯĢÄA¨ÜŚđAńˇĹÍȢ¨ÜŚđAćńčľÄľÜ¤ĚžvBíŠéËBłÄAí˝ľĚbÍlŃĆĚŤđĆçŚAť¤ľÄí˝ľ˝żÍ[žľ ˘AŢçŕńˇđuąĆÉľć¤ĆžÁ˝ĚžBíŠéËBľŠľeBx[¤ĹŚÄ˘élŃĆÍcAÝČť¤ľČ˘Ć˘ÁÄßÁĢÁ˝BÂÜč]íȢƞÁ˝ĚžBŢçÍTfB˝żĚ¤ÉßčAÓ˝˝ŃhDbĚw}ÖßÁ˝B¤ŢB
\\ Ay
faham.
íŠčÜľ˝B
I
see.
I) Oho.
I ye Dulla. bande. Oho.
Right.
They went back to backing Dulla. Hmm.
¤ŢBŢçÍhDbĚăÉßÁĢÁ˝B¤ŢB
\\ Waati
din, Sandi wo ke manti amiiru no.
Sandi
wasnft the chief at that time, was he?
ATfBÍńˇĹÍČŠÁ˝ńšËB
I) Oho.
Dal, dalgey de no. Dalgey de no manti amiiru no.
Mm.
He was a delegate. He was just a delegate and not the chief.
¤ŢBă\žÁ˝ĚžBă\ĹľŠČAńˇĹÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ Haan.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
I) Ni
faham.
You
got it?
íŠÁ˝ŠËB
\\ Ay
faham ka boori.
Yes,
very well.
ćíŠčÜľ˝B
I) Oho.
Dalgey de no manti amiiru no.
Right.
He was just a delegate. He was not the chief.
¤ŢBă\ĹľŠČŠÁ˝AńˇĹÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ya-din
ga patanti, patanti ra mo, e, amiiru bumbo no ka te taali, Dulla. kaŋ ti
amiiru.
So with regard to the sales tax incident, sales tax, letfs see,
Dulla, the chief himself, committed fraud.
ÂÜčpegApegĚČŠĹÍAŚŚĆńˇĹ éhDbŠgŞsłđľ˝B
I) Wo-din
se.
Thatfs
why.
ťĚ˝ßžB
\\ And
Sandi, one of the delegates, also committed fraud.
De
delgey kaŋ ti Sandi mo, a te taali.
ťľÄă\Ĺ éTfBŕsłđľ˝B
I) Maadulla.
Thatfs
right.
ťĚƨčžB
\\ Wo-din
se no war anniya haw.
Thatfs
why you guys made a decision.
žŠç Č˝Ş˝ÍÓľ˝B
I) Maadulla.
Thatfs
right.
ťĚƨčžB
\\ War
koyra singi.
You
guys established your own village.
Č˝Ş˝Ěşđnnľ˝B
I) Ni
di. To, taalo din, dalgey taalo din mo amiiru ye ka huro a ra koyne. A huro hal
jindo ga a faasa.
Now
you know. You see, the chief was also involved in the fraud, the fraud the
delegates committed. He meddled with it and defended it.
íŠÁ˝ËBť¤AťĚsłAă\ĚsłÉŕńˇÍ×Sľ˝Bűđ˛ńĹAŮěľ˝B
\\ A'a?
Sure.
ŚŚB
I) Oho
me.
Isnft
that right?
ť¤žë¤B
\\ Ayyo.
Is
it?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
I) Oho
me. Kaŋ keyna go dalgeytara ra din. To, wo, wo ka ye ka borey biney marey
koyne. Ni di. To, wo, wo laasab no bora te ni se din, amma wo kaŋ se ir wey si
ne wo-din no, hal wo-din no, doŋ ir borey kaŋ go kuudeta ra din, doŋ ir kul no
ga car gana ka kabu me. Amma ni di a go i..., kaŋ go ir here waato k i di cimo,
kul i ye ya-here. Oho. Kul i ye ya-hare, Adamu yoŋ windey no. Kul i ye ya-hare.
I hun ir bande. Ni diy'a.
It
is. His younger brother was in the position of delegate. Now, because of that,
people felt pain in their heart again. All right? Now, that person told you the
story with an emphasis on this point. But the reason why we didnft say so
earlier is because if it had been the case, all of my family who joined the
coup would have come together and backed me. But these people who were on our
side c they went back to the other side as soon as they found out the truth
(won the trial). Right. They went back immediately. People in Adamfs compound
are a good example. They went back immediately. They left us. You understand?
ť¤žĆŕBíŞă\ĚnĘɢ˝BłÄAťĚąĆĹlŃĆĚSÍÓ˝˝ŃÉńžB˘˘ËBłÄAąĚąĆđdľÄťĚlÍNÉbđľ˝íŻžŞAľŠľČşí˝ľ˝żŞťĚć¤ÉžíČŠÁ˝ŠĆ˘¤ĆAŕľť¤žÁ˝ČçAN[f^[ÉÁíÁ˝í˝ľ˝żĚgŕAťĚSőŞĆŕÉŚ˝Í¸ĹÍȢŠBľŠľí˝ľ˝żĚ¤É˘˝ŢçÍcAlŃĆŞ^ŔđŚ˝kٝɾ˝lĆ˝ńA żçÉßÁĢÁ˝B¤ŢBˇŽ żçÉßÁ˝BA_˝żĚŽ~Şť¤žBˇŽÉßÁ˝BŢçÍí˝ľ˝żĚăŠçÁ˝BíŠéËB
\\ Ayyo.
To, ya-din ga waato kaŋ wa te kuudeta, e, mey yoŋ no go ni bande?
Is
that so? Yeah. So when the coup occurred, letfs see, who was backing you?
ť¤ĹˇŠB¤ńAžŠçN[f^ĚĆŤAŚŚĆANŞ Č˝Ěăɢ˝ĚšŠB
I) A...
Uh
c.
cB
\\ Adamu
go ni bande, Suley mo go ni bande.
Adam
was backing you. Sourey was backing you, too.
A_Ş Č˝Ěăɢ˝BXCŕ Č˝Ěăɢ˝B
I) Oho.
K.S..
Hmm.
K.S.
¤ŢBK.S.B
\\ K.S.
.
K.S.
K.S.B
I) Oho,
a go ey bande. Suley go ey bande. Oho. Ayyo. Hey, i jama ga ba, T.F. yoŋ din
kul g ey bande. Oho.
Right.
He was backing me. H.D. was also backing me. Mm. Right. Hey, that group is too
big. T.F. and his people were all backing me as well. Mm.
¤ŢBí˝ľĚăëɢ˝BH.D.[62]ŕí˝ľĚăëɢ˝B¤ŢBť¤žB¨¨˘AťĚęcͨ¨ˇŹéBT.F.˝żŕÝČí˝ľĚăɢ˝B¤ŢB
\\ Uudu
yoŋ mo ni bande.
U.M.
and his people were also backing you.
U.M.˝żŕ Č˝Ěăɢ˝B
I) Oho.
Ayyo. Ikkul go ay bande. Ni di? Borey din waato kaŋ wo-din te, kul i ye
ya-hare. Oho. I man kabu ay bande koyne. Ya-din ka te.
Mm.
Thatfs right. They were all backing me. All right? After that incident
happened, they went back to the other side. Mm. They didnft back me anymore.
Thatfs what happened.
¤ŢBť¤žĆŕBÝČí˝ľĚăëɢ˝B˘˘ËBŢçÍťęŞ Á˝ăA żçÉßÁĢÁ˝B¤ŢBŕ¤í˝ľĚăëĹŚČŠÁ˝Bť¤žÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ya-din
ka te.
Thatfs
what happened.
ť¤žÁ˝ĚšŠB
kăŞl[Later part omitted]
kOŞlkEarlier part omittedl
\\ To,
wo kaŋ ay ga ba ay ma bey, ga ti mate kaŋ cine no ni du pala kaŋ ni no Ali se.
Now,
what I would like to know is how you originally got the plots you gave Ali.
łÄAí˝ľŞm轢ąĆĆÍA Č˝ŞA[63]É^Ś˝lČćđ Č˝ŞÇ¤âÁÄŚ˝ŠĆ˘¤ąĆšB
S[64] Mate kaŋ ay te
ka du pala. Kaŋ ay no Ali se.
How
I originally got the plots. [How I got the plots] I gave Ali.
ÇĚ椾ÄÉí˝ľŞlČć𦽩BAÉ^Ś˝klČć𦽩lB
\\ Un.
Yes.
ŚŚB
S) Pala
din, dalgey, gey no ka no Al haji se. Al haji kaŋ go Looga, ni ga alhaji bey?
Ga
se i na no. Dalgey din, i na paley fersi. Ir mo wey, ir man yedda nda wo-din.
Delugey, i si ma te goy henno. I goyo se, i ga boori. In ne in naŋ gey ka.
Waato kaŋ in ne ir gey ka, in d'ey, ir yenge. B.H. yoŋ n in ne kal ir m i ka i
ma hun, delgeytara, i ne ngey si hun. in ne kal i ma hun, i ne gey si hun. To,
waat in, paley k i n i nooyandi, delgey ni nooyandi, ir mo ne ir taayey. In ne Ali
a ma sambu. Ali din, a hambur waati din. Ba kaŋ ir no, a hambur.
The
delegates had given the plots to E.M. E.M. from Looga. You know him, donft you?
They had given the plots to him. Thatfs how the delegates redistributed the
plots. We didnft condone it. The delegates were not doing their job like they
were supposed to. They were using their job to their advantage. We said we
would remove them. When we said we would remove them, we got into a conflict
with them. We told B.H. and his people that we would remove them, and that they
should leave the position of delegates, and they said they would not leave. We
said they should leave, and they said they would not leave. Now, so we said we
would also take the plots they had redistributed, the ones the delegates had
redistributed among themselves. We said to Ali, gTake it.h As for Ali, he was
afraid at that time. When we gave him the plot, he was still afraid.
ťĚlČćÍAă\˝żŞE.M.É^Ś˝B[KĚE.M[65].AmÁĢéËBŢÉ^Ś˝Bă\˝żÍAlČć𪯽Bí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAťęđͳȊÁ˝Bă\ÍAǢdđľÄ˘ČŠÁ˝BŢçÉsŞÇ˘ć¤ÉdđľÄ˘˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍŢçđĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żŞŢçđĆžÁ˝ĆŤAŢçĆí˝ľ˝żÍ˘ÉČÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍB.H.[66]˝żÉŢçđAă\ĚnĘđŁęëĆž˘AŢçÍŁęȢƞÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍŁęëĆž˘AŢçÍŁęȢƞÁ˝BłÄAťąĹAŢçŞ^Ś˝lČćAă\Ş^Ś˝ŕĚAí˝ľ˝żŕAťęçđóŻĆéĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍAÉuĆęvĆžÁ˝BAÍƢ¤ĆA°ęĢ˝Bí˝ľ˝żŞ^Ś˝ĆŤŕA°ęĢ˝B
\\ A
hambur fo?
What
was he afraid of?
˝đ°ę˝B
S) A
hambur taayoŋo. Ni faham. In ne ba wo a hambur, in no ga yeng nda dalgey. Ni
faham. Manti a senni no. Waat in delgey, in d'ey ir ka ka yenge, hal ir koy
komandaŋ kwaara. Ir koy, o, kopperatiifu, Tilabeeri. k ir koy Tilabeeri din e,
Tilabeeri wone komandaŋo, e'e, Wanaha wone direkuteero, a ne ir ma koy
komandaŋo do. Komandaŋo mo ne, ir ma koy, ga ga ka. Hal in d'ey yenge, kul ga
ga ka, k ir gar, wo da. In d'a ir koy, faro ra, i ne alfaro kul ma marga,
no-din direkutaaro do, in ne kal i ma hun, i ne gey si hun. in d'ey yenge. Waat
in ir car sambu, bor kul ye hu. To, waati din no i na han fo daŋ, kaŋ komandaŋo
ne nga ka.
He
was afraid of the plot being taken away. You understand? We said, even if he
was afraid of it, it was us who was fighting with the delegates. You know? It
had nothing to do with him. At that time, we were having a dispute with the
delegates. And finally, we went to the commander. We went, letfs see, to the
co-op in Tilabeeri. When we got to Tilabeeri, the commander of Tilabeeri and
ONAHAfs head manager told us to go see the commander. The commander of
Tilabeeri said, gI would be there too, so go ahead.h He said if we started fighting,
he would come right away and meet us there. We and he [the commander?] went to a
field, and they [the commander and ONAHAfs head manager?] told all the co-op
members to gather at the head managerfs office. We told them [the delegates] to
leave, and they said they would not leave. We and they fought. We made an
arrangement, and everyone went home. Now, then we decided on the day for the
commander to come.
óŻĆčđ°ęĢ˝BíŠéËBí˝ľ˝żÍŢŞťęđŢŞ°ęéĆľÄŕAă\˝żĆÁĢéĚÍí˝ľ˝żžĆžÁ˝BíŠéËBŢĚbĹÍȢBťĚĆŤAă\Ćí˝ľ˝żÍ˘đľÄ˘ÄAĆ¤Ć¤í˝ľ˝żÍi߯ĚĆąëÉžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍsÁ˝AŚŚĆAŚŻgžAeBx[ĚBí˝ľ˝żŞeBx[ÉsĆAeBx[Ěi߯AONAHAĚǡŞAí˝ľ˝żÉi߯ĚĆąëÉsŻĆžÁ˝Bi߯ÍAŠŞŕsŠçAćÉsÁĢëĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĆŢçŞÁ˝çAˇŽÉÄAí˝ľ˝żĆťąĹď¤ĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĆŢÍA¨ÉsŤAŢçÍǡĚĆąëÉSgőŞWÜéć¤ÉžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍŢçÉŁęëĆž˘AŢçÍŁęȢƞÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żĆŢçÍÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍćčŤßđľASőĆÉAÁ˝BłÄAťąĹi߯Şéúđß˝B
Komandaŋo
ka, i ne to mate,taali fo da taali fo no i te, kaŋ se ir ga i hin ka.
Anndamiizo hal a te taali, ga no ni ga ka. Amma ir ka ne ir ga baar'ey, jiiri
hinza boŋ, in n i daŋ, hal taali fo no i te ir se kaŋ ga ne g ir m i ka.
The
commander came. He said, gNow, what kind of fraud did they commit that made you
want to remove them?h He said, gPeople commit fraud, so they get removed. But
you wanted them and thus decided to put them in the delegatesf position for
three years. So what kind of fraud did they commit that made you want to
removed them?h
ißŻŞ˝AłÄAÇĚć¤ČsłŞ ÁÄAí˝ľ˝żÍŢçđą¤ĆľÄ˘é̞ƞÁ˝BlÔÍsłđˇéAäŚÉŠęéBľŠľAí˝ľ˝żŞŢçđ]ńĹ3NÔuąĆÉľ˝Ć˘¤ĚÉA˘Á˝˘ÇĚć¤Čsłđľ˝˝ßÉAą¤ĆľÄ˘é̞ƞÁ˝B
We
said to him, gThey are committing many kinds of fraud. They consume all our
money, and they donft take their job seriously. Thatfs why we donft want them.
We are determined to remove them.h The commander made and agreement with them
and said to us, gAbsolutely, when the term ends, when the three years has passed,
then you can remove them. But now, leave it alone.h Then referring to what we
did, AHAfs director c.
In
ne i se, taaley, i ga ba, i go ir noorey ŋa, i go ga te goy yaamo. Wo-din se ir
si baar'ey, ir m i ka. Komandaŋo din mo gan d'ey waafaku, i ne ir se wallaahi,
kal de di daato to, jiiri hinza hal a to, waat in kul gey ga i, i barmey, amma
sohoŋ, ir ma fend'ey. Ga ti wrugga wono presidaŋo, to, sohoŋ wo kaŋ gey ga
te...
í˝ľ˝żÍžÁ˝BsłÍ˝łń éAí˝ľ˝żĚ¨ŕđH׾ܤľAÓ´Ż˝dđˇéBžŠçí˝ľ˝żÍŢçđ]ÜȢ̞AŢçđĚžBi߯ÍŢçĆÓľÄAí˝ľ˝żÉžÁ˝BâÎÉAŕľúúŞ˝çA3NŞ˝Á˝çAťĚĆŤŻÎć˘AľŠľĄÍ٤ÁĨŻBˇéĆAHA̡ŞAí˝ľ˝żĚľ˝ąĆÉcB
\\ Presidaŋ
ga ti B.M.?
By
gdirector,h do you mean B.M.?
ˇĆÍAB.M.[67]šŠB
S) Ha'a,
manti B.M. no. H.S. no i ga ne a se. Waat in, presidaŋo, a ne ir se sohoŋ,
paley din kaŋ ir taay'ey, i ma fende i se. Amma ir ma koy goro, hal waato kaŋ
se, i barma to, to, kul gey ga i barmey. Ir ma koy a ga cindi, ha, a ga cindi
kayna i se. Hal jiiro to, kul gey ga te ir se tira, a ma ka kaŋ ir ga i barmey.
Ga ti ir senno baŋyoŋo, ir koy goro, ga ti i na tira te ir se,ka ka, han din no
ir ni barmey. Kaŋ B.M. wo huro. Ir na boro jiney din ka, han din no B.M. no
huro. Boro jiney din manti B.M. no. Da J.S.. J.S. no ti torezooriya. Ali no ti
presidaŋo ce jina. Ya-din no i te ce jina. To, yenga wo no Ali du pala din. ni
faham. A baŋyoŋo ne.
Itfs
not B.M. His name is H.S. At that time, the director told them to forget about
the plots we took. But [he also said] to us, gWait until the time comes to
replace the delegates. When the times comes, we will immediately replace them.
There is a little time left until then. There is a little time left, so leave
it alone. When that year comes, we will give you paper to replace them.h That
was it. We decided to wait. Then they gave us paper, and we replaced them on
that day. Thatfs when B.M. joined the delegates. On the day we removed the
headmen, B.M. became one. Until then, B.M. wasnft a headman. And J.S. J.S.
became in charge of accounting. H.S. became the director. These are the former
delegates. Anyway, Ali got a plot as a result of this dispute. You got it?
Thatfs the end.
B.M.śáȢBH.S[68]Ćž¤BťĚĆŤˇÍAí˝ľ˝żŞóŻĆÁ˝lČćÉ¢ÄÍA٤ÁĨć¤ÉĆŢçÉžÁ˝BľŠľí˝ľ˝żÉŕAđÖĚúŞéÜĹŇÁĢëAťĚŞ˝çˇŽÉÖŚéAťęÜšąľÔŞĚąÁĢéAľĚąÁĢéĚžŠçA٤ÁĨŻBŕľťĚNŞ˝çAŢçŞí˝ľ˝żÉŢçđÖŚé˝ßĚđ^ŚékĆžÁ˝lBťęŞbĚIíčžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍŇÂąĆÉľ˝BťęŠçŢçÍí˝ľ˝żÉđ^ŚAťĚúí˝ľ˝żÍŢçđÖŚ˝BB.M.ŞüÁ˝žBí˝ľ˝żŞOĚl𢽝ĚúAB.M.ŞüÁ˝BťęÜĹB.M.ÍOĚlĹÍČŠÁ˝BťęĆJ.S.BJ.S.ŞďvWBH.S.Íćă̡BćăÍť¤žÁ˝BĆÜ AąĚ˘đ¤śÄAAÍlČćđŚ˝BíŠéËBąęĹIíčžB
kăŞl[Later part omitted]
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
S)[69] Danga sohoŋ, hal bon
na taali te uruggaa ra, alfari se, wal dalge se, hal wan da alfari ka yenge,
kul a ga koy har dalgey se dalgey ma ka. Hal i ka, ni ne-ya, bora kaŋ wan d'a
yenge ne, i ma war kul hã, boro kul ma deede ha kaŋ na war yengandi. I ga war
kul hã ha kaŋ na war yengandi. I ma guna bora kaŋ gonda cimi, da bora kaŋ sinda
cimi.
So
for example, if someone commits fraud against a co-op member or a delegate in
the AHA, and if you fight with a co-op member, he immediately goes to the
delegates and tells them to come over. When they come, you are here and whoever
you are fighting with is over there, and both of you guys need to answer
questions. Both of you tell him why you are fighting. Both of you guys need to
answer why you are fighting. They decide who is right and who is wrong.
žŠç˝ĆŚÎAŕľNŠŞAHAĹgőČčă\ČčÉsłđÍ˝ç˘ÄA¨ÜŚĆgőŞÁ˝çAˇŽŢÍă\˝żÉAă\Şé椞˘ÉsBŢçŞéĆA¨ÜŚŞążçɢÄA¨ÜŚĆÁĢéŇŞ żçɢÄAoűŞâíęéAoűŞČşÁĢéŠđbˇB¨ÜŚ˝żoűŞČşÁĢéŠđâíęéBŢçÍǿ窳ľAǿ窳ľČ˘ŠđŠčßéB
To,
bora kaŋ sinda cimi din, i ga a yaamar, a ma si wo dumo te koyne. Hal a yedda,
i ga fenda senno. Amma hal a man yedda, kul i ga ye ka fenda senno kal de da a
ye ka te taali boro fo se koyne, wal a na taali te dalge se, kul dalga, a ga
har celey se. Hal a har celey se din, dalgey hinne i ga senno guna gey boŋ se,
i ma koy wo kaŋ boŋ yenge din guna Da dalga kaŋ sinda cimi, dalgey hondi i si a
taalandi. Amma da bora sinda cimi, ga mo i ga ye ka jukke koyne.
Now,
they give the one that is wrong a warning not to repeat it in the future. If he
agrees, thatfs the end of the story. But if he doesnft agree, they will leave
it alone until he commits another fraud against somebody else. Or until he
commits fraud against one of the delegates. If he does, the delegate tells his
colleagues about it. Once his colleagues hear about the fraud, they examine it
among themselves and go investigate it to find out what they are fighting
about. If the delegate is wrong, the other delegates rectify his mistake. But
if that person is wrong, they impose a fine on him.
łÄAłľČ˘űĚlÔÉAŢçÍह¤˘¤ąĆđľÄÍČçȢơéBŕľŢŞłřˇęÎAbđ٤ÁĨBŻÇAłřľČŻęÎAŢŞŕ¤ęxNŠÉsłđÍ˝çÜĹ٤ÁĨB é˘ÍŢŞă\ÉsłđÍ˝çÜĹBˇéơŽÉAă\ÍÔÉbˇBÔɝ̹ƪbłęéĆAă\˝żÍŢ瞯Ĺbđ˘ľÄA˝É¢ÄÁĢéŠđŠčßÉsBŕľă\ŞłľČŻęÎAŮŠĚă\˝żŞťĚßżđłˇBľŠľAťĚlÔŞłľČŻęÎAŢÉÍąŕŞČłęéB
Amma
da de i bey dalga ka sinda cimi, i si ne a ga taali, bora din kaŋ gan da go
yenge jine. Amma i ga koy kambu ga ka salaŋ a se, i ma ne sohoŋ i ma fenda
senno, i ma fenda senno. Amma hal a k i ka fari koyo, palaa koyo, ga ka sinda
cimi, hal i koy Jomona, ga no ikkul ga waafaku senni folloŋ boŋ, i ma hantum ga
wono angure taayoŋo tiraa ga, i ma a no D.A. se kaŋ ga angure no borey se.
But
even if the delegate is wrong, they never say he is wrong in front of the
person he is fighting with. They take his hand, take him somewhere, and tell
him to forget about it, forget about it. But if the plot owner is wrong, they
go to Jomona, make an arrangement, write down his name on the paper used for
fertilizer distribution and give it to D.A., who distributes fertilizer to
people.
žŞAťĚă\ŞłľČÄŕAŢĆÁĢélÔĚOĹÔáÁĢéĆÍžíȢBŢĚčđĆčAAęĢŤAŕ¤bÍ٤ÁĨŻAbÍ٤ÁĨŻĆž¤BžŞAŕľlČć̿媳ľČ˘ĆAŢçÍWiÉsÁÄAťąĹbđĐĆÂÉÜĆßAěżĚóŻĆčÉŠńˇéÉŢĚźOđŤAlŃĆÉěżđnˇD.A.[70]ÉnˇB
To,
wo-din boro kul si a ci ni se dalgey ra. Dalgey din mey, i si a boro fo boŋ se,
mosoko bora ga koyde ni nongu fo ka har ni se. Ikkul ga goro de ya-din, kal de
han kaŋ i ne i go angure no ma ka ka koy i ga ci i ga borey no angure kal de i
ma to ni do. Waat in i ma ci ni se, D.A. ga ci ni se kaŋ han filaana hane ni na
taali filaana te, i naŋ jukke ya-cine. Ma bana. Da ni ne wal han fo hane, D.A.
ga ci ni se han kaŋ, wan d'a wo..., wal han filaana hane wan da boro kul man te
ya-cine wal man te ya.
Now,
none of the delegates lets you know about this. Delegates donft exist for one
person. Let alone no one [other than a delegate] would take you somewhere and
let you know about it. Everyone simply waits until you are told to come because
they have fertilizer for you, and until the very day your turn to get your
fertilizer finally comes. And thatfs when they tell you. D.A. tells you that
you caused this problem on this day, and that a fine has been imposed on you.
You ask him when it happened, and then D.A. tells you you and somebody did this
kind of wrongdoing on this day.
łÄAă\ĚȊɹ̹Ćđ¨ÜŚÉbˇŇ͢ȢBă\˝żÍƢ¤ĆANŠęlĚ˝ßɢéĚĹÍȢ̞ŠçAÜľÄâkă\ČOĚllÔŞÇąŠÉ¨ÜŚđAęĢÁÄAbľÄęéąĆČÇȢBÝČŞ˝žą¤ľÄŇÂAěżđ^ŚéĚŢƞíęAěżđ^ŚéÔŞ¨ÜŚÉÜíÁÄéťĚúÜĹBÜ˝AťĚĆŤ¨ÜŚÉ°çęéAD.A.Ş¨ÜŚÉ°éA˝úɨ܌͹ęąęĚâč𨹾˝Aą¤˘¤ąŕŞČłęĢéB¨ÜŚŞťę͢Â̹ƞƞ¤ĆAD.A.ͨ܌ÉA˝úɨ܌ĆNŠŞąĚć¤ÉćȢąĆđľ˝Ćž¤B
To,
waati din no ni ga faham ka boori kaŋ war bey ka yenge. Amma ni wo mo miile wal
a to ya-cine ni bino ra ga laasabu ya-din. D.A. wo mo a si salaŋ ni se koyne a
ga dangey yaamo ya-din a si ye ka ni fahamandi koyne. Waati din ma sobey ka ceeci
da ni ga du nooru garaw boro fo do, ni ma koy ceeci ma ka ka bana D.A. se. D.A.
ma ta nooru ka no dalgey se, wo-din dalgey wone. Da ni mongo ka du garaw, kul
angurey kaŋ ni koy ta, ni ga ci D.A. se a m i no ni se, hal ni ga ceeci boro
kaŋ ga dey angurey ne da Jomoona, ma ka angure din ra ka neere ha kaŋ ga to
marja kaŋ i naŋ jukkey din, ma bana D.A. se. D.A. ma no dalgey se. Wo kaŋ
cindi, ma sambu ka koyd'a ni palaa ni mo. Amma hal ni man te ya-din, ni hutu ka
dira ni koy hebo ra, wan nongu fo ka koy angure dey, i ga naŋ kal de ma koy a
sey ni palaa ra, d i man ne gey ga ta ni..., d i man ne gey..., ga ta ni palaa,
kul i ga jindo kire, kaŋ ni si du hari kaŋ ga haŋandi kal de ni ma ma hasara.
Now, this is when you realize clearly that you had a fight. You
might have suspected something like that might happen. As for D.A., he doesnft
give you any more details. He keeps his mouth shut and never gives you a chance
to understand what happened. Now you have to look for someone who will lend you
money. You have to find someone and come back to pay D.A. Once D.A. receives
the money, he gives it to the delegates. It will be the delegatesf money. If
you canft borrow money, you first get fertilizer from D.A., find someone in
Jomona who wants to buy fertilizer, and sell some of the fertilizer so you have
enough money to pay D.A for the fine. D.A. then gives it to the delegates. You
bring the rest [of the fertilizer] to your own plot. But if you donft, letfs
say, if you get angry, go to the market, and buy fertilizer somewhere there,
they will turn a blind eye until you use it in your plot. They donft tell you
they will take away your . . . your plot and just close the floodgates. You
canft get enough water to irrigate your plot, so your rice will die.
łÄA¨ÜŚ˝żŞ˘đoąľÄ˘˝ąĆđA¨ÜŚŞćđˇéąĆÉČéĚÍAąĚĆŤžB¨ÜŚŕAť¤˘¤ąĆÉČéŠŕľęȢĆSĚČŠĹlŚÄ͢éžë¤ŞBD.A.ÍƢ¤ĆA¨ÜŚÉŕ¤bľÄęȢAťĚąĆÉ¢ÄÍŮÁÄľÜÁÄAńxĆđłšÄęȢB˘Üâ¨ÜŚÍAŕđÝľÄęélÔ𳪾ɢŠČŻęÎČç¸AłŞľÄAD.A.ÉĽ˘ÉČŻęÎČçȢBD.A.ÍAťĚŕđóŻĆéĆă\ÉnˇBąęÍă\˝żĚŕĚÉČéB¨ÜŚŞŘŕđŚçęȢĆAD.A.ĚĆąëÉěżđóŻĆčɢÁÄŠçA¨ÜŚÍťĚěżđÁÄęélđWiĹTľAąŕđD.A.ÉĽŚéÔńžŻAěżĚęđçČŻęÎČçȢBD.A.Íťęđă\ÉnˇBĚąčĚkěżÍlA¨ÜŚŞ¨ÜŚĚlČćÉŕÁÄsBŻÇŕľť¤ľČŻęÎA˝ĆŚÎ¨ÜŚŞ{ÁÄsęÉsŤA é˘ÍÇąŠĹěżđwüľ˝ĆľÄŕA¨ÜŚŞťęđlČćÉUzˇéÜĹ٤ÁĨBŢçͨ܌ĚcA¨ÜŚĚlČćđóŻĆéĆÍží¸A
ĺđÂßéB¨ÜŚÍóňÉKvČ
ŞŚçę¸A¨ÜŚĚClÍĘÚÉČÁľܤB
Ya-din
cine n i ga te. Ba bon na taali te, i si naŋ boro ma bey, kal de han din hane,
ga n i ga ci boro se.
This
is what they do. Even if someone caused a problem, they donft let him know
about the penalty until that day. They tell him about it that day.
ąĚć¤ÉŢç͡éBNŠŞâč𨹾ÄŕAťĚúÜĹŢçÍlÉmçšČ˘AťĚúAŢçÍťĚlÔɰéB
\\ Waati
kaŋ i ga jukke, mate kul kaŋ no..., delgey, delgey mey i ma, waato kaŋ i m i
marga, i ga marga, de i ga waafaku folloŋ de i ga jukke de no. Delgey folloŋ
hinne, a si hin ka te jukke?
When
they impose a fine on someone, the delegates, the delegates themselves . . .
they get together and agree on it. Then they impose a fine. Canft one delegate
impose a fine on someone?
ąŕđȡƍAă\ÍAă\˝żŠgÍcAŢçŞWÜÁÄAÓˇéBťęĹąŕđȡBă\ĐĆ螯ĹÍąŕđȚȢĚB
S) A
si.
ōȢB
They
canft.
\\ A
si.
ōȢB
They
canft.
S) Oho.
Hal de manti yenga a naŋ beeri gumo kaŋ bora na taali te dalga se, kal de bino
tun-key gumo. Ga hinne marje kul kaŋ a ne, i ma bora jukke. Celey kul si kakaw.
Ikkul ga ne ya-din no, ya-din no. A ga hin ka te mo dalgey ra heri ga ne : áHe! A ga bisa ba
ya-din, a hima a ma bisa ya-dinâ. I ma ye ka laasaabu ka tonton koyne bora se.
Right.
But if fraud was committed against a delegate, if it is a large dispute, and if
it made him extremely angry, then thatfs another story. He will say he will
impose as hefty a fine as he wants. His colleagues wonft argue. They will all
say, gDo it. Do it.h Thatfs possible. Some of the delegates might even say,
gHey, make him pay more. Make him pay more,h and impose an even higher fine on
that person.
B˝žľsłŞă\ÉÎľÄČłęA˘ŞĺŤAŢđ{łš˝Î ˘ÍĘžBŢ͢çĹŕąŕđČľÄâë¤Ćž¤BÔ˝żÍű_ľČ˘BÝČŞAť¤žAť¤žĆž¤BťęÍ č¤éBă\˝żĚČŠÉÍAu¨¨˘BŕÁĆžAŕÁĆžvĆžÁÄAťĚlÉłçÉ˝zĚąŕđȡŇŕ˘éB
Gey
hinne da cala. Amma da boro fo go i ra, kul i si wey din dumey te. Kal de
dalage koono hinne. Dalgey din ra mo, boro kul si ta ka koy a har boro fo se,
gey ma maar'a, i ga dalga din mo di ikkul naŋ ga dangey hinne, gey waafaku kaŋ
gey te din bo. Ba bora gonda ga cele fo, a si ta ka har a se. Zama da a na har
a se, a ga hin ka te bora din mo gonda cele fo, ga mo ga har. Ya-din a ga so
bey ka te ya-din kal de ikkul ma maar'a. Ya-din ga i koy a di, boro kul ga
sobey ka ci mate kaŋ ti kaŋ naŋ gey te ka bey.
Only
them and their colleagues. But if there is even one person [who is not a
delegate], this kind of thing doesnft happen. It happens only when there are
delegates themselves and nobody else. None of the delegates would tell it to
somebody else because it will then be revealed. Then that delegate will be
caught. All of them keep their mouths shut as to what they have agreed on. Even
[the delegatesf] friends wonft know about it. Thatfs because if they tell a
friend about it, that person might tell his friend. Then eventually, everyone
will know about it. [Then the delegates] will ask each one of them how he found
out until they catch him.
ŢçĆÔžŻBŻÇNŠĐĆčĹŕkă\ČOĚllÔŞ˘˝çAąĚŢĚąĆÍČłęȢBă\žŻŞ˘éÎ ˘ĚÝBă\ĚČŠÉNŠÉbÉsŇ͢ȢACĂŠęľܤŠçAť¤ˇéĆťĚă\ŕßÜéŠçBŢçÍSőAŠŞ˝żŞÇ¤ˇéąĆĹÓľ˝ŠÉ¢ÄA˝žŮÁĢéB˝ĆŚkă\ĚlÔžÁ˝ĆľÄŕAbłęȢBƢ¤ĚŕÔÉbľÄľÜ¤ĆAťĚlÉŕÔŞ˘ÄAŢÉbłęéÂ\ŤŞ éBť¤ľÂïĢ餿ÉASőŞmÁľܤBkť¤ČÁ˝çă\ÍlǤâÁÄľÁ˝Šđ⢽žľÂĂŻAŢđßÜŚéB
\\ Ay
faham ka boori.
I
see.
ćíŠÁ˝B
S) Un.
Amma da angure ta yoŋo to, borey koy angure ta, D.A. ban ka ci bora se, bora
bana, waati din i ba si da senno. Ga se wo, palaa ke kuul si yedda dalge ma ka
ka gar, gey go ga dalgey ciiney. I si yedda. Ba i go dalgey
senni te, d i di dalgey fo go ka, ba huwey do no, i ga dangey, i ga senno
barmey, i si naŋ a ma ma. Zama da a ma kul a ga miile i naŋ go sobey ka d ir ka
dalgey wow, wal a ga har caley se filaana ka sobey ka dira k ir wow, i ga bora
jukke, kal de han kaŋ bora koy angure ta, a ma ka ka gar i na ga jukke. A si
bey ha kaŋ se i na ga jukke. I si a fahamandi, kal de a ma bana. Da a man bana
mo, i ga ta a pala. To wo-din se no borey ga hambur dalgey. Oho.
Yeah.
But when itfs time to get fertilizer and people go to get fertilizer, and when
D.A. tells them about it, and when people pay the fine, they [the delegates] have nothing to do
with the whole thing. Thatfs why all plot owners donft want the delegates to be
there when they are talking about the delegates behind their back. Of course,
they donft like it. They are talking about the delegates, and if they see a
delegate coming their way, they will shut up or change the subject even if they
are in their house so he wonft hear them. If he hears them, he will think they
are insulting the delegates, tell his colleagues that so-and-so is going
around, making fun of them, and impose a fine on him. He will notice he has
been fined on the day he gets fertilizer. He has no idea why he has been fined.
They never give you a chance to understand. They just make you pay. If you
donft pay, your plot will be taken away. Thatfs right. Thatfs why everyone is
afraid of the delegates. Alas.
¤ńBžŞěżĚóŻĆčŞÄAlŃĆŞěżđóŻĆčÉsŤAD.A.ްÄAlŞĽ¤iÉČéĆAŢçÍbĆłÖWžBžŠçąťAlČćĚżĺÍÝČAă\É¢ÄŕbđľÄ˘éĆąëÉă\Ş˘ íšéąĆđ˘âŞéB˘âŞéłBă\ĚbđľÄ˘ÄA éă\ŞéĚ𩽾ŻĹŕAĆĚȊɢ˝ĆľÄŕAŮéŠbčđŠŚéBŤŠęȢć¤ÉBŤŠę˝çAŢÍă\˝żđlÁĢéĆlŚAťĚÔÉNNŞnÉľÄÜíÁĢéźĆž˘AąŕđȡŠçžBěżĚóŻĆčĚúÉAąŕđČłęĢ˝ąĆÉŤĂBČşąŕŞČłę˝ŠÍíŠçȢBŢçÍíŠçšéąĆČA˝žĽíšéBĽíȢΠ˘AlČćÍóŻĆçęéBť¤AžŠçÝČă\đ|ŞéńžB B
\\ Ay
faham ka boori. War bumbey wo ke war bana?
