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/*
* os_darwin.cpp
*
* Home page of code is: https://www.smartmontools.org
*
* Copyright (C) 2004-8 Geoffrey Keating <geoffk@geoffk.org>
* Copyright (C) 2014 Alex Samorukov <samm@os2.kiev.ua>
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
*/
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <mach/mach.h>
#include <mach/mach_error.h>
#include <mach/mach_init.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <IOKit/IOCFPlugIn.h>
#include <IOKit/IOKitLib.h>
#include <IOKit/IOReturn.h>
#include <IOKit/IOBSD.h>
#include <IOKit/storage/IOBlockStorageDevice.h>
#include <IOKit/storage/IOStorageDeviceCharacteristics.h>
#include <IOKit/storage/IOMedia.h>
#include <IOKit/storage/ata/IOATAStorageDefines.h>
#include <IOKit/storage/ata/ATASMARTLib.h>
#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
#include "config.h"
#include "atacmds.h"
#include "scsicmds.h"
#include "nvmecmds.h"
#include "utility.h"
#include "os_darwin.h"
#include "dev_interface.h"
#define ARGUSED(x) ((void)(x))
// Needed by '-V' option (CVS versioning) of smartd/smartctl
const char *os_darwin_cpp_cvsid="$Id: os_darwin.cpp 5209 2021-02-14 18:02:51Z samm2 $" \
ATACMDS_H_CVSID CONFIG_H_CVSID OS_DARWIN_H_CVSID SCSICMDS_H_CVSID UTILITY_H_CVSID;
// examples for smartctl
static const char smartctl_examples[] =
"=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====\n\n"
" smartctl -a disk0 (Prints all SMART information)\n\n"
" smartctl -t long /dev/disk0 (Executes extended disk self-test)\n\n"
" smartctl --smart=on --saveauto=on /dev/rdisk0 (Enables SMART on first disk)\n\n"
" smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/disk0\n"
" (Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)\n\n"
" smartctl -a IOService:/MacRISC2PE/pci@f4000000/AppleMacRiscPCI/ata-6@D/AppleKauaiATA/ATADeviceNub@0/IOATABlockStorageDriver/IOATABlockStorageDevice\n"
" (You can use IOService: ...)\n\n"
" smartctl -c IODeviceTree:/pci@f4000000/ata-6@D/@0:0\n"
" (... Or IODeviceTree:)\n"
;
// Information that we keep about each device.
static struct {
io_object_t ioob;
IOCFPlugInInterface **plugin;
IOATASMARTInterface **smartIf; // ATA devices
IONVMeSMARTInterface **smartIfNVMe;
} devices[20];
const char * dev_darwin_cpp_cvsid = "$Id: os_darwin.cpp 5209 2021-02-14 18:02:51Z samm2 $"
DEV_INTERFACE_H_CVSID;
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
namespace os { // No need to publish anything, name provided for Doxygen
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Implement shared open/close routines with old functions.
class darwin_smart_device
: virtual public /*implements*/ smart_device
{
public:
explicit darwin_smart_device(const char * mode)
: smart_device(never_called),
m_fd(-1), m_mode(mode) { }
virtual ~darwin_smart_device();
virtual bool is_open() const override;
virtual bool open() override;
virtual bool close() override;
protected:
/// Return filedesc for derived classes.
int get_fd() const
{ return m_fd; }
private:
int m_fd; ///< filedesc, -1 if not open.
const char * m_mode; ///< Mode string for deviceopen().
};
darwin_smart_device::~darwin_smart_device()
{
if (m_fd >= 0)
darwin_smart_device::close();
}
bool darwin_smart_device::is_open() const
{
return (m_fd >= 0);
}
// Determine whether 'dev' is a SMART-capable device.
static bool is_smart_capable (io_object_t dev, const char * type) {
CFTypeRef smartCapableKey = NULL;
CFDictionaryRef diskChars;
// If the device has kIOPropertySMARTCapableKey, then it's capable,
// no matter what it looks like.
if (!strcmp("ATA", type)) {
smartCapableKey = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty
(dev, CFSTR (kIOPropertySMARTCapableKey),
kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
}
else if (!strcmp("NVME", type)) {
smartCapableKey = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty
(dev, CFSTR (kIOPropertyNVMeSMARTCapableKey),
kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
}
if (smartCapableKey)
{
CFRelease (smartCapableKey);
return true;
}
// If it's an kIOATABlockStorageDeviceClass then we're successful
// only if its ATA features indicate it supports SMART.