I
see. Did you guys pay?
ćíŠÁ˝B¨ÜŚ˝żÍĽÁ˝Š˘B
S) Oho.
Ay wo ke ga miile garaw kul se ir gar.
Yeah.
I think we paid every time we got an advance.
B¨ęިŕ¤ÉAOŘĚ˝ŃÉĽÁ˝B
\\ Wa
du jukke?
Were
you guys fined?
¨ÜŚ˝żÍąŕđČłę˝ĚŠ˘B
S) Ir?
Iboobo.
We.
A lot.
¨ę˝żB˝łńžB
\\ A
lot. Do you know why?
Iboobo?
War man du ha kaŋ se no?
˝łńBČşŠíŠéB
S) Jerey
ke. Ikkul D.L., a ga har ey se. D ey koy ta angure, de i na hã wo kaŋ se no i
ne ir di no. Diire go no, jukke go no. Amma jukke wo ke, i man bey k ir jukke.
Amma i g i doona k ir di. Goyyoŋ ka go no kaŋ borey ga koy te teyzey paley do.
To, wey din hal boro goro man koy kul zangu hinka nga bana wal zangu gu. wey
din dumey ke ce bo bo ir ga bana. Kaŋ ir si koy hense dogo do.
Partially.
D.L. told me all about it. Besides, when I went to get fertilizer, they
explained why I would get caught. There is a fault, and there is a fine. As for
a fine, we usually donft know why we have been fined. But we get fined a lot.
Part of our job is to go to nurseries. If we donft go, we get fined 1,000 to
2,500 CFA franc. Wefve paid lots of these types of fines. Because we didnft go.
ęÍËBSD.L.[71]ŞbľÄę˝BťęÉA´ŞěżđóŻĆčÉsĆAŢçÍČşßÜŚçęéŠŕžľ˝Bß¸Ş čAąŕŞ éBąŕÍƢ¤ĆAČş´˝żÉąŕŞČłę˝ĚŠÍíŠçȢBŻÇAćĆçęéBc°ÉsdŞ éB˘ŠČ˘Ć1,000CFAtŠç2,500CFAtĚąŕBąĚŢÍ˝łńĽÁ˝B¨ę˝żsŠČŠÁ˝ŠçB
\\ Ha.
Amma ay man faham. diiyoŋ ga waani jukkeyyoŋ ga waani? Mate no i ga waani?
Huh.
But are a fault and a fine different? How are they different?
Í BŻÇ߸ƹŕÍżŞ¤ĚŠ˘BǤá¤ĚB
S) Diire
wo, da ni ceeci zebuyoŋ, hal ni gonda sorho dalgey fo do, ni ga koy a do ka
ceeci a ga wan d'a hinne game. A ma ga celey suurandi i ma te ni se ya-cine kul
a ga hin ka te, da n te saaye, a ga koy har caley se wal bumbo ma bana ni se.
Ni wo si ba bey. To, jukke wo mo taali wone no. Da wan da boro ye..., ga ma car
dori waati kul paley boŋ. Wo-din ti jukkey ga wo marje kaŋ i baŋ ka ne de no. Ni
faham. Mate kaŋ ay wo ga miile ga ti feeyanka no-ya. Yenge diire da diire, goyyoŋ
diire wo, i ga waani.
With
a fault, you could find a way to have the amount you have to pay decreased. If
you have someone close among the delegates, you go to him and you guys find a
way. He will persuade his colleagues to help you. If you are lucky, he might
even tell his colleagues that he will pay on behalf of you. And you? You donft
even notice. Now, a fine is what you have to pay if you commit fraud. If you
and someone else . . . hurt each other over plots all the time. This is a fine,
and you are simply told how much to pay. Do you understand? Thatfs how I think
they are different. A more serious misconduct like causing a dispute and a less
serious fault like missing work. They are different.
߸ÍA¸zˇéűrđłŽéąĆŕĹŤéA¨ÜŚÉeľ˘ă\ŞĐĆ袽çAŢĚĆąëÉsÁÄAŢĆ¨ÜŚĚ ˘žĹłŽéB¨ÜŚĚ˝ßÉą¤ľÄâë¤ĆAŢÍÔđäłšÄęéžë¤B^ŞćŻęÎAŢÍÔÉŢŠgŞĽÁÄâéĆbÉsŠŕľęȢB¨ÜŚÍƢ¤ĆACÊȢBłÄąŕÍƢ¤ĆAsłđͽ碽Π˘ĚŕĚB¨ÜŚĆ élŞcA˘ÂŕlČćĚąĆĹÂŻ ÁĢéÎ ˘BąĚÎ ˘ŞąŕĹA˘çĽŚĆžíę鞯žBíŠéŠB¨ęÍť¤˘¤Ó¤Éá¤ńžĆ¨ŕ¤B˘Ě߸ĆdĚ߸AąęçÍżŞ¤B
k^šfl[Recording discontinued]
k^šJnlkRecording beginsl
\\ K.L.
sorofo senno, fo se borey ga baar'a. Wo senno kaŋ ni ka harey se sohoŋ da, wo
no ni ma ay fahamandi.
Why
is K.L. so popular? Why does everyone like him? Can you explain what youfve
just told me?
K.L.ĚźşĚbAČşÝČŢŞDŤČĚŠB¨ÜŚŞĄbľÄ꽹ĆAťęđíŠçšÄęćB
S) Oho.
To, wo kaŋ se borey ga baar'a. A naŋ go ga kookar i te borey se gumo-gumo
no-din. Zama hal i na boro di, kaŋ a laasabu ga boro ti ni, kul a ga hin ka
bana ni se. A si naŋ boro kul ma bey, mosoko i ga miila K.L. ka go bana ni se
yoŋo se no waati kul ni go te taali. A naŋ ga tugo ka ci ni se wal a ma nooru
no ni se, ni ma bana.
Sure.
Now, why does everyone like him? Thatfs because he is committed to helping
everyone. I mean, he will pay the fine on behalf of people he considers his
family. So for example, if you get caught, he will pay for you. He doesnft let
people know about it. Or nobody thinks you are always causing problems because
K.L. is there to pay for you. He secretly gives you money and tells you to pay
the fine with his money.
BłÄAČşÝČŞŢđDŤŠĆ˘¤ĆAŢÍÝČĚ˝ßÉs;ĢéŠçžBƢ¤ĚŕŢÍAŠŞĚgŕžĆlŚÄ˘élÔA˝ĆŚÎ¨ÜŚđĆ猽Π˘A¨ÜŚĚ˝ßÉĽÁÄęéŠçžBŢÍťęđlÉłŚČ˘ľAÜľÄâK.L.ŞĽÁÄęéŠç¨ÜŚÍâčđ˘ÂਹˇńžĆlŚçęéąĆÍȢBŢÍBęÄŕđnľAĽŚĆž¤B
Oho.
Wal da borey koy Jomona goy do ra, i ga hin ka te i ga hooy no-din, kadde
aluura guuru taaci wal alaasar. To wo-din da n..., a di kaŋ ga boro ti ni wal
ni co..., koy ca se ka ne wallahi ni wo naŋ ga herey, a gaŋ no nooru ka ne ma
koy ŋa. Wo kaŋ se borey ga baar'a gumo no-ya.
Yeah.
Or when people go to work in Jomona, they spend the day there and sometimes end
up staying there until four in the evening or sunset. Now, if he considers you
his family, he will call you in, saying that you must
be hungry, give you money, and tell you to go eat.
Thatfs why everyone likes him so much.
B é˘ÍlŃĆŞWiÉdľÉ˘ĆAťąĹúđ߲ľA[ű4 é˘ÍúéęÜĹ߲ˇÍßÉČéąĆŞ éBłÄAŕľŢŞ¨ÜŚÍgŕžAĆlŚÄ˘éČçA¨ÜŚđÄŃžľAŤÁĆ¨ÜŚÍ đóŠšÄ˘éžë¤ĆžÁÄA¨ÜŚÉŕđ^ŚAH×ÉsŻĆž¤BžŠçÝČ ęŮÇŢ̹ƪDŤČńžB
A
naŋ go te borey se, a go borey ma kaanandi, ga se ba i ne gey ma dalgey ka d i
koy vot, boro boobo ga gana a here, i si ba a ma fun, zama i ga bey da a go no
din, gey si taabi gumo.
He
does these things for people. He makes people happy. So when someone says,
gLetfs go vote to remove the delegates,h most people support him. They donft
want him to leave. Thatfs because as long as he is there, their lives wonft be
too difficult.
ŢÍť¤âÁÄlĚ˝ßÉľÄęéAŢÍl𫳹éAžŠç˝ĆŚă\đ˝ßÉ[ľÉ˘ą¤ĆžíęÄŕAĺźĚlÍŢđxˇéAŢÉŁęÄپȢAƢ¤ĚŕŢŞťąÉ˘éČçAťęŮÇęJľČġފçžB
\\ Ay
faham ka boori.
I
see.
ćíŠÁ˝B
S) Oho.
A goyda kookari no-din here.
Yeah.
He is trying hard over there.
BŢÍ żçĹw;ĢéńžB
\\ Hun.
Huun. Amma bora din hinne no? Sanga de B.A. ka ti, Fuliyande delge, a si te
ya-wo-cine?
Uh-hm.
But is it only him? For example, B.A. is a delegate from Fuliyande, isnft he?
Doesnft he do these kinds of things for you guys?
ÓńÓńBŻÇŢžŻŠB˝ĆŚÎB.A[72]ÍtAfĚă\žËAŢÍť¤˘¤Ó¤ÉľÄęȢ̊B
D) Heey,
B.A. sinda K.L. bino cine, a sinda K.L. bino cine, a ga sandi, ba a ga te da
manti boro kul boro kul se. To, K.L. mo borey kaŋ a ga te i ga ba gumo ka bisa
borey, dalgey hondi. Dalgey kul gonda ga bora kaŋ se a ga wey din dumey te.
Amma K.L. ga bisa ikkul boro. A ga te gumo ka bisa ikkul.
Nah.
B.A. wouldnft do what K.L. does for us. He doesnft have the heart like K.L.fs.
That would be difficult. Even if he did, he wouldnft do it for everyone. Now,
K.L. is more popular than the rest of the people, the rest of any other
delegates. Every delegate has family members he would do that kind of thing,
but K.L. does it better than anyone else. He does it more than anyone else.
˘â AB.A.ÍK.L.Ý˝˘ČąĆđľÄęȢłAŢÍK.L.Ěć¤ČSđŕÁĢȢBᄁA˝ĆŚľÄę˝ĆľÄŕÝČÉÎľÄĹÍȢBłÄAK.L.ÍƢ¤ĆAĚąčĚlŃĆAĚąčĚÇĚă\ćčDŠęĢéBă\ÍÝČ ˘¤ŢĚąĆđľÄ °égŕđŕÁĢéBŻÇK.L.ÍÇĚlđŕăÜíÁĢéBNćčŕâÁÄęéB
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
S) Oho
Yeah.
B
\\ B.A.
wo ke a si te hay kul ne da fuliyande borey se?
Doesnft
B.A. do anything for the people of Fuliyande?
B.A.ÍtAfĚlÔÉ˝ŠŕľÄęȢ̊B
S) Ba
a go te, i si naŋ boro ma bey, i naŋ ga tugu ka te. Da dalga voote kaŋ borey
kul go bey dalgey filaana ga no go te borey se ya-cine, kul i ga laasaabu,
sohoŋ dalga din, ga se kaŋ a go gomuni te borey se, ga se no borey kul go ba
si, i ga sobey, i ga waati kul taali te. Bora ga tugu ka te.
Even
if he does, he does it secretively so people wonft know. At the time of an
election, if everyone knows this delegate is doing this favor for his family,
then people will think they continue to commit fraud because that delegate is
helping them, and then their popularity will wane. People do these things
secretively.
âÁÄęéĆľÄŕAlÉmçęéć¤ÉÍš¸ABęġéB[ĚĆŤŕAŕľNNƢ¤ă\ŞgŕÉą¤ľÄ˘éźĆÝČŞmÁĢ˝çAťĚă\ŞľÄ˘éŠçA˘ÂŕŢçÍsłđľÂïĢéĚžĆlŚçęéć¤ÉČčAlCŞČČéBlÍBęġéB
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
S) Bora
naŋ ga tugu ka te. A si naŋ ga caley ma bey.
People
do things secretively. They donft do things in a way their colleagues will find
out.
lÍBęġéBÔŞméć¤É;ȢB
\\ Huun.
Ni wo ke ni si a bey.
Huh.
Do you know?
Ó¤ńB¨ÜŚÍmçȢŠB
S) Nn?
Hmm.
ńB
\\ B.A.
no ka kookari te boro fo se.
Do
you know if B.A. is trying hard to help someone?
B.A.ŞNŠĚ˝ßÉwÍľÄéÁÄB
S) Ay
si a wone kul bey ay wo.
I
have no idea. I donft.
´ÍÜÁ˝mçȢA´ÍËB
\\ Huun.
Hu, hun.
Huh.
Hmm.
Ó¤ńBÓńAÓńB
S) Ay
si a bey. * Zamma ir bumbey wo ay wono key go deede nise wo, ay man bey ka har
boro kul se.
I
donft. *[silent for three seconds] I mean, we ourselves, Ifve never told what
Ifve just told you to anybody else.
mçȢćB*k3bžŮlƢ¤Ěŕ´˝żŠgA´ŞĄ¨ÜŚÉbľÄâÁ˝ąĆŠĚA´ÍNÉŕbľ˝ąĆŞČ˘ńžźB
\\ Huun.
Ay faham.
Huh.
All right.
Ó¤ńBíŠÁ˝B
S) Amma
ya-din d ir go waati kul.
But
thatfs how they always are.
ŻÇA˘Â໤˘¤Ó¤ÉľÄ˘éńžB
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
S) *
Hal manti a naŋ go te ay se,ni mo boro fo go te ni se, in da ni, ir ga naaney
care, ir hinne ir go deede yaacine wo, ir ma deede car se ga hinne no ga naŋ
boro ma bey, amma ya-cine boro si te deede-deede yaamo.
*[silent
for three seconds] Letfs say he is not doing any favor for me, or if you have
someone who is doing a favor for you (like K.L.). If you and I trust each
other, and we are just here by ourselves, we might share that with each other.
But I wouldnft just tell my secrets to anyone like this.
*k3bĚžŮlŕľŢŞ´ÉľÄęĢČÄA é˘Í¨ÜŚÉŕNŠŞkK.L.Ěć¤ÉlľÄęĢÄA´Ć¨ÜŚŞMľ ÁĢÄA´˝żžŻŞą¤˘¤Ó¤ÉľÄ˘˝çA¨˝Ş˘Ébľ ¤ąĆŽç˘ÍĹŤéBŻÇą¤˘¤Ó¤É˝žbˇąĆČńÄȢB
I
wouldnft agree to. The delegate himself would stop doing what he is doing if
people keep telling other people about it and the words get around. As you keep
talking about it, his colleagues will hear about it and think you want to
impose a fine on him.
I
si yedda. Dalga bumbo hal a ma kan boro go sobey ka deede borey se a ga hun, a
si ye ka te boro se. A ga miile sohoŋ boro naŋ ga ba ni ma sobey ka ci hal ga
caley ma ma hal i ga ga jukke.
łřľČ˘łBă\ŠgAlŞlŃĆÉbľÂĂŻÄťęŞLÜÁ˝çAाÄęȢB¨ÜŚÍbľÂĂŻÄŢĚÔŞŤ˘ÄAŢÉąŕđČľ˝˘ńžë¤ÁÄlŚéB
\\ Huun.
N? Amma. Ifo se i ga tugu?
Huh.
Hmm. But why do they keep it a secret?
Ó¤ńBńBĹŕČşBˇĚB
S) Aa?
Huh.
Í B
\\ Ifo
se i ga, i si ba i ma har borey se? Zama sorho de no me.
Why
do they, do they not want to talk about it? I mean, itfs a good thing.
ČşŢçÍAŢçÍbˇĚđŞéĚBžÁÄźşśáȢŠB
S) Ga
da ne ay go ci ni se. Ay ne hal, danga ir, ni bey K.L. go te ir se gomuni
boobo, to d ey sobey ka ci borey se, borey go sobey senno har han fo a ga hinka
te dalgey fo ga ma. Ni faham.
I
just told you. Listen. K.L. is helping us in many ways. If I keep telling
people about it, the people will keep talking about it too, and one day at
last, delegates will hear about it. Do you understand?
žŠçĄbľÄâÁ˝žë¤A ĚČAžŠçK.L.Í´˝żÉ˝łńľÄęĢéAťęĹ´ŞlÉbľÂĂŻ˝çAlŃĆŕbľÂĂŻÄA éúƤƤă\˝żŞťęđˇžë¤BíŠéŠB
\\ Huuhun.
Uh-huh.
ÓńÓńB
S) Ya-din
ga hal dalgey din ga ma, a ga ci ga celey se, ga cele dalgey se, kaŋ wo kaŋ se
ce boobo yoŋ ir si ga ka goyey do din, K.L. do, ir go du sarhaa din. Ni faham.?
So
if a delegate hears about it, he will tell his colleagues about it, his
delegate colleagues. He will tell them why we missed many days of work. Then
they will say, gItfs because of him.h
žŠçŕľă\ŞŤ˘˝çAŢÍÔÉbˇAă\ÔÉžAČş´˝żŞ˝xŕdÉČŠÁ˝ŠđbˇAťęÍK.L.Ě¨Š°žÁ˝ńžČĆB
\\ Huuhun.
Uh-huh.
ÓńÓńB
S) Ya-din
ga hiino, dalgey i ga marga ka K.L. din jukke. I ga ne ga se no, ga no go te ir
se gomuni yoŋo se no waati kul da goy go te, ir si ka
Then
after that, when delegates get together, they impose a fine on K.L. They tell
him we donft show up at work because he is helping us.
ťęĹťĚăAă\˝żŞWÜÁ˝ĆŤK.L.ÉąŕđȡBŢŞ´˝żÉđľÄ˘éŠçAdŞ ÁÄŕ´˝żŞČ˘ĚžĆžíęéB
\\ Ya-din
ga ne da no sanno kaŋ ga san, e, nafa go no. Ya-dinga delgey bumbey mo i ga car
jukke no.
So
right there, letfs see, there is something important there. So do delegates
impose a fine on each other?
žŠçťąÉAŚŚĆAdvČbŞ éBžŠçă\˝żŠgŕ¨˝Ş˘ąŕđȡĚB
S) I
ga car jukkey me.
They
impose a fine on each other.
˝Ş˘ÉąŕđȡłB
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
S) Ga
se boro kul danga te hay fo kaŋ ni ga bey hal a koy jine a ga te taali, kul naŋ
ga tugu ka te. Da i ga bey kaŋ ni wo ni ga sobey ka dira ka deeda borey se, i
si te ni se. Ba ifo.
So
everyone keeps it a secret even if, for example, you are causing problems
because you know he is a headman. If he finds out you are telling everyone
about it, he wonft do favors for you. He wonft do any favors for you.
žŠçANŕŞA˝ĆŚÎ¨ÜŚŞAŢŞOɢÄęéĆmÁĢéŠç¨ÜŚŞâč𨹾ĢéĆľÄŕAťęđBˇńžBྨ܌ŞÝČÉbľÜíÁĢéĚđmÁ˝çAľÄęȢBČńÉŕľÄęȢB
\\ Huhuun.
Ni wo ke ni ga bey dalgey car jukkeyoŋo
I
see. You know delegates have imposed a fine on each other.
ÓńÓńB¨ÜŚÍă\Ş˝Ş˘ÉąŕđČľ Á˝ąĆđmÁÄéB
S) Dalgey?
Delegates.
ă\˝żB
\\ Nn..
Yeah.
¤ńB
S) Wallaahi
ba ifo si ay lakkalo ra sohoŋ da wo ke. Amma ay ga miile ke delgey i ga car
jukke. Ifo kul kaŋ na taali te, kul i ga jukke wal i ma ne gey ma a ka.
Wallahi,
I donft remember any incidents. But I think delegates impose a fine on each
other. If someone causes a problem, they impose a fine on that person right
away or call him in.
b[qA˝žĚĐĆÂŕ´ÍLŻľÄȢćBŻÇă\˝żÍ˝Ş˘ÉąŕđČľ ÁĢéĆv¤ćB1lŞâč𨹾˝çAˇŽąŕđȡŠAŢđÄŃžˇćB
\\ Huun.
Ay faham.
Huh.
Okay.
Ó¤ńBíŠÁ˝B
@Shoŋ waato din, kaŋ borey, dottiijey deede ir se, waato kaŋ annasaarey ka, k i ga ba ngey ma koytara te, ga no i na borey kul sambu ka koy daŋ Gaarokoyre. Waat in borey ga hambur Surgey. Ni go ga faham?
About that, people, the elders told us that when whites came, they
wanted to create a position of chief. So they captured all people and went to
Gaarokoyre to assign one. People were afraid of the Tuareg at that time. You
know that, donft you?
@ťĚąĆÉ¢ÄÍƢ¤ĆAlŃĆŞANˇŇ˝żŞAí˝ľ˝żÉęÁ˝ĆąëÉćęÎAlŞ˝ĆŤAŢçÍńˇĘđÂéąĆđ]ńŢ˝Aťęš×ÄĚlŃĆđĆçŚÄAK[RCÉuŤÉ˘Á˝BlŃĆÍAgDAOđ°ęĢ˝BíŠÁĢéËB
@I na borey sambu i koy daŋ Gaarokoyre. Annasaara fo yoŋ ka, kaŋ yoŋ i naŋ gey ka bor te. Sohoŋ i ka i ne, Gaarokoyre Wogey ga ba, gey ma daŋ a se bonkoyni. Amma gey ga koy ka ye ka ka. Hal gey ka ka, boro dumma kaŋ gey ga ba, hal a man to, to, kul koyra dottiija, gey ga wi. Ga ti sohoŋ borey mey kaŋ i ka, boro yoŋ wey-cine i sinda wande. I koy naŋ gey kabu huwey te. Sohoŋ hal annasaara ka ka gar koyra, to, mate kaŋ i ga ba, sohoŋ i ne wal manti, mey ti i bonkoyno, i ne Beegun.
@They captured people and went to
Gaarokoyre to assign one. A group of whites came and tried to get people on
their side. Now, when they came, they said, gThere are too many Wogos in
Gaarokoyre, so letfs put a chief there.h But they left once and then came back.
They were going to kill the elders in the village unless enough number of
people decided to agree with the whites by the time they came back. When they
came, people were young and without wives. They went to build an administration
office. Now, whites came, looked around the village, and what did they want
now? They c they asked who the chief was. They [the people] said it was [Isa]
Beegun.
@lŃĆđĆçŚÄÍAK[RCÉuŤÉ˘Á˝B élĚęcŞâÁÄÄAŠŞ˝żĚgŕđÂë¤Ćľ˝BłÄAâÁÄ˝ŢçÍAK[RCÉÍEHSި¨ˇŹéAťąÉńˇđuąĆÉľć¤ĆžÁ˝B˝žľŢçÍA˘Á˝ńoĢÁÄAßÁÄéBßÁÄéÜĹÉAŠŞ˝żĚ]ŢlÉBľÄ˘ČŻęÎAşĚNˇŇđEˇBlŃĆÍƢ¤ĆAŢ窽ƍAÜžcAČđÁĢȊÁ˝BŢçÍAŚé˝ßĚĆŽđÂčɢÁ˝BłÄAâÁÄ˝lÍşđŠÄAłÄAĄxÍ˝đ]ńžŠĆ˘¤ĆAŢçÍcANŞńˇžĆžÁ˝BŢçklŃĆlÍAkCTElx[OĆžÁ˝B
@Sohoŋ waato kaŋ aŋasaarey ka, ga no i ne gey ga daŋ bonkoynitarey, a ne ga si ba. Sohoŋ sooja fo, kaŋ, fo no, sooja fo kaŋ si i ga ne Looji. Nhun. Sooja ti i coro. Sooja no ka har a se, a ne a se, i ga ka ka daŋ bonkoynitarey. A ne nga si ba. A ne a se, i ka, i si boro kul daŋ kal ga. To, ga ti nga mo a ne nga bonkoynitara din se, a di ka goro kal hano kaŋ i ka, i na daŋ bonkoynitarey. A naŋ ga tiraa sambu, a na no beero se, ga wo dira ka ka ne. Ga, ga ka kat'a ne. A ne ga si ba bonkynitarey.
Now, when whites came, I mean, when whites said they would create a
position of chief, he said he didnft want it. Now, a soldier, a soldier named
Roji. Mm. A soldier who was a friend of theirs. This soldier came and talked to
him [Surgo]. He told him there was going to be a position of chief. He [Surgo]
said he didnft want it. He [Roji] said they were not going to appoint anybody
other than him [Surgo] as the chief. Then he told him to wait until the day the
position of chief would be created to [assign him] the position. He [Surgo] got
a piece of paper, but he gave it to his brother and fled here. Thatfs how he
came here. He said he didnft want to become the chief.
@łÄAlŞ˝ĆŤAlÍńˇĘđuĆžÁ˝ĆŤĚąĆžŞAŢ[73]Í]ÜȢƞÁ˝ĚžBłÄA éRlA[WƢ¤RlžB¤ŢBŢçĚFlĚRlžBąĚRlŞâÁÄÄŢÉbľ˝AńˇĘŞuŠęéĆbľ˝BŢkXSlÍ]ÜȢžÁ˝BŢk[WlÍAŢkXSlČONŕńˇÉľČ˘žë¤ĆžÁ˝BťľÄAŢŞąĚńˇĘkÉAl˝ßAńˇĘŞuŠęéúÜĹAŇÁĢéć¤ÉĆžÁ˝BŢkXSlÍđüčľ˝ŞAťęđZÉ^ŚAąąÉŚ°Ä˝Bť¤˘¤íŻĹąąÉ˝ĚžBŢÍńˇĘđ]ÜȢƞÁ˝B
\\ Ni ma yaamar a se.
Do
you want to give him some advice?
žľÄžł˘B
B)[74] Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
Fl1 Yaamar kaŋ ni ga to a to.
Friend 1 Are you going to give him the advice you should give
yourself?
¨ÜŚÉˇ×Ťžđ ˘ÂɡéĚŠB
Fl2 Yaamaro kaŋ ni ga taaro.
Friend 2 Thatfs some advice you canft give.
¨ÜŚŞĹŤČ˘žžB
B) Yaamar ay ga taaro de, a ma hin suuri.
B) Itfs
some advice I canft give. Be patient.
´ÉÍōȢžžAEĎČł˘B
Fl1 Ya-din no.
Friend 1 Thatfs right.
ťĚƨčžB
B) Zama hal borey te windi jiney hoŋo, a te windi jine ga boŋ se.
ČşČçŕľlŞĆˇÉČÁ˝ČçA˘ÜâŢŞŠŞŠgĚơžŠçžB
B) Thatfs
because if a person becomes the head of a household, he is the head of his own
household now.
Fl2 A te baaba.
Friend 2 He became the father.
˘ÂÍÉČÁ˝B
B) A te ga boŋ baaba. To, a kul kaŋ boro albeero si, a cindi, ni go no, ni ti ni boŋ baaba. Ya-din ga a ga hima nda gan da beero kaŋ cindi, i ma car lakkal.
He
himself became the father. Right. If there are no elders, the one who is left,
the one who is alive, meaning you, are the father of yourself. So he and his
older brother, who are left, should take care of each other.
ŠŞŠgŞÉČÁ˝Bť¤ANˇŇŞ˘Č˘Î ˘AĚąłę˝ŇAśŤÄ˘é¨ÜŚŞA¨ÜŚŠgĚžBžŠçAĚąłę˝ŢĆťĚZŞ˝Ş˘ÉCzčČł˘B
Fl2 Da keyno.
Friend 2 And his younger brother.
ťęĆíB
B) Oho. A ma hawgey da gey ɲa, a ma hawgey da i won albeerey kaŋ cindi. To, manti bora kaŋ na bor, boro, boro hay hinne ga ti baaba.
Right.
Take good care of your mother. Take good care of the elders who are still
alive. Right. Your father is not just the person, person, person who sired you.
¤ŢBęđĺÉČł˘AÜžśŤÄ˘éNˇŇ˝żđĺÉČł˘Bť¤AŠŞđYńĹę˝lAlAlžŻŞeĹÍȢńžB
Fl2 Ga ti ir baaba.
Friend 2 Thatfs our father.
ťęŞ´˝żĚB
B) Oho. Da baabey buuno kaŋ cindi. Ya-din ga ma hense ka wey-din lakkal, da gey ɲa, da ga keyney da hasey. Oho, ni faham wala? Wo-din no i go ga ne.
Right.
And be nice to other small fathers, I mean them, their mother, their younger
brothers, and their uncles. Mm. You got that? Thatfs how it is.
¤ŢBťęĆŮŠĚŹłČ˝żBžŠçŢçĆAťĚ¨ęłńĆAí˝żĆAIWłń˝żÉćCzčČł˘B¤ŢBíŠÁ˝ŠČBť¤˘¤ŕĚČńžB
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
\\ To,
de I.D..
Now,
and I.D.
łÄA ĆI.D.
M)[75] Hun.
Hmm.
ÓńB
\\ I.D.
wo ke, ay mo ga bey ka boori.
I
know I.D. well, too.
I.D.[76]É¢ÄÍAí˝ľŕćmÁÄܡB
M) Manti
ni ga a bey.
You
do, donft you?
mÁÄéžë¤B
\\ Nn.
Yes.
ŚŚB
M) To,
madulla.
Mm.
Good.
¤ŢA\B
\\ S.L.
yoŋ kura izey de no. Ay kura izey de no.
He
is in S.L.fs age group. He is in my age group.
S.L.˝żĚNîgĚęőšBí˝ľĚNîgĚęőšB
M) Ayyo.
Thatfs
right.
ť¤žB
\\ De
wande ga ti J.S.. Wal? Ni ga a bey?
Was
his wife J.S.? Do you know her?
ťĚČŞJ.S.Ĺľ˝ÁŻBmÁÄܡŠB
M) Ay
ga a bey ka boori.
I
know her well.
ćmÁÄéB
\\ A
sinda maadake?
Does
she have a nickname?
žźÍȢšŠB
M) Jeli
de no ay no ka bey.
I
only know the name Jeri.
WFƢ¤źžŻmÁĢéB
\\ Jeli
Jeri.
WFB
M) Oho.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ To,
ni ga a bey man boro no?
Now,
do you know where she is from?
łÄAŢŞÇąĚlŠmÁÄܡŠB
M) Ne
da Looga boro no. Mehena. Jeli wo ke Mehena boro no.
She
is from Looga right there. Mehenna. Jeri is from Mehenna.
ťą[KĚlÔžB[wiAWFÍ[wiĚlÔžB
\\ Mehena.
Mehenna.
[wiB
M) Ay
ne S.M. wo ke Meehenna, zama koyra wo da a goro, in d'ey kul windi folloŋ waat
in.
You
know, S.M. [Jerifs father] is from Mehenna. Because he used to live in this
settlement. We used to share a compound.
ĚËAS.M.kWFĚlÍ[wiĚlÔžBƢ¤ĚŕAąĚWÉZńŢ˝ŠçËAŠÂÄí˝ľ˝żÍAŽ~ĐĆžÁ˝B
\\ A?
Sorry?
ŚB
M) Ir
kul windi folloŋ.
We
shared a compound.
í˝ľ˝żÍŽ~ĐĆÂB
\\ Ayyo.
Is
that so?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
M) Parti
wo de ka ka k i ka no-din ka ye Mehena din.
The
political party came, so he went back to Mehenna.
}ŞÄA[wiÉßÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
M) Un.
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ S.M..
S.M.
S.M.B
M) Un.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ A
goro ne da Fuliyande.
He
was here in Fuliyande.
ŢÍąątAfɢ˝B
M) Ne
da i goro. Kaagey kul ne no in d'ey, in d'ey windo kul windi folloŋ.
He
lived here. All his ancestors were here. We and they lived in the same
compound.
ąąÉZńŢ˝BťĚcćˇ×ÄŞąąžÁ˝Aí˝ľ˝żĆŢçÍŽ~ĐĆžÁ˝B
\\ Huun.
Parti no ka gaarey?
Huh.
Did the political party kick them out?
ÖŚB}ŞÇoľ˝ĚšŠB
M) Oho.
Partiyey no ka ne boro kaŋ go gungo ra kul..., da a man kabu, da a go gungo ra,
da a man kabu gungo ra kul, da a go G, Gurma, da a man kabu Gurma kul a ma
fatta ka ye Gurma. To, ga ka ti gey mey kabu yaamo no-here.
Right.
The political party said, gThose who are on the island c those who are on the
island but are not registered as residents on the island, not registered as
residents on the island, those who are on the we-, the west bank and are not
registered as residents on the west back, they must leave and go back to the
west bank.h Because of that, they ended up registering their residence over
there.
¤ŢB}ŞžÁ˝ĚžBɢélÔÍcAɢéĚɌĢȢAŌĢȢŕĚAšAźÝɢÄAźÝŌĢȢŕĚÍAoÄźÝÉßęĆžÁ˝Bť¤˘¤ąĆŞ ÁÄAŢçÍ˝ž żçĹŚéć¤ÉČÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
M) Oho.
Mm.
¤ŢB
\\ Hal
ay ga hantum yawo-cine, ay man taali. S.M. kaagey, a goro Fuliyande. Parti no
ka ne da a go gungo ra, amma a kabu Gurma ra, a ye Gurma ra.
Let
me write it down so I wonft make mistakes. S.M.fs ancestors lived in the
Fuliyande settlement. Parties said those who were on the island but were
registered as residents on the west back must go back to the west bank.
ą¤ÉŻÎAÔáŚÜšńBS.M.ĚcćÍtAfWÉZńŢ˝B}ŞAɢȪçźÝŌĢéŇÍAźÝÉßęĆžÁ˝B
M) Wo
ti cimi.
Thatfs
exactly right.
ÜÁ˝ťĚƨčžB
\\ Wo
se no i gana. A te?
Thatfs
why they moved. Is that right?
ťęĹÚZľ˝B˘˘ĹˇŠB
M) Wo
ti cimi. Ma si, ma si dere. Zama kaayo, kaayo kaŋ na hay, gen d'ey kaayi woyo,
ikkul ɲa fo, baaba fo. Guna si ne kala áfilaanaâ*. Ni go ga ma. áFilaanaâ** Coyey.
Coyey wo, ga ka ti S.M. baaba ma, kaŋ na Jeli hay. Coyey Ɲamarkandey. Ni go ga ma. Ɲamarkandey ga ka Coyey hay. Ni go
ga ma? To, Ɲamarkandey mo, boro kaŋ na hay i si ne a se kal de Fofogaakoy. Ga ka Ɲamarkandey hay. Ay mo kaayi. I si
ne a se kal Farmo, Farmo Ikina. Ikina din, ga ka ti Fofogaakoy ize no nga mo.
Thatfs
exactly right. Donft make mis-, mistakes. Because his ancestors, the ancestors
who gave birth to him, they and my maternal ancestors shared the same mother
and the same father. Look. So-and-so* [calling S.M.fs father a different name].
Are you listening? So-and-so** [calling S.M.fs father gChoiyeih]. Choiyei is
the name of the father of S.M., who sired Jeri. Choiyei Nyamarkandi. You
understand? Nyamarkandi sired Choiyei. Now, as for Nyamarkandi, it was
Fofogaakoy who gave birth to him. She gave birth to Nyamarkandi. My ancestorfs
name was Farmo. Farmo Ikina. Ikina was also Fofogaakoyfs child.
ÜÁ˝ťĚƨčžBÜżAÜżŞíȢć¤ÉBƢ¤ĚŕťĚcćAŢđYńžcćAŢçĆí˝ľĚęűĚcćÍAęĐĆÂĐĆžŠçžB˛çńAu^v*kS.M.Ě̟𞢊ŚélBŤ˘Ä銢Bu^v**kS.M.ĚĚźđu`CGCvĆž˘ŠŚélBąĚ`CGCŞAWFđYńžS.M.ĚĚźžB`CGCEj}JfCBíŠéËBj}JfCŞ`CGCđYńžBłÄAj}JfCÍƢ¤ĆAąĚlđYńžĚÍtHtHK[RCžBŢŞj}JfCđśńžBí˝ľĚcćÍAt@Ƣ¤Bt@ECLiBąĚCLiŕAtHtHK[RCĚqžB
Oho.
Ikul kaayi fo, ikkul windi folloŋ i go te kala i ka ka ka gana waat in
gana-gana, i ga gana ka koy zumb de i keydiya ka far. I ma ye ka ka. Sohoŋ kal
i goro yaamo Gurma.
Mm.
We shared an ancestor. We also shared a compound. At that time, they moved back
and forth. They cultivated land [on the west bank] during the rainy season and
came back [to Fuliyande]. Now they just live on the west bank.
¤ŢBcćŞĐĆÂAŽ~ŕĐĆÂBÍÚZđ芌ľÄ˘˝AJúÉkźÝlĹkěľAktAfÉlßÁÄ˝B˘ÜÍ˝žźÝÉZŢB
To,
k i goro Gurma din, partiyey ka, i ne sohoŋ boro kul kaŋ naŋ go Gurma, kul kaŋ
man kabu Gurma, kaŋ man kabu Gurma ra kul ga fatta ka ye gungo ra. Boro kaŋ go
ga gungo ra, kaŋ go ga kabu Gurma kul ga fatta, gungo ra ka ye Gurma. Da ni
goydo gungo ra, ni sinda, da boro ma gonda goydo, Gurma ni sinda. To, ga ti gey
wey goro yaamo no-din.Manti ni faham. Ga ti i goro yaamo no-din. I kabu yaamo
no-din, i goro no-din. Oho. Ga ti i no-din no, ir kul kaayi folloŋ.
The
reason why they settled on the west bank is because parties came and said,
gThose who are on the west bank but are not registered as residents on the west
bank, those who are not registered as residents on the west bank, must
immediately leave there and go back to the island. Those who are on the island
but are not registered as residents on the west bank must leave the island and
go back to the west bank.h There is nowhere on the island where you can work.
Even if you want a place where you can work on the west bank, there isnft any.
Now, because of this, they just started living over there. You understand?
Thatfs why they just started living over there. They registered their residence
over there, and they live over there. Mm. Thatfs why they started living over
there, but we still share the common ancestor.
ČşźÝÉčZľ˝ŠĆ˘¤ĆA}˝żŞÄAźÝɢğÝŌĢȢŇAźÝŌĢȢŇÍA˝žżÉťąđoÄÉßęAɢéĚÉźÝŌĢȢŇÍAđoÄźÝÉßęĆžÁ˝ŠçžBĚĆąëͨ܌ÉȢAźÝĚęđ]ŢĚČçA¨ÜŚÉȢBłÄAą¤˘¤ąĆŞ ÁÄAŢçÍ˝ž żçÉZŢć¤ÉČÁ˝ĚžBíŠéŠËBťęĹ˝ž żçÉZŢć¤ÉČÁ˝ĚžB żçĹŚA żçÉZŢB¤ŢBťęĹ żçɢéć¤ÉČÁ˝ŞAí˝ľ˝żÍcćĐĆžB
\\ Ayyo.
I
see.
ť¤ĹˇŠB
M) Hun.
Right.
ÓŢB
\\ Wo-wo
ke, may yoŋ waate no i na te? Ni si a jiiro bey?
During
whose reign did this happen? Do you know the year?
ťęÍANĚăÉ Á˝ąĆšŠB Č˝ÍNŞíŠčܡŠB
M) Joori.
It
was Diori.
W[žB
\\ Joori.
Was
it Diori?
W[šŠB
M) Joori
hano kaŋ Joori huro, gan da Zibbo Bakari, i na car di presidentara ga. Ni go ga
ma? To, k i na car di presidentara ga, Zibbo Bakari a du presidentara. A te
handu iddu. I ka ka konkonsa kar, ka ka ka ne, ka koy hawandi nda Fulansi
borey. Da doktey kaŋ go no, i ne ŋaarey hayne taasey kaŋ yoŋ go, mangazey kaŋ
go Nizeer ra. I hayno hasara. Loktortey ne, doktey ne hayno hasara boro kul kaŋ
na hayne ŋa, a ga bu. Mati ni faham. To ga ka ti, Zibbo Bakari mo na borey
tunandi a na borey daŋ a ne i ma hayney kul mun haro ra. Waato kaŋ i na heyney
mun ka ben, ga no Joori soora se a ne ya-din ga hundi no a ka, boro kaŋ na ŋaari
ka, dameyzey cirey ga hundi ka, to, k i n i ga hundi ka yoŋo din, ga ka ti i ka
ka konkonsa kar zumandi kal Joori daŋ hino ra. Ni go ga ma? Waato k i huro hino
ra, i goro ka boori, Zibbo Bakari, ay ne boro wo, Musse Buubu da Joori, gey ka
du, gey ka go hino ra, boro, Muse Buubu bo go assambule, Joori go presidaŋ. To,
ga ka ti Buub, Musse Buubu din ne sohoŋ borey...
During
Diorifs reign, when Diori wanted to become the President, he fought with Djibo
Bakary over the position of President. Are you listening? Now, they fought over
the position of President, and Djibo Bakary first got it. Six months passed. A
meeting was held. He humiliated French during the meeting. Moreover, the
doctors said pearl millet in the warehouse managed by Nigerfs government was going
bad. The doctors, the doctor said pearl millet was going bad and if people were
to eat it, they would die. Do you understand? Now, so Djibo Bakary provoked
everyone and said, gDump all of the pearl millet in the water.h Once they
dumped all of the pearl millet, Diori prepared himself and said that he [Djibo]
had taken peoplefs lives, he had taken lives from people who needed the food,
the red man had taken peoplefs lives. Now, when words spread that lives had
been taken, a meeting was held, [Djibo] was overthrown, and Diori came to
power. Are you listening? When they came to power, Djibo Bakary, I mean, Mr.
Bubu and Diori obtained power. Things worked out well with Bubu in the
parliament and Diori being the President. Now, according to Bubu, Mr. Bubu c.
W[ĚăAW[ŞüéŰAŢĆYBb{EoJÍĺĚĚnĘđĆč Á˝BŤ˘ÄéËBłÄAĺĚĚnĘđĆč ÁÄAܸÍYBb{EoJŞĺĚĚnĘđŚ˝B6JŞ˝Á˝BWďŞJŠę˝BŢÍťąĹtXlđJß˝BťęĆăŇ˝żŞž˘žľ˝ąĆÉÍAjWF[ĚqÉÉ égEWrGAťęŞĘÚÉČÁĢéBăŇ˝żÍAăŇÍgEWrGŞĘÚÉČÁĢÄAH×éĆÝČńžܤƞÁ˝BíŠéËBłÄťęĹYBb{EoJÍÝČ𧽚ÄAgEWrGđÝČ
ĚČŠÉĚÄľ܌ƞÁ˝BSĚÄÄľÜÁ˝ĆŤAťĚĆŤW[ŞőđľÄžÁ˝ąĆÉÍAŢÍ˝đDÁ˝AHרđH×Ģ˝l˝żŠçDÁ˝AÔ˘lŞ˝đDÁ˝BłÄA˝ŞDíę˝Ć˘¤bŞ Á˝ĆŤAWďŞJŠęAkYBb{Íl~ëłęAW[Ş ÍÉuŠęéąĆÉČÁ˝BŤ˘ÄéËBŢçŞ ÍÉüÁ˝ĆŤAYBb{EoJAśáČÄbV
Eu[uĆW[ŞŚÄA ÍĚČŠÉ Á˝ĚžŞAu[uŞďɢÄAW[ŞĺĚɢéƢ¤ć¤ÉA˘˘Š˝żĹűÜÁ˝BłÄAť¤ľÄu[uAbV
Eu[uŞžÁ˝ąĆÉÍcB
\\ Buubu,
Buubu mey?
Bubu,
Bubu who?
u[uAu[uNšŠB
M) Buubu
Hamma.
Bubu
Hama.
u[uEn}žB
\\ Nhun.
Hmm.
Ó¤ŢB
M) Manti
ni faham. A ne boro kaŋ ga kabu..., isa ra, kul kaŋ go Gurma, kul a si du...
Hu'hu. Manti no din no. No-din wo bisa, ir man to no-din.
You
got it? He said c, gThose who are registered residents in the river but are on
the west bank c.h No. Thatfs not it. Wefve passed that. We are not there yet.
íŠÁ˝ŠËBŢŞžÁ˝ąĆÉÍcAěŌĢéĚÉźÝɢéŇÍcB˘âBťąśáȢBťęÍˇŹ˝Aí˝ľ˝żÍÜžťąÉ¢ĢȢB
\\ Hun.
Hmm.
ÓńB
M) Waato
kaŋ wo-din ban. Ni go ga ma? I, i, i presi..., hayo, parti wo din ben. I ka, i
na Joori zeeri. Seyni Kunce na zumandi. Seyni Kunce zumandi yoŋo banda, ni go
ga ma, kaŋ Muse Buubu ka ka huro. Ay..., Muse..., boro, Ali Seybu ka ka huro.
To, Ali Seybu yoŋo, ga no, kantoŋ, sefu da kantoŋey din, gey ka ka ne sohoŋ
borey kaŋ go presidentara, ay ne borey kaŋ go gungey ra, da borey kaŋ go Gurma,
sohoŋ gey naŋ gey fey. Tilabeeri meyra ne, Gurma meyra ne. To, sohoŋ boro kul
kaŋ naŋ go Gurma, kul sinda fari gungo ra, boro kaŋ go gungo ra, da ni go Gurma
da, ma gana ka ye Gurma, ni sinda fari Gurma. To, wo ka te wo te. Un.
When
it ended. Are you with me? Th-, th-, the Pres-c, let me see, when the partyfs
rule ended. Diori was overthrown. Seyni Kountche overthrew him. After Seyni
Kountche overthrew him. Are you listening? Thatfs when Mr. Bubu came into
power. I c Mr., itfs that person, Ali Saibou came into power. Now, [during the
reign of] Ali Saibou and his people, the canton, the canton chiefs said, gFrom
now on, those in the position of President ch No, thatfs not right. The canton,
the canton chiefs said, gFrom now on, we are going to distinguish those on the
island and those on the west bank. Tilabeeri will rule here, and the west bank
will rule here. Now, from now on, those on the west bank will not have a field
on the island, and those on the island, even if they are on the west bank, they
are not going to have a field on the west bank [unless] they move to the west
bank.h So this is what happened.
ťęŞIíÁ˝ĆŤžBíŠéËBťAťAťĚĺcAŚŚĆA}ŞIíÁ˝ĆŤžBW[Ş|łę˝BZCjEN`FŞ~ëľ˝BZCjEN`FŞ~ëľ˝ăAŤ˘Ä˘éËAbZEu[uŞüÁ˝Bí˝ľÍcAbZA ĚlžAAEZCuŞüÁ˝BłÄAąĚAEZCu˝żkĚăÉlAJgAJgˇ˝żŞžÁ˝BąęŠçÍĺĚĚnĘÉ éŇcA˘âť¤ĹÍČÄAJgAJgˇ˝żŞžÁ˝BąęŠçÍɢéŇĆźÝɢéŇđćʡéBeBx[ĚxzŞąąĹAźÝĚxzŞąąBłÄAąęŠçÍźÝɢéŇÍɨđླྀAɢéŇÍAźÝɢ˝ĆľÄŕAźÝÉÚZľkČ˘ŠŹčlAźÝɨđŕ˝Č˘BĆÜ Aą¤˘¤ąĆިŤ˝ĚžB
\\ Fo
se i ga te yawo-cine. Ay wo ke ay man faham.
Why
did they do such a thing? I donft understand.
Čşťńȹƾ˝ńšŠBí˝ľÉÍíŠčÜšńB
M) To.
A, ko, a kantoŋey de ka wo te, prepaare ka te i na to hino do, i na te ya-din.
Ga ti i ne borey kaŋ go Gurma da ya-here, kul ma gana ka ye. To, i ne : áDa boro go Gurma, da ni man gana mo, ni sinda
hu, ni sinda fariâ. Manti ni faham. áNaŋ ga gana hinne ka kaâ. Waato, tamo din, boro boobo gana ka ye
gungo wo ra. Ka fatta Gurma din ka ka ye gugo ra. To,...
All
right. Um, the co-, the canton chiefs did it. They made the arrangement by
using their power and made it happen. And then they told people on the west
bank and people over there [on the island] to move. Now, they said, gEven if
you are on the west bank, you will have neither a house nor a field unless you
move here.h Do you understand? gCome only if you move here.h At that time, many
people came back to this island. They left the west bank and came back to the
island. Now c.
ćľB ARcAJg˝żŞť¤ľ˝A ÍĚĆąëĹťĚőđľÄAť¤ľ˝ńžBťęŠçźÝɢélÔĆ żçɢélÔÍAÚZľëĆžÁ˝BłÄAŢ窞¤ÉÍAuźÝɢéĆľÄŕAÚZľČŻęÎAĆŕČŻęΨŕȢvBíŠéŠ˘uÚZˇéŇžŻŞ˘vBA˝łńĚlŞąĚÉßÁÄ˝BźÝđŁęAÉßÁÄ˝BłÄcB
\\ May
yoŋ, may yoŋ ka?
Who,
who came?
NŞANŞ˝ĚšŠB
M) Kaŋ
yoŋ fun gungey ra? Ne-wo ra? To, guna C.C., S.C., J.C, ir bonkoyni wo da, beero
kaŋ si i ga ne kal de Dulla.
Who
came back to the island? Here? All right. Look. C.C., S.C., J.C., and Dulla,
the older brother of the chief here.
ÉßÁÄ˝ŕĚŠ˘BąąÉŠ˘BćľA˛çńAC.C.AS.C.AJ.C[77].AťľÄąąĚńˇAťĚZĹ éhDb[78]žB
\\ Dulla*.
Dulla*
[calling his father a different name].
hDb*k̟𞢊ŚélB
M) Oho,
Dulla.. Ga mo bere. E...
Mm.
Dulla. He moved as well. Let me see c.
¤ŢBhDbBŢŕÚÁ˝BŚŚĆcB
\\ A
ka ne da?
Did
he come here?
ąąÉ˝ńšŠB
M) A
man ka ne, amma a ye Gaarokoyre.
He
didnft come here. He went back to Gaarokoyre.
ąąĹÍČAK[RCÉßÁ˝B
\\ A,
Gaarokoyre.
Oh,
Gaarokoyre [island].
AK[RCklB
M) Maadulla.
I koono ka sobey ka gana boro kul kaŋ Tilabeeri go, kul gana ka ye ka ka gungo
wo ra. To, borey kaŋ si hin..., Tilabeeri gaara din, gey mey goro yaamo, kaŋ
yoŋ mana hin ka fatta yoŋo, gey wey ber ka kabu yaamo, Teera ra.
Thatfs
right. They moved one after another, and all the people in Tilabeeri came back
to the island. Now, those who couldnft c, [those who couldnft comply with] the
order for people of Tilabeeri to move out, they just settled there. Those who
couldnft leave there ended up registering their residence in Tera.
ťĚƨčBŢçÍÂŹÂŹÉÚZľAeBx[ɢéҡ×ÄŞAÉßÁÄ˝BłÄAōȢŇcAąĚeBx[ÖĚÇoľkÉśŚČ˘ŇlAŢçÍ˝žčZľ˝AťąđoçęȢlŃĆÍA˝že[ĹŚéąĆÉČÁ˝B
To,
Sohoŋ wo ka borey din kul ka ne-wo, don sambu Looga ka Ɲajin-bangu-kaara k ey ga ne
Conandow, a me a me kal Jaaya, a me a me Fuliyande wo de ikkul ga kabu. Ikkul
koyra wo de ir ga kabu. Oho, amma soohoŋ kaŋ wo-din te, i ne ngey si gey key si
ngey huwey taŋ, gey ga kabu yaamo Gurama ra. Oho, ga ti kabu yaamo Gurma ra
din. Oho, to, sohoŋ wo-din ka ka ben sohoŋ. Boro fo fo go ga bere ka ka koyne.
Oho.
Now,
this removed all the people from here. Everyone used to be residents of
Fuliyande, from people in the Nyajin Bang Kaara [settlement] in Looga, also
known as the Chonandou [settlement], to people in the Jaaya settlement.
Everyone was a resident of this village. Mm. But after this incident, they said
they couldnft, they couldnft leave their house, so they would just register
their residence in the west bank. Hmm. Now, thatfs over. Some of the people
moved again. Hmm.
łÄAąĚąĆŞˇ×ÄĚlŃĆ𹹊碽BŠÂÄÍA[KĚj[WEoOEJ[kWlAĘź`ihEkWlŠçAW[Wɢ˝éÜĹAÝČŞąątAfŌĢ˝BÝȹ̺Ō˝B¤ŢBľŠľą¤˘¤ąĆŞ ÁÄAŢçÍōȢAĆđˇÄłéąĆÍōȢA˝žźÝĹŚéĆžÁ˝B¤ŢBłÄAťęŕIíÁ˝BęĚlÍÓ˝˝ŃÚÁ˝B¤ŢB
\\ Wo-din
ban yoŋo wo ke, mate kaŋ cine no a ban no?
How
did all this end?
ąęçĚąĆÍAǤ˘¤Ó¤ÉIíÁ˝ĚšŠB
M) E?
Huh?
ŚB
\\ Soojey
ka? Waato kaŋ...
Did
soldiers come? I mean, when it happened c.
şmŞ˝ĚšŠBÂÜčťĚĆŤcB
M) Soojey
man ka.
Soldiers
didnft come.
şmÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ I
man ka.
They
didnft come.
ČŠÁ˝B
M) I
ne de soojey, i ga ka. I ne soojey ga ka boro kul kaŋ man gana, borey..., soojey
ka k i ganandi. Amma i ne nongu yoŋ ra soojey ka, amma ir wey do soojey man ka.
We
heard soldiers would come. We heard soldiers would come, and those who wouldnft
move would be forced to move by those bastards c, those soldiers. I heard
soldiers went to some places, but they didnft come here.
şmŞéĆžíęÄ͢˝BşmŞÄAÚZľČ˘ŇÍAAcAşmÉÚZłšçęéĆžíęĢ˝BşmŞ˝ęŕ Á˝ĆžíęĢéŞAąąÉÍČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ho.
Ne da here, ne da batoma ra.
I
see. Here. Around this area.
٨BąąĹÍAąĚęŃĹÍB
M) Oho,
batomey kul i ne sooje yoŋ ka ya-hare boro kaŋ man gana, kul i ga, i ga a
ganandi da gaabi. Amma ir wey do ne, ir man di sooja fa.
Right.
We heard soldiers would be everywhere and people who hadnft moved would be
forced to move. But here, I didnft see a single solider.
¤ŢA˘˝éĆąëÉşmŞÄAÚZľÄ˘Č˘ŇާIÉÚZłšçęéĆžíęĢ˝BľŠľąąĹÍAşmęlŠČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ba
Saatoni here mo, Korbore here mo.
Not
in Satoni or Korbore.
TgjĹŕAR{ĹŕB
M) Kul
i man di Sooja.
I
didnft see any soldiers.
ÜÁ˝şmÍŠŠŻČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
M) Huun.
Hmm.
ÓńB
\\ Ya-din
no.
Is
that so?
ť¤ĹˇŠB
M) Hun.
*
Hmm.
*[silent for ten seconds]
ÓńB*k10błžl
\\ Wo-din
banda no Saaba-Teera mo i na singi no?
After
that, the village of Saaba-Tera was established, right?
ťĚăT[oEe[ŕnnłę˝ńšËB
M) Maadulla.
Saaba-Teera mo, wo kaŋ singi, ni ga maar'a. Ay, Suley, Ali, B.A., K.S., ir
gungo wo borey ne. Ni go ga ma? Ir gungo borey ne. Gurma mo, Gurma borey D.K..
Mey. T.B. Muusa yoŋ baaba yoŋ wey da. Boro, J.F.. L.F.. Isub. Adamu. * Ir borey
wey, ir ka ne : áIr si ba Dalugeyâ. Ni go ga ma? In ne : áIr si ba dalugeyâ. Kaŋ d i na.., dalugey ka, zama dalugey naŋ
go g ir zamba. Ir di ka yenge, ir di ka yenge, ir di ka yenge wo-din boŋ. Kal
ir ka ka kurey fey..
Thatfs
right. Ifll let you know how Saaba-Tera was established as well. Me, Sourey,
Ali, B.A., and K.S. are from the island. Are you listening? These are the
people from our island. And as for the west bank, people from the west bank are
D.K. That guy, M.A.fs father A.H. And then that guy, J.F. L.F., Isbou, and
Adam. *[silent for six seconds] As for us, we said, gWe donft want the
delegates.h Are you listening? We said, gWe donft want the delegates,h and
tried to remove them. Thatfs because they, the delegates, were cheating us. We kept
on fighting, fighting, and fighting over it. Then finally, our group ended up
splitting up.
ÜłľBT[oEe[ŞÇĚć¤Énݳ꽊ŕAíŠçšÄâë¤Bí˝ľAXC[79].AA[80]AB.A.[81]AK.S.[82]ŞĚlÔBŤ˘ÄéËBąęçŞí˝ľ˝żĚlÔžBťęĆźÝÍƢ¤ĆAźÝĚlÔÍAD.K[83].B ˘ÂAM.A.ĚeĹ éA.H.[84]BťęĆA ˘ÂAJ.F.[85]BL.F.[86]ACXu[87]AA_[88]B*k6błžląĚí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAí˝ľ˝żÍuă\đ]ÜȢvĆžÁ˝ĚžBŤ˘ÄéËBí˝ľ˝żÍuă\đ]ÜȢvĆž˘Aă\đą¤Ćľ˝AƢ¤ĚŕŢçÍAă\ÍAí˝ľ˝żđéxľÄ˘˝ŠçžBí˝ľ˝żÍťĚąĆđߎÁÄA˘A˘A˘ÂĂŻ˝BťľÄĆ¤Ć¤í˝ľ˝żÍAWcđŞŠÂɢ˝Á˝B
\\ *Sobey
ka har, sobey ka har.
*[Getting
a child who entered out the room] Please continue. Please continue.
*kŽÉüÁÄ˝qđOÉoľČŞçlÂĂŻÄžł˘AÂĂŻÄžł˘B
M) Ayyo.
Kal ir ka ka kurey fey. K in na kurey fey din, i koy, ir ka ka to ciiti,
komandan yoŋ ka. Ir ka ka koy ciiti han din. In na pala fo yoŋ ta, ay ne paley
kaŋ ngey taali n i fey. Kaŋ da de gey, gey ma taŋ gey boŋ se, ngey ma no wo..,
gey boŋ se, ir si yedda wo-din ga. To, ir di wo-din ra, ir di wo-din ra, kal
kal kal ir ka ka to zuuzuma. To, ka ka zuuzuma, paley k ir noyandi din,
komandan ne ir se sohoŋ ke wey-din i ma te ir wone. Wey kaŋ gey mey noyandi a
ma te i wone. To, ni di, wo, wo ka han din sintino te, to, ir ka ka.., ir ka ka
hayow, marga. In ne sohoŋ ir naŋ ga hun, ne-wo tiira ra. Ni go ga ma. In naŋ na
hun Te..., ne-wo tira, ir ma koy ye...,
All
right. So our group ended up splitting up. Out group split up, and after a
while, we had a trial, and the commander and others came. We went to the trial
that day. We received some plots. No, I mean the plots they were going to
redistribute unfairly. The plots they had set aside for themselves. The plots
they had given themselves. We [said we] would not condone it. Now, then, then,
it was finally the time for a judgement. Now, at the time of the judgement, the
commander said to us that, from then on, the plots we had given away were going
to be ours, and the plots they had given away were going to be theirs. Now, you
see, this happened on the first day. Now, we came back, and letfs see, we had a
meeting. We talked about leaving this placefs paper (removing our residence
from here). Are you listening? We said we should leave T-, this placefs paper
c.
ć뾢BWcđŞŠÂɢ˝Á˝BWc𪊿AľÎ罿AŮťˇéąĆÉČčAi߯˝żŞ˝BťĚúí˝ľ˝żÍٝɢÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍlČćđ˘ÂŠóŻĆÁ˝A˘âť¤ĹÍČÄAŢçŞsłÉŞŻć¤Ćľ˝lČćBŠŞ˝żĚ˝ßÉĆ訢˝lČćAŠŞ˝żÉ^Ś˝lČćAťĚąĆđí˝ľ˝żÍͳȢkĆžÁ˝lBłÄAť¤ľÄAť¤ľÄAƤƤťÉČÁ˝BłÄAťĚŰAi߯Şí˝ľ˝żÉž¤ÉÍAí˝ľ˝żŞ^Ś˝lČćÍAĄăí˝ľ˝żĚŕĚơéBŢçŞ^Ś˝ŕĚÍAŢçĚŕĚơéBłÄA˘˘ËAą¤˘¤ąĆŞÍśßĚúÉ ÁÄAłÄAí˝ľ˝żÍAÁÄÄAŚŚĆAWÜčđľ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍAąąĚŠçoĢą¤Ćbľ˝BŤ˘ÄéËBecAąąĚđŁęÄAsą¤ĆžÁ˝cB
\\ Saaba.
To
Saaba.
T[oÉB
M) Ha'a.
Saaba man du waat in. A man du waat in. In ne in naŋ ga hun ne tiira ra.
No.
There was no Saaba yet at that time. Not yet at that time. We were going to
leave this placefs paper.
˘˘âBT[oÍܞȊÁ˝BČŠÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍąąĚŠçoĢą¤Ćľ˝ĚžB
\\ *Sobey.
*[Getting
the child out the room] Keep going.
*kqđOÉoľČŞçlÂĂŻÄB
M) In
ne sohoŋ wo-din, ir, ir, in ne, sohoŋ ir naŋ marga ka wo-din, ir ma maraga ka
wo-din daŋ..., ir ma ir bonkoyno ceeci ka daŋ. Ir ma hun amiiru Fuliyande wo
bande. To, wo-din ir ka k ir marga te, in na wo-din soola te, in ne ir si ba
kal Isubu. Isubu ma huro jine ka te ir se bonkoyni. To, ga ka ti Isubu mo koy,
a sobey ka huro ka fatta amiiru Kokor do kal a du presi..., a'a, kal a du
bonkoynitara. To, hano kaŋ i ne gey ga ka ka kabu ir se, ir ka ka kabu, ay wo
tun ne da. Ay ne ay ga koy kabu. Ni go ga ma?
We
said, gNow that this has happened, we, we, we should get together and assign c
find and assign a chief. Letfs stop backing the chief of Fuliyande [the chief
of Gaarokoyre].h Now, we had a meeting, prepared for it, and decided Isbou was
the right person. We said Isbou should gain power and become our chief. Now, so
Isbou went to see the chief of Kokor, and got the position of Pres- . . . no,
chief. Now, on the day of registering our residence, we came to register our
residence. I left here. I said I would go to register my residence there. Are
you listening?
í˝ľ˝żÍžÁ˝Aą¤ČÁ˝ŠçÉÍAí˝ľ˝żAí˝ľ˝żAí˝ľ˝żÍAąęŠçWÜÁÄuą¤cAńˇđłŞľÄuą¤ĆBąątAfĚńˇkK[RCşˇlĚăëŠçoć¤ĆBłÄAí˝ľ˝żÍWďđľÄAťĚőđľACXuąťŞ˘˘ĆžÁ˝BCXuŞOÉüčAí˝ľ˝żĚńˇÉČęĆžÁ˝BłÄAą¤ľÄCXuŕRRĚńˇĚĆąëÉsŤAĺcA˘âńˇĘđŚ˝ĚžBłÄAí˝ľ˝żđŚÉéĆžíę˝úAí˝ľ˝żÍŚÉ˝AąĚí˝ľÍąąđÁ˝Bí˝ľÍŚÉsĆžÁ˝BŤ˘Ä˘éËB
\\ Huhun.
Uh-huh.
ÓńÓńB
M) Adamu,
ga ka ay gaayi. A ne ay se ay si koy kabu. Ay go ga koy kabo do, ay to... Manti
ni ga Adamu huwo bey?
Adam
stopped me. He told me not to go register my residence there. I was on my way
to the place where they registered residence, and I c. You know where Adamfs
house is, donft you?
A_Şí˝ľđĐŤĆß˝BŢÍŚÉsČĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľŞŚéęÉsą¤ĆľÄ˘ÄAí˝ľŞcB¨ÜŚÍA_ĚĆđmÁĢéžë¤B
\\ Un.
Ay ga a bey.
Yes,
I do.
ŚŚBmÁÄܡćB
M) To,
ni bey kaŋ gey da Isubu huwo man moor cele. Ga no a na ay gaayi, ga ka kanda ay
ka gaayi ka daŋ huwo ra ka ne ay si koy kabu. Ay ne a se ay ga koy. A ne ay se
ay si koy. Ay ne a se ay ga koy. A ne ay se ay si koy. *
All
right. You know his house is not far from Isboufs house, donft you? He stopped
me there, stopped me, brought me into his house, and told me not to go register
my residence there. I said, gIfm going.h He said, gDonft go.h I said, gIfm
going.h He said, gDonft go.h *[silent for three seconds]
ćľAŢĚĆĆCXuĚƪȢĚÍmÁĢéžë¤BťąĹŢŞí˝ľđĐŤĆßÄAĐŤĆßÄĆĚČŠÉAęĢÁÄAŚÉsČĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍsĆžÁ˝BŢÍsČĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍsĆžÁ˝BŢÍsČĆžÁ˝B*k3błžl
\\ Ha.
Ifo se?
Huh.
Why?
Í BČşB
M) Ay
ne a se : áFo se ni ne ay si koyâ. A ne : áHa'a. Ya
goro de ay koyra raâ, ba wo ba kaŋ gey kul haawandi
din, gey man yedda. Ay ne a se : áAy ga haaw?
Ay wo si hawando raâ. Zama wo kaŋ se, ay ne a se ay si
haawan do ra, guna ne-wo kaŋ ay go, Fuliyande koyra wo ra, ay sinda ba ba ba ba
ba ba, ba, labu guri ize folloŋ kaŋ ga ay ka zafa ka ba áfilaana*â ma du ra
kari. Ay wo man du Fuliyande ra. Ya-din ga ay Fuliyande gora ka banza. Ay si ba
ay si gora, a ne ay se : áWo hinneâ, ay ne a se : áWo hinne?
Wo ma ga ay ga fattaâ. A ne ay se : áTo, ye, naŋâ. Ga ga ay
no fari. Fuliyande ra ihinka. Amma ay si koy kabu, ay ne : áMan fareyâ?. A ne
hayni faro kaŋ ni ga di a go koyra bande wo da. Da ga mo faro kaŋ go ne-wo, a
ne nga gey no ay se.
I
said, gWhy are you telling me not to go?h He said, gNo. You should live in my
village. I canft let you humiliate all of us like this.h I said, gHumiliate? I
donft understand why it can be humiliating.h The reason why I said I didnft
understand why it was humiliating is because, look, here in the Fuliyande settlement,
where I am, I donft even have the smallest, smallest, smallest, smallest,
smallest parcel of land. I donft even have land that I cultivated and that
so-and-so* [his wifefs name] can use as a small garden. That means my life in
Fuliyande is only temporary. I donft want to live here. He said to me, gThatfs
it?h I said to him, gItfs important to me. Thatfs why Ifm leaving.h He said to
me, gAll right. Go home. Leave it alone.h He was going to give me two fields in
Fuliyande if I didnft register my residence there. I said, gWhich fields?h He
said gThe pearl millet fields right there behind the settlement.h He said he
would give me the pearl millet fields and also a rice field there.
í˝ľÍAuČşsČĆž¤ĚžvĆžÁ˝BŢÍAu˘˘âBí˝ľĚşÉZßvAąńČŠŞ˝żÝČđJßé}lÍAšČ˘ĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍAup¸Šľ˘ÁÄBí˝ľÍťĚp¸ŠľłĚȊɢȢvĆžÁ˝BČşí˝ľŞťĚp¸ŠľłĚȊɢȢƞÁ˝ŠĆ˘ŚÎA˛çńAí˝ľŞ˘éąąAtAfWĚČŠÉAí˝ľÍŮńĚA˛A˛A˛A˛A˛í¸ŠĚynłŚŕ˝Č˘Bí˝ľŞŤčĐçŤAu^*kČĚźlvŞÍ˘nđÂéynłŚČ˘BÂÜčAí˝ľĚtAfĚśÍAŠčťßžBí˝ľÍąąÉZݽȢBŢŞí˝ľÉž¤ÉÍAuťńȹƊvBí˝ľÍŢÉžÁ˝BuťńȹƞÁÄBžŠçí˝ľÍoĢ̞vBŢÍí˝ľÉžÁ˝BuíŠÁ˝AAęA٤ÁĨŻvBŢŞí˝ľÉtAfÉ é¨đQÂ^ŚéAľŠľí˝ľÍŚÉsŠČ˘Bí˝ľÍžÁ˝Buǹ̨žvBŢÍAWĚ É éťąĚgEWrG¨ĆžÁ˝BťęĆťąÉ éîcAťęçđí˝ľÉ^ŚéĆžÁ˝ĚžB
\\ A
no, a ne no ni se yaamo?
Did
he say he would give them to you, give them to you with no charge?
ŢÍ^ŚéĆA˝žĹ^ŚéĆžÁ˝ńšŠB
M) A
ne ay se yaamo. Ni di?
He
said he would give them to me with no charge. All right?
˝žĹ^ŚéĆžÁ˝ĚžB˘˘ËB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
M) Ay
waati din ay ne ay ka ka huro.
Then
I said I would stay [in Gaarokoyre].
ťĚĆŤí˝ľÍüéźĆžÁ˝B
\\ Manti
hi yoŋ no...
He
wasnft lending them to you c.
ÝŘĹÍČcB
M) Manti
hi yoŋ no. A ne nga no ay se. Kaŋ bor kul se hã, de ay koy ne. Ni di? Ga ka ti
ay man koy kabu. Kaŋ kab wo ban, a ye ka ta farey. Manti ni faham.
He
wasnft lending them to me. He said he would give them to me. Ask everyone.
Thatfs why I came here. You see? Thatfs why I didnft register my residence
there. Once the registration was over, he took away the fields. Do you
understand?
ÝŘĹÍȢBŢÍ^ŚéĆžÁ˝ĚžBÝČÉŤ˘ÄÝëAťęĹí˝ľÍąąÉŤ˝ĚžBíŠéËBą¤ľÄí˝ľÍŚÉ˘ŠČŠÁ˝BŚéĚŞIíéĆAŢͨđóŻĆÁ˝BíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
understand.
íŠčÜľ˝B
M) A
ta farey.
He
took away the fields.
¨đóŻĆÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
M) Adamu.
Adam
did.
A_ŞB
\\ Hun.
Hmm.
Ó¤ńB
M) A
ta farey. Ga ka ti hano kaŋ a ka ka ne nga ga bonkoynitara wo di, ay wo guna,
bandey, ay ne a se : áWallaahi ay si koy ni bande, boro
kaŋ ga ay dabari mosoko ni bandeâ. To, ga ka
ti Isub bonkoynitara wo, wo ka te. Un.
He
took away the fields. So when he came to me and told me he wanted to get the
position of chief, I said to him, gWallahi. I would not back you. You already
tell me what to do. I would not back you.h So thatfs how Isbou got his position
of chief. Mm.
¨đóŻĆÁ˝BťęĹŢŞÄńˇĘ𦽢ƾÁ˝ĆŤAąĚí˝ľÍžÁ˝Bub[qAí˝ľÍ¨ÜŚĚăëÉČǢŠČ˘A˝žĹłŚí˝ľđw}ˇélԞƢ¤ĚÉAÜľÄâ¨ÜŚĚăëÉČÇvBĆÜ Aą¤˘¤íŻĹACXuĚńˇĘÍŚçę˝ĚžB¤ńB
\\ Ay
man faham. E, Adamu na fa..
I
donft understand. Letfs see. Adam c.
íŠčÜšńBŚŚĆAA_ިđcB
M) A
n i ta. Za waato kaŋ i kab, kabkey dira, keyney ga ka ka bere, a zoora, a ne ay
se hayni fend'ey.
Took
away my fields. Immediately after the registration was over, right after those
who registered their residence left, his younger brothers came and started
weeding, and he told me to forget about the pearl millet.
óŻĆÁ˝ĚžBŚéąĆŞIíÁ˝Ć˝ńAŚéŇŞÁ˝çˇŽAí˝żŞâÁÄÄđÍśßÄAŢÍí˝ľÉgEWrGĚąĆÍ٤ÁĨŻĆžÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Maaleykom
Salaam.
Wa
alaykumu as-salamu.
EACNEAbT[
M) Maaleykom
Salaam. A n i ta.
Wa
alaykumu as-salamu. He took them away.
EACNEAbT[BóŻĆÁ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
M) Oho.
To, wo ka te.
Mm.
Right. Thatfs what happened.
¤ŢBť¤Ať¤žÁ˝ĚžB
KŇ Mate
war wiccira.
Visitor How
are you this evening?
ĄŞÍ˘ŠŞĹˇŠB
M) Samuyi
kal baani. Samuyi. Samuyi.
Ifm
fine. Fine. Fine.
ÇDšBÇDAÇDB
KŇ Ir
ma wiccira baani.
Visitor Have
a good evening.
Ǣé𡲳ęܡć¤ÉB
M) To,
amiin.
Hmm.
Amen.
¤ŢAA[B
k^šâ~lkRecording discontinuedl
k^šÄJl kRecording resumedl
\\ To,
wo kaŋ ay man faham go no. Ga ti, hayo, sohoŋ da ay koy ka samb taasa yoŋo se
no ay man faham. Sanga delugey, delugey ga ti pala kar yoŋo banda wala?
Now,
Ifm not sure about something. That is, letfs see, I didnft understand because I
was getting some plates. So the delegates, the delegates came after the plots
were built. Am I right?