// This will be broken for NVMe, however it is not needed
if (IOObjectConformsTo (dev, kIOATABlockStorageDeviceClass)
&& (diskChars = (CFDictionaryRef)IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty
(dev, CFSTR (kIOPropertyDeviceCharacteristicsKey),
kCFAllocatorDefault, kNilOptions)) != NULL)
{
CFNumberRef diskFeatures = NULL;
UInt32 ataFeatures = 0;
if (CFDictionaryGetValueIfPresent (diskChars, CFSTR ("ATA Features"),
(const void **)&diskFeatures))
CFNumberGetValue (diskFeatures, kCFNumberLongType,
&ataFeatures);
CFRelease (diskChars);
if (diskFeatures)
CFRelease (diskFeatures);
return (ataFeatures & kIOATAFeatureSMART) != 0;
}
return false;
}
bool darwin_smart_device::open()
{
// Acceptable device names are:
// /dev/disk*
// /dev/rdisk*
// disk*
// IOService:*
// IODeviceTree:*
size_t devnum;
const char *devname;
io_object_t disk;
const char *pathname = get_dev_name();
char *type = const_cast<char*>(m_mode);
if (!(strcmp("ATA", type) || strcmp("NVME", type)))
{
set_err (EINVAL);
return false;
}
// Find a free device number.
for (devnum = 0; devnum < sizeof (devices) / sizeof (devices[0]); devnum++)
if (! devices[devnum].ioob)
break;
if (devnum == sizeof (devices) / sizeof (devices[0]))
{
set_err (EMFILE);
return false;
}
devname = NULL;
if (strncmp (pathname, "/dev/rdisk", 10) == 0)
devname = pathname + 6;
else if (strncmp (pathname, "/dev/disk", 9) == 0)
devname = pathname + 5;
else if (strncmp (pathname, "disk", 4) == 0)
// allow user to just say 'disk0'
devname = pathname;
// Find the device. This part should be the same for the NVMe and ATA
if (devname)
{
CFMutableDictionaryRef matcher;
matcher = IOBSDNameMatching (kIOMasterPortDefault, 0, devname);
disk = IOServiceGetMatchingService (kIOMasterPortDefault, matcher);
}
else
{
disk = IORegistryEntryFromPath (kIOMasterPortDefault, pathname);
}
if (! disk)
{
set_err(ENOENT);
return false;
}
// Find a SMART-capable driver which is a parent of this device.
while (! is_smart_capable (disk, type))
{
IOReturn err;
io_object_t prevdisk = disk;
// Find this device's parent and try again.
err = IORegistryEntryGetParentEntry (disk, kIOServicePlane, &disk);
if (err != kIOReturnSuccess || ! disk)
{
set_err(ENODEV);
IOObjectRelease (prevdisk);
return false;
}
}
devices[devnum].ioob = disk;
{
SInt32 dummy;
devices[devnum].plugin = NULL;
devices[devnum].smartIf = NULL;
devices[devnum].smartIfNVMe = NULL;
CFUUIDRef pluginType = NULL;
CFUUIDRef smartInterfaceId = NULL;
void ** SMARTptr = NULL;
if (!strcmp("ATA", type)) {
pluginType = kIOATASMARTUserClientTypeID;
smartInterfaceId = kIOATASMARTInterfaceID;
SMARTptr = (void **)&devices[devnum].smartIf;
}
else if (!strcmp("NVME", type)) {
pluginType = kIONVMeSMARTUserClientTypeID;
smartInterfaceId = kIONVMeSMARTInterfaceID;
SMARTptr = (void **)&devices[devnum].smartIfNVMe;
}
// Create an interface to the ATA SMART library.
if (IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService (disk,
pluginType,
kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID,
&devices[devnum].plugin,
&dummy) == kIOReturnSuccess)
(*devices[devnum].plugin)->QueryInterface
(devices[devnum].plugin,
CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes ( smartInterfaceId),
SMARTptr);
else
return set_err(ENOSYS, "IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService failed");
}
m_fd = devnum;
if (m_fd < 0) {
set_err((errno==ENOENT || errno==ENOTDIR) ? ENODEV : errno);
return false;
}
return true;
}
bool darwin_smart_device::close()
{
int fd = m_fd; m_fd = -1;
if (devices[fd].smartIf)
(*devices[fd].smartIf)->Release (devices[fd].smartIf);
if (devices[fd].smartIfNVMe)
(*devices[fd].smartIfNVMe)->Release (devices[fd].smartIfNVMe);
if (devices[fd].plugin)
IODestroyPlugInInterface (devices[fd].plugin);
IOObjectRelease (devices[fd].ioob);
devices[fd].ioob = MACH_PORT_NULL;
return true;
}
// makes a list of ATA or SCSI devices for the DEVICESCAN directive of
// smartd. Returns number N of devices, or -1 if out of
// memory. Allocates N+1 arrays: one of N pointers (devlist); the
// other N arrays each contain null-terminated character strings. In
// the case N==0, no arrays are allocated because the array of 0
// pointers has zero length, equivalent to calling malloc(0).