łÄAíŠçȢąĆŞ čܡBƢ¤ĚÍAŚŚĆA˘ÜżĺÁĆHíđĆčɢÁĢ˝ĚĹíŠçČŠÁ˝ńšŞBžŠçă\˝żAă\˝żĆ˘¤ĚÍAlČćŞĹŤÄŠçšćËB
M) Pala
karyoŋo bande. Waat in ir wey da ti delugey. Ni go ga ma. To, i go ga borey
matunciga gumo, ay wo fatta dalgetara ra. Ay ne ay si baar'a. Ni go ga ma? In d'ey
yenge wo dumo boŋ ay si baar'a. To, ga ka ti ngey mey ka sohoŋ, pala kul kaŋ
naŋ koma, kul i naŋ ga samb ka no boro fo se. De ir wey ga baar'a, ir si duw'a,
gan da gey dalgey din cala se i ga no. Amma ir sin no. Ir mey ne : áHal fo se wo go ga te. Doŋ s a ra kaŋ i ga
hal pala koma, i m ir mey no. I ma si gey dalgey hinne noâ. To, wo ti ir yenga sintino. Kaŋ na ir mey
ne : áWallahi a si teâ. Ga ti ir boŋ ga boŋ ir ka ka yenge, kal ir
koy zuuzuma din. Oho. To, Zuuzuma yoŋo, waato kaŋ zuuzuma din ben, kaŋ in da komandaŋ
koy zuuzuma, ir koy komanndan do ka koy zuuzuma din, waato kaŋ zuuzuma yoŋo
ben, ga no in ne : áTo, sohoŋ ir mey ir si kabâ. Zama amiiru Fuliyande han din, ga ka ti...
After
the plots were built. We were the delegates at that time. Are you listening?
Now, they put people in great misery. Thatfs why I left the position of
delegate. I said I didnft want it. Are you listening? I donft like the kind of
conflict we had with them. Now, thatfs because they would immediately take
plots that slipped away from people and redistribute them to one of their family
members. So we couldnft get them even if we wanted them. They were only
redistributed to the delegates and their family. We said, gHow can you do such
a thing? This is unheard of. When plots slipped away, some of them used to be
redistributed to us. You shouldnft only give them to the delegates.h Now, this
was the beginning of the dispute. We said, gWallahi. Thatfs not good.h Then it
led to a dispute, and we went to a trial. Mm. Now, the trial, when the trial
was over, we and the commander [of Tilabeeri] went to the trial, we went to the
commander for the trial, and the trial was over, and then we said, gAll right.
We are not going to back him anymore.h Thatfs because the chief of Fuliyande
[the village of Gaarokoyre] at that time c.
lČćŞĹŤÄŠçBťĚĆŤí˝ľ˝żŞă\žÁ˝BŤ˘ÄéËBłÄAŢçÍlŃĆđ˝˘Öń˘łšÄ˘˝AťęĹí˝ľÍă\ĚnĘđŁę˝B]ÜȢƞÁ˝BŤ˘ÄéËBí˝ľ˝żĆŢçŞÁ˝ŢĚąĆđAí˝ľÍDÜȢBłÄAƢ¤ĚŕŢçÍAڰ˝lČć͡ŽÉĆÁÄAgŕĚĐĆčÉ^ŚéBťęĹí˝ľ˝żŞ]ńĹŕŚçę¸AŢçĆă\ĚÔ˝żžŻÉ^ŚçęéBí˝ľ˝żÍžÁ˝BuČńÄąĆđˇéńžBąńČąĆÍO㢡žAlČ檌°˝çAí˝ľ˝żÉŕ^ŚçęĢ˝ŕĚžBă\˝żÉžŻÉ^Śé׍ĹÍȢvBłÄAąęŞ˘ĚnÜčžÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆAub[qAćȢvĆžÁ˝Bą¤ľÄí˝ľ˝żÍ˘ĆČčAƤƤٝÉsÁ˝B¤ŢBłÄAŮťžŞAŮťŞIíéĆAí˝ľ˝żĆi߯ÍŮťÉsÁ˝ĚžŞAí˝ľ˝żÍi߯ĚĆąëÉŮťľÉ˘Á˝ĚžŞAŮťŞIíÁÄAťęĹí˝ľ˝żÍućľAऌȢvĆžÁ˝BƢ¤ĚŕtAfkK[RCşlĚńˇÍcB
\\ Dalgey
daŋ.
He
appointed the delegates.
ă\˝żđu˘Ä˘˝B
M) Ha'a.
Ga wo dalgey se ka boori. Ni go ga ma? Ga ka huro dalgey se. Ir mey ne ir si
baar'a. Ir si kab a bande. To, ga kate ir koy kabu waani. To, ga ka ti ir, ir
no, ir kabo..., gurpo wo ka tarey, kaŋ koy minto din te, sohoŋ waato kaŋ in na
minto te ka ben, boro boobo, hun minto din cire. Un. I ne ngey si yedda. To, ga
ka ti amiiru, Isubu wo ka ka bonkoynitara wo, in na a ma koy ka a ceeci, kaŋ a
ka ka ceeci, kaŋ a duw'a wo. Un. Amma manti boro fo ka daŋ, ir wey da ka a daŋ.
No.
He was cordial to the delegates. Are you listening? He supported the delegates.
We said we didnft want him. We were not going to back him. Now, thatfs why we
went somewhere else to register our residence. Now, thatfs how we registered
our residence c, took this group out, had a mint, and once we finished the
mint, many people were in that mint. Mm. They said they were not going to
condone it. Now, thatfs how Isbou was chosen to become the chief, and we told
him to look for it. He went to look for it and got it. Right. But it wasnft
anybody who assigned him the chief position. It was us.
˘˘âBŢÍă\˝żÉDÓIžÁ˝ĚžBŤ˘ÄéËBă\˝żÉ×SľÄ˘˝ĚžBí˝ľ˝żÍƢ¤ĆA]ÜȢƞÁ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍŢĚăëŌȢBłÄAą¤ľÄí˝ľ˝żÍĘĚĆąëɌɢÁ˝BłÄAą¤ľÄí˝ľ˝żÍŚcAąĚO[vđOÉoľÄA~gđľA~gđľIíéĆAĺ¨ĚlÔŞťĚ~gÉ͢˝B¤ŢBŢçÍͳȢƞÁ˝BłÄAą¤ľÄCXuŞńˇĘÉAąĆÉČčAí˝ľ˝żÍAťęđTľÉ˘ŻĆžÁ˝BŢÍTľÉ˘ÁÄAťęđŚ˝B¤ńBžŞÁčĚNŠŞüę˝ĚĹÍȢAí˝ľ˝żŞu˘˝ĚžB
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
M) Ir
wey da ka a daŋ. Oho. Ir ka ne a ma fatta amiiru bande, ir ma a daŋ
bonkoynitarey. Ga ti in na daŋ bonkoynitaro wo ra.
It
was us who assigned him the chief position. Mm. We said, gLetfs leave the
chief. Letfs create a chief position.h Thatfs how we assigned him the chief
position.
ąĚí˝ľ˝żŞŢđu˘˝ĚžB¤ŢBí˝ľ˝żŞńˇĚăëđŁęć¤AńˇĘđuą¤ĆžÁ˝ĚžBť¤ľÄńˇĘÉŢđu˘˝ĚžB
\\ Ni
ne minto? Minto ga ti mey no?
You
said gMint.h Who is Mint?
~gƢ˘Üľ˝ŠB~gĆÍNšŠB
M) Danga,
ir koy marga ya-cine wo, ga ka ti ámintoâ k ey ga ne.
It
means gathering like this. We call it a gmint.h
ÂÜčAą¤WÜčđˇéąĆžAťęđu~gvĆž¤ĚžB
\\ Ho.
I
see.
٨B
M) Danga
ir go ga marga, keyna keyna kul ir ma car samb, ir ma koy marga. Ir keyna keyna
kul ir ma car samb ir ma koy marga, ir ma koy reeunion danga de de reeunion
ya-cine wo. Oho, to, ga ka te waato kaŋ i ne a ban, waati din i ne sohoŋ ke ir,
ir ma Isubu daŋ bonkoynitarey. A ma koy ceeci, ga kata a koy ceeci. Oho.
So
we have a meeting. We even bring little ones when we get together. We got
together with little ones and had a reunion. This kind of reunion. Mm. Now, it
was over. Then they said, gLetfs make Isbou the chief. Look for it and bring it
back.h He looked for it and brought it back. Mm.
ÂÜčAWďđľÄAŹł˘ĚŕÝČAęÄWÜčđˇéBŹłČŇŕÝČAęÄWÜčAjIľÉ˘Á˝AÂÜ蹤˘¤jIžćB¤ŢAłÄAą¤ľÄťęŞIíčAťĚĆŤŢçÍCXuđńˇÉuą¤ĆžÁ˝BłŞľÄŕÁĢBŢÍłŞľÉ˘ÁÄAŕÁÄ˝B¤ŢB
\\ E,
wan da may no go, e, minto wo ra.
Letfs
see. Who else besides you were in that mint?
ŚŚĆA Č˝ĆNŞťĚ~gÉ͢˝ńšŠB
M) Ir
kul, ay, borey kabu ni se wo kul, ir kul kaŋ g ey kabu ni se, ir kul go minto
din ra pat!
All
of us. All the people I listed for you earlier, all of us were there for the
mint.
í˝ľ˝żÝČžAłÁŤ¨ÜŚÉŚÄ °˝lÝČAí˝ľ˝żÝČŞťĚ~gÉťëÁĢ˝B
\\ De,
ifo se war suuba Isubu?
And
why did you choose Isbou?
ťęĹČşCXuđIńžńšŠB
M) A,
a naŋ ga waani senni waat in, a si hambur mo. Oho. A si hambur, a ga key jine.
Wo kaŋ ban ka ne wo-din ma te, wo-din boŋ a ga bu. Oho. Ga se in ne sohoŋ Isubu
ga no a ga te ir se bonkoyni. Oho. Zanka no ke. Oho.
Hmm.
He was reasonable at that time. He was also fearless. Mm. He was fearless and
stood before us. After something was over, he did everything he could to turn
around what people said was not working. Right. Thatfs why we said we should
make Isbou our chief. He was a child. Mm.
¤ŢAŢÍbŞíŠÁ˝ŠçËAťęɰęm縞Á˝B¤ŢB°ęmç¸ĹAOɧÂBIíÁ˝ĆŤÉAlŞ¤Ü˘ŠČ˘ĆžÁ˝ąĆAťĚąĆÉÍđsˇB¤ŢBťęĹí˝ľ˝żÍCXuđí˝ľ˝żĚńˇÉľć¤ĆžÁ˝ĚžBqČĚžB¤ŢB
\\ E.
Kokor. Kokor. Kokor bonkoyni wo ke a man jin ka ne war se war ma koyra fersi?
War man ne yawo-cine?
Letfs
see. Kokor, Kokor. Didnft the chief of Kokor tell you guys to split the village
beforehand? Didnft you guys say that?
ŚŚĆARRARRBRRĚńˇÍ 犜ߺđŞŻëĆ Č˝˝żÉžíČŠÁ˝ĚšŠB Č˝˝żÍžíČŠÁ˝ĚšŠB
M) Oho.
Za, han din. A man ne.
Oh.
Not until that day. He didnft.
¨¨BťĚúÜĹBžíČŠÁ˝B
\\ A
man ne. War no ka ne...
He
didnft. You guys did c.
žíČŠÁ˝B Č˝Ş˝ŞžÁ˝cB
M) Ir
bumbey ka ne. Ir bumbey ka ne ir si, ir si ba ir bonkoyno wo Gaarokoyre
bonkoyno wo ir si a gana. Waato din ir kul si kal Gaarokoyore bonkoyno bande. In
ne ir si a gana. Ir naŋ ga a fey. To, waati k ir fey, ni go ga ma? Ga no ir ne
Isubu se a ma koy ceeci bonkoynitarey. Oho. Waat in no a koy amiiru Kokor do, gen
d'ey sa, geydey sa, gen d'a salaŋ. Ga kat'a a na a no bonkoynitara.
We
ourselves did. We ourselves said we didnft like the chief of Gaarokoyre and we
would not follow his orders. We all used to back the chief of Gaarokoyre. We
said we would not follow his orders anymore. Letfs split up. Now, after we
split up, you see, then we told Isbou to go and find the position of chief. Mm.
Then he went to the chief of Kokor and had a talk, talk, talk. Then he was
given the position of chief and brought it back.
í˝ľ˝żŠgŞžÁ˝ĚžBí˝ľ˝żŠgŞAąąK[RCĚńˇđ]ÜȢľA]íȢƞÁ˝ĚžBŠÂÄí˝ľ˝żÝČŞK[RCĚńˇĚăëɢ˝Bí˝ľ˝żÍŕ¤]íȢƞÁ˝BŞŠĆ¤BłÄAí˝ľ˝żŞĘęÄŠçAíŠéËAťęŠçí˝ľ˝żÍCXuÉńˇĘđTľÄ˘ĆžÁ˝ĚžB¤ŢBťęŠçŢçÍRRĚńˇĚĆąëÉsŤAbAbAbľ Á˝ĚžBťęĹŢÍńˇĘđ^ŚçęÄAÁÄ˝B
To,
hano kaŋ kabu yoŋo go ka, a donto ka ne ir kul se, han filaana i ga ka ka kabu,
ir ma ka. Oho, ga ti ay wo tun ne da, kal ay koy no-din. Ay ne ga to no-din,
Adamu no ay gaayi ka ne ay se ay ma si koy. Ay ne a se fo se, in d'a ka ka di,
ay ne a se ay ga koy. A ne ay se ay si koy. Ay ne a se wallahi ay ga koy. Waati
din da in d'a de ay ne a se : áGuna, Fuliyande
ra, ba, ba naŋ kaŋ ay ga, ay ga, ay wande ka du kari, a si a ra. Ay sinda a ra.
Ya-din ga ay ga koyâ. Ga ti a ne farey no ay se. To,
ka ne ay se, waato kaŋ keydiya ka ka to, kaŋ borey ga fari duma, a ne ay se : áFend'eyâ. Manti ni
faham. Ga ti ay fand'ey. Ir koy bine, ka k ey no, ay ka ka dey fari. Ay du fari
ne-wo, ay du Tikooga din.
Now,
when the day of registration came, we were all told to come to register our
residence on this day of this month. Mm. So I left here and went there. When I
got there, Adam stopped me and told me not to go. I said, gWhy? Itfs something
we and he decided. Ifm going.h He said, gDonft go.h I said, gAbsolutely, Ifm going.h Thatfs when I said, between us, gListen.
Over there, in Fuliyande, I donft even have the smallest, smallest parcel of
land where I, I, my wife could get a small garden.h So he gave me some fields.
Now, thatfs what he said, but when the rainy season came and people were about
to sow seeds, he said, gLeave them alone.h You understand? So I left them
alone. It was Godfs blessing to give me the fields. I bought the fields. I got
some fields here and some more in Tikooga.
łÄAŚéúŞ˝ĆŤAí˝ľ˝żÝČÍA˝˝úÉŚÉéŠç˘Ćžíę˝B¤ŢBťęĹí˝ľÍąąđżA ťąÉsÁ˝Bí˝ľŞťąÉÂĆAA_Şí˝ľđĐŤĆßAsČĆžÁ˝ĚžBí˝ľÍAČşžAí˝ľ˝żĆŢĆĚ ˘žĹß˝ąĆžë¤Aí˝ľÍsĆžÁ˝BŢÍsČĆžÁ˝Bí˝ľÍAâÎÉsźĆžÁ˝BťĚĆŤžAí˝ľ˝żžŻĚ ˘žĹAí˝ľÍžÁ˝Bu˘˘ŠAtAfÉÍAí˝ľŞAí˝ľŞAí˝ľĚȪ͢nđŚçęé곌AťąÉÍAí˝ľÉͲA˛í¸ŠŕȢBžŠçsvBťęĹŢÍí˝ľÉ¨đ^Ś˝BłÄAŢÍť¤í˝ľÉžÁ˝ĚžŞAJúŞÄAlŃĆŞdíˇé ÉČéĆAu٤ÁĨŻvĆžÁ˝BíŠéŠËBžŠçí˝ľÍA٤ÁĨ˘˝B_ÍťĚäSŠçí˝ľÉ¨^ŚÉČÁ˝Aí˝ľÍ¨đÁ˝Bí˝ľÍąąĹ¨đŚÄAeBR[KĹঽB
\\ May,
may ga no ni dey?
Who,
who did you buy them from?
NANŠçÁ˝ĚšŠB
M) Ay
man dey kal áfilaana*â ga. ** á***Filaanaâ ga ay ne ay dey. Ay ne mo faro dey áfilaanaâ ga, ay ne
hayni faro dey áfilaanaâ ga. Oho.
I
bought them from so-and-so* [Adamfs brother who shares the same father].
**[inaudible]*** [Making sure Adam and this older brother does in fact share the
same father] I said I bought them from so-and-so. I bought a rice field from
Adam and I also bought a pearl millet field from Adam. Mm.
í˝ľÍu^*kA_ĚŻŮęZílvŠçÁ˝B**kˇŤĆčsÂ\l***kA_ĆťĚZŞŻZíĹ éąĆđmFlu^vŠçÁ˝ĆžÁ˝ĚžBí˝ľÍA_Šçîcđ˘AgEWrG¨ŕA_ŠçÁ˝ĆžÁ˝B¤ŢB
\\ Ha.
Marje no?
Okay.
How much?
Í B˘çĹB
M) Mate
kaŋ ay ne ay dey?
How
much did I pay?
˘çĹÁ˝ŠÁÄB
\\ Oho.
faro.
Yes.
For the fields.
ŚŚB¨đB
M) Faro.
Fari fa, ay man dey kal zambar waranka cindi gu.
Fields.
One was 125,000 CFA franc.
¨BĐĆÂÍ125,000CFAtžB
\\ Ho.
Hmm.
٨B
M) Ifa,
zambar wey cindi iyye.
For
the other one, I paid 170,000 CFA franc.
ŕ¤ĐĆÂÍA170,000CFAtžB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
M) Ni
faham.
You
got it?
íŠÁ˝Š˘B
\\ Kal
de ni dey wey-wey, ni man go, ni man goy da ni wone ba afo.
Until
you bought them, did you not have any fields where you worked?
ťęçđ¤ÜĹA Č˝Í Č˝Ş¨đĐĆÂŕŕÁĢȊÁ˝ńšŠB
M) Ba
ifo. Ay sinda ba ay bumbo wone fo.
Even
one. I didnft have a single field of my own.
˝žĚĐĆÂŕBí˝ľÍAí˝ľŠgĚŕĚđ˝žĚĐĆÂŕŕÁĢȊÁ˝B
\\ Huun.
Ayyo.
Huh.
Is that so?
Ó¤ńBť¤ČńšŠB
M) Un.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ Sanga
de.., Adamu no ka ni zamba no?
So
does that mean Adam deceived you?
ÂÜčAA_Ş Č˝đéxľ˝ńšŠB
M) Adamu
ka ay zamba.
Adam
deceived me.
A_Şí˝ľđéxľ˝ĚžB
\\ Ha.
Huh.
Í B
M) Adamu
ka ay zamba. To, ga ti hano kaŋ hane, gan da amiir wo ka ka bonkoynitara di, ay
mo boro kul kaŋ ga ay hina, ay si koy a bande.
Adam
deceived me. Right. So when he and the current chief tried to get the position
of chief, I said I would not back anyone who would try to make me obey him.
A_Şí˝ľđéxľ˝Bť¤AťęĹŢĆťńˇŞńˇĘđŚć¤Ćľ˝ĆŤAí˝ľÍAí˝ľđ]íšć¤Ćˇé çäéŇĚăëÉsŠČ˘ĆžÁ˝B
\\ Huun.
Huh.
Ó¤ńB
M) Manti
ni faham.
Do
you understand?
íŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
understand.
íŠčÜľ˝B
M)[89] Fuliyande
gungo wo, dumi hinka no. Gorɲo-haama, Fawru-haama.
This place, Fuliyande, is made up of two dumis: Gornyo-haama and
Fawro-haama.
ąątAfÍA2ÂĚhD~žBSjEn[}Ćt@EEn[}B
\\ Hawro-haama?
You
mean Hawro-haama?
nEEn[}šŠB
M) Fawru-haama.
Fawr-haama.
t@EEn[}žB
\\ Fawro-haama?
Is
it Fawro-haama?
t@EEn[}šŠB
M) Oho.
I dumi hinka din no. Oho. Gorɲo-haamey ke, gey ti bonkoyni-izey. Ni faham.
Hmm.
These two dumis. Hmm. Gornyo-haamey is the chieffs family. You understand?
¤ŢBąęç2ÂĚhD~žB¤ŢBSjEn[CÍƢ¤ĆAŢçÍńˇę°žBíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
understand.
íŠčܡB
M) Oho.
To, Fawro-haamey mo, i windo no M.S. yoŋ no. Wo-ne Fawro-haamey windo no wo-ne.
Hmm.
Now, as for Fawro-haamey, their compound is at MSfs. Thatfs Fawro-haameyfs compound.
¤ŢBłÄAt@EEn[CÍƢ¤ĆAťĚŽ~ÍM.S.[90]˝żĚĆąëžB ęŞt@EEn[CĚŽ~žB
\\ E,
ya-din ga M.S. mo Fawro-haamey no?
Letfs
see. So is MS Fawro-haamey?
ŚŚĆAžŠçM.S.Ít@EEn[CšŠB
M) Fawro-haama
no. Oho.
He
is Fawro-haamey. Right.
t@EEn[CžB¤ŢB
\\ Ya-din
ga H.M. mo da N.K. mo.
So
HA and NK are, too.
žŠçH.A.ŕAN.K.[91]ŕB
M) Oho.
Fawro-haama no. Oho.
Right.
They are Fawro-haama. Hmm.
¤ŢAt@EEn[}žB¤ŢB
\\ Da
ni ya Gorɲo-haamey no.
And
are you Gornyo-haamey?
ťęĆA Č˝ÍSjEn[CČńšŠB
M) Oho.
Ay wo, dumi hinka no.
Hmm.
I belong to two dumis.
¤ŢBí˝ľĚhD~Í2žB
\\ Un?
Yeah.
¤ńB
M) Ay
ɲa Fawru-haama no. Ni faham. Ay
baaba Gorɲo-haama no. Oho. Ya-din no.
My
mother is Fawro-haama. You understand? My father is Gornyo-haama. Hmm. Thatfs
right.
í˝ľĚęÍt@EEn[}žBíŠéŠ˘Bí˝ľĚÍSjEn[}žB¤ŢBť¤ČĚžB
\\ Ha
ha ha. Da S.L., S.L. ya Gorɲo-haama no wala Fawro...
I
see. What about Seib? Is Seib Gornyo-haama or Fawro-c.
ÍAÍAÍBĹÍAZCu[92]ÍBZCuÍSjEn[}ČńšŠAťęĆŕt@EcB
M) Fawro-haama
no. Amma i gonda Gorŋo, Gorɲo here ce. Kaayo, Gorɲo-haama no. Oho. Kaayo Gorɲo-haama no.
He
is Fawro-haamey. But they also have origins in Gorgo, Gornyo. Their ancestors
were Gornyo-haama. Right. Their ancestors were Gornyo-haama.
t@EEn[CžBŻęÇŢçÍSSASj¤ĚNšŕŕÁĢéBcćŞSjEn[}žB¤ŢBcćŞSjEn[}žB
\\ Un.
Kaaga, a hun Gorɲo-haama no. Da T.K? Ya-din ga K.S..
Hmm.
Their ancestors were originally Gornyo-haama, I see. Then what about TK? I mean
KS?
ÓŢBcćŞSjEn[}ogČńšËBťęĹAT.K[93].ÍBÂÜčK.S.[94]ÍB
M) Aa?
Mm?
ńB
\\ T.K.
What
about TK?
T.K.B
M) T.K..
Fawru-haama no.
TK.
He is Fawru-haama.
T.K.Bt@EEn[}žB
\\ Nda
a ga hiiji da A.S..
Then
he married AS.
ĹAA.S.[95]ĆĽľ˝ĆB
M) Oho.
Gorɲo-haama no.
Right.
[AS is] Gornyo-haama.
¤ŢBkA.S.ÍlSjEn[}žB
\\ Oho.
A, ya-din no. Ay man a bey. To, Fuliyande ra Gorɲo-haama go no, Fawro-haama go no.
Ha.
Is that so? I didnft know that. Now, there are Gornyo-haama and Fawro-haama in
Fuliyande.
Ó¤ńB ť¤ČńšŠBmčÜšńĹľ˝ćBłÄAtAfÉÍSjEn[}Ćt@EEn[}Ş˘éB
\\ To,
nda sohoŋ, e, Boŋooga ya, Boŋooga ra..
Now,
next, letfs see, what about Bongooga, Bongooga?
ĹÍAĄxÍAŚŚĆA{S[KA{S[KÍǤžĺ¤B
M) Boŋooga
Gorɲo-haama de no go no kal de
Hawsancey.
In
Bongooga, there is only Gornyo-haama except for the Hausa.
{S[KÍAnETđĚźŻÎASjEn[}žŻŞ éB
\\ Ikkul
Gorɲo-haama no?
Is
everyone Gornyo-haama there?
ÝČSjEn[}ČńšŠB
M) Un.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ Da
Tikooga?
What
about Tikooga?
ĹÍeBR[KÍB
M) Tikooga.
Fawro-haama no go Tikooga. Un.
Tikooga.
In Tikooga, there is Fawro-haama. Hmm.
eBR[KBeBR[KÉÍt@EEn[}Ş éB¤ŢB
\\ E,
ya-din ga Tikoga ra Gorɲo-haamey i si no?
I
mean, so is there no Gornyo-haamey in Tikooga?
ŚŚĆAžŠçeBR[KÉÍSjEn[C͢ȢńšŠB
M) A
si no.
There
isnft.
˘Č˘B
\\ A
si no.
There
isnft?
˘Č˘ńšŠB
M) Un.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ Oho.
Ay faham. Nda sohoŋ... Gurawa jina. Gurawa.
Ha.
I see. Then c, first, what about Guraawa, Guraawa?
ÖŚBíŠčÜľ˝BťęĹÍcAܸO[AO[ÍǤžĺ¤B
M) Guraawa
Bonda-haama yoŋ no.
Guraawa
just has Bonda-haama.
O[Í{_En[}˝żžB
\\ Bonda-haama
yoŋ. Borey kul Bonda-haama yoŋ no?
Is
it Bonda-haama? Are they all Bonda-haama?
{_En[}˝żČńšŠBÝČ{_En[}˝żČńšŠB
M) Guraawa
borey kul Bonda-haama yoŋ no.
Everyone
in the Guraawa settlement is Bonda-haama.
O[WĚlÔÍÝČ{_En[}˝żžB
\\ Ho.
Ya-din no. Doŋ, doŋ borey Bonda-haamey yoŋ mo, Fawro-haamey yoŋ mo, Gorɲo-haamey mo, e, i goyda, e, fo no
i ga ne, i goyda baaba, i goyda baaba fo?
Ha.
Is that so? Letfs see, a long time ago, were Bonda-haamey, Fawro-haamey, and
Gornyo-haamey, letfs see. How should I put it? Do they all share the same
father?
ÖŚBť¤ČńšŠBŚŚĆAĚÍA{_En[CŕAt@EEn[CŕASjEn[CŕAŚŚĆA˝Ć˘ŚÎ˘˘ĚšŠËAĐĆÂČĚšŠB
M) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ Wal
i sinda?
Or
do they not have one?
ťęĆŕ˘Č˘ĹˇŠB
M) O,
guna Bonda-haamey din, manti kal gey wone nda isa, Isa-koyey no.
Ah,
you see, Bonta-haamey is c, the river belongs to them. They are the owners of
the river.
A ĚËA{_En[CÍËAěÍŢçĚŕĚČńžAŢçÍěĚĺžB
\\ A,
Bonda-haamey.
Ah,
Bonda-haamey.
A{_En[CB
M) Guraawa
borey.
People
in Guraawa.
O[ĚlÔB
\\ Ho,
isa.
Ha,
the river.
٨AěB
M) Isa,
gey no, wone nda, gey, ha kaŋ go a ra kul, i woney. Heri kaŋ go isa ra kul i
woney.
The
river belongs to them, them. Everything in the river belongs to them.
Everything in the river belongs to them.
ěÍAŢçĚAŢçĚŕĚžAěĚČŠÉ éŕ̡×ÄŞŢçĚŕĚžBěĚČŠÉ éŕ̡×ÄŢçĚŕĚžB
\\ Ho.
Hay kaŋ go isa ra kul gey wone?
Ha.
Everything in the river belongs to them, huh?
٨BěĚČŠÉ éŕ̡×ÄŞŢçĚŕĚČńšŠB
M) Gey
wone no. Un. Da hay fo dere ni se haro ra sohoŋ, danga jiney fo dere ni se haro
ra sohoŋ wala ni hiyo no mun isa ra, kul ni ga koy har i se. I ga ka ka miri ka
koy ganda ka guna, i ga di, i ga kand'a.
Everything
belongs to them. Right. If you lose something in the water, for example, if
your boat sinks in the river, you go talk to them. They swim to the bottom of
the river, look for it, find it, and bring it to you.
ŢçĚŕĚžB¤ŢBŕľNŞ˝Šđ
ĚČŠĹČľ˝çA˝ĆŚÎNĚ{[gŞěĹžńĹľÜÁ˝çANÍŢçÉbÉsBŢçÍöÁÄěęɢŤAťęđTľÄAŠÂŻÄAŕÁÄŤÄęéB
\\ Ho.
Ya-din ga fo no i ga ne, e, Do.
Ha.
So what is it called? Letfs see. Are they Do?
٨BžŠçČńĆž¤ńĹľ˝ÁŻAŚŚĆAh[šŠB
M) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ E.
Guraawa borey kul ga Do no?
Letfs
see, is everyone in Guraawa Do?
ŚŚĆAO[ĚlÔÍÝČh[ČńšŠB
M) Oho.
Thatfs
right.
ť¤žB
\\ Un.
ha, ha, ha, ha. Da, a, Saaba.
Ha.
Hm, hm, hm. And Ifd like to ask you about the Saaba settlement next.
ÖŚBÍAÍAÍBťęĹAÉT[oWČńšŞB
M) Saaba.
Saaba din, ga mo kunda hinza no a ra.
The
Saaba settlement. In the Saaba settlement, there are three groups (kunda hinza
n a ra).
T[oWBťĚT[oWÉÍA3ÂĚWcŞ é(N_EqUEi[)B
\\ "Kunda
hinze naa ra"? Haamey maayo no?
gKunda,
Hinza, Naara.h Are they the names of someonefs descendents?
uN_EqUEi[vBqˇ˝żĚźOšŠB
M) Gorɲo-haamey go a ra. Hun?
First,
there is Gornyo-haamey. Hmm.
ܸSjEn[CŞ˘éBÓńB
\\ Ha.
Okay.
Í B
M) Fawro-haamey
go a ra. Urufa-borey go a ra.
There
is Fawro-haamey. There is Urufa-borey.
t@EEn[CŞ˘éBEt@E{CŞ˘éB
\\ Urufa,
haamey?
Urufa-c,
haamey.
Et@cAn[CB
M) Oho.
Urufa-borey.
Hmm.
Itfs Urufa-borey.
¤ŢAEt@E{CžB
\\ Urufa-borey.
Urufa-borey... Urufa ya maayo kaŋ go ya-hare wala?
Urufa-borey.
Urufa-borey c. Isnft Urufa the name of the place over there?
Et@E{CBEt@E{CcBEt@ĆÍ ťąĚźOĹÍ čÜšńŠB
M) Oho.
To, i borey go no. I borey go no, i borey, i, i kuk, i kuunda go no Saaba din
ra. Ni faham.
Ah,
right. Those people are there. Those people are there. Th---, all of those
people c, that group is in Saaba. You understand? Yeah. Right. Those people are
there. Those people are there. Th---, all of those people c, that group is in
Saaba. You see?
Bť¤AťĚlŃĆŞ˘éĚžBťĚlŃĆŞ˘éAťAťĚlŃĆÝČcAťĚWcŞ ĚT[oÉÍ éĚžBíŠéËB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
see.
íŠčÜľ˝B
M) E,
Ni man di Saaba gonda bonkoyni fo ya-hare kaŋ, manti ir wona.
Well,
do you know Saaba has another chief on that side? The chief thatfs not ours?
ŚŚĆAT[oÍ żç¤Éŕ¤ĐĆčĚńˇđŕÁĢéąĆđmÁĢéŠËBí˝ľ˝żĚŕĚĹÍȢB
\\ Ha,
ha, ha.
Hm,
hm, hm.
ÍAÍAÍB
M) Gaarokoyre
Teera.
In
Gaarokoyre Tera.
K[RCEe[B
\\ Oho,
Teera. Oho, oho, oho.
Oh,
Tera. Yes, yes, yes.
Ae[B͢A͢A͢B
M) To,
Urufa-borey no no-here.
Right.
Urufa-borey is on that side.
ť¤Aťżç¤ÍEt@E{CžB
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
M) Oho.
Wey-din Urufa-boro yoŋ no.
Hmm.
They are Urufa-boro.
¤ŢBťęçÍEt@E{˝żžB
\\ Urufa-boro.
Ya-din ga boro kaŋ ga fatta Urufa ka goro ya-hare.
Urufa-boro.
So these are the people who decided to leave Urufa to live over there?
Et@E{BÂÜčAEt@đoÄ żçÉZŢąĆÉľ˝lŃĆČńšËB
M) Ka
goro ya-hare.
They
are the people who decided to live over there.
żçÉZŢąĆÉľ˝lŃĆ̹ƞ.
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
M) Amma
Kurtey yoŋ no.
But
they are Kurtey.
žŞNeC˝żžB
\\ A,
ikul Kurtey yoŋ no?
Oh,
are they all Kurtey?
AÝČNeC˝żČńšŠB
M) Ikul
Kurtey yoŋ no.
They
are all Kurtey.
ÝČNeC˝żžB
\\ Ya-din
no. Ni si farga?
Is
that so? Are you tired?
ť¤ČńšŠB¨ćꚊB
M) Un.
Hmm.
ÓŢB
\\ Ni
si farga?
Are
you tired?
¨ćꚊB
M) Ay
si.
No.
˘˘âB
\\ To,
sohoŋ ay ga ba ka hã, to, ya-din ga Gorɲo-haamey. Gorɲo-haamey ya, Gorɲo. Gorɲo na sintin ka te Gorɲo-haamey wala? Ya-din ga Gorɲo-haamey izey ya kul Gor, e,baaba
baaba baaba baaba da baaba, ga te Gorɲo no. Wala? To, ya-din ga za Gorɲo kal de ni, ay ga ba ka bey mate
cine boro ga, fo no i ga ne, boro ga sey ka sey ka sey.
Now,
what Ifd like to ask you about next is, now, so, about Gornyo-haamey,
Gornyo-haamey; Gornyo, a person named Gornyo started Gornyo-haamey, right? So
everyone in the Gornyo-haamey family, I mean, their great-great-great
grandfather is Gornyo, right? Is that right? Now, if thatfs the case, Ifd like
to know how people from Gornyo to those in your generationc, how can I put it,
how they descended.
łÄAɨ˝¸Ëľ˝˘ĚÍAłÄAšŠçSjEn[CASjEn[CÍASjASjƢ¤lŞSjEn[CđÂčÍśß˝ńšćËBžŠçSjEn[CĚę°ÍÝČAŚŚĆAĚĚĚĚŞSjČńĹšćËBť¤ĹˇćËBłÄAƢ¤ąĆšŠçí˝ľÍSjŠç Ƚ̢ăɢ˝éÜĹĚ ˘žÉÇĚć¤ÉlŞcAČńƢ˘Üľĺ¤ŠAŞŠęĢÁ˝ĚŠđm轢ĚšB
M) Oho.
Dumo ma sey ka ba. Guna, Gorɲo-haamey wey, i kaayey...
Ah,
you mean how the family descended and grew in number? Listen, the ancestors of
Gornyo-haamey c.
Ae°ŞÇĚć¤ÉŞŠęÄŚ˝ŠĆ˘¤ąĆŠB˘˘ŠËASjEn[CĚc潿ÍcB
\\ I
kaayey. Un.
Their
ancestors. All right.
ŢçĚc潿BŚŚB
M) Man
tun kal za, Gorɲo wo Beegun no na hay.
At
the beginning, this person named Gornyo sired Beegun.
ťĚo_ÍAąĚSj[96]Ƣ¤l¨Íx[OđYńžB
\\ Beegun
izo ya Gorɲo no?
Is
Beegunfs child Gornyo?
x[OĚqŞSjČńšŠB
M) Oho.
Beegun, Gorɲo.
Hmm.
Beegun, Gornyo.
¤ŢBx[OASjB
\\ Beegun
Gorɲo.
Beegun
Gornyo.
x[OESjB
M) Oho.
Beegun Gorɲo.
Right.
Beegun Gornyo.
¤ŢAx[OESjB
\\ Beegun
Gorɲo. Un. Huhun. Nda?
Beegun
Gornyo. All right. Then?
x[OESjBŚŚAťęĹB
M) Gorɲo, Isa ti baabo.
Gornyofs
father is Isa.
SjĚÍCTB
\\ Gorɲo baaba ya, Isa?
Gornyofs
father is Isa.
SjĚŞCTB
M) Isa.
Isa.
CTB
\\ Gorɲo go no, Gorɲo izo ya Beegun no?
There
was Gornyo c, and Gornyofs child is Beegun, right?
SjŞ˘ÄcASjĚqŞx[OČńšćËB
M) Oho.
Yeah.
B
\\ A
booli?
Am
I right?
ÁÄܡŠB
M) Un.
Beegun Gorɲo.
Hmm.
Beegun Gornyo.
¤ŢBx[OESjB
\\ Beegun
Gorɲo.
Beegun
Gornyo.
x[OESjB
M) Oho.
Isa Beegun. Ni hantum Isa Beegun?
Hmm.
Isa Beegun. Did you write down Isa Beegun?
¤ŢBCTEx[OBCTEx[OƢ˝Š˘B
\\ Oho,
oho.
Yes,
I did.
ŚŚAŚŚB
M) To,
Beegun Gorɲo.
All
right. Beegun Gornyo.
ćľAx[OESjB
\\ To,
e, ay ga hantum koyne.
Yes,
letfs see, I will write it down one more time.
͢AŚŚĆAŕ¤ęńŤÜˇB
M) Ayyo.
Oh
yeah?
ť¤ŠB
\\ Sintinay,
e.
First,
letfs see.
ܸAŚŚĆB
M) Isa.
Isa.
CTB
\\ Isa,
ay hantum.
I
got Isa.
CTÍŤÜľ˝B
M) Isa
Beegun.
Isa
Beegun.
CTEx[OB
\\ To.
Right.
ŚŚB
M) Beegun
Gorɲo.
Beegun
Gornyo.
x[OESjB
\\ Beegun
Gorɲo.
Beegun
Gornyo.
x[OESjB
M) Gorɲo Siyaaka.
Gornyo
Siyaaka.
SjEXB[JB
\\ Siyaaka.
Siyaaka.
XB[JB
M) Siyaaka
Haŋadumbu.
Siyaaka
Hangadumbu.
XB[JEnKhDu
\\ Haŋadumbu.
Huhun.
Hangadumbu.
All right.
nKhDuBŚŚB
M) Oho.
Haŋadumbu din, ay si baabo bey.
Thatfs
right. I donft know who Hangadumbufs father was.
ť¤žBnKhDuĚeÍmçȢB
\\ Uhun.
Haŋadumbu ya man boro no? Za doŋ...
Ha.
Where was Hangadumbu from? A long time ago c.
Ó¤ńBnKhDuÍÇąĚlČńšŠBĚĚcB
M) Za
doŋ borey no.
Someone
from a long time ago.
ĚĚlžB
\\ Un,
za doŋ a go ne da Fuliyande, Gaarokowaara ya-hare?
No.
I mean, a long time ago, was this person in Fuliyande? Or was he in the
Gaarokuwaara Island over there?
¤¤ńAĚąĚlÍtAfɢ˝ńšŠA ÁżÉ éK[N[šŠB
M) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ Gungo
ra?
Was
he in that Island?
ĚšŠB
M) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ Ya-din
ga Kurutey no?
So
he is Kurtey.
žŠçNeCČńšËB
M) Oho.
Kurtey no.
Hmm.
He is Kurtey.
¤ŢBNeCžB
\\ Ha,
ha, ha.
Hm,
hm, hm.
ÍAÍAÍB
M) To,
Beegun din.
Now,
as for Beegun.
łÄAąĚx[OžŞB
\\ Gorɲo?
You
mean Gornyo?
SjšŠB
M) Beegun.
No,
Beegun.
x[OžB
\\ Beegun.
Beegun.
x[OB
M) Oho.
A hay ize boobo.
Right.
He had many children.
ť¤žBŢÍ˝łńqđYńžB
\\ Beegun
ga, a hay ize boobo. Uhun.
Beegun
had many children. Okay.
x[OÍA˝łńqđYńžB͢B
M) Ize
jina Isa. Wala?
The
eldest son was Isa, right?
ˇjŞCTžćČB
\\ Ize
jina Isa. Oho.
The
eldest son was Isa. Okay.
ˇjŞCTB͢B
M) Isa
banda, a hay Hiri.
After
Isa, he had Hiri.
CTĚAq[97]đśńžB
\\ Hayhili?
Haihiri.
nCqB
M) Hiri.
Itfs
Hiri.
qžB
\\ Hili?
Hiri.
qčB
M) Hiri.
Itfs
Hiri.
qžB
\\ Hiri.
Itfs
Hiri.
qšËB
M) Oho.
Ay kaay no wo-din Hiri.
Right.
Hiri is my ancestor [= grandfather].
¤ŢBąĚqŞí˝ľĚcćkclžB
\\ Oho.
Hili.
Oh,
Hiri is.
AqčŞB
M) Hiri.
Yes,
Hiri.
qžB
\\ Hiri.
Un. Isa go no, Hiri go no?
Hiri.
Okay. So there was Isa, then there was Hiri?
qĆB͢BťęĹCTŞ˘ÄAqŞ˘˝ńšŠB
M) A
hay Sandaari.
He
sired Sandaari.
ŢÍT_[[98]đYńžB
\\ Sandaari.
Sandaari.
T_[B
M) Oho.
Tabba kaayi no wo din.
Right.
Hefs TDfs ancestor.
¤ŢBT.D.[99]ĚcćžB
\\ Tabba
kaay no.
TDfs
ancestor is c.
T.D.ĚcćŞB
M) Un.
Sandaari.
Right.
Sandaari.
¤ŢBT_[žB
\\ Oho.
All
right.
͢B
M) A
hay Beybey.
He
sired Beibei.
ŢÍxCxC[100]đYńžB
\\ Beybey?
Beibei?
xCxCšŠB
M) B.H.
kaay no wo-ne.
He
is BHfs ancestor [= grandfather].
ŢÍB.H.ĚcćkclžB
\\ Ho.
Okay.
٨B
M) A
hay Buɲo.
He
sired Bunyo.
ŢÍujđYńžB
\\ Buɲo.
Bunyo.
ujB
M) Un.
Buɲo wo izo wey yoŋ no a du, boro
hinka no.
Hmm.
Bunyo had two girls.
¤ŢBujÍĚqđ2lŚ˝ĚžB
\\ Boro
hinka.
Two
girls.
2lđB
M) Un.
I ga ne ifa se Meyya.
Right.
One was named Meiya.
ť¤žB1lÍCĆž¤B
\\ Meyya.
Meiya.
Okay.
CšËB
M) Ifa
mo ay si bey, a, Hawwa.
The
other one was, letfs see, oh, Hawwa.
ŕ¤ęlÍAŚŚĆA AnbžB
\\ Hawwa.
Hawwa.
nbšËB
M) Un.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ Weyboro
no?
They
are women, right?
ŤČńšËB
M) Weyboro
hinka no.
Two
females.
2lžB
\\ Wey
boro hinka no a hay.
He
sired two females.
2lđśńžĆB
M) A
du.
He
got them.
Ś˝ĚžB
\\ A
du. Huhun. Isa, Hiri, Sandaari, e, Beybey, Buɲo.
He
got them. I see. Isa, Hiri, Sandaari, letfs see, Beibei, Bunyo.
Ś˝ĆBÓŢÓŢBCTAqAT_[AŚŚĆAxCxCAujB
M) Oho.
To, a hay Muusa.
Thatfs
right. Now, he sired Musa.
ť¤žBłÄAŢÍ[T[101]đśńžB
\\ Muusa.
Musa.
[TB
M) Muusa,
Hamma Hammadu kaayi no.
Musa
is Hamma Amadoufs ancestor.
[TÍAn}EA}hD[102]ĚcćžB
\\ Hamma?
Hamma?
n}šŠB
M) Hammadu,
kaŋ go Ɲamey, kaŋ ti "parmier-ministor", wo-din.
Itfs
Hammadou in Niamey, the Prime Minister.
jAɢén}hDAuńv̹ƞB
\\ Ho,
Hamma Amadu.
Ha.
Hamma Amadou.
ÖŚAn}EA}hDB
M) Oho.
A kaayi no ti Muusa.
Thatfs
right. His ancestor is Musa.
ť¤žBťĚcćŞ[TžB
\\ Oho,
ay faham. Hammadu kaayi. Ya-din ga Hamma Amadu Muusa no?
Ha.
I see. He is Hammadoufs ancestor. So is that Hamma Amadou Musa?
ÖŚBíŠčÜľ˝Bn}hDĚcćČńšËBžŠçAn}EA}hDE[TšŠB
M) Un.
Muusa ti kaayi.
Right.
Musa is his ancestor.
¤ŢB[TŞcćžB
\\ Amadu
Muusa ya Hamma Amadu baaba no?
Is
Amadou Musa Hamma Amadoufs father?
A}hDE[TŞn}EA}hDĚČĚšŠB
M) Ee?
Huh?
ŚB
\\ Amadu
Muusa. Amadu Muusa ti...
Amadou
Musa. Is Amadou Musa c.
A}hDE[TBA}hDE[TŞcB
M) Hamma
Hammadu.
Itfs
Hamma Hammadou.
n}Enb}hDžB
\\ Hamma
Ammadu.
Hamma
Ammadou.
n}EAb}hDB
M) Oho.
A kaayi, a kaayi no ka ti Muusa.
Right.
His ancestor, his ancestor is Musa.
ť¤žBťĚcćAťĚcćŞ[TČĚžB
\\ Ya-din
ga Muusa Beegun ga ti ga kaaga.
So
a person named Musa Beegun is his ancestor.
žŠç[TEx[OƢ¤lŞcćČńšËB
M) Ga
kaaga.
His
ancestor.
ťĚcćB
\\ Uhun.
Hmm.
ÓŢB
M) Baabo
baaba.
His
fatherfs father.
ĚB
\\ Baabo
baaba.
His
fatherfs father.
ĚB
M) Ga
ti Muusa.
Thatfs
Musa.
ťęŞ[TB
\\ Huun.
Ha.
Ó¤ńB
\\ Amma
Isa ga ti bonkoyni wala?
But
Isa was the chief, right?
ŻęÇACTŞńˇČńšćËB
M) Oho,
Isa ga ti bonkoyni jina.
Right.
Isa was the first chief.
¤ŢACTŞăńˇžB
\\ Ha.
Ha.
ÍB
M) A
banda, Hiri.
Then
it was Hiri.
ťĚăŞqžB
\\ A.
Waato kaŋ Isa bu, Hiri ga ti, bonkoyni.
Ah.
After Isa died, Hiri became the chief.
BCTŞńžăÍAqŞńˇB
M) Bonkoyni.
Waato kaŋ Hiri bu, Sandaari, a ga te Bonkoyni. Waato kaŋ Sandaari bu, Diriisu
Isa. Diriisu din, Isa ize no.
The
chief. After Hiri died, Sandaari became the chief. After Sandaari died, Diris
Isa became the chief. Diris was Isafs child.
ńˇBqŞńžăAT_[ŞńˇÉČÁ˝BT_[ŞńžăAfB[XECT[103]ŞńˇÉČÁ˝BąĚfB[XÍCTĚqžB
\\ Diriisu.
Diris.
fB[XB
M) Un.
Diriisu ti..., e, Kudi yoŋ baaba. Kudi manti ni ga bey?
Right.
Diris is c, let me see, Kudi and those guysf father. You know Kudi, donft you?
¤ŢBfB[XÍcAŚŚĆANfB[104]˝żĚežBNfBĚąĆÍmÁĢéËB
\\ Kudi.
Ay si a bey. E.
Kudi?
I donft know him. Um c.
NfBšŠBmčÜšńËBŚŚĆB
M) Wo
da Buuba yoŋ baaba wo.
He
is the father of Buba and other guys there.
ťąĚu[o[105]˝żĚežB
\\ Kudi?
Buuba? A, o, Buuba baaba.
Kudi?
Bubafs father. Ha. Oh, Bubafs father.
NfBšŠBu[oĚšŠB A¨¨Au[oĚeB
M) Oho,
ga ti Kudi. Oho. Cirɲi no i ga ne a se.
Right.
Thatfs Kudi. He was also known as Chilni.
¤ŢAťęŞNfBžB`jBĆŕžíęĢ˝B
\\ Nhun.
I
see.
ČéŮÇB
M) Oho,
Cirɲi.
Right,
Chilni.
¨¨A`jBžB
\\ A,
Cirɲi mo Kudi mo ikkul afo no.
Oh,
are Chilni and Kudi the same [name]?
A`jBŕNfB௜kźOlČńšŠB
M) Oho.
Ikkul afo. Oho, Cirɲi din, Diriisu ize no.
Right.
They are the same. Hmm. Chilni is Dirisfs child.
A¨ČśžB¤ŢBąĚ`jBŞAfB[XĚqžB
\\ Ha.
Ha.
ÍB
M) Oho.
Waato Sandaari bu, Diriisu no ti bonkoyni. Oho
Hmm.
After Sandaari died, Diris became the chief. Hmm.
¤ŢBT[_[ŞńžăAfB[XŞńˇÉČÁ˝B¤ŢB
\\ Ay
faham. Da Diriisu banda?
I
see. And after Diris?
íŠčÜľ˝BťęĹAfB[XĚăÍB
M) Diriisu
kaŋ a bu, a gonda ize aru beeri fo, kaŋ se i ga ne a se Alzuma.
After
Diris died, he had an older son named Alzuma.
fB[XŞńžĆŤAŢÉÍAY}[106]Ƣ¤NˇĚ§qŞ˘˝B
\\ Alzuma.
Alzuma.
AY}šŠB
M) Oho,
Alzuma no te bonkoyni.
Right.
Alzuma became the chief.
¤ŢBAY}ŞńˇÉČÁ˝B
\\ Ha.
Alzuma Diriisu.
Ha.
Alzuma Diris.
ÖŚBAY}EfB[XB
M) Oho.
Alzuma din kaŋ a bu, a gonda ize aru beeri fo, kaŋ se i ga ne a se Dulla., Dulla.
no te bonkoyni.
Right.
When Alzuma died, he had an older son named Dulla, so Dulla became the chief.
¤ŢBąĚAY}ŞńžĆŤAŢÍhDb[107]Ƣ¤NˇĚ§qŞ˘ÄAhDbŞńˇÉČÁ˝B
\\ Ya-din
ga Dulla., a, Dulla*..
So
Dulla, oh, Dulla* [using a different name to refer to the father]
ÂÜčhDbA AhDbŠ*kĚźđž˘Č¨ˇlB
M) Dulla..
Dulla.
hDbB
\\ Huhun.
I
see.
ÓŢÓŢB
M) Oho.
Dulla bu,Sandi, a te bonkoyni.
Hmm.
Dulla died, and then Sandi became the chief.
¤ŢBhDbŞńĹATfB[108]ŞńˇÉČÁ˝B
\\ Ho.
Ya-din ga Dulla keyna no.
Ha.
So Dullafs brother.
٨BÂÜčhDbĚíšËB
M) O,
Dulla keyna yoŋ no.
Right.
One of Dullafs brothers.
¤ŢAhDbĚíĚĐĆčžB
\\ Huhun.
Ga ti bonkoyni. To, Sandi banda?
I
see. He became the chief. Now, what about after Sandi?
ÓŢÓŢBŢŞńˇBłÄATfBĚăÍB
M) Sandi
go no sohoŋ, Sandi no go no sohoŋ.
Sandi
is still there, you know. Sandi is still there.
TfBÍĄŕ˘éžë¤ATfBÍĄŕ˘éłB
\\ Oho.
Ay faham. Huun. Ay ga miile, ya-din no, ay faham. N? Cirɲi. Oho. Sandaari. Diriisa Isa.
Oh,
I see. Ha. I just thought c. I see. I understand. Wait. Chilni. Oh, Sandaari.
Diris Isa.
BíŠčÜľ˝BÖŚBí˝ľÍÄÁŤčAť¤ČńšËAíŠčÜľ˝B ęB`jBB AT_[BfB[TECTB
M) Diriisu
Isa, Isa Beegun, Hiri Beegun, Sandaari Beegun, Beybey Beegun, Buɲo Beegun, Muusa Beegun.
Diris
Isa, Isa Beegun, Hiri Beegun, Sandaari Beegun, Beibei Beegun, Bunyo Beegun,
Musa Beegun.
fB[XECTACTEx[OAqEx[OAT_[Ex[OAxCxCEx[OAujEx[OA[TEx[OB
\\ Muusa
Beegun.
Musa
Beegun.
[TEx[OB
M) Amma
Beegun izey i ga ba, jerey ay si i bey.
But
Beegun has so many children I donft know the rest.
žŞx[OĚqͨ¨ˇŹÄAĚąčÍí˝ľŕmçȢB
\\ Huun.
Ay faham.
Really.
All right.
ÖŚBíŠčÜľ˝B
\\ A.
Isa Beegun. A gonda gaabi?
Letfs
see. Did Isa Beegun have power?
ŚŚĆBCTEx[OÍAÍđŕÁĢ˝ńšŠB
M) A
gonda gaabi. E, Isa Beegun, boro no kaŋ a gonda "darza".
He
had power. Well, Isa Beegun had gdalza [prestige, metaphor for magical
powers].h
ÍđÁĢ˝BŚŚĆACTEx[OÍAu_UkźşAôÍĚBęlvđŕÁĢ˝ńžB
\\ Darza?
A gonda darza?
Dalza?
He had dalza.
_UšŠB_UđŕÁĢ˝B
M) Amma
gaabi wo, Hiri Beegun ga no te gaabi nda Beegun izey kul.
But
when it comes to power, Hiri Beegun had the strongest power of all Beegunfs
children.
ľŠľÍÍƢŚÎAqEx[OŞx[OĚq˝żĚČŠĹęÔŕÁĢ˝B
\\ Ho.
Ya-din no. E, darza? Darza ti fo no? A, ay faham. Maayo. Ma*.
Ha.
Is that so? Let me see. You said gdalza.h What is dalza? *[looks up the word in
a dictionary] Oh, I see. It means name, name.
٨Bť¤ČńšŠBŚŚĆA_UšŞA_UĆÍČńšŠB*kŤĹTˇl AíŠčÜľ˝BźOšËAźOB
M) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ A
maayo kul ga a bey.
It
means everyone knows his name.
ŢĚźOđÝČŞmÁĢéĆž¤ąĆB
M) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ Amma
wiza, Hiri. A goyda gaabi.
But
it was actually Hiri. He had power.
ľŠľśÁł˘ÉÍAqBŢŞÍđÁĢ˝B
M) A
goyda gaabi. Oho
He
had power. Thatfs right.
ŢŞÍđÁĢ˝Bť¤žB
\\ Ho.
Ya-din no. E, tira kaŋ annasaara ka hantum...., Japon. Japon ra ay bey Isa
Beegun no.
Ha.
Is that right? Letfs see. On some paper written by a white c, right, Japan. I
knew the name Isa Beegun back in Japan.
٨Bť¤ČńšŠBŚŚĆAlŞ˘˝ÉÍcAť¤ú{Bú{Ĺŕí˝ľÍCTEx[OĚźOđmÁĢܾ˝B
M) Ayyo.
Did
you?
ť¤Š˘B
\\ Ka
hantum Isa Beegun. To, da a ne Isa Beegun waate, Kurtey borey ga koy kal de
beene.
[A
white] mentioned his name in some paper. Now, he [the white] said the people of
Kurtey had gone all the way up to the upstream [on the Niger River] during
Beegunfs time.
klŞlCTEx[OĚźOđ˘Ä˘˝ĚšBłÄťĚŢkllŞ˘¤ąĆÉÍAx[OĚăANeCĚlŃĆÍkjWF[ělăŹÉÜĹsÁĢ˝ť¤ĹˇB
M) Oho,
kal Maali.
Oh,
yeah. Up to Mali.
A}ÜĹËB
\\ Unhun.
A, ka du, fo no i ga ne, ka te ka wongu. Ka du...
Right.
And, letfs see, how should I put it? A war. To get [something] c.
ť¤ĹˇBťęĹAŚŚĆAČńĆžÁ˝çć˘ĚŠAíBk éŕĚđlŚé˝ßÉcB
M) Boro.
Oho, ka ka nonguriyo ka te banniya.
To
get people. Hmm. To bring them here and make them slaves.
lđžë¤B¤ŢAąąÉÂęÄŤÄAzęɡé˝ßžB
\\ Uhun.
Isa Beegun waate no?
Yes.
Was it during Isa Beegunfs time?
ť¤ĹˇBCTEx[OĚăČńšŠB
M) Isa
Beegun waate no.
It
was during Isa Beegunfs time.
CTEx[OĚăžB
\\ Ha.
Hiri waate mo war te ya-cine?
Ha.
Did you guys do the same during Hirifs time?
ÖŚBqĚăÉŕ Č˝Ş˝Íť¤ľÄ˘˝ńšŠB
M) Ay
si no ay wo.
I
wasnft there [at that time].
í˝ľÍkťĚăÉl˘ČŠÁ˝žë¤B
\\ Un.
Right.
ŚŚB
M) E,
Isa da Hiri kul, car bande no i tun.
Let
me see. Isa and Hiri. They grew up together.
ŚŚĆACTĆqÍžËAĆŕÉçÁ˝ńžB
\\ Ya-din
no. Waato kaŋ annasaara ka, Fulansi borey ka, may no ga bonkoyni no?
Did
they? When whites came, when the French came, who was the chief?
ť¤ČńšŠBlŞ˝ĆŤAtXlŞ˝ĆŤANŞńˇžÁ˝ńšŠB
M) Waato
Annsaarey ka? Isa Beegun no go bonkoyni.
When
whites came, Isa Beegun was the chief.
lŞ˝ĆŤBCTEx[OŞńˇžÁ˝B
\\ A,
Isa Beegun waate no.
Oh,
it was during Isa Beegunfs time.
ACTEx[OĚăžÁ˝ńšŠB
\\ A,
da Isa Beegun nda Deesa. Deesa Amiiru, i sinda dumitarey no?
Let
me see. So are Isa Beegun and Dessa, the chief of Dessa [canton] related?
ŚŚĆAťęĹCTEx[OĆf[TAf[TkĚJglńˇĆĚ ˘žÉe°ÖWÍȢĚšŠB
M) I
go.
They
are.
éB
\\ I
go. Mate cine?
They
are. How are they related?
éBÇńČӤɚŠB
M) Sohoŋ,
Deesa amiiru wo, Hassan Hamisatu, a wone Isa...
About
that, the chief of Dessa, Hassan Hamisatou, he c.
ťęÉ¢ÄÍƢ¤ĆAf[TńˇAnbTEn~TgDAŢÍcB
\\ E,
Hassan, e, baaba maayo fo no?
Letfs
see, Hassan. Letfs see, whatfs his fatherfs name?
ŚŚĆAnbTAŚŚĆA¨łńĚźOŞČńšŠB
M) I
si ne kal Hassan Hamma. Oho. To, Hassan Hamma din, Isa Beegun ize wey beero ga
no a ga hiiji.
His
name is Hassan Hamma. Hmm. Now, the daughter of Isa Beegun married Hassan
Hamma.
nbTEn}Ƣ¤B¤ŢBłÄAąĚnbTEn}žŞACTEx[OĚşŞŢĆĽľ˝B
\\ Isa
Beegun?
Isa
Beegunfs daughter.
CTEx[OĚB
M) Ize
wey beero kaŋ se i ga ne, Kadi.
Her
name is Kadi.
JfBĆž¤şžB
\\ Kadi.
Kadi.
Okay.
JfBšËB
M) Kadi
Isa.Ga no Hamm..., e, Hassan din ga hiiji, Hassan Hamma. OhoB
Kadi
Isa. She married Ham---, letfs see, Hassan, Hassan Hamma. Hmm.
JfBECTžBŢŞncAŚŚĆAnbTAnbTEn}ĆĽľ˝ĚžB¤ŢB
\\ Ho.
Ha.
٨B
M) Oho,
kaŋ ti bonkoyni, bonkoyno. Oho
Right.
She married him, the chief. Hmm.
¤ŢBńˇĹ éAŢĆžB¤ŢB
\\ Ha,
ha, ha. E. Ya-din no. Amma e, ay ga miile Deesa borey mo Fuliyande borey mo,
Garokoyre borey mo, ikkul Kurtey borey no.
Hm,
hm, hm. Well, is that so? But letfs see, to me, the people of Dessa, the people
of Fuliyande, and the people of Gaarokoyre are all Kurtey, arenft they?
ÍAÍAÍBŚŚĆAť¤ČńšŠBľŠľAŚŚĆAí˝ľŞ¨ŕ¤Éf[TĚlŃĆŕAtAfĚlŃĆŕAK[RCĚlŃĆŕAÝČNeCČńšćËB
M) Ikkul
Kurtey borey no. Amma.
They
are all Kurtey, but.
ÝČNeCžBľŠľB
\\ Amma?
But?
ľŠľB
M) E,
boro fo yoŋ go no kaŋ hondi ra, dumitarey, boro yoŋ go no kaŋ Kurtey yoŋ no
ne-wo da, amma gen d'a i si dumi.
Well,
they are Kurtey here, but some of them are not related to that family over
there.
ŚŚĆAąąĚNeCĹÍ éĚžŞA żçĆĚe°ÖWŞAŻśe°ĹÍȢlŞ˘éĚžB
\\ Ho.
Ha.
٨B
M) Amma,
ay wo, ay baaba ɲoŋo Deesa boro no. Ni faham.
But
me, my fatherfs mother was from Dessa. You understand?
ľŠľąĚí˝ľÍAí˝ľĚĚęŞf[TĚlÔžBíŠéËB
\\ Ni
baaba ɲoŋo, ya-din ga ni kaaga wey.
Your
fatherfs mother. You mean your grandmother.
Č˝ĚĚęAÂÜč Č˝ĚcęšËB
M) Oho.
Deesa boro no. Ni faham. Deesa bonkoyno wone izo ize no. Ya-din ga ay kaaga
woyo, Deesa boro no. Ni faham.
Right.
She was from Dessa. You understand? She was a grandchild of the chief of Dessa.
Thatfs why we can say my grandmother was from Dessa. You understand?
¤ŢBf[TĚlÔžBíŠéËBf[TńˇĚqĚqžBžŠçí˝ľĚcęÍAf[TĚlÔžBíŠéËB
Oho.
Amma boro yoŋ go no kaŋ dumitarey i si i gamey ra, boro yoŋ go, boro yoŋ mey go
no kaŋ gey ga dumi.
Hmm.
But some people claim they are related even though they are not.
¤ŢBľŠľČŠÉÍe°ÖWŞČ˘ĚÉ੩íç¸AŢ窨Ȝe°žĆž¤ŕĚŕ˘éńžB
Oho.
Boro boobo go no kaŋ yoŋ gonda i ɲeyze, kaŋ gey ga dumi. Boro yoŋ mo go no kaŋ
gey ga dumitarey si i gamey ra. Amma ikul Kurtey no.
Hmm.
Many people say they are relatives, they belong to the same family. [Among
those people,] some are not related [to the chief of Dessa]. But they are all
Kurtey.
¤ŢBŢçĚeĘžAŢçĆŻśe°žĆž¤ŕĚÍ˝łń˘éBkť¤ľ˝l˝żĚČŠÉÍlŢçkf[TńˇĆle°ÖWŞČ˘ŕĚŕ˘éBžŞÝČNeCžB
Amma
Kurtey kul, i famiiyo go ganda, Jamaare.
But
they are all Kurtey. Their family is in Jamafare, downstream [on the Niger
River].
žŞÝČNeCBťĚưÍkjWF[ělşŹAW}[ɢéB
\\ Jamaare.
Jamaare? E, koyra maayo?
Jamafare
[tries to find it on a map]? Jamafare. Um, is that a name of a village?
W}[šŠkn}ĹTˇlBW}[BŚŚĆşĚźOČńšŠB
M) Koy...,
e, Jamaare din, koyrey ga ba. Oho. Ni di Jamaare din, guna, Maluŋ yoŋ go no,
Kosaraamiyo yoŋ go no, Zemey yoŋ go no, e, Jeja, Jeje yoŋ go no, Garbeegunjiya
yoŋ go, Boŋa yoŋ go no, Faana yoŋ go no. Koyrey ga ba. Kaŋ jerey ay si ba
maayey bey, i go no, i ga koy. Kal ra Sonsoni.
A
village c Well, there are many villages in Jamafare. Hmm. Listen, in Jamafare,
there is Marun, Kosaraamiyo, Zemey, letfs see, Jeja, I mean Jeje, Karubeegunja,
Bonga, and Faana. There is an infinite number of villages there, so I donft
even know all the names. There are many. All the way up to Sonsoni.
şcAŚŚĆAW}[ÉÍ˝łńşŞ éB¤ŢB˘˘ŠËAW}[ÉÍžËA}Ş čART[~Ş čA[CŞ čAŚŚĆAWFWAWFWFŞ čAKx[OWŞ čA{KŞ čAt@[iŞ éBşÍłÉ ÁÄAí˝ľÍĚąčĚşźłŚľçȢB˝łń éA\\jÜĹŞSť¤žB
\\ Kal
de Sonsoni, a, ay faham, ay faham.
Oh,
up to Sonsoni. I see. I see.
A\\jÜĹšŠBíŠčÜľ˝AíŠčÜľ˝B
M) Oho.
Kul Kurtey no wey din. Ikul mo i ɲeyzey go beene, wal Deesa, ga ka koy Fuliyan,
Gaarokoyre, Fuliyande.
Hmm.
People in these villages are all Kurtey. Their relatives are dispersed from
Dessa, upstream [on the Niger River], to Fuliyan-, Gaarokoyre, Fuliyande.
¤ŢBąęçˇ×ÄNeCžBÝČĚeĘÍkjWF[ělăŹAf[TŠçtAcAK[RCAtAfÜĹ éĚžćB
\\ Ho.
Ay faham. Amma, Kur... Un annasaara, tira fo kaŋ annasaara fo hantum, a ne
Kurtey borey dumi boobo go no, Kurtey borey bumbo ra mo dumi boobo go no, amma
ikkul fatta Me, Meyana, wal Menaka? To, ay go ka, Gawo no.
Ha.
I see. But Kur---, yeah. A white, a white wrote in a book that the Kurtey have
many relatives. The Kurtey have many relatives, but all of them came [from a
certain place]. Letfs see. Meyana, Menaka ... Hold on one second. Itfs Gao.
٨BíŠčÜľ˝BľŠľĹˇËANcB¤ńAlA élŞ˘˝{ÉćéĆANeCÉཱིńĚe°Ş éANeCĚlŃĆÉཱིńĚe°Ş éŻęÇŕAťĚˇ×ÄŞk éęŠçlâÁĽƢÁĢéńšćBŚŚĆAižÁ˝ŠAiJžÁ˝ŠAżĺÁĆŇÁÄžł˘AKIšB
M) Gaawo.
Gao.
KIB
\\ Ya-din
ga Mali no.
In
Mali.
ÂÜč}šB
M) Mali
no. O, Kuttey mo fun kal Maasina.
Mali.
Yeah. Kurtey came from Macina.
}žËB ANeCÍ}[ViŠç˝ĚžćB
\\ A.,
Maasina, Maasina, Maasina.
Oh,
Macina, Macina, Macina.
A}[ViA}[ViA}[ViB
M) Un.
Kuttey Maasina no i hun. Ay go ka.
Thatfs
right. The Kurtey came from Macina. Give me one second.
ťĚƨčBNeCÍ}[ViŠç˝BżĺÁĆŇÁÄęB
k^šflkRecording discontinuedl
k^šÄJl[Recording resumed]
M) Ay
dere nongu fo. E, waato kaŋ, e, Diriisu Isa din a te bonkoyni din,
I
made one mistake. Well, itfs about when Diris Isa became the chief.
ęÓÔáŚ˝ĆąëŞ éBŚŚĆAfB[XECTŞńˇÉČÁ˝ĆŤžŞB
\\ Oho,
Diriisu Isa.
Okay.
Diris Isa.
͢AfB[XECTšËB
M) Oho,
ka te bonkoyni din, kul i na Diriisu Isa ka, i daŋ Hassan. Hassan Isa.
Right.
Immediately after Diris Isa became the chief, people removed him and assigned
Hassan, Hassan Isa to the position.
¤ŢAŢŞńˇÉČÁġŽÉžËAlŃĆÍfB[XECTđŤAnbTAnbTECT[109]đu˘˝B
\\ Hassan
Isa.
Hassan
Isa?
nbTECTšŠB
M) Oho,
Hassan Isa go no kaŋ ti B.H. baaba.
Right.
There was Hassan Isa, the father of BH.
¤ŢAB.H.ĚĹ énbTECTŞ˘˝ĚžB
\\ Hassan
Isa. A, e, Isa go no, Hiri go no, Sandaari go no, Beybey go no, Buɲo go no, Muusa go no, da Hassan go
no?
Hassan
Isa. Um, letfs see. There was Isa, Hiri, Sandaari, Beibei, Bunyo, Musa, and
then there was Hassan?
nbTECTšŠB AŚŚĆACTŞ˘ÄAqŞ˘ÄAT_[Ş˘ÄAxCxCŞ˘ÄAujŞ˘ÄA[TŞ˘ÄAťęĹnbTČńšŠB
M) Hu'un.
Hassan din Isa ize no.
No.
Hassan is Isafs child.
˘˘âBnbTÍCTĚqžB
\\ Isa.
A, ni ga cim, ni ga cim, ni ga cim. Isa ize Hassan. Diriisu banda, Hassan Isa.
Isa.
Oh, thatfs right, thatfs right, thatfs right. Isafs child is Hassan. After
Diris, it was Hassan Isa, right?
CTB A{žA{žA{žBCTĚqŞnbTžBfB[XĚăŞnbTECTČńšËB
M) Oho.
Ya-din no.
Hmm.
Thatfs right.
¤ŢBť¤ČĚžB
\\ Nhun.
E, Hassan ka, Hassan haama i go no?
I
see. Let me see. Does Hassan have descendants?
ČéŮÇBŚŚĆAnbTAnbTĚqˇÍ˘éńšŠB
M) N?
Mm?
ńB
\\ Hassan
haama E, Hassan Isa haama. Sohoŋ Garokowaara ra, i go no?
Hassanfs
descendants. Um, are Hassan Isafs descendants in Gaarokoyre now?
nbTĚqˇBŚŚĆAnbTECTĚqˇÍAĄK[RCɢéńšŠB
M) Hassan.
Hassan, ga izo ti Botoga.
Oh,
Hassan. Hassanfs child is BH.
nbTŠBnbTĚqŞB.H.žB
\\ Hassan
izo ga ti Botoga.
Hassanfs
child is BH.
nbTĚqŞB.H.B
M) Ya-din
no. Oho. Haruuna wo da kaŋ go ne, Botoga wo. Ali yoŋ baaba. Hassan izo no.
Dottiijaa din, manti ni ga a bey?
Thatfs
right. Hmm. Itfs Haruna [another name of BH] there. Itfs BH. Alifs father and
BHfs child. That elder. You know him, donft you?
ť¤ČĚžB¤ŢBťąĚn[ikB.H.ĚŮźlĚąĆAB.H.̹ƞćBA[110]ĚĚBB.H.ĚqĚB ̡VžćAmÁĢéžë¤B
\\ Ya-din
ga Sooja?
So
itfs Soja [another name of BH], right?
žŠç\[WkB.H.ĚŮźlšËB
M) Sooja.
Oho, baabo, ga ti Botoga.
Itfs
Soja. Right. His father is Bodoga.
\[WžB¤ŢBŢĚÍ{gKČĚžB
\\ Huun.
Ay faham.
Ha.
I see.
ÖŚBíŠčÜľ˝B
M) To,
waato kaŋ Diriisu, hun, ga no Hassan din... Alzuma ga huro.
And
when Diris left [the position of chief], Hassan c
ťęĹAfB[XŞAkńˇĘđlŁę˝ĆŤAąĚnbTŞcB
\\ Hassan
ga te, huhun, Hassan ga huro. Nda Hassan banda.
Hassan
became the chief. I see. Hassan became one. Then after Hassan, Alzuma became
the chief.
nbTŞČÁ˝ńšËAÓŢÓŢAnbTŞüÁ˝ńšËBĹnbTĚăBAY}ŞüéB
M) Alzuma.
Hun.
Alzuma.
Right.
AY}žB¤ŢB
\\ Oho.
Ay faham. Ya-din no. Tira fo kaŋ annasaara fo no ka hantum, a ne Kurtey borey
ga ti Fulaŋey no.
Ha.
I see. Is that right? According to the book written by a white, the Kurtey are
originally Fulbe.
ÓŢBíŠčÜľ˝Bť¤ČńšŠBl̢˝{ÉćéĆANeCĚlŃĆŞtxČńžť¤ĹˇŞB
M) Un.
Fulaŋey no.
Right.
They are Fulbe.
¤ŢBtxžB
\\ Cimi
no?
Is
that true?
{šŠB
M) Fulaŋey
no. Un. Waato kaŋ i hun Maasina, waat in Fulaŋ yoŋ no. Waato kaŋ Kurtey hun
Maasina, waat in Fulaŋ senni i ga te. Oho. Waati din mo boro bi si, sanga ir
ya-cine wo, i ga cirey coy no.
They
are Fulbe. Hmm. When they left Macina, they were Fulbe. When the Kurtey left
Macina, they spoke the Fulbe language. Hmm. They were not Black like us, but
they were red.
txžB¤ŢB}[ViđŁę˝ĆŤAÍtxžÁ˝BNeCŞ}[ViđŁę˝ĆŤAtxęđbľÄ˘˝B¤ŢB͢lAÂÜčíęíęĚć¤lĹÍČA^ÁÔžÁ˝B
\\ I
ga cirey coy no. Ha. Amma mate cine i ga barmey?
They
were red. Ha. But why did that change?
^ÁÔžÁ˝BÍ BľŠľÇ¤ľÄĎíÁ˝ĚšŠB
M) Wo
kaŋ naŋ i barmey? Kaŋ i ka nonguriyo wo, ni faham. Jerey i hiiji Wogey ra.
Why
did it change? When they came here, you see, some of them married Wogo.
ǤľÄĎíÁ˝ŠBąąÉ˝ĆŤAíŠéËBęÍEHSĆĽľB
\\ Jerey
i hiiji Wogey ra.
Some
of them married Wogo.
ęÍEHSĆĽľB
M) Wogey
ra, jerey hiiji Kaadey ra. To, ya-din no i dumo te ka sobey ka barmey, jerey
mey i ga hiiji gan da cere ya-cine wo, gan da cere ya-cine wo i ga sobey ka
hiiji calla, hala sohoŋ ya andunɲa ra borey din ya koyd'a Fulaŋ senni, sohoŋ
borey kokor ka tun din, ya koyd'a gey Fulaŋ senno, Fulaŋ senno dere i se sam!
Ikkul i si waani hunkuna.
Some
of them married Wogo, and some others married Kaado. Now, thatfs how dumis kept
changing. People married each other like that, and continued to marry, and the
people who came here with fluent Fulbe at that time have completely lost the
language as you can see now. They donft know it anymore.
EHSĆĽľAĘĚęÍJ[hĆĽľ˝BłÄAť¤˘¤íŻĹhD~ÍŠíčÂĂŻÄA éŇÍť¤ľÄĽľ ˘AĽľÂĂŻÄAŠÂÄtxę𽸳ŚÄâÁÄ˝lŃĆŕAĄĚć¤ÉAƤƤtxęđÜÁ˝YęÄľÜÁ˝BÝČĄĹÍíŠçȢB
\\ Oho.
Amma gey yoŋ i ga waani?
Ha.
But did they know it?
ÓŢBĹŕAŢçÍíŠÁ˝ńšŠB
M) Aa?
Mm?
ńB
\\ Ya-din
ga, Isa Beegun. Isa Beegun waate borey hatta-hatta borey ga waani?
So
Isa Beegun. During Isa Beegunfs time, did some people know it?
žŠçACTEx[OBCTEx[OĚăĚl˝żĚČŠÉÍíŠélࢽńšŠB
M) Oho,
i ga waani. Oho. Isa Beegun waate din. Boro yoŋ go no kaŋ ga waani.
Yeah,
they did. Hmm. During Isa Beegunfs time, some people knew it.
¤ŢAíŠÁ˝B¤ŢBCTEx[OĚăAíŠélࢽB
\\ Oho.
Amma sohoŋ a si no.
I
see. But no one does anymore.
ť¤ĹˇŠBľŠľĄâ˘Č˘B
M) A
si no.
No
one.
˘Č˘ĚžB
\\ Paat!
Ley!
No
one. At all.
ÜÁ˝BSRB
M) Un.
Kal de boro kaŋ koy laabu fo no i goro wan da Fulaŋey ya-cine wo, i ma waani.
Amma manti dumi senni.
Right.
Except for those who learned the language by living with Fulbe somewhere. But
it's not a language of their dumi.
¤ŢBÇąŠĚynĹtxƢÁľĺÉą¤ľÄśľÄíŠéć¤ÉČÁ˝ŕĚÍĘžŞBľŠľhD~ĚžtĹÍȢB
\\ Ya-din
no. Hal baaba ga salaŋ Fulaŋey senni waati kul, izo mo ga waani.
I
see. If a father always speaks Fulbe, his child will learn it, huh?
ť¤ČńšŠBྨłńŞtxęđ˘ÂŕbľÄ˘˝çAqŕíŠčܡŕńËB
M) A
ga waani. Maadulla.
Yes,
he will. Thatfs right.
íŠéĆŕBťĚƨčB
\\ To,
ya-din de no. Amma hal Fulaŋo ga hiiji Kadey wala Wogey. Oho, ɲa ga salaŋ waati kul Zarma senni.
Yeah,
thatfs right. But if Fulbe marries Kaado or Wogo. Right. If a mother always
speaks Zarma.
ť¤Ať¤ČńšËBĹŕtxŞJ[hâEHSĆĽľÄľÜÁ˝çBŚŚAꪢÂŕU}ęđbľÄ˘˝çB
M) Zarma
senni.
Zarma.
U}ęđB
\\ To,
ya-din ga zankey wo, a ga waani Fulaŋo senni da Zarma senni
Then
the child will speak Fulbe and Zarma.
ˇéĆAqŕAtxęĆU}ęđbˇć¤ÉČéB
M) Zarma
senni.
He
will speak Zarma.
U}ęđbˇć¤ÉČéB
\\ Sohoŋ,
hal baaba ga waani zarma senni hinne, izo a si waani Fulaŋo senni.
Next,
if a father only knows Zarma, the child wonft know Fulbe.
ÉA˝ĆŚeŞU}ꞯíŠÁ˝Ćľ˝çAqÍtxęŞíŠçȢB
M) Hinne
Only
Zarma.
ťęžŻB
\\ To,
ya-din ga boro kaŋ fatta ma.., e, Maasina?
Right.
So when people left there, letfs see, Macina, was it?
ť¤AžŠçlŞ ťąđŁę˝ĆŤAŚŚĆA}[ViĹľ˝ÁŻB
M) Un.
Right.
¤ŢB
\\ A
ga waani Fulaŋ senni.
They
understood Fulbe.
txęđđľÄ˘˝B
M) A
ga waani Fulaŋ senni.
They
understood Fulbe, indeed.
txęđđľÄ˘˝ĚžB
\\ Alboro
no?
Was
that a guy?
jČńšŠB
M) Oho.
Hmm.
¤ŢB
\\ Alobor.
A
guy.
jB
M) Oho,
alboro no.
Right.
A guy.
¤ŢAjžB
\\ Maayo,
ni si a bey?
Do
you know the name?
źOÍmčÜšńŠB
M) Kaŋ
fatta Maasina? Ay si, ay si a bey. Alboro kaŋ, danga kaayi, kaayo kaŋ hun
Maasina, kaŋ ka ka goro ne, ay si a bey.
When
they left Macina? I donft know. I donft know that. A guy. Ifm telling you even
I donft know the name of the ancestor who left Macina, the ancestor who settled
here.
}[ViđŁę˝ĆŤŠËBmçȢAťęÍľçȢBjAžŠç}[Viđoľ˝ĆŤĚcćAąąÉčZľ˝cćĚźOÍAí˝ľŕmçȢB
\\ A,
ni si a bey.
Oh,
you donft know.
AmçȢńšŠB
M) Kaayo
kaŋ hun Maasina, kaŋ ka ka goro ne,ay si a bey.
Even
I donft know the name of the ancestor who left Macina, the ancestor who settled
here.
}[Viđoľ˝cćAąąÉčZľ˝cćĚźOÍAí˝ľŕmçȢB
\\ Amma
boro wo ga hay, e, ya-din ga Isa Beegun kaaga. Nda boro wo ga hay Deesa amiiru
kaaga. Ya-din ga, Deesa amiiru haamey borey mo, Garokowaara borey mo, ikkul
sintin za boro kaŋ fatta...
But
this person sired that person, right? Letfs see. So he sired the ancestor of
Isa Beegun. Then this person also sired the ancestor of the chief of Dessa,
didnft he? Which means the decendants of the chief of Dessa and the people of
Gaarokoyre are all from c.
ŻęÇAťĚlŞ ĚlđśńžńšćËAŚŚĆAžŠçCTEx[OĚcćđBťęĹťĚlŞf[TńˇĚcćŕśńžńšćËBÂÜčAf[TńˇĚqˇĚlÔŕAK[RCĚlÔŕAÝČo˝ĚÍcB
M) Masina.
Oho
Macina.
Right.
}[ViB¤ŢB
\\ Masina.
A.
Macina.
A-ha.
}[ViB B
M) Oho,
ikkul Maasina no hun ka ka.
Right.
They all came from Macina.
¤ŢAÝČ}[ViŠçâÁĽ̞B
KŇ Yutaka.
Ni kani baani?
Visitor Good
morning, Yutaka.
^JB¨Íć¤B
\\ Samuy
walla, fo nda kaayaŋ.
Good
morning. Welcome back.
¨Íć¤B¨ŠŚčB
M) Ikkul
Maasina no hun ka ka. Kurtey kul. Maasina no i kaayey hun ka ka goro nonguriyo.
Mate kaŋ Wogey kaayey hun. Wogey wey, Tondojerey no i ga hun. Wogowtarey wo,
Tondojerey, i kaayo ti Tondojerey, Tondojerey din no hun. Maasina, o, Maali. Ga
no ga no ga hun, e, Maali.
They
all came from Macina. All of the Kurtey did. Their ancestors left Macina and
settled here, just like the Wogofs ancestors did. The Wogo were originally
Tonto-jerey. In case of the Wogo, Tonto-jerey, Tonto-jerey, their ancestors,
Tonto-jerey left Macina, um, Mali.
ÝČ}[ViŠçâÁĽ̞BNeCÍÝČBťĚcćŞ}[ViđoÄAąąÉčZľ˝Bżĺ¤ÇEHSĚcćŞâÁÄ˝ć¤ÉžBEHSÍghWFCŠço˝BEHSĚÎ ˘ŕAghWFCAŢçĚcćĹ éghWFCAąĚghWFCŞ}[ViAŚŚĆA}[đo˝B
\\ Mali.
Oho, Oho
Mali.
Really?
}[BÖŚAÖŚB
M) Amma
Kuttey mo Maasina no i hun. Ga da Maali ra no Maasina go, ka ka goro labey wey
ra.
But
the Kurtey are from Macina. Macina is in Mali, from which he [the Kurtey] came
and settled in lands around here.
ľŠľNeCÍ}[ViogžB}[Viŕ}[É éŞAťąŠçŢkNeClÍâÁÄÄAąąçĚynÉčZˇéć¤ÉČÁ˝B
\\ Ha.
Ya-din no. Ay ga hima nda ay ma laasaabu.
Ha.
Is that so? We have to give that a thought.
ÖŚBť¤ČńšŠBćlŚËÎČčÜšńËB
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
\\ Ay
man a bey. Ya-din no. Delgey kul goyda jindo kaŋ i ga te lakkal.
Ha,
I didnft know. All delegates have floodgates to manage.
ť¤ČńžAmçČŠÁ˝Bă\ÍÝČ
ĺđŕÁĢÄAǾĢéńžB
M)[111] I gonda.
They
do.
ŕÁÄéB
\\ Ho.
Ha.
٨B
M) Amma
jindo kul ibeero, B.A. se no a go.
But
BA is in charge of the biggest floodgate.
˝žľA˘żÎń卢
ĺÍAB.A.ŞSľÄ˘éB
\\ Ho.
Ifo se?
Ha.
Why?
ÖŚBČşB
M) Ni
bey, kaŋ kaanaalo ne ya-cine, zempa kaanaalo ka ga haŋandi, beene jindo i ga no
delgey fo se, ma hawzu d'a. De wo kaŋ ga tuku a ga, i ga no dalgey fo se. To,
sobey ka nooyoŋo din ra no, B.A. ka ka saba da ibeero. B.A. wono din a ga
beeri. Zama ya-cine wo ay man paley laasaabu, de paley kaŋ go a boŋ din, sohoŋ
k i n i fey-fey din, i ga bisa waranka. K i n i fey-fey ya-cine wo, i ga bisa
boro waranka kaŋ woney B.A. ga hawzu.
Listen,
canals go like this. The canals managed by GMP irrigate plots. GMP gives
floodgates on higher levels to delegates and has them oversee them. They also
give [plots] that are adjacent to the floodgates to the delegates. Now, of many
big floodgates, BAfs is the biggest. BAfs is really big. Let me tell you. The
irrigated land he is in charge of is divided like this, and I think there are
at least twenty plots in it. The land BA oversees is separated into plots for
more than twenty plot owners.
˘˘ŠA
HŞą¤ ÁÄAGMPĚ
HŞóňľÄ˘éíŻžŞAăűĚ
ĺÍă\É^ŚÄAťęĹÄÂłšéBÜ˝AťęÉھĢéklČćlđă\É^ŚéBłÄA éĺ
ĺĚČŠĹŕAB.A.ĚŞęÔ卢BB.A.̪卢BƢ¤ĚŕA´ŞlŚéÉAŢĚSˇélČćAťęÍą¤ŞŠęĢéńžŞA20Í éBB.A.ŞÄ¾ĢéŕĚÍA20lČăĚĆąëÉŞňľÄ˘éB
De
i ga ba ka yenge haro boŋ, B.A. no ga ka, a ma guna boro kaŋ sinda cimi. Wal ba
ni ga bisa bora cimi, hal a ma a go ga hasara, a ma n jindo daabu. Da a ni
jindo daabu, ni si a fiti. Kal da boro hindu wono to, a ma ye ka ka ga no ga
nongo hawzu ka haŋandi.
And
if it looks like people are about to fight over water, BA goes over there and
decides who is wrong. For example, if the person you are fighting with is
right, and if there is likely to be damage because of you, he closes your
floodgate. Once theyfve closed your floodgate, you canft open it. After water
reaches the other guyfs plot, he redistributes water and irrigates other plots.
ťęĹŕľ
đߎÁÄ˘Ş¨Ťť¤ÉČéĆAB.A.ŞÄAłľČ˘lÔđŠčßéB˝ĆŚÎA¨ÜŚĚčĚűŞłľÄAíQŞoť¤ÉČÁĢ˝Î ˘AŢͨ܌Ě
ĺđÂßéB
HđÂßçę˝çA¨ÜŚÉÍJŻçęȢBčĚĆąëÉ
ŞÍ˘˝çAŢÍÜ˝
đzŞľÄóňˇéB
M) To,
delgey din kul gonda, boro kul gonda ifo. Amma hal a to noŋ kaŋ borey ga ba ka
car kar ya-cine, kul a ga ci ga cala delgey se i ma ka ka, gey ma senno guna
bora kaŋ sinda cimi, i ma bey ha kaŋ i ga te a se da i naŋ ga jukke, de i naŋ
ga a palaa ta. Wo-din dalgey kul no ga car guna i ma bey bora kaŋ sinda cimi.
De i koy marga, i ma ci ni se kaŋ i naŋ maayo, i naŋ palaa ta. Ya-din no a go
da.
Now,
each delegate has one [floodgate]. If it looks like someone is about to start a
fist fight like that, a delegate immediately tells his colleages to come over.
They listen to what they have to say and decide who is wrong, what to do about
him, and whether to impose a fine on him or to take away his plots. For things
like this, the delegates make a joint decision about who is wrong. Then they
get together, write down your name, and say that they will take away your
plots. Thatfs how they do it.
łÄAă\ÍÝČAk
ĺđlĐĆÂŕÂBŕľNŠŞ ńČÓ¤ÉŁč ˘ľť¤ÉČéĆAˇŽÉŢÍă\ÔÉéć¤Éž˘AbđŤ˘ÄłľČ˘ŇđŠčßAť˘ÂđǤˇéŠAąŕđȡŠAlČćđóŻĆéŠđßéBą¤ľ˝ąĆÉ¢ÄÍAă\ÝČĹNŞłľČ˘ŠđŠčßć¤ĆˇéBťęŠçWÜčđľÄA¨ÜŚĚźOđŤAlČćđóŻĆéưéBą¤˘¤Ó¤ÉˇéńžB
\\ Ho.
Ha.
٨B
M) Amma
da i naŋ jukkey, sohoŋ ya-cine, de i koy marga n na taali te ya-cine, i na
sanno guna, i bey kaŋ ni ka sinda cimi, i naŋ jukkey. Maayo de i ga hantum, i
ma daŋ marje kaŋ gey, gey naŋ jukkey, i ma zigi da huwo do ka koy a no D.A. se
kaŋ ga borey no angure da borey koy ta. To, hal ni koy angure ta dogo do din,
da D.A. na tirey guna, boro kul maayo go no-din, a ma ci ni se : áNi na taali filaana te dalgey ne, gey naŋ
jukkey ya-cineâ. To, delegey wey, i si salaŋ ni
se koyne. D.A. bumbo mo, a si har ni se koyne. Da ni ga ba ni angurey ma nooro
bana, i ma n no ni angurey. Da n sinda, ma angurey din da jerey neere no-din
da, ma du jerey. Dan man wo-din bana, ni ye ka ka, ni na angurey dey hebo ra,
ni koy daŋ palaa ra. I ga palaa kul ta sam! Ni faham.
But
when they impose a fine, again they have a meeting, look into the alleged
fraud, and once they know you are wrong, they impose a fine on you. They write
down your name, write down how much fine will be imposed, and go to DAfs house,
whose job is to distribute fertilizer to everyone. Then when you go to him to
get fertilizer, DA looks at the paper with peoplesf names on it and says, gYou
commited this kind of fraud, so the delegates want to impose this much fine on
you.h Now, the delegates donft talk to you about it. DA doesnft give you any
more information, either. If you want fertilizer, you have to pay first. Then
he will give you fertilizer. If you donft have money, you sell some of the
fertilizer and get money. If you donft pay like that and buy fertilizer at the
market and use it in your plot, they will take away all your plots. You
understand?
ŻÇAąŕđȡΠ˘ÍƢ¤ĆAąĚÎ ˘ŕWÜčđľÄAą¤˘¤słđľ˝Ć˘¤bđ˘ľÄA¨ÜŚŞłľČ˘ĆíŠéĆAąŕđȡBźOđŤAąŕđ˘çȡŠđŤAóŻĆčÉ˝ÝČÉěżđ^ŚéD.A.[112]ĚĆÉsBťęĹA¨ÜŚŞěżĚóŻĆčÉsĆAD.A.ÍÝČĚźOŞ éđŠÄAu¨ÜŚÍą¤˘¤słđľ˝ĚĹAąęąęĚąŕđȡĆă\ŞžÁĢévĆž¤BłÄAă\˝żÍƢ¤ĆA¨ÜÉ̹͝ĆđbłČ˘BD.A.ŠgŕA¨ÜŚÉbłČ˘B¨ÜŚŞěżđŮľ˘ĚČçŕđ漢ľČŻęÎČçȢAť¤ˇęÎ쿪ŕçŚéžë¤BŕÁÄČŻęÎAťąĹťĚěżđÁÄAŚéąĆÉČéBŕľť¤ľ˝xĽđš¸AsęĹěżđwüľAlČćĹ{쾽ơéBˇéĆlČćÍAşńÔóŻĆçęľܤBíŠéČB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
understand.
íŠéB
M) Ya-din
no i go te ka alfarey ka car ga. Hal manti ya-din i ga yenge waati kul. Amma Bi
yenga dumo, T.F. a sinda cimi fisbillahi.
Thatfs
how co-op members help each other. Otherwise, people would be fighting all the
time like they did yesterday. TF is absolutely wrong.
ť¤ľÄgőŞŻ ¤ć¤ÉľÄ˘éńžBť¤ĹČŻęÎA˘ÂžÁĢđˇéBđú̢ݽ˘ČĚŞBT.F.[113]ÍłľČ˘AâÎÉB
\\ Huun.
Ha.
Ó¤ńB
M) Zamma
za mannaŋ keydiya waate kaŋ haro ga ba gumo, kaŋ haro ga pala ŋa, i yenge. I na
dalgey ce, B.A. yoŋ wey kul, i n i kul ce. I koy no-din, i di nongo, i na T.F.
nongo feeri. I ne a sinda cimi. I ne a ma fenda nongo. Hari humba wo a si pala
za ka key. Da pala, di man paley tilam, hari humbo si tilam. Ya-din ga : áNi kaŋ goyda hari humbo, ma huranzamâ.
You
see, during the harvest season in the year before last, there was too much
water and it was damaging plots. So they fought about it. Delegates were called
in. BA and everyone else were called in. They went over there, looked at the
place in question, and told TF to open [the drainage port] there. They said it
wasnft right. They told him to leave the place alone. [Growing rice in] the
drainage canal is not good for the surrounding plots. If there is no farming in
the plots, then therefs no farming in the drainage canal. So they said, gYou
are growing rice in the drainage canal. Take a break.h
Ƣ¤ĚŕęđNĚűnúA
ި¨ˇŹÄAlČćđ˘ÂԾľÜÁÄA˘đľ˝ńžBă\ŞÄÎę˝AB.A.˝żÝČŞÄÎę˝BŢçÍťąÉsÁÄAâčĚęđŠÄAT.F.ÉťĚękĚr
HđlJŻëĆžÁ˝BłľČ˘ĆžÁ˝BťĚęÍ٤ÁĨŻĆžÁ˝Br
HĚŞkŨąČíęéîěÍlAlČćÉćȢBŕľlČćŰ֌łęÄČŠÁ˝çAr
HĹŕłęĢȢBžŠçur
HđŕÁĢé¨ÜŚÍAxßvƢ¤ąĆžB
\\ Huun.
Ya-din ka te.
Ha.
I didnft know such a thing happened.
Ó¤ńBť¤˘¤ąĆŞ Á˝ńžB
M) Ya-din
no.
Yeah.
ť¤ČńžB
\\ Hayo,
hari hum... Sanga de hari humba koyo yenge, wo dumo iboobo go no?
By
the way, conflicts over water c, I mean conflicts between owners of drainages,
do things like this happen often?
ĆąëĹA
cBžŠçr
HĚżĺ̢AąĚŢĚąĆÍć éĚŠ˘B
M) I
boobo go no.
They
do.
ć éĆŕB
\\ Wo
kaŋ ni ga bey, ay ga ba ay ma bey.
Will
you tell me about the ones you know of ?
¨ÜŚŞmÁĢéĚđłŚÄęȢŠB
M) Wo
kaŋ ay ga bey.
The
ones I know of.
´ŞmÁĢéĚŠB
\\ Un.
*Zama ay mana a bey.
Yeah.
*[Noticing Musa is not going to say more] Because I didnft know about it.
¤ńB*k[TŞśČ˘lqđÝÄlƢ¤Ěŕ´ÍmçČŠÁ˝ŠçB
M) Ibooba
kaŋ go no-din, ga ka ti kaŋ borey go calla, i lakkaley manti ifo. Boro fo yoŋ
ha kul kaŋ i du, i ga hin suuri, a ga ben i do. Boro fo yoŋ mey a si ben i do,
heri keyna kaŋ te wan d'ey game, i ga te senni. Da n man saaware i ga, ba a har
dalgey se. Kal da dalgey di de, manti senni henna no, i ma ciina ka da.
There
are many conflicts over there because people donft react to things in the same
way. Some are more patient about everything that happens to them, and they
solve problems on their own. Some others donft solve problems on their own.
They make even a trivial matter between you and them a story [a conflict]. If
you guys canft settle, they talk to the delegates about it. They try to show
the problem to the delegates. They donft have an official conversation. They do
it behind closed doors.
ťąĹ˝łń éąĆÍƢ¤ĆAĆŕɢélŃĆĚŞĘÍAĐĆÂśáȢB éŇÍANŤ˝ąĆˇ×ÄÉEĎĹŤÄAŠŞ˝żĹđˇéBÜ˝ éŇÍƢ¤ĆAŠŞ˝żĹÍđš¸A¨ÜŚĆŢçĚ ˘žĹą×Čâ誨Ť˝žŻĹAbľkŕßlɡéBađōȢΠ˘Aă\ÉbˇBă\ÉŠšć¤ĆˇéBżáńĆľ˝bĹÍČAŕĹB
To,
miso kaŋ i go ga hawzu kaŋ i go no boro kul hari humba kaŋ go bisa ya-cine, ni
pala miyo tengo, ga ti ni wono miyo. Ne-here ni pala miyo wono ga ti ni wono
miyo. Amma kaŋ ay wone nda hal ay ga ba ay ga no ni wo Yuutaaka se. Ay ga tilam
ey ma ne Yuutaaka ma ka ka samb ey pala hari humba da a nin. J.K. wo ay n a no
ifo.
Now,
everyone has a drainage. As for how they get allocated, the drainages go like
this, and the part thatfs at the end of your plot is the end of your drainage.
The part thatfs at the end of your plot over there is the end of your drainage.
But letfs say itfs mine and I want to give it to you, Yutaka. After I finish
transplanting, I tell you, Yutaka, to take the drainage in my plot and
cultivate there. I gave one to JK.
łÄA çäélŞr
HđŕÁĢÄAťęŞÇ¤zŞłęéŠĆ˘¤ąĆžŞAr
HÍą¤Ę߾ĢÄA¨ÜŚĚlČćĚ[É éĚŞA¨ÜŚĚŕĚĚ[žB żçÉ é¨ÜŚĚlČćĚ[ŞA¨ÜŚĚŕĚĚ[žBŻęÇAŕľ´ĚŕĚĹA´Ş¨ÜŚ^JÉ^ŚéĆľć¤B´Ş°ÖŚľÄA¨ÜŚ^JÉA´ĚlČćĚr
HđĆÁÄAťąĹŔçšëĆž¤BJ.K.[114]É´ÍĐĆÂ^Ś˝B
\\ Ay
faham. Huun.
Okay.
Ha.
íŠÁ˝BÓ¤ńB
M) Amma
bora kaŋ in da ga hangasiney din, hal J.K. taali te a se, a salaŋ a se, a
wenji, kul ay se no a ga har. Ay ma salaŋ J.K. se, ay kaŋ na no a se, hal ay si
ba in da ngey ma ma car dori. Da ay mo salaŋ J.K. se, a yedda kul a ga fend'a.
Da a man yedda mo kul delgey ga ne ay ga taay'a J.K. se.
But
if JK causes any trouble to my guys, these guys talk to JK about it, and if he
denies it, they immediatelly tell me. If I donft want it to cause pain among
us, I talk to JK, because Ifm the one who gave him [the drainage]. And if I
talk to JK, and he agrees, then I let it go. If he doesnft, the delegates take
away his thing right away.
ŻęÇA´ĚÔÉAŕľJ.K.ŞŔfđŠŻÄAťĚÔŞJ.K.ÉbľAŢŞťęđŰľ˝ĚČçAťĚÔ͡ŽÉ´ÉbˇBŕľ´Ş´˝żĚ ˘žĹÉÝđoŚ ¤ĚŞČĚĹ ęÎA´ÍJ.K.ÉbˇAŢÉkr
Hlđ^Ś˝´ŞžBťęĹŕľ´ŞJ.K.ÉbľAŢŕłřľ˝ČçAŕ¤Ů¤ÁĨBŕľłřľČŠÁ˝çAˇŽă\ŞJ.K.ĚŕĚđóŻĆéB
\\ Ha.
Delgey ka ne ni se?
Ha.
Do the delegates tell you to?
Í Bă\Ş¨ÜŚÉž¤ĚŠ˘B
M) Nn
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ Ni
ma taay'a.
You
take it away.
¨ÜŚŞóŻĆéB
M) Ay
ma taay'a J.K. se. Ay kaŋ na nooyandi
I
take it away from JK. Ifm the one who gave it to him.
´ŞJ.K.ŠçóŻĆéĚłB^Ś˝´ŞËB
\\ Ha,
ha, ha, ha.
Hm,
hm, hm.
ÍAÍAÍB
M) Koyne
mo, hal ni na taali te uruggaa ra, ifo, ni maayo kaŋ go huwo do, i ga hantum a
jerey, i gahantum bikki cirey, i na taari fo te, siɲaatiir. Hal ni ye ka taari fo te, i ga ye ka hantum, siɲatiir. I ma te ihinka. Ihinzanto wo, hal ni na te, palaa
si ni se.
Also, if you
cause any trouble in AHA, they write it down. They
write it down with a red pen in the space next to your name on the paper at the
head office, saying you caused this kind of trouble, and they sign. If you
cause more trouble, they write it down again. They repeat it the second time.
And the third time, you lose your plot.
łçÉA¨ÜŚŞAHAĹâč𨹾˝ČçAąÇÉ é¨ÜŚĚźOAťąĚ]ÉŤąŢAÔ˘{[yĹAą¤˘¤âč𨹾˝ĆŤąÝAźˇéBྨ܌ŞÜ˝âč𨹾˝ČçAÜ˝ťĚąĆđBť¤˘¤ąĆđ2ńľÄA3ńÚÉČéĆAlČćͨ܌ŠçČČéB
\\ Hey,
wo mo ay man bey
Ha.
I didnft know that, either.
ÖŚBťęŕmçČŠÁ˝ćB
M) Ya-din
no.
Yeah.
ť¤ČńžB
\\ A
ga taay'a.
He
takes it away.
ŢŞóŻĆéB
M) A
ga ta..., i ga taay'a. Da naŋ na tilam, hal ma te, a niŋ, kaŋ borey ga ba ka
huro wiiyoŋ, ni na taaro te,palaa din ma kaŋ go a ra, dalgey ga taay'a. I ma a
wi, i ma a kar, i ma hari nooru bana huwo do. Wo kaŋ cindi i ma a fey gey da
car game. Dalgey din ra bora kaŋ ga ba pala, i ga no a se. De i di delgey din
kul gonda, i ga guna boro fo kaŋ sinda, i ma no a se. Amma waati din, i naŋ ga
a no de borey se yaamo. Amma sohoŋ, kal da ŋ bana zambar hinka wal zambar hinza
wal zambar taaci ka koy zambar gu, marje kaŋ boŋ wan d'ey sawa, i ma ne ni se :
áMa bana ka sambu hal ni ga baar'aâ.
He
takes ... they take it away. You transplant seedlings, cultivate them, and
watch them grow. And even when everyone is ready for harvesting, if you cause
some trouble, the delegates take away your plots with the mature rice crop.
They harvest the rice, thresh it, and pay the water fee at the head office.
They divide the rest of the rice among themselves. If there is a delegate who
wants to get a plot, they give it to him. If all of the delegates have plots,
they find someone who doesnft and give it to him. They used to redistribute
plots to people for no charge, but now, you have to pay 10,000 CFA franc or
15,000 CFA franc, or even 20,000 CFA franc or 25,000 CFA franc, whatever you
guys agreed on, the amount they tell you to pay if you want a plot.
ŢŞóŻcAŢçŞóŻĆéB¨ÜŚŞ°ÖľAçÄAŔčAÝČŞűnľć¤ĆľÄ˘éĹ Á˝ĆľÄŕA¨ÜŚŞâč𨹾˝ČçAClŞ éťĚlČćđAă\˝żÍóŻĆéBClđűnľAEľA
ĚăŕđąÇÉ[ßéBĚąčÍAŢçĹŞŻ ¤Bă\˝żĚČŠÉlČćđŮľŞÁĢéŇŞ˘˝çAŢÉ^ŚéBă\ÝČŞŕÁĢéČçAŕÁĢȢlÔđŠÂŻAŢÉ^ŚéBČOŢçÍlŃĆÉ˝žĹ^ŚÄ˘˝BŻęÇĄĹÍ10,000CFAtŠ15,000CFAtAłçÉ20,000CFAtŠ25,000CFAtAĆÉŠ¨ÜŚ˝żŞÓľ˝zAŢçŞuŮľ˘ĚČ缌vĆžÁ˝zđ¨ÜŚÍĽíČŻęÎČçȢB
Amma
ba kaŋ ni na wo-din te din, dan na taali fo te, i ga taay'a bo. I ga ci ni se
kaŋ : áPalaa wo, manti boro kul baaba wono, gomunante wone nda. Da ni na taali fo
te wo-din boŋ, ma si miile i naŋ nooro din bana ka duw'aâ. I ga taay'a ni
se, i ma no ay se. D ey mo na taali te, i ye ka taay'a ay se, i ma no ni se.
Amma hal ni na taali hinza te, k i ta ni palaa din, paley din i si ye ka n no
koyne, i gar, ni bumbo yuutaaka, ni si ye ka du palaa koyne.
But
even if you do, it will be taken away if you cause trouble. They tell you, gYou didnft get that plot from your father. You got it as aid. If
you cause trouble there, you are wrong if you think you can get it back as long
as you pay money.h They take it from you and give it to me. If I cause trouble,
they take it from me and give it to you. But if you cause trouble three times,
they take away the plot from you and never give you any more plots. They now
know what kind of person you, Yutaka, are. You will never get plots anymore.
ľŠľA¨ÜŚŞť¤ľ˝ĆľÄŕA¨ÜŚŞâč𨹚ÎAóŻĆçęéBŢçͨ܌ɰéBuťĚlČćÍAĚŕĚĹÍȢAÉćéŕĚžBŕľ¨ÜŚŞťąĹâč𨹾˝ČçAೌĽŚÎŚçęéČÇĆlŚéČvBŢçͨ܌ŠçóŻĆÁÄA´É^ŚéBྨęŕâč𨹾˝çAŢçÍ´ŠçóŻĆÁÄA¨ÜŚÉ^ŚéBŻÇ¨ÜŚŞ3ńâč𨹾˝ČçA¨ÜŚĚťĚlČćđŢçÍóŻĆÁÄA¨ÜŚÉÍńxĆ^ŚçęȢBŢçͨ܌^JƢ¤ŕĚđŠÉßéŠçžB¨ÜŚÍŕ¤AŚçęȢB
Amma
ni izey ra, de i di ihenno go no kaŋ boro kul ga bey wone wo, a si taali te, i
ga no hal palaa koma kul i ga du ifo kaŋ i na no. Amma k i ye du ifo k i na no
din, ni wo kaŋ ni izo no, ni si koy palaa din do bo. I ga ci ni izo se kaŋ
baabo din a ma gaayi, zama hal hoŋ da a go koy, a ga meeri zeena tunandi. K i
na no ni izo se, hal ni ye ka yeere ka koy palaa do, i ga ye ka taay'a ni izo
se. Ni faham ay senno se?
But
if one of your children is considered to be a good person by everyone, and if
he doesnft cause any trouble, they give one of the plots to him that they have
taken away from people. But even if itfs your child that got the plot that they
have taken away and redistributed, you must not set foot in that plot. They
tell your child not to let his father go near it because if he does, he will
repeat the ugly incident that he got himself into in the past. Even if the plot
has been given to your own child, if you go to the plot and cause more trouble
there, the plot will be taken away from your child. Do you know what Ifm
saying?
˝žľ¨ÜŚĚqĚČŠĹANŠçŕPÇĆmçęĢéŇAâč𨹳ȢҪ˘˝çAŢçÍŕľlČ檌°˝çAťĚ¤żĐĆÂđ^ŚéBŻÇŢ窌Ä^Ś˝ťĚlČćđA˝ĆŚ¨ÜŚĚqŞŚ˝ĚžĆľÄŕAťĚlČćɨ܌ÍsÁÄ͢ŻČ˘źBŢçÍqÉž¤AđĐŤĆßĨŻAƢ¤ĚŕAŕľsÁ˝çAČO Á˝X˘ođŢľŠŚľÄľÜ¤ŠçB¨ÜŚĚqÉ^Ś˝Ć͢ŚA¨ÜŚŞlČćÉsÁÄAâčđŢľŠŚľ˝ČçA¨ÜŚĚqÍóŻĆçęéB´ĚbÍíŠéŠB
\\ Ay
faham ya.
I
do
íŠéćB
M) Ya-din
no i wone hawzuyoŋo din a go da.
Thatfs
how they oversee plots.
ť¤˘¤Ó¤ÉAŢçÍľĢéíŻžB
kăŞlkLater part omittedl
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
\\ Amma
ay wo ke, ay ga bey boro fo fo go no, manti sohoŋ da wone, kaŋ, waato kaŋ
amiiru, Sandi, bora din bumbo no ga ti Delgey, delgeytara. Buuba mo go
delgeytara.Waato din boro fo fo i marga ka ne i ne i ma delgey barmey. De i koy
kal de Tilabeeri, Tilabeeri soojey do. Sanno wo, ni ga a bey?
But
I know there used to be this person. Sandi, the chief, he himself was a
delegate. He was [in] the position of a delegate. So was Buba. Thatfs when some
people got together and said, gLetfs replace the delegates.h Then they went to
Tilabeeri, the military police in Tilabeeri. Do you know this story?
ŻÇ´ÍƢ¤ĆAŠÂÄą¤˘¤lŞ˘˝ąĆđmÁĢéBńˇĹ éTfBAŢŠgŞă\žÁ˝Aă\ĚnĘkɢ˝lBu[oŕă\ĚnĘɢ˝BťĚĆŤ˝lŠŞWÜÁÄAă\đÖŚć¤ĆžÁ˝BťęĹeBx[AeBx[ĚşĚĆąëÉsÁ˝BąĚbA¨ÜŚmÁÄéŠB
M) Ay
go. Kaŋ i naŋ wo-din te din, borey kaŋ naŋ gey waafak wo te, i jina bora, ka ka
ti Isubu. Da J.F.. Amma i gonda ngey kabe boro boobo yoŋ, kaŋ go i bande, kaŋ
yoŋ ga ba gey ma dargey barmey. Ne-here borey mey, i go no iboobo. To, waati
kaŋ ne-hrere borey, i naŋ gey ma dargey ka,ne-here borey mey i ne..., gey si
dargey ka. I di ka senno din ɲooti-ɲooti, hal i yenge. I di ka yenge i
di ka yenge i di ka yenge wo-din boŋ. Kal borey na..., za borey go mo wi, kal
borey ka ka ben kal i na te za..., kal borey go tilam. I di ya-din i di ya-din.
I man faham. Waato kaŋ i go yanga din ra, hino kaŋ yanga beeri ka to naŋ kaŋ
hino, borey da cara i naŋ ga car kubey hinne ka car zafa. Ga ti i ne : áAlfrai kul k i ne Alfari no, kul yoŋ ma car
kubey Joomona subaâ. Ga ti boro yoŋ car kubey, wiiza
kaŋ wo-din go te din, dargey din, i har Direkuteer se. Direkuteer mo har
zandarmey se. I ka k i kubey Jomona. Turantey ne, borey kaŋ ne i ma si tura ne.
Zandarmey ka i naŋ gey bira hiri, i goro. I naŋ gey bir hiri din, i ma hã, mate
da mate ka te, boro ma deede, boro ma deede kal i bey kaŋ wallaahi borey wey i
sinda cimi. I koy guna kaŋ i ka ka vot. borey kaŋ na i ma si dergey ka din, i
ga bisa borey hendi din bisayoŋ hinza. Ni fahama.
I
do. When it happened, some people formed an alliance. The headman of the
alliance was Isbou. And JF. But they had many people on their side who wanted
to replace the delegates. There were also many people on the other side. Now,
the family on this side tried to replace the delegates, and the family on that
side said the delegates shouldnft be removed. It went back and forth like that,
which, in the end, led to an argument. They argued, argued, and argued about
it. Then people c, people reaped rice, and once that was done, it was time for
transplanting. They did that, they did that, and they did that. They couldnft
come to terms. The argument escalated like wefd never seen before to the point
where the headmen and their people started stabbing each other when they saw
each other. Then they were told, gAll the co-op members must meet in Jomona
tomorrow.h So people went. You know, it happened because the delegates had
talked to the head manager. The head manager then talked to the military
police. They were all there to see them [all the co-op members]. In Jomona. The
insurgents were on this side, and those who were opposed to the insurgency were
on that side. As for the military police, they put up a string and sat down.
The reason why they put up a string was to tell this side to talk and tell that
side to talk about what had happened before they could decide for sure which side was wrong. I went to see them casting
their votes. Those who didnft want the delagates removed had three more votes
than the people on that side. Do you understand?
mÁÄéBŢ窝ęđľ˝ĆŤAŻżľ˝lŃĆŞ˘˝ńžŞAťĚOĚlƢ¤ĚŞACXužBťęĆJ.F.[115]BŻÇŢçĚăëÉÍAă\đÖŚ˝˘Ć˘¤A˝łńĚĄűŞ˘˝Bŕ¤ęṳ̋ÉཱིńlÔŞ˘˝BłÄAążçĚgŕŞă\đÖŚć¤ĆľÄAążçĚgŕŕă\đ׍ĹÍȢƞÁ˝BąńČÓ¤ÉbŞsÁ˝č˝čľÄAƤƤű_ÉČÁ˝BťĚąĆÉ¢Äű_ľÄAű_ľÄAű_ľ˝BťęŠçlŃĆŞcAlŃĆŞî čđľÄAťęŞIíÁÄAƤƤ°ÖŚđˇéiÉČÁ˝Bť¤ľÄAť¤ľÄAť¤ľ˝BŢçÍAíŠçČŠÁ˝Bű_ĚĹAŠÂÄČű_ŞĺŤČčAlŃĆĆťĚÔŞoďÁ˝žŻĹačÂŻ ¤ć¤ÉČÁ˝BˇéĆu čĆ çäégőAÝČžúWiÉWÜęvĆžíę˝BťęĹlŃĆŞWÜÁÄÝéĆAśÂÍťęŞČłę˝ĚÍAă\˝żŞAǡÉbľ˝ńžBǡŕşÉbľ˝BŢçŞAŢçkSgőlđ}Śé˝ßÉĢ˝BWiÉBžŇŞążçĹAžˇé׍ĹÍȢƞ¤ŇŞążçBş˝żÍƢ¤ĆARđŁÁÄŔÁ˝BŢçŞRđŁÁ˝ĚÍAâÎÉążçĚlŃĆŞłľČ˘Ć˘¤ąĆŞíŠéÜĹAǤ˘¤ąĆŞ Á˝ĚŠAążçćbšA żçćbšĆ⤽ߞÁ˝BŢçŞ[ˇéĚđŠÉ˘Á˝ńžBă\đČƢ¤lŃĆÍA żçĚlŃĆđ3[ăÜíÁ˝BíŠéŠB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
do.
íŠéćB
M) Sohoŋ
borey hendi din mey, bo ka sendey de i go te danga fitina ma te din, ga ti i
na...,Isubu da J.F. kaŋ go i jina, zama J.F. wo ha kaŋ se i hense ka daŋ din, i
naŋ ga no i ga daŋ presidaŋ nongo ra.
Now,
as for the people on that side, those who caused the conflict because they were
so stubborn, it was c, it was Isbou and JF who were their headmen. The reason
why JF wanted to replace the delegates was because they tried to assign him to
the position of the director.
łÄ żçĚlÔAťĚćĹłŠçŕßđľ˝ŇÍƢ¤ĆAťęÍcAŢçĚOɢ˝ĚÍCXuĆJ.FžŞAČşąĚJ.F.ŞuŤČ¨ť¤Ćľ˝ŠĆ˘¤ĆAŢçÍŢđˇĚnĘÉuą¤Ćľ˝ńžB
\\ Hoo
Ha.
٨B
M) Ni
faham. I na bora hinka din di, i n i daŋ moota ra. I naŋ gey ka kond'ey k i daabu,
de i si senno, de i si naŋ.
Do
you understand? These two got captured and forced into a car. They took them
away and closed the door [= put them in jail], [so] they wouldnft be left to
talk [=cause trouble].
íŠéŠBąĚńlÍĆçŚçęÄAÔÉćšçę˝BAsľÄAÂśÄkľÄlAbkŕßlđš¸AúuľČ˘kć¤Éľć¤ĆlB
\\ A'a*?
Wow.
*[surprised]
ŚŚ*kÁŤlB
M) I
ni di, i n i daŋ moota ra k i daabu Joomona bira miyo ga, ay naŋ ga key.
You
got that? They were captured, forced into a car, and [the door was] shut. At
the end of Jomona. I was standing there.
íŠéŠBŢçÍßÜŚçęÄAÔÉćšçęÄAkŕŞlÂśçę˝BWiĚ[žBąĚ´Ş§ÁĢ˝B
\\ A'a*?
Wow.
*[surprised]
ŚŚ*kÁŤlB
M) Kal
ir wey dira, ir dira k i naŋ moota ra, amma ir dira gan da zadarmey kul naŋ. Ga
ti kaŋ i naŋ wo-din te din K.L. yoŋ din da, ye ka ceeci zandarmey ga, kaŋ i ma
si koy k i daabu. Zama da i koy k i daabu, hal hoŋ, izey kaŋ i dira ka a naŋ,
gey izey no. Ya-din ga a si kaan ngey se, i ma fend'ey. Amma i ma salaŋ i se
kaŋ, bora kaŋ ko hu ka senno tunandi, i ga ka ka di koyne i ma koy ka daabu. Ni
faham.
Until
we took off, they were left in the car. But when we took off, he and the
military police left them there. When they were there, KL and other guys saw to
it that the military police wouldnft put them in jail. I mean if they had been
put in jail, their children would be left all by themselves. But they were
their [KL and othersf] kids too, so that wasnft something they wanted to
happen. They wanted them to leave them alone. But [KL said to the military
police] he would make sure those who returned home understood that if they
caused trouble again, they would then be captured and imprisoned. You
understand?
´˝żŞéÜĹAŢçÍÔÉ٤ÁĨŠę˝A˝žľ´˝żŞéĆŤAŢĆşÍ٤ÁĨ˘˝BŢ窝¤ľ˝ĆŤA ĚK.L[116]˝żÍAşÉŢ窳ęȢć¤Éľ˝BƢ¤ĚŕAŕľŢ窳ę˝çAťĚq˝żŞúułęÄľÜ¤íŻžŞAťęÍŢçkK.L.˝żlĚqĹŕ éŠçAěÎľ˘ąĆĹÍȢB٤ÁĨ˘ÄŮľ˘BľŠľAĆÉAÁÄŠçÄxŕßđNąľ˝ŇÍAĄxąťĆçŚçęÄAłęéĆž˘ŤŠšÄ¨ą¤kĆK.L.ͺɞÁ˝lBíŠéŠB
Ya-cine
no i te i se, i n i yaamar. I ne wal yedda senno boŋ, senno bu, i ne ngey
yedda. I n i taŋ, ya da han din senno din te,.
Thatfs
what they did, and they warned them. They said, gDo you understand? Wefre done
here.h They said they understood. They were released. Thatfs what happened that
day.
ť¤˘¤Ó¤ÉŢçÍľÄAŢçÉľ˝BąĚbÉ¢ijřľ˝ŠAbÍIíčžĆžÁ˝BŢçÍłřľ˝ĆžÁ˝BŢçÍđúłę˝BťĚúĚbĆÍą¤˘¤ąĆžÁ˝B
\\ Ha.
Ya-din no.
Ha.
I see.
Í Bť¤ČĚŠB
M) Nn.
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ Wo
kaŋ ay ga bey ga ti manti sanno laalo ya wo cine.
The
version I know isnft that ugly.
´ŞmÁĢéĚÍAťńȢbśáȢB
M) N?
Mm?
ńB
\\ Sanga
de...,boro fo fo go no, e, kaŋ go delgey bande. Boro fo fo mo go no, Isubu?
Isubu yoŋ bande.
So
certain people were backing the delegates, and some other ones were backing,
was it Isbou? Isbou.
žŠçËAĆ él˝żŞă\ĚăëɢÄAŮŠĚl˝żÍCXužÁŻACXu˝żĚăëɢ˝B
M) Hun.
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ De,
gey ga car ciiti, amma i man a saaware.
Then
they sued each other and didnft settle.
ťęĹAiŚ ÁÄAađľČŠÁ˝B
M) I
mana.
They
didnft.
ľČŠÁ˝B
\\ Wo-din
se no i koy zandarmeri do.
So
they went to the military police.
ťęĹşĚĆąëÉsÁ˝B
M) Oho.
Right.
B
\\ De
zandarmeri no ka mey ciito wo da.
Then
the military police took over the trial.
ťęĹşŞťĚŮťđxzľ˝B
M) Hun.
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ De
i ne i ma car waafaku. Soohoŋ senno a ban.
Then
they said to settle because it was over.
ťęĹŢ窞¤ÉÍAađľëĆAbÍIíčžĆB
M) To.
Thatfs
right.
ť¤žB
\\ Pala
no kaŋ i na taay'a, no i naŋ fersi gey gamo ra. Ya-wo cine no i ne.
They
took away some plots and shared them among themselves. Thatfs what it was.
lČćđóĆÁÄAťęđźŇĚ ˘žĹŞŻ˝Bť¤˘¤ąĆžÁ˝B
M) Ya-wo
cine no, ya-din mo ka te.
Thatfs
what it was. Thatfs what it was, too.
ť¤˘¤ąĆžAť¤˘¤ąĆĹŕ Á˝B
\\ Amma
wiiza ni senno ra, sanga de, delgey wo ke, delgey..., a, soojey wo ke delgey
borey no ka ca.
But
according to your version, it was actually, I mean, the delegates, the
delagates c, it was the delegates who summoned the soldiers.
ŻÇ¨ÜŚĚbÉćéĆśÁł˘ÉÍAÂÜčAă\ÍƢ¤ĆAă\cAşm˝żÍƢ¤Ćă\ŞćńžB
M) Nn.
Soojey dalgey ka har directaar se, Muusa kaŋ go Joomona. Muusa ca i se. Koyne
mo han din, i man yenge pala kul boŋ. Han din i man yenge pala kul boŋ, dalgey
kaŋ go no za hano... Zama sohoŋ B.A. yoŋ wey, i te kampaaɲ hinza. Kul i g i zumandi. I ma
daŋ boro tegi yoŋ. Hal borey ne i goyo go kaan ngey se, kul i ga ye ka fend'ey.
I ma samb kaŋ kampaaɲu hinza. Da wo-din ka, i ga k i se kaŋ i g i barmey. Da a kaan i se,
bora kaŋ goyo si ma te alfarey se, i ga a ka, da i ma daŋ ifo. Ya-din no i go
go da.
Right.
The soldiers. The delegates talked to the head manager, I mean Musa, who was in
Jomona. Musa talked to them. Then on that day, itfs not that they argued over
plots at all. That day, itfs not that they argued over plots at all. Since
before, the delegates c. Because, for example, BA and his colleagues, they were
going to be replaced after three years. New people were going to be assigned to
the positions. If people say what they are doing is making them happy, then
they will remain in the positions for another three years. If the term comes to
an end, they get removed if thatfs what they want. Even if they are happy,
those who donft do their job for the co-op members get removed, and a new
member gets assigned to the position. Thatfs how they do it.
¤ńBşmBă\ŞÇˇAWiɢé[TÉbľ˝B[TÍŢçÉbľ˝BťęŠçťĚúAŢçÍlČćĚąĆĹű_ľ˝íŻĹÍÜÁ˝Č˘ńžBťĚúŢçÍlČćĚąĆĹű_ľ˝íŻĹÍÜÁ˝ČAŠçă\ÍcBƢ¤ĚŕA˝ĆŚÎAB.A.˝żAŢçŕ3N˝Á˝ç~ëłęéBVľ˘lŞuŠęéBŕľlŃĆŞŢçĚdŞŠŞ˝żđŤłšÄ˘éĆž¤ČçAŢçÍŻCĆČčAŢçÍŕ¤3NđŚéąĆÉČéBྜྷꪽçAŢçđÖŚéÎ ˘ÉÍŠęéB˝ĆŚŤľÄ˘éĆľÄŕAgőĚ˝ßÉdđľČ˘ŇÍAŠęÄA ç˝ÉĐĆčuŠęéBť¤ľÄ˘éńžB
To,
dalgey ka ka daŋ yoŋo din boŋ, ga no Isubu yoŋ here borey din ne kal borey kaŋ
go no-din, i naŋ gey m i ka. gey ma daŋ gey kabe borey. Gey kabe borey ma ye
jine. Ne-here borey mey ne wo-din si te. borey kaŋ gey daŋ din gey de i ma
goro. Ya-din ga, kaŋ i ga ba gey ma si huyoŋo din se, i ga kaan i se, i si kaan
i se, gey naŋ ga vot. Bora kaŋ bisa cara bora ma du. borey hendi Isubu yoŋ
banda borey din, mey ne i naŋ i si vot, gey naŋ ga car ɲaajin.
Now,
about removing and assigning delegates like this, people on Isboufs side said,
gLetfs remove the ones that are currently there and assign people on our side
to the positions. Letfs put our people back there.h People on that side said,
gThatfs not good. The people, whom we have chosen, should stay in the
positions.h In other words, they didnft want them to leave. They wanted people
to vote to see if they were happy about them or not. People on that side, those
who were backing Isbou, said they wouldn't vote, but they wanted a fist fight.
łÄAą¤ľÄă\đ˘˝ču˘˝čˇéąĆÉ¢ÄACXu¤ĚlŃĆÍAťąÉĄ˘élŃĆđ˘ÄAŢçĚĄűĚlÔđuą¤AŢçĚĄűĚlÔđOÉßť¤ĆžÁ˝B żçĚlÔÍAťęÍÇȢAŢçŞu˘˝lŃĆŞĆÇÜé׍žĆžÁ˝BÂÜčŢ窣ęȢąĆđ]ńžBŢçÉŤľÄ˘éŠŰŠĹ[đ¨ąČ¨¤Ćľ˝B żç¤ĚlÔACXu˝żĚăëɢélÔÍƢ¤ĆAŢçÍ[đľČ˘AŁč ¤źAĆžÁ˝B
\\ A'a?
Ha?
ŚŚB
M) Ni
faham. To, ngey ga car ɲaajinyoŋo din boŋ no dalgey mey waasi-waasi ka koy
har Muusa se. Muusa mo har zandarmey se kaŋ i ma ka suuba. Dalgey mey ka hu, i
k i koyrey ra kaŋ suuba borey kul ma car kubey Jomona.
You
know? Now, the delegates rushed to tell ONAHAfs head manager that they were
about to start a fist fight. The head manager also told the military police to
come the next day. The delegates also went home and told everyone to meet in
the settlement in Jomona the next day.
íŠéČBłÄAą¤ľÄŁč ˘ÉČ蝤ÉČÁ˝ąĆđAă\˝żÍĺ}ŹĹONAHAǡÉbľÉ˘Á˝BǡຽżÉžúéć¤ÉĆbľ˝Bă\˝żŕĆÉsŤAWĹžúSÄĚlŞWiĹż ¤ć¤ÉĆžÁ˝B
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
M) Ni
faham.
Do
you understand?
íŠÁ˝ŠB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
do.
íŠÁ˝B
M) Ya-din
ka te. Han din i man yenge palaa kul boŋ. Dalgey barmeyyoŋo de boŋ i yenge. Nn.
Borey kaŋ na i m i ka din na i goyo ka si ma kaan ngey se, gey ma, gey ma daŋ
gey boro tegey, borey kaŋ ne i si ka din mo, i ne boro tegey i si te ngey se,
kal gey boro zeeney. Wo de k i daŋ calla han din.
Thatfs
what happened. They didnft fight about plots that day. They fought about
delegatesf removal. Right. Those who wanted to remove them tried to remove the
ones they werenft happy with and assign their family members to the positions.
Those who didnft want to remove them said having new delegates would be
inconvenient, and they wanted the old members from their family in the
positions. Thatfs how they assigned [delegates] that day.
ť¤˘¤íŻžÁ˝ńžBťĚúlČćĚąĆÉ¢ÄÁ˝ńśáČŠÁ˝ńžBă\ĚđÖÉ¢ÄÁ˝ńžB¤ńBą¤Ćľ˝lŃĆÍAŠŞ˝żŞŤľČŠÁ˝ŇđŤAVľgŕđuą¤Ćľ˝Bą¤ĆľČŠÁ˝lŃĆÍƢ¤ĆA ˝çľ˘ŇÍssžAÓé˘ŠŞ˝żĚgઢ˘ĆžÁ˝Bą¤ľÄťĚúkă\đluŤ Á˝ńžB
\\ Ha.
Huun. E. Wo kaŋ ciito wo tun, waati fo no a tun?
Ha.
I see. Well, when did that dispute break out?
Í BÓ¤ńBŚŚAťĚWިŤ˝ĆŤA˘Â¨Ť˝ńž˘B
M) Wo-din?
Oh,
that?
ťĚąĆŠB
\\ Nn.
Yeah.
¤ńB
M) A
man tun kal wrugga kampaaɲu taacanto ga.
During
the fourth farming season under AHA.
AHAĚ4_úÚžB
\\ Taacanto.
The
fourth farming season.
4_úB
M) Nn.
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
M) Ni
faham.
You
got it?
íŠÁ˝ŠB
\\ Ay
faham.
I
got it.
íŠÁ˝B
M) Amma
wo-din hal a ma tuk hoŋo, senno din go no.
But
this kind of thing still happens today.
ŻÇAą¤ľ˝ąĆÍĄúŕ ébľžB
\\ Nn.
Yeah.
¤ńB
M) Senno
din ba sohoŋ a go no dargey kaŋ go no-din, i gonda boro yoŋ kaŋ se i ga kaan, i
gonda boro yoŋ kaŋ se i si kaan. I g i waafak wo din te, i ma ne ngey m i ka.
Ni faham. To, boro kaŋ i ga naŋ gey m i ka din, i naŋ ga sanno tugu-tugu ganda.
Boro kul yoŋ si ba i ma ma, i ma ne ngey ka, zama hal war.., dalgey ma.., wan da
gey ka ne i ma gey ka, kul i gan jukkey.
This
kind of thing still happens today. Those delegates over there, they have people
who are happy with them and people who are not happy with them. They form an
alliance for the common goal, to remove them. You understand? Now, those who
want to remove them keep it underground. They donft want anyone to know. They
donft want people to say they are attempting to remove them. Because if the
delegates find out that you guys are c, you guys and they are trying to remove
them, you will get fined immediately.
ą¤˘¤b͢ÜĹŕ éA żçɢéă\AŢçÉÍAŢçÉŤľÄ˘él˝żŞ˘ÄAŢçÉŤľÄ˘Č˘lŞ˘éBŢçÍą¤ľć¤ĆŻżˇéAŢçđą¤ĆBíŠéŠBłÄAŢçđą¤ĆˇéŇÍAťĚbđnşÉBˇBNÉŕCĂŠę˝Č˘AŢçđą¤ĆľÄ˘éĆžíę˝Č˘AƢ¤ĚŕAྨ܌˝żŞcA¨ÜŚ˝żĆŢ窹¤ĆľÄ˘éĆă\ŞCâ˝çA¨ÜŚÉ͡ŽÉąŕŞČłęéB
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
M) Ni
faham. Bora ga bey kaŋ i ga nga kaabo. Amma a gan jukke ka hun.
You
understand? People know who are on their side. But he can impose a fine on you.
íŠÁ˝ŠBlÍNŞŠŞĚĄűŠmÁĢéBŻÇŢͨ܌ɹŕđȡąĆŞĹŤé
\\ A,
a, a. Hal i ga jukke ka hun, i si hin ka vot?
Ah,
ah, ah. If they get fined and get disqualified from the co-op, can they not
vote?
A A BŕľąŕđČłęÄo˝çAŢçÍ[ōȢ̊B
M) N?
Yeah.
¤ńB
\\ I
si hin ka te Vot?
They
canft?
[ōȢ̊B
M) I
si. Hal dalgey daato to, k i ga ne i m i ka wo, voto si no.
They
canft. When the delegatesf term is over, those who tried to remove them have no
votes.
ōȢBă\ĚúúŞ˝çAą¤ĆžÁ˝ŇÍƢ¤ĆA[ŞČ˘B
\\ Sanga,
paley koyo hinne no i ga hin ka vot?
So
is it only plot owners that can vote?
ÂÜčAlČć̿垯Ş[ˇéĚŠB
M) Oho.
* Han din mo hane da no yenga ga te, han k i ga dalgey barmey. Han din no i ga
ba, han din wo, a si te wrugga ra, amiiru koyre no a ga te. Han k i ga dalgey
barmey i ga koy amiiru koyra, alfaro kul ga car kubey. Amiiru ma te seede, wo
kaŋ boŋ i salaŋ. Kaŋ ba suuba da sanno tun, dalgey.., borey kaŋ gonda cimi din
ga ne : áWallahi amiiru jine noâ. Wrugga ra no-din hinne i ga kond'a amiiru.
Right.
*[silent for five seconds] On that day, on the day of a dispute, on the day
when the delegates are replaced, on that day, it takes place at the chieffs
house, not at the AHA office. On the day when the delegates are replaced, all
co-op members get together at the chieffs house, and they talk about this
matter in front of the chief, who acts as a witness. If they bring it up [= if
they start fighting] the next day, the delegates c, the righteous people say,
gWallahi, the chief is listening.h Thatfs the only time AHA brings in the
chief.
B*k5bžŮlťĚúÍƢ¤ĆA˘Ş éúAă\ŞÖŚçęéúBťĚúÍAAHAĹÍČAşˇîŨąČíęéBă\đÖŚéúAńˇîÉSgőŞWéBńˇŞŘlĆČÁÄAąĚąĆÉ¢Äbľ íęéBžúbŞŕż ŞÁ˝kŕߪ¨Ť˝lơęÎAă\cAłľ˘lÔÍAub[qńˇĚOžźvĆž¤BAHAĹÍťĚąĆžŻŞAńˇÉŕżąÜęéB
To,
da i koy, dalgey ga ci i se kaŋ gey daato to, da i ga daŋ boro tegi yoŋ, i ma
daŋ boro tegi yoŋ, da i ga fenda boro zeeney, i ma fenda boro zeeney. To, han
di no i ga ba, albeerey kaŋ ga hay fo bey, i ma salaŋ jamaa se. Zama hal i ne
borey kaŋ go no-din, i m i ka, i ma daŋ boro fo yoŋ. Waati fo, ay wo ay bora
kaŋ ay ga ba i ma daŋ. Ni wo a si kaan ni se. Waati fo ni wo, kaŋ a si kaan ni
se din, ni bumbo ga ba i ma n daŋ. Wal manti ya-din?
Now,
when they get there, the delegates tell them the day has come. If new people
are to be assigned to the positions, new people are assigned to the positions.
If the old people are to remain in the positions, the old people remain in the
positions. Now, [if the delegates are to be removed,] this is a perfect day.
Knowledgeble elders talk to those who have gathered. Thatfs because people on
that side say they are going to remove them and assign different people to the
positions. For example, I hope my family members get the positions of delegates
one day. You are not happy about that. If you are not happy about that, you
hope you will get the position another time. Isnft that right?
łÄAŢçŞsĆAă\ÍŢçÉťĚúŞ˝ąĆđ°éAVľ˘lŃĆŞuŠęéĚČçVľ˘lđuŤAâlŃĆŞŻCˇéČçâlŃĆđŻCłšéBłÄAkă\đơęÎl]Üľ˘ĚÍąĚúžA¨đmÁĢéNˇŇ˝żŞAWÁ˝lÉbˇBƢ¤ĚŕA żçɢélŃĆÍAŢçđŤAĘĚlŃĆđuĆž¤B˝ĆŚÎ é@ďÉAąĚ´ŞA´ĚgŕŞuŠęéąĆđ]ŢB¨ÜŚÍƢ¤ĆAťęŞsžBťęŞsČçAĘĚ@ďɨ܌ÍA¨ÜŚŠgŞuŠęéąĆđ]ŢBť¤śáȢŠB
\\ Huhun.
Hm,
hm.
ÓńÓńB
M) To,
ya-din no i ga ci boro se kaŋ, i ma fenda muuti-muuti senno din. Dalgeytara wo
boro kuul kaŋ huro a ra. Wan da boro wo ma ma car dori, wan da boro ma ma car
kaani. I ne, i ma ci i se mo, kaŋ ba manti dalgeytara, anndunɲa gorey bumo ya-din no. Naŋ ga
gomuni te boro se, wal taali te boro se, i ma fend'ey. Ga ti da borey kul
waafaku wo-din boŋ, i ma ne ngey fend'ey. Da i ne ngey fend'ey mo, i ga fend'ey
kul, ifo go no kaŋ dalgeytara din, a si ma nga jindey hawzu, wal a si ma..., k ey
ka nga goyo te. Gey ci i se kaŋ filaana din, a si ma te ya-cine, a si ma te
ya-cine. I ma a barmey.
Now,
then someone tells you to forget it [= the dispute] because it does more harm
than good. Everyone thatfs been assigned to the delegate position shares ups
and downs with you guys. Then they add itfs not just the position of delegate,
but thatfs how life itself is. Sometimes, you are a recipient of blessings.
Sometimes, you are a victim of fraud. Let it be. If everyone agrees, they let
it be. Even if they have been told to let it be, some of the delegates canft
oversee their floodgates or c do their job properly. People say that person
canft do this and that. Then they say he should be replaced.
łÄAˇéĆAť¤ľ˝LQłvČbkŕßlÍâßĨŻĆžíęéBă\ĚnĘÉüÁ˝ŇSőŞA¨ÜŚ˝żĆęyđĆŕɡéBłçÉą¤žíęéAă\ĚnĘžŻĹÍČAąĚ˘ĚśŠĚŞť¤˘¤ŕĚČĚžAĆBśbŞČłęéąĆŕ ęÎAsłŞČłęéąĆŕ éA٤ÁĨŻAĆBąĚąĆÉSőŞŻÓˇęÎA٤ÁĨą¤Ć˘¤ąĆÉČéB٤ÁĨą¤Ćžíę˝ĆľÄŕAă\ĚČŠÉÍ
ĺđÄÂōȢŇA é˘ÍcAŤżńĆťĚdŞĹŤČ˘ŇŞ˘éB ĚŇÍA ęŞĹŤČ˘AąęŞĹŤČ˘ĆžíęéBÖŚć¤Ć˘¤ąĆÉČéB
*
Amma da i na wo-din ka ban banda, dalgey wo ya-din, hal ifo go i ra, kaŋ go ma
taali te kaŋ alfarey ga a bey, dalgey ga a bey. Amma a daato man to, kaŋ ga naŋ
a ma hun. Kaŋ a bey nga si hun de se a go ma taali te din, sohoŋ, dalgey da
cara din da, i ga a ka. Ni faham.
*[silent
for three seconds] But after this kind of [meeting], [even after] delegates
have been [assigned], some of them still commit fraud. Then the co-op members
find out about it, and the rest of the delegates find out about it, too. But if
the term hasnft ended yet, he will not leave the position. Because he knows he
wonft have to leave, he commits such fraud. If that happens, his colleagues
remove him. Does that make sense?
*k3bžŮlŻęÇAą¤ľ˝kbľ ˘lŞIíÁ˝ăAă\Şą¤ľÄkßçę˝ăĹłŚlAČŠÉÍsłđ¨ąČ¤ŇŞ˘ÄAgőŞťęđmčAă\ŕťęđméBŻęÇAŕľúúŞÄ˘Č˘ĚČçAŢÍŁęȢAŠŞŞŁęȢąĆđmÁĢéŠçąťAŢÍť¤ľ˝słđˇéAť¤ľ˝Î ˘ÉÍAă\ÔŞŢđBíŠéŠB
\\ Ay
faham.
It
does.
íŠéB
M) I
ga maayo tuusu huwo do i ma ka dalgeytarey, i ma ci a se mo kaŋ, hal a ka huwo
do, kul a sinda pala. De i na wo-din te a se, i ma ye ka ka alfarey do, i ma ci
i se kaŋ filaana kal filaana gey na ka dalgeytara ra ciini. Amma i ma guna boro
kaŋ ga kaan ngey se, i ma samb ka daŋ dogo ra. I ma samb ka daŋ.
His
name is erased from the paper at the head office, and he gets removed from the
delegatefs position. When he goes to the head office, they tell him that there
are no more plots for him. Then in the evening, the farmers tell him that he
has been removed from the delegatefs position. Then his replacement, a person
who is likely to make people happy, is going to be selected.
ąÇĹźOŞÁłęAă\ŠçŠęéAŢŞąÇÉéĆAŕ¤lČćÍȢźĆžíęéBťęŠçéA_ŻĚĆąëĹANXÍă\ĚnĘŠçŠę˝Ć°çęéBŢĚnĘÉuŠęéŇAŤ˘ŇŞŠčßçęéąĆÉČéB
\\ Huhun.
Ay faham.
I
see. I got it.
ÓńÓńBíŠÁ˝B
M) Oho.
Yeah.
B
\\ Ayyo.
Amma ay wo ke, ay ga bey, e, del..., delgey kaŋ huro kampaaɲu sitinanta, ga ti mey da mey no?
I
see. But I know. Letfs see. Who got the positions of de---, delegates in the
first farming season?
ť¤ŠBŻÇA´ÍmÁÄéAŚŚĆAăAă\ÉĹĚ_GÉüÁ˝ĚÍANB
M) Delgey
kaŋ huro kampaaɲu sintinanta?
Delegates
in the first farming season?
ĹĚ_GĚă\Š˘B
\\ N'hun.
Yeah.
B
M) Ir
here borey wo, * Saaba wo, K.L.[117] hinne ka cindi.
On
our side *[silent for three seconds], in Saaba, KL is the only one thatfs still
there.
´˝żĚ¤ÍƢ¤Ć*k3bžŮlAT[oÍƢ¤ĆAK.L.žŻŞĚąÁĢéB
\\ Ho.
Ha.
٨B
M) Wey
kaŋ cindi ikkul hun.
The
rest of them left.
ĚąčÍÝČŁę˝B
\\ May
no? Sintinanta jina may no?
Who?
Who were the first delegates?
NBĹÍNžÁ˝B
M) K.L..
B.H.. Ayyo, k ey na K.L. hinne ka cindi, Summey bumbo go no, S.M. Za wrugga
sintin dalgey no. Ay ci ni se, K.L., S.M.*, B.H.
KL.
BH. Right, I said KL is the only one thatfs still there, but SM is still there,
too. SM *[saying his fatherfs name]. They are the first AHA delegates. I said
KL, SM, and BH.
K.L.BB.H[118].Bť¤žAK.L.žŻŞĚąÁĢéĆžÁ˝ŞAS.M.[119]ࢽAS.M.*kĚźđž¤lBĹĚAHAĚă\žB¨ÜŚÉžÁ˝ĚÍAK.L.AS.M.AB.H.B
\\ *
*[asks
the fatherfs name]
*kĚźđŤl
M) *
Saaba boro no. A.H.. * Mahamadu.
*[answers
the fatherfs name] He is from Saaba. AH. *[silent for ten seconds] Mahamadou.
*kĚźđž¤lT[oĚlÔžBA.H.[120]B*k10bžŮl}n}hD.[121]B
\\ N'hun.
Mahamadu ne da.
Ha.
Mahamadou here.
Ó¤ńBąąĚ}n}hDB
M) Mahamadu
go da kaŋ go Fuliyande.M.H. * Jerey no ay go guna borey jiney. *
Mahamadou
thatfs here in Fuliyande. MH. *[silent for ten seconds] Ifm trying to remember
the rest of the headmen. *[silent for four seconds]
ąątAfɢé}n}hDžBM.H.[122]B*k10błžlĚąčĚOĚlđz˘žť¤ĆľÄ˘éńžŞB*k4błžl
\\ De,
ihinkanta bine? Sanga K.L. da M.H.* ?
And
what about the second season? So KL and MM *[calling the father a wrong name].
ťęĹA2úÚÍBžŠçK.L.ĆM.M.*kĚźđÜżŞŚélB
M) M.H.*.
MH
*[correcting the fatherfs name].
M.H.*kĚźđłˇlB
\\ A,
M.H.. M.H. wo ke, a barmey wala? S.M.?
Oh,
itfs MH. He was replaced, wasnft he? SM.
AM.H.ŠAÖŚ˝ńžćËBS.M.B
M) Su..,
M.H. Looga boro no ba sohoŋ i man a barmey, a go no.
MH
is from Rooga, and he hasnft been replaced. Hefs still there.
M.H.Í[KĚlÔŢÜŕÖŚçęĢȢA˘éćB
\\ Ayyo,
a go no.
Oh
yeah? Hefs still there.
ť¤ŠB˘éĚŠB
M) Oho.
Right.
B
\\ To,
wo kaŋ wo kaŋ barmey, wo kaŋ i na barmey, ga ti mey da mey da mey?
Now,
who replaced, were replaced, who were replaced?
łÄAÖŚ˝ĚÍAÖŚçę˝ĚÍANĆNŞÖŚçę˝ńžB
M) Kaŋ
i n i barmey?
Who
were replaced?
ÖŚçę˝ŇŠB
\\ Un.
Yeah.
¤ńB
M) Wey
kaŋ ay go ce ni se din, sohoŋ da, dalgey jiney din ra, M.H., K.L., S.M.. boro
hinza wo hinne ka cindi. Boro kaŋ cindi ikkul i n i barmey.
Of
the the ones I told you, of these first delegates, only MH, KL, and SM, these
three are the only ones that are still there. The rest have been replaced.
´Ş¨ÜŚÉ°Ä˘éŇAťĚĹĚă\ĚČŠĹAM.H.AK.L.AS.M.AąĚ3lžŻŞĚąÁĢéBĚąčÍSőÖíÁ˝B
\\ N.
Yeah.
¤ńB
M) Ni
faham. Kaŋ i n i barmey din mo, i barmey-barmey yoŋey din banda, borey k i
barmey din ba.
Do
you understand? There is quite a number of delegates that have been replaced
after the first ones.
íŠéŠBťĚÖŚçę˝Ň˝żĆ˘¤ĚŕAťĚđÖĚăÉÖŚçę˝lÍAˇ˛¨¨˘B
\\ To.
Ya-din ga jina Fuliyande no ay ga ba ay ma bey. E, Mahamadu, a huro a ra.
Wo-din banda mey no ka huro? Buuba?
Now,
so I want to know about Fuliyande first. Letfs see, Mahamadou became a
delegate. After that, who became one? Buba?
łÄAžŠçܸtAfĚąĆđ´Ím轢BŚŚĆA}n}hDŞüÁ˝BťĚ ĆNŞüÁ˝ŠBu[oŠB
M) Buuba.
Buuba banda...
It
was Buba. After Buba c.
u[oBu[oĚăÍcB
\\ Suley?
Sourey.
XC[123]B
M) Suley.
Suley banda B.A..
Sourey.
After Souray, it was BA.
XCBXCĚăAB.A.B
\\ Hun.
Ay faham.
Ha.
I see.
Ó¤ńBíŠÁ˝B
M) Amma,
Mahamadu wo, ba kaŋ i na ka. Mahamadu dalgey ka ka, manti alfarey ka ka.
But
as for Mahamadou, itfs the delegates who made Mahamadou leave, not the co-op
members.
ŻÇAťĚ}n}hDÍƢ¤ĆANŞ}n}hDđÖŚ˝ĚŠĆ˘¤ĆAă\ŞÖŚ˝ńĹ ÁÄAgőŞÖŚ˝ĚĹÍȢB
\\ Dalgey
ka ka?
The
delegates removed him.
ă\Ş˘˝B
M) Dalgey
ka Mahamadu ka.
Right.
The delegates removed him.
ă\Ş}n}hDđ˘˝ńžB
\\ Ho.
Ha.
٨B
M) Mahamadu
wo kaŋ i na daŋ dalgeytarey ba sohoŋ kaŋ ay go salaŋ wo, Mahamadu cine hinka
kul si no.
Mahamadou
was assigned to a delegate position. Up until this point where Ifm talking to
you right now, what happened to Mahamadou has never happened.
}n}hDÍƢ¤ĆAă\ĚnĘÉuŠę˝íŻžŞA´ŞbľÄ˘éąĚɢ˝éÜĹA}n}hDĚć¤ČąĆÍńxĆČŠÁ˝B
\\ Ha?
Ha.
Í B
M) Wo
kaŋ se dalgey na a ka. Wo kaŋ i waafaku ka naŋ gey ma te alfarey boŋ gey dalgey
kul, ga no Mahamadu ga ne taali no. Ga si yedda. : á* wo da wan d'a ga goy ma si a zamba. Ma key
a se, fisbillahi. Irkoy bundo raâ. Wo ka to
Mahamadu da dalgey din i ma car dori, i ma car dori. Hal dalgey na Mahamadu ka.
Let
me tell you why the delegates removed him. They agreed about the co-op members.
All of the delegates agreed. They said Mahamadou committed fraud there, and
that they could not condone it. They said, gSuch a *[inaudible]. Cheating is
not part of your or his job. For Godfs sake, make it right at any cost.h Thatfs how Mahamadou and the delegates felt pain.
Finally, the delegates removed Mahamadou.
Čşă\ŞŢ𢽊Ƣ¤ĆžČBŢçŞgőĚąĆÉ¢ÄÓľ˝ńžAŢçă\SőŞÓľ˝AťĚąĆđ}n}hDŞsłžĆžÁ˝BͳȢAĆBuť¤ľ˝*kˇŤĆčsÂ\lA¨ÜŚ˝żĆŢĚdÍAéxˇąĆĹÍȢB_̲ɨ˘ÄłšAâÎÉvBą¤ľÄ}n}hDĆă\˝żÍAÉÝđoŚ ˘AÉÝđoŚ Á˝B¢Éă\˝żÍA}n}hDđ˘˝B
\\ N?
Ay man faham. N? Dalgey kaŋ go ga cindi ga ne fo? De Mahamadu ga ne fo?
Mm?
I donft understand. Mm? What did the rest of the delegates say? Then what did
Mahamadou say?
ńBíŠçȢČBńBă\ĚĚąčŞČńĆžÁ˝BťęĹ}n}hDŞČńĆžÁ˝B
M) Ni
bey da hal dalgey marga, i naŋ gey margaa te, dalgey wafaaku wo din, ikkul ga
hin ka car kubey huwo do, i ma salaŋ. Kaŋ gey ma te goy ya-cine filaana wruggaa
ra. Hal Mahamadu di kaŋ, sanno din, a si booli. A ga koy fatta zamba do ni cara
do here, ka ne a ga ma i se nga man yedda. Gen d'ey ma yenge huwo do. kal i ma
mooru. I ma fenda senno din. Zama hal jama kul marga din, d i na senno salaŋ,
da boro folloŋ ne senno a man te, gey si yedda.
Listen.
The delegates get together, have a meeting, then they reach an agreement there.
Everyone gets together at the office to discuss who does what job at the AHA.
Mahamadou didnft think that was a good idea. He said he would not be part of
his colleaguesf conspiracy anymore, and that he would not condone it. They
fought at the office and finally separated. His opinion was ignored. Thatfs
because when everyone gets together in a meeting to discuss something, and one
person says itfs not a good idea, they wonft listen to him.
˘˘ŠAă\˝żÍWÜÁÄAďđľÄAťąĹă\ÍÓˇéíŻžANXŞAHAĹą¤˘¤dđˇéć¤ÉĆbľ ¤˝ßASőŞąÉWÜéB}n}hDÍAťĚbÍÇȢĆlŚ˝BŢÍAťĚÔŞľÄ˘ééÝŠçoÄAͳȢƞÁ˝BŢçÍąÇŢAƤƤጽBŢĚĺŁÍA٤ÁĨŠęéąĆÉČÁ˝BƢ¤ĚŕAą¤ľÄSőŞďđľÄAc_ľÄA˝žęlŞťĚbÍÇȢƢÁÄŕAŢçÍłřľČ˘ŠçžB
\\ I
si.
They
wonft.
łęȢB
M) I
ga fenda senno. I ma te, wo kaŋ si kaan jama se kaŋ i si ba ngey ma te, To,
wo-din dalgey kul waafaku i di kaŋ Mahamadu ka si man gey gana. I na Mahamadu
ka.
His
opinion was ignored. They decided to do what they wouldnft want to happen to
themselves, what would make people unhappy. Now, all the delegates agreed on
this, and it became clear that Mahamadou was the only one that wasnft going to
follow through. They decided to remove Mahamadou.
ŢĚĺŁÍ٤ÁĨŠęéąĆÉČÁ˝BŢçÍAŢçÉłę˝Č˘ąĆAsđľąĆđˇéąĆÉľ˝BłÄAă\SőŞąĚąĆÉÓľÄA}n}hDžŻŞŢçÉ]íȢąĆŞžçŠĆČÁ˝BŢçÍ}n}hDđąĆÉľ˝B
M) Ni
faham. Mahamadu wo, a cimo ciiyoŋo se no i na ka, manti alfarey ka ka.
You
got it? Mahamadou was removed for saying the right thing. He wasnft removed by
the co-op members.
íŠÁ˝ŠB}n}hDÍƢ¤ĆAłľ˘ąĆđ壾˝˝ßÉŠę˝AgőÉŠę˝ĚĹÍȢńžB
\\ Ay
faham. Ayyo. De wo-din banda, Buuba no ka hur a ra. Amma delgey no ka Mahamadu
ka.
I
got it. I see. Then after that, Buba became a delegate. But it was the
delegates who removed Mahamadou.
íŠÁ˝Bť¤ŠBťęĹťĚ ĆAu[oŞťąÉüÁ˝BŻÇ}n}hDÍă\˝żŞ˘˝B
M) Nn.
Buuba mo, alfarey ka ka.Buuba din, alfarey, i ne a naŋ si jindo hawzu. Koyne mo
da borey go taali te a si du koy i boŋ. Ya-din ga i ne a go no da a si no yoŋo
kul ga saba.
Right.
Buba was removed by the co-op members. The co-op members said Buba wasnft
overseeing his floodgate properly. In addition, even when somebody commited
fraud, he wouldnft go there to do something about it. So they said it didnft
matter if he was there or not.
Bu[oÍƢ¤ĆgőŞ˘˝BąĚu[oÍA
ĺđľȢĆgőÉžíę˝BťĚ¤ŚNŠŞsłđľÄŕAsą¤ĆľČ˘BžŠç˘éĚŕ˘Č˘Ě௜žĆžíę˝ńžB
\\ Ha.
Hu hun.
Ha.
I see.
Í BÓńÓńB
M) Ni
faham. Lokco kaŋ i na B.K. ka din. Waati din, Fuliyande borey nongo din boro
kul si a ra.
You
got it? Once Buba was removed, there was no one representing Fuliyande.
íŠÁ˝ŠBu[oŞŠę˝ĆČéĆAtAfĚlÔĚęÉÍANŕ˘Č˘B
\\ Ho.
Ha.
٨B
ML Delgey
cindi yegga.
Nine
delegates remained.
ă\Ş9lĚąéB
\\ Ho.
Ha ha.
Ha.
Hm, hm.
٨BÍ AÍ B
M) I
na Suley daŋ.
Sourey
was assigned to the position.
XCŞuŠę˝B
\\ Hun.
Hmm.
ÓńB
M) Hari
wo da. To, Hari din mo kaŋ i na daŋ, ga mo Mahamadou wono din da dumo no a ga
te.
About
Sourey c, after Sourey was assigned to the position, he did something similar
to what Mahamadou did.
ťĚXCžBłÄAą¤ľÄuŠę˝XCÍƢ¤ĆAŢŕ}n}hDĚŢĚąĆđľ˝B
\\ A?
Ah.
B
M) Da
i salaŋ, i salaŋ, i salaŋ. Ni bey, a gonda gokka. A ma ne ni se taali no, nga
man yedda. Ga mo ganda dalgey din di, i di, ga mo dalgey ka ka. Ni faham.
They
had a discussion. They discussed, and you know, he gets stubborn in a
discussion. He would say to you, gThatfs fraud. Ifm not going to condone it.h
So the delegates thought, thought hard. He also got removed by the delegates.
You understand?
c_Ş ÁÄAc_łęAc_łęéĆAmÁÄéžëAŢÍćĹžB¨ÜŚÉŕAsłžAͳȢƞ¤žë¤BťęĹă\˝żÍlŚAlŚ˝BŢŕă\ÉŠę˝BíŠéČB
\\ Huuhun.
Hm,
hm.
ÓńÓńB
M) Kaŋ
Dalgey na ka din, i naŋ sobey ka waafaku da alfarey ka ne i ma a barmey. Ga ti
i na Suley ka, i na B.A. daŋ.
The
delegates removed him, then they made an agreement with the co-op members, and
said they should replace him. Sourey was removed, and BA was assigned to the
position.
ă\ŞŢđ˘ÄAŢçŞÂâÄgőĆÓľÄA֌椞Á˝BXCŞŠęAB.A.ŞuŠę˝B
\\ May
no ka wenji?
Who
refused?
NŞŰľ˝ĚB
M) N?
Mm?
ńB
\\ May
no ka wenji Suley se? Sanga delgey da alfarey kaŋ wenji Suley delgeytara.
Who
refused Sourey? I mean did the delegates and the co-op members refuse to let
Souray keep the delegate position?
NŞXCđŰľ˝BÂÜčă\ĆgőŞXCĚă\ĚnĘđŰľ˝ĚŠB
M) Alfarey.
Alfarey kul ka ne.
The
co-op members did. All the co-op members said so.
gőžBgőÝČŞžÁ˝B
\\ Ne
da Fuliyande borey?
Are
they from Fuliyande?
ąątAfĚlÔŠB
M) Ne
da Fuliyande borey.
They
are from Fuliyande.
ąątAfĚlÔžB
\\ Amma
ay man faham. Zama Mahamadu senno...
But
I donft understand. I mean, according to Mahamadou c.
ŻÇíŠçȢČBƢ¤Ěŕ}n}hDĚbĹÍcB
ML Fuliyande.
Fuliyande borey wey, manti gey ka Suley ka.Manti Fuliyande koyra borey no. Kaŋ Suley
go dalgeytara ra, kaŋ wo kaŋ a go ma te si kaan dalgey se din, dalgey man har
kal Saaba here da Looga here borey se. Ni faham. I na ngey waafak wo te,
no-here borey ne Fuliyande borey si ma Suley barme. Ni faham. Ga ti i na hari
barmey yoŋo din.
Fuliyande.
The people of Fuliyande didnft remove Sourey. It wasnft the people of the
Fuliyande settlement. When Sourey was in the delegate position, the rest of the
delegates didnft like what he was doing, but the delegates only told the people
of Saaba and Rooga about it. You understand? They, or the people over there, formed
an alliance. The people of Fuliyande didnft try to replace Sourey. You
understand? Thatfs the story of Soureyfs removal.
tAfBąątAfĚlÔAŢçŞXCđ˘˝ńśáȢBtAfWĚlÔśáȢBXCŞă\ĚnĘÉ Á˝ĆŤAă\˝żÍŢ̡éąĆŞsžÁ˝ńžŞAă\˝żŞťĚąĆđbľ˝ĚÍAT[oĆ[KĚlÔžBíŠéŠBŢçŞA żçĚlŃĆŞŻżľ˝ńĹ ÁÄAąątAfĚlÔÍXCđÖŚć¤ĆľČŠÁ˝BíŠéŠBťęŞXCĚđÖĚbžB
\\ Huun.
Ó¤ńB
M) Ya-cine
no. Da manti Fuliyande gungo borey ka ka. Fuliyande gungo borey wey, hal a ma
tuk hunkuna i man dalgey kul ka. Ba gey ka senno te da, boro man salaŋ ay se
kaŋ na a kaŋ ay haŋa ra. Ay bumbo ay man du wo-din beyra. Ay man ma i ma ne
Fuliyande gungo borey ka dalgey kul ka.
ť¤˘¤ąĆžBtAfĚlÔŞ˘˝ńśáȢBtAfĚlÔÍƢ¤ĆAĄúÜĹAÇĚă\ŕ˘Ä˘Č˘B˝ĆŚť¤˘¤bŞ Á˝ĚžĆľÄŕAlŞ´Ébľ˝ąĆÍȢA´Ě¨ÉÍüÁÄȢB´ŠgÍƢ¤ĆAť¤ľ˝îń͌ĢȢBtAfĚlÔŞă\đ˘˝ĆžíęĢéąĆđA´ÍŤ˘˝ąĆŞČ˘B
\\ Ha.
Ha.
Í B
M) Ni
faham.
Do
you understand?
íŠéŠB
\\ Buuba
mo ya-din no?
Is
Buba the same way?
u[o໤ČĚŠB
M) Buuba
mo ya-din no. Buuba wo, a naŋ si koy jindo boŋ, a si koy waati kul waati kul. A
go Kooru-gungu da a ga koy. Kaŋ a si koy mo, de i ci a se taali go te, da a
koy, bora kaŋ sinda cimi din, a si duka boŋ, a si ha kul. I ne ya-din, a go no
da a si no yoŋo kul ga saba. I ma barmey.
Buba
is the same way. Buba never goes to his floodgate. He never ever goes. He is
usually in Korgoungou Island and goes [to the AHA sometimes]. When he doesnft
go, even if he is told someone has commited fraud, and even if he goes to the
scene, he wouldnft scold that person. He doesnft do anything. So they said it
didnft matter if he was there or not.
u[o໤žBu[oÍƢ¤ĆA
ĺĚĆąÉÍsŠČ˘ľA˘Âŕ˘ÂŕsŠČ˘BR[OOɢÄAk˝ÜÉAHAÉlsBsŠČ˘ĆŤŕAsłŞČłę˝Ćžíę˝ĆľÄŕAťęŽƌsÁ˝ĆľÄŕAłľČ˘lÔđAśë¤ĆľČ˘BŢÍ˝ŕľČ˘Bťęśá A˘Äŕ˘ČÄ௜žĆžíę˝ńžB
\\ Ne
da Fuliyande borey wo ke, i man ne i ma barmey?
Didnft
the people of Fuliyande say, gLetfs remove himh?
ąątAfĚlÔÍAÖŚć¤Ć͢íČŠÁ˝ĚŠB
M) I
ma a barmey. Nn.
Letfs
remove him. Yeah.
ÖŚć¤ĆB¤ńB
\\ I
man, i man ne?
Didnft
they say that?
žíČŠÁ˝ĚŠB
M) I
man ne jindo kaŋ boŋ a go din, Fuliyande borey si no.
They
didnft. There was no one from Fuliyande under the floodgates he was in charge
of.
žíČŠÁ˝łAŢŞSľ˝
ĺÉAtAfĚlÔ͢ȊÁ˝B
\\ Ho.
Ay faham.
Ha.
I see.
٨BíŠÁ˝B
kăŞlkLater part omittedl
kOŞl[Earlier part omitted]
@I wone, i wone fitina senno ga ti gey bumey da gan da T.F. yoŋ kul
bere jindo fo din da T.F. yoŋ go ne-hare kambo, i go ne-here kambo. S.K. no ga jindo hay, a pala a man to.
T.K. mo ka ka feeri beene. S.K. ne hal fo se a ga feeri nga palaa man to. T.K.
mo ne ga ga nga palaa feeri a naŋ ga hari nooru bana, ga ga bana. Ya-din ga ga
ga nga palaa feeri. I sobey ka kosongo din te, i sobey kosongo te, kal de i
sintinka car wow. k ay sobey ka car wow din, i na boro kul koyo gobu sambu ka
ka ka car kar.
Their conflict, their conflict went like this. There is a floodgate
for them and TF and his guys. TF and others are over here, and they [TK and SK]
are over there. Because SK opened the floodgate, his plot didnft get enough
water. TK also opened the gate. SK said to him, gWhy do you open the gate even
though my plot doesnft have enought water yet?h TK responded and said, gIfm paying
for water. Because Ifm paying, I can open the gate.h They went on to make a
scene like that, make a scene like that, and finally, they started cursing at
each other. They started cursing at each other, and everyone took a stick to
hit each other. They were going to hit each other.
@ŢçĚŕßAŢçĚŕßƢ¤ĚÍAŢçŠgĆT.F.˝żÝČĚ
ĺŞ ÁÄAT.F.˝żŞążç¤ĹAŢçkT.K.ĆS.K.lÍ żç¤É˘éBS.K.Ş
ĺđJŻéĚĹAŢĚČćÉÍ
ŞżČ˘AT.K.ŕăđJŻéBS.K.Íž¤AČşŠŞĚČćŞÜžżÄ˘Č˘ĚÉJŻéńžBT.K.ࢤA
ĚăŕđĽÁĢéĚÍŠŞžAŠŞŞĽÁĢéĚžŠçAČćđJĚžBŢçÍť¤ĺŹľÂĂŻA叾ÂĂŻA¢ÉÍlč ˘Íśß˝Blč ˘đÍśßÄASőŞŁč ¤˝ßÉ_đĆÁ˝BŁč ¨¤Ćľ˝ńžB
kăŞl[Later part omitted]
@Ir me a me Wogey no. Ir me a me
borey kul kaŋ ni ga di borey, i me a me Wogey no. Ni bey, da ni ga laasabu,
sohoŋ ir ga di war, ir ga ne Annasaarey, to, war kul ga bey dumi kaŋ ti war, ba
kaŋ war kul Annasaarey no.
We are all Wogos. We, the
people you are looking at right now, every single one of us is a Wogo. Look.
Think about it. We look at you guys now and call you guys gwhites.h But you
guys, who are all whites, know yourselves what dumi you guys belong to.
@´˝żÍÝČEHSžB¨ÜŚŞŠÄ˘élÔĹ é´˝żA´˝żÍąĆ˛ĆEHSžB˘˘ŠAlŚÄÝëBĄ´˝żÍ¨ÜŚ˝żđŠÄA¨ÜŚ˝żđlĆćńŢéBžŞÝČlĹ éĆąę̈܌˝żA¨ÜŚ˝żŞÇ¤˘¤hD~ČĚŠÍA¨ÜŚ˝żŠgŞmÁĢéB
@To, ya-din ti ir baahuna. Ir goyda
Gorɲo-haamey, ir goyda Bonda-haamey, ir
goyda Birow-haamey, ir goyda..., hayow, ir ga ne Gaawo-boro fo kaŋ ir ra,
wey-din kul Wogey no.
Isnft that right? Thatfs
how we are as living things. We have Gornyo-haamey. We have Bonda-haamey. We
have Billow-haamey. We are c, let me see, we have Gaao-boro among us. These are
all Wogos.
@ť¤žë¤B´˝żśŤÄ˘é¨Íť¤˘¤ŕĚČńžB´˝żÉÍSjEn[CŞ˘éA´˝żÉÍ{_En[CŞ˘éA´˝żÉÍrEEn[CŞ˘éA´˝żÍcAŚŚĆA´˝żÉÜÜęéK[IE{Ş˘éBąęçÍÝČEHSžB
@Ir de no ga fey-fey, ir ga, boro
kul ga bey ha kaŋ dumo ti i ga.
We are the ones who categorize ourselves. Everyone knows which dumi
they belong to.
@´˝żŠgŞ´˝żŠgđćʾĢéBÝČŠŞŞÇĚhD~ČĚŠđmÁĢéB
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gEWrGÍ|ÍAJGĚJnOɨąČíęéŽnŠçÍśÜéBďĚIÉÍAŕ˛đpľÄkNđ¨ąČ˘AĚąłęĢ˝gEWrGĚŞâŹÁŘđľAWßÄRâˇBąĚěĆđ 犜ߨąČÁĨŻÎAdíăĚśçŞćČéĆłęéB˝žľąĚěĆŞľiɨąČíęéąĆÍÜęĹ éBgEWrGÍ|ĚŔżIN_ĆČéĚÍŢľëAJGăĚdíĹ éBdíźOĚiKĹkNđ¨ąČ¤Ň͡ČȢB˝žľąĚěĆŞ¨ąČíęéĚŕAŠçŞˇŢWÉߢAärIŹłČ¨ÉŔçęéB
@díÍĚć¤É¨ąČíęéBkNă é˘Í˘kNĚynÉŹljŤŞˇżĚLĹ[ł10cmŮÇĚdíđźüÉ ŻÄ˘Bq⍪ťĚÉíđądŤAŤĹyđŠÔšé(Ę^3)BgEWrGĚdíźăɨȜâčűĹTTQŞdíłęéąĆŕ é(ŹdÍłęȢ)BÍÓ¤1ńͨąČíęé(Ę^4)B1ńÚĚÍ"farmi"ĆÄÎęAąĚěĆđ¨ąČ¤ąĆÍ"far"ĆÄÎęéB{Íđp˘éű@ĆlÍŨąČ¤ű@ĆŞ éB{Íđp˘éű@ĆľÄÍAŕ˛đp˘ÄgEWrGĚÔđkNľGđłEˇéű@ĆAępĚĺ^ĚđYÉĐŠšéű@Ş éBlÍŨąČ¤Î ˘ÉÍA"kumbu"Ƣ¤ˇżĚđp˘éBlÍĹĚÉÍÜęÉŹlŤŞQÁˇéB2ńÚĚÍAâčűÍ1ńÚĚƨȜŠéŞA"keyya"ĆÄÎęAćĘłęéB
@űnÍAiíÉŕćéŞdíŠçń3JăÉÍśÜé(Ę^5)B2mŮÇĚłÉČégEWrGđľČ°AŹĹäĚŞžŻđ čĆÁĢBűnłę˝äÍ20`30{ÉŠÉłęAq é˘ÍĆŽŕĹŁEŰśłęéBŹlŤŞűnÉÁíéąĆŕÜęĹÍȢŞAťĚÎ ˘AjŤĆˇÍ˝ĆŚěĆÉÁíÁ˝ĚŞČĹ ë¤ĆşĹ ë¤ĆAÓçĆľÄgEWrGęŠŮÇđ^ŚéBČăŞgEWrGĚÍ|@Ĺ éBgEWrGÉÂŽî˛ě¨Ĺ čAąĚ¨ĆŹěłęéąĆި¨˘RVŕAŮڨȜű@ĹÍ|łęéB
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@ZŻä A[Ĺč AŚŻgĚźëAşoŞ˝ßóAlŢwŇĚtB[hm[gČÇAßăIČÇÝŤZpĆŠŠíélXȨ𤌡éŞAK[RCşĚĂVA_ŞęÁ˝tXAŻnťđߎé`ł˘Eɨ˘ÄÍAA[Ě^đLľ˝(NA[)ÉΡéAAŻnIßăĚsđđ\۾Ģ˝BulƢ¤ŕĚÍAŕľđ˘Á˝ń˘ÄľÜÁ˝çAťęđńxĆjçȢľAÁľŕľČ˘B˝ĆŚÎNžÁÄANŠÉťĚđÁšĆ˘íęÄŕšłľČ˘žë¤vB
@ťŔ é˘ÍęčĚČŠĹA˝lČlIÖWĚČŠŠçcćĆĚnÖWÉŕĆâ˝ęčĚÍÍĚÝŞWcĆľÄŘčžłęéŰÉ\oˇéA\KCnĐďÉĹLĚ´Bu vĆÍDPľ˝Ťâuś¨wIveqÖWĚg(˝žľ\KCęĚnęčɨ˘ÄÍAjŕqđuYŢv)B{eŞuĺve°vâuę°vĆÄÔĚÍąĚÓĄĹĚWcBuonoŠ´vĆđˇéąĆŕsÂ\ĹÍȢŞAoŠTOđľ§ČÓĄĹp˘é˝ßA{eĹÍąĚpęđđŻÄ˘éBńˇâťĚę°ÍAÁčĚcćĆĚnÖWĚLłÉćÁÄŠźđćĘľAťĚnĘ𳝡éB
jWF[ź\KCnĐďɨŻélĚŞŢTOB hD~ÍA çäéíŢĚĐďI é˘ÍŠRIŞŢ`Žđ¤ŚľAźĆćĘłęéÜĆÜčđč`ˇéTOĹ éŞAlÉKpłęéÎ ˘ÉÍAlíAݰAe°Ć˘Á˝ÓĄđŕÂB˝žľąĚÎ ˘Ěe°ĆÍAu Ě´vÉćÁÄÝÉćĘłęéAucćđĐĆÂvɡélĚÜĆÜčđłˇBK[RCşÉÍAńˇę°SjEn[CđMŞÉA5ÂĚe°Ş éĆłęéBȨAzęĆłęélŃĆÍAuĐĆÂvɡécćđŕ˝Č˘ĆłęAťęŠĚŞĐĆÂĚhD~ĆłęéB
@K[RCşĚĺve°ĚĐĆÂBNeCĆłęéŞAncŕę°ĚźĚRŕčŠĹÍȢBtAfÉLĺČynđLˇéBK[RCşĹŕÁĆŕ ˝çľ˘W{S[KÍAąĚę°đSÉ1980NăăźÉ`Źłę˝B
@K[RCşŻĚcnĆłęéjWF[ěĚĚźBŻÉ éK[RCşĹĂĚWĚźĹŕ čAŹÉćÁÄÍAsşK[RCĚŮźĆŕČéBŻşŻĚˇČŠçĘlŃĆÍAtAfąťŞąĚşĚŮńƤ̟ŠčAK[RCĆÍAŻnúÉulĚvÉLłę˝źÉˇŹČ˘Ćęé(K[RCşĚńˇÍutAfĚńˇamiiru FuliyandevĆÄÎęé)B
K[RCşĚĺve°ĚĐĆÂB¨ŕČZnÍAźÝĚW[WĆT[oWB{JWFCĆÍuŞÉĚšÄ^Ôboŋ ka jerevŞ´`BęŕÉćéĆAAŻnťČOÉgDAOĚPđóŻÄŚ°ÄŤ˝ŰAVájđâí¸AŞÉרđښĢ˝ąĆŞťĚźĚR(ąĚnćɨ˘ÄNˇjŤŞŞÉרđĚšéąĆđ ÜčćľĆłęȢ)BŇÉćéĆťĚcćÍtxĹ éŞAK[RCşĚć ŇđŠFˇélŃĆÍAąĚę°đă ŇĆÝČľAEHSâĆŻČÇƟ̡éB
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@u{_En[CvQĆB
[1] ČşAA_ĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[2] Sesbania (Sesbania pachycarpa: is the main species of the Sesbania genus in the pea family. Abounding in the Niger River basin, this grass plant or bush gets very light when dried and is a common material for harpoon floats and rafts among other items.
[3] ZXojA(wźSesbania pachycarpa)BjWF[ěŹćɨ¨ÍŚéA}ČcmNTlŽĚŘ{IČ{Ü˝ÍáŘBŁłšéĆńíÉyČčAçóĚŤâłÉpłęéB
[4] ČşAˇŤĆ貸ÉÂŤťÁĢ˝Fl[TĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[5] uŇÁ˝čAżĺ¤ÇvƢ¤ÓĄđŕÂCfBItHBąĚÎ ˘ÍAAŻnúĚlĆ]ĘҪɢ˝ąĆđÁłČ˘Ć˘¤_ĹŻśžĆ˘¤ąĆB
[6] T[oEe[şăńˇBhD~ÍEt@E{C(n}kől3Ě17|V)B
[7] tAfWÉZńŢ˝t@EEn[CĚNˇjŤĹĚl(n}kől5Ě19|V)B
[8] tAfWÉZŢzęĆłęéNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽăÉă\ĆČél¨B
[9] tAfWÉZŢńˇę°SjEn[CĚNˇjŤ(n}kől1Ě11|T)B
[10] tAfWÉZŢzęĆłęéNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽČOÉă\ĚnĘÉ Á˝l¨B
[11] T[oWÉZŢt@EEn[CĚNˇjŤ(n}kől5Ě4|V)B
[12] {_En[CĚcć(n}kől2|2Ě26|W)B
[13] {_En[C([jE{C)Ěcć(n}kől2|1Ě10|X)B
[14] {_En[C([jE{C)Ěcć(n}kől2|1Ě4|W)B
[15] {_En[C([jE{C)Ěcć(n}kől11|W)B
[16] {_En[C([jE{C)ĚNˇjŤĹAí˝ľĚč(n}kől2|1Ě12|U)B
[17] T[oEe[şĹZŻo^đ¨ąČ¤A{JWFCĚNˇjŤ(n}kől29|U)BęŕÉćęÎAĚă\đđCľAŠçŞă\ÉČë¤ĆľÄ˘˝l¨B
[18] Et@E{CĚNˇjŤĹT[oEe[şăńˇ(n}kől17|V)BęŕÉćęÎAĚă\đđCľAŠçŞă\ÉČë¤ĆľÄ˘˝l¨B
[19] ČşAAuhDCĚcęĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[20] ČşAAuhDCĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[21] ČşAAĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[22] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽăÉă\ĆČél¨BhD~ÍzęB
[23] tAfWÉZŢÂNĹAí˝ľĚčB
[24] tAfWÉZńŢ˝t@EEn[CĚNˇjŤĹAĚl(n}kől5Ě19|V)B
[25] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽĚńdŇH.D.ĚđłCgRBhD~ÍzęB
[26] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽĚńdŇH.D.ĚđłCgRBhD~ÍzęB
[27] E.M.ÍAt@EEn[CĚNˇjŤ(n}kől5Ě21|V)B
[28] bŇĚęĚŔĆŞ éAXBf[EJgĚsşB
[29] ă\đCŽĚă\ĚęlĹAtAfWÉZŢBhD~ÍSjEn[C(n}kől1Ě9|T)B
[30] ă\đCŽĚă\ĚęlĹAMҲ¸ĚK[RCşˇ(n}kől1Ě2|U)BT[oWÉZŢB
[31] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAMҲ¸ĚGMP6ˇBhD~ÍzęB
[32] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAĚlBhD~Í{_En[C(n}kől2|2Ě47|V)B
[33] [KşĚNˇjŤBhD~ÍsžB
[34] [KşĚNˇjŤBhD~ÍsžB
[35] S.M.ĆK.K.ÍAĆŕÉT[oEe[şĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéNˇjŤBhD~ÍzęB
[36] T[oEe[şĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéNˇjŤĹAhD~Í{JWFC(n}kől17|T)B
[37] K[RCşT[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAhD~Í{_En[C(n}kől2|2Ě49|V)B
[38] [KşĚNˇjŤBhD~ÍzęB
[39] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹA˛¸Ěă\ĚęlBhD~ÍSjEn[C(n}kől1Ě11|T)B
[40] T[oWÉZÝAK[RCşĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéNˇjŤK.L.ĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇBCXuÖ̡ŤĆ貸ÍAK.L.îŨąČíę˝B
[41] ČşACXuĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[42] tAfĚżŠÉ éĚźB
[43] K[RCşĚ2ăńˇ(n}kől1Ě21|W)B
[44] K[RCşĚ3ăńˇ(n}kől1Ě23|W)B
[45] n}kől1Ě25|WB
[46] K[RCşĚťńˇ(n}kől1Ě2|U)B
[47] K[RCşĚćăńˇ(n}kől1Ě1|T)B
[48] Et@E{CĚĚlKaaney Isa(n}kől3Ě23|X)B
[49] Et@E{CĚĚlSilla Koornma(n}kől3Ě6|V)B
[50] Et@E{CĚNˇjŤH.K.(n}kől3Ě23|X)B
[51] B.K.ĆM.S.ÍĆŕÉEt@E{CĚNˇjŤ(n}kől21|WA28|W)B
[52] Et@E{CĚNˇjŤH.K.(n}kől3Ě23|X)B
[53] OăĚJgˇB§ÚZŽĚJgˇB
[54] ťJgˇA}hDEn[fĚ žźB
[55] Et@E{CĚNˇjŤ(n}kől3Ě21|Y)
[56] ĆŕÉEt@{CĚNˇjŤ(n}kől27|XA28|X)B
[57] Et@E{CĚÂN(n}kől28|W)B
[58] H.D.ĆA.D.ÍAt@EEn[CĚŻŻęZí(n}kől5Ě5|VA6|V)B
[59] AuhDCÍAcćŞt@EEn[CĚzęĆłęél¨B
[60] t@EEn[CĚNˇjŤ(n}kől5Ě21|V)B
[61] T[oWÉZÝAT[oEe[şĹZŻo^ˇéNˇjŤBhD~Í{JWFC(Qlżn}28|U)B
[62] t@EEn[CĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}5Ě5|V)B
[63] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAhD~ÍSjEn[C(Qlżn}1Ě2|T)B
[64] ČşAXCĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[65] t@EEn[CĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}5Ě21|V)BK[RCşĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéŞA[KşÉZŢB
[66] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAĚlBhD~Í{_En[C(Qlżn}2|2Ě47|V)B
[67] W[iÉ{đuŚŻgSĚ̡BTgjEO}şˇB
[68] W[iÉ{đuŚŻgSĚĚOˇBW[işĚZŻB
[69] ČşAZCuĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[70] O[WÉZÝAŚŻgĹÝÉWđąßĢéNˇjŤBhD~ÍA{_En[C(Qlżn}2|2Ě39|T)B
[71] bŇĚŻŻęĚZB
[72] tAfWÉZŢńˇę°SjEn[CĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}1Ě11|T)B
[73] {_En[CĚcćXS(Qlżn}2|2Ě26|W)B
[74] ČşAu[oĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[75] ČşA}n}hDĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[76] T[oWÉZÝAT[oEe[şĹZŻo^đ¨ąČ¤ÂNBhD~ÍzęB
[77] C.C.AS.C.AJ.C.ÍA˘¸ęŕT[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAŻŻęZíBC.C.ĆS.C.ÍK[RCşĹAJ.C.ÍT[oEe[şĹZŻo^đ¨ąČ¤BhD~ÍJ[hB
[78] K[RCşĚćăńˇ(Qlżn}1Ě1|T)B
[79] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽăÉă\ĆČÁ˝l¨BhD~ÍzęB
[80] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽđ¤śÄlČćđŚ˝l¨BhD~ÍSjEn[C(Qlżn}1Ě2|T)B
[81] tAfWÉZŢSjEn[CĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}1Ě11|T)B
[82] tAfWÉZńŢ˝t@EEn[CĚNˇjŤĹĚl(Qlżn}5Ě19|V)B
[83] T[oWÉZÝA[KşĹZŻo^ľÄ˘˝NˇjŤ(2005N)BhD~Í{_En[C(Qlżn}2|1Ě3|U)B
[84] M.A.ÍT[oEe[şĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéÂNBťĚA.H.ÍAT[oWÉZÝČŞç[KşĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéBhD~ÍsžB
[85] T[oEe[şĹZŻo^ˇéA{JWFCĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}29|U)BęŕÉćęÎAĚă\đđCľAŠçŞă\ÉČë¤ĆľÄ˘˝l¨B
[86] T[oWÉZÝAT[oEe[şĹZŻo^ˇéNˇjŤBhD~Í{JWFC(Qlżn}28|U)B
[87] T[oEe[şăńˇBhD~ÍEt@E{C(Qlżn}3Ě17|V)B
[88] T[oWÉZÝAK[RCşĹZŻo^ˇéNˇjŤBhD~ÍSjEn[C(Qlżn}1Ě18|T)B
[89] ČşA}[EĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[90] tAfWÉZŢAt@EEn[CĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}5Ě6|V)B
[91] tAfWÉZŢAt@EEn[CĚÂN(Qlżn}5Ě8|U)B
[92] tAfWÉZŢÂNĹAí˝ľĚčB
[93] t@EEn[CĚÂN(Qlżn}5Ě19|U)B
[94] t@EEn[CĚjŤĹĚl(Qlżn}5Ě19-V)B
[95] SjEn[CĚNˇjŤB.H.(Qlżn}1Ě17|U)ĚşB
[96] Qlżn}1Ě16|XB
[97] Qlżn}1Ě21|WB
[98] Qlżn}1Ě23|WB
[99] T[oWÉZÝAK[RCşĹZŻo^ˇéNˇjŤBhD~ÍASjEn[C(Qlżn}1ĚU|23)B
[100] Qlżn}1Ě25|UB
[101] Qlżn}1Ě26|WB
[102] Qlżn}1Ě26|TB
[103] Qlżn}1Ě8|VB
[104] Qlżn}PĚ8|UB
[105] Qlżn}1Ě9|TB
[106] Qlżn}1Ě2|UB
[107] Qlżn}1Ě1|TB
[108] Qlżn}1Ě2ĚTB
[109] Qlżn}1Ě17|VB
[110] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAhD~ÍSjEn[C(Qlżn}1Ě2|T)B
[111] ČşA[TĚbĹ éąĆđľßˇB
[112] O[WÉZÝAŚŻgĹÝÉWđąßĢéNˇjŤBhD~ÍA{_En[C(Qlżn}2|2Ě39|T)B
[113] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤBŢĆĘĚgőĚ ˘žĹ đߎ颪 Á˝B
[114] tAfWÉZŢSjEn[CĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}1Ě5|T)B
[115] T[oEe[şĹŚéA{JWFCĚNˇjŤ(Qlżn}29|U)BęŕÉćęÎAĚă\đđCľAŠçŞă\ÉČë¤ĆľÄ˘˝l¨B
[116] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAMҲ¸ĚGMP6ˇBhD~ÍzęB
[117] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAMҲ¸ĚGMP6ˇBhD~ÍzęB
[118] T[oWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAĚlBhD~Í{_En[C(Qlżn}2|2Ě47|V)B
[119] T[oEe[şĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéNˇjŤĹAhD~ÍzęB
[120] T[oWÉZÝA[KşĹZŻo^đ¨ąČÁĢéNˇjŤBhD~ÍsžB
[121] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAhD~ÍzęB
[122] [KşĚNˇjŤBhD~ÍsžB
[123] tAfWÉZŢNˇjŤĹAă\đCŽăÉă\ĆČÁ˝l¨BhD~ÍzęB