static int make_device_names (char*** devlist, const char* name) {
IOReturn err;
io_iterator_t i;
io_object_t device = MACH_PORT_NULL;
int result;
int index;
if (!(strcmp("ATA", name) || strcmp("NVME", name))) {
return 0;
}
err = IOServiceGetMatchingServices
(kIOMasterPortDefault, IOServiceMatching (kIOBlockStorageDeviceClass), &i);
if (err != kIOReturnSuccess)
return -1;
// Count the devices.
result = 0;
while ((device = IOIteratorNext (i)) != MACH_PORT_NULL) {
if (is_smart_capable (device, name))
result++;
IOObjectRelease (device);
}
// Create an array of service names.
IOIteratorReset (i);
if (! result)
goto error;
*devlist = (char**)calloc (result, sizeof (char *));
index = 0;
while ((device = IOIteratorNext (i)) != MACH_PORT_NULL) {
if (is_smart_capable (device, name))
{
io_string_t devName;
IORegistryEntryGetPath(device, kIOServicePlane, devName);
(*devlist)[index] = strdup (devName);
if (! (*devlist)[index])
goto error;
index++;
}
IOObjectRelease (device);
}
IOObjectRelease (i);
return result;
error:
if (device != MACH_PORT_NULL)
IOObjectRelease (device);
IOObjectRelease (i);
if (*devlist)
{
for (index = 0; index < result; index++)
if ((*devlist)[index])
free ((*devlist)[index]);
free (*devlist);
}
if(!result) // no devs found
return 0;
return -1;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Implement standard ATA support
class darwin_ata_device
: public /*implements*/ ata_device,
public /*extends*/ darwin_smart_device
{
public:
darwin_ata_device(smart_interface * intf, const char * dev_name, const char * req_type);
virtual bool ata_pass_through(const ata_cmd_in & in, ata_cmd_out & out) override;
protected:
// virtual int ata_command_interface(smart_command_set command, int select, char * data);
};
darwin_ata_device::darwin_ata_device(smart_interface * intf, const char * dev_name, const char * req_type)
: smart_device(intf, dev_name, "ata", req_type),
darwin_smart_device("ATA")
{
}
bool darwin_ata_device::ata_pass_through(const ata_cmd_in & in, ata_cmd_out & out)
{
if (!ata_cmd_is_ok(in,
true, // data_out_support
true, // multi_sector_support
false) // not supported by API
)
return false;
int select = 0;
char * data = (char *)in.buffer;
int fd = get_fd();
IOATASMARTInterface **ifp = devices[fd].smartIf;
IOATASMARTInterface *smartIf;
io_object_t disk = devices[fd].ioob;
IOReturn err;
int timeoutCount = 5;
int rc = 0;
if (! ifp)
return false;
smartIf = *ifp;
clear_err(); errno = 0;
do {
switch (in.in_regs.command) {
case ATA_IDENTIFY_DEVICE:
{
UInt32 dummy;
err = smartIf->GetATAIdentifyData (ifp, data, 512, &dummy);
if (err != kIOReturnSuccess && err != kIOReturnTimeout
&& err != kIOReturnNotResponding)
printf ("identify failed: %#x\n", (unsigned) rc);
if (err == kIOReturnSuccess && isbigendian())
{
int i;
/* The system has already byte-swapped, undo it. */
for (i = 0; i < 256; i+=2)
swap2 (data + i);
}
}
break;
case ATA_IDENTIFY_PACKET_DEVICE:
case ATA_CHECK_POWER_MODE:
errno = ENOTSUP;
err = -1;
break;
case ATA_SET_FEATURES:
switch(in.in_regs.features) {
case ATA_ENABLE_APM:
if (in.in_regs.sector_count) {
int l = (int) in.in_regs.sector_count;
CFNumberRef cfLevel = CFNumberCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberSInt32Type, &l);
kern_return_t r = IORegistryEntrySetCFProperty(disk, CFSTR("APM Level"), cfLevel);
CFRelease(cfLevel);
if (r) {
switch(r) {
case kIOReturnNotPrivileged:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "Use superuser to manage APM");
break;
case kIOReturnUnsupported:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "APM not supported");
break;
default:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "APM error: %u", r);
}
}
break;
}
default:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "Unsupported ATA feature");
}
break;
case ATA_SMART_CMD:
switch (in.in_regs.features) {
case ATA_SMART_READ_VALUES:
err = smartIf->SMARTReadData (ifp, (ATASMARTData *)data);
break;
case ATA_SMART_READ_THRESHOLDS:
err = smartIf->SMARTReadDataThresholds (ifp,
(ATASMARTDataThresholds *)data);
break;
case ATA_SMART_READ_LOG_SECTOR:
err = smartIf->SMARTReadLogAtAddress (ifp, in.in_regs.lba_low, data, 512 * in.in_regs.sector_count);
break;
case ATA_SMART_WRITE_LOG_SECTOR:
err = smartIf->SMARTWriteLogAtAddress (ifp, in.in_regs.lba_low, data, 512 * in.in_regs.sector_count);
break;
case ATA_SMART_ENABLE:
case ATA_SMART_DISABLE:
err = smartIf->SMARTEnableDisableOperations (ifp, in.in_regs.features == ATA_SMART_ENABLE);
break;
case ATA_SMART_STATUS:
if (in.out_needed.lba_high) // statuscheck
{
Boolean is_failing;
err = smartIf->SMARTReturnStatus (ifp, &is_failing);
if (err == kIOReturnSuccess && is_failing) {
err = -1; // thresholds exceeded condition
out.out_regs.lba_high = 0x2c; out.out_regs.lba_mid = 0xf4;
}
else {
out.out_regs.lba_high = 0xc2; out.out_regs.lba_mid = 0x4f;
}
break;
}
else err = 0;
break;
case ATA_SMART_AUTOSAVE:
err = smartIf->SMARTEnableDisableAutosave (ifp,
(in.in_regs.sector_count == 241 ? true : false));
break;
case ATA_SMART_IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE:
select = in.in_regs.lba_low;
if (select != SHORT_SELF_TEST && select != EXTEND_SELF_TEST)
{
errno = EINVAL;
return set_err(ENOSYS, "Unsupported SMART self-test mode");
}
err = smartIf->SMARTExecuteOffLineImmediate (ifp,
select == EXTEND_SELF_TEST);
break;
case ATA_SMART_AUTO_OFFLINE:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "SMART command not supported");
default:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "Unknown SMART command");
}
break;
default:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "Non-SMART commands not implemented");
}
} while ((err == kIOReturnTimeout || err == kIOReturnNotResponding)
&& timeoutCount-- > 0);
if (err == kIOReturnExclusiveAccess)
errno = EBUSY;
rc = err == kIOReturnSuccess ? 0 : -1;
if (rc < 0) {
if (!get_errno())
set_err(errno);
return false;
}
return true;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Implement platform interface
class darwin_smart_interface
: public /*implements*/ smart_interface
{
public:
virtual std::string get_os_version_str() override;
virtual std::string get_app_examples(const char * appname) override;
virtual bool scan_smart_devices(smart_device_list & devlist, const char * type,
const char * pattern = 0) override;
protected:
virtual ata_device * get_ata_device(const char * name, const char * type) override;
virtual scsi_device * get_scsi_device(const char * name, const char * type) override;
virtual nvme_device * get_nvme_device(const char * name, const char * type,
unsigned nsid) override;
virtual smart_device * autodetect_smart_device(const char * name) override;
};
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// NVMe support
class darwin_nvme_device
: public /*implements*/ nvme_device,
public /*extends*/ darwin_smart_device
{
public:
darwin_nvme_device(smart_interface * intf, const char * dev_name,
const char * req_type, unsigned nsid);
virtual bool nvme_pass_through(const nvme_cmd_in & in, nvme_cmd_out & out) override;
};
darwin_nvme_device::darwin_nvme_device(smart_interface * intf, const char * dev_name,
const char * req_type, unsigned nsid)
: smart_device(intf, dev_name, "nvme", req_type),
nvme_device(nsid),
darwin_smart_device("NVME")
{
}
bool darwin_nvme_device::nvme_pass_through(const nvme_cmd_in & in, nvme_cmd_out & out)
{
ARGUSED(out);
int fd = get_fd();
IONVMeSMARTInterface **ifp = devices[fd].smartIfNVMe;
IONVMeSMARTInterface *smartIfNVMe ;
IOReturn err = 0;
unsigned int page = in.cdw10 & 0xff;
if (! ifp)
return false;
smartIfNVMe = *ifp;
// currently only GetIdentifyData and GetLogPage are supported
switch (in.opcode) {
case smartmontools::nvme_admin_identify:
err = smartIfNVMe->GetIdentifyData(ifp, (struct nvme_id_ctrl *) in.buffer, in.nsid);
if (err)
return set_err(ENOSYS, "GetIdentifyData failed: system=0x%x, sub=0x%x, code=%d",
err_get_system(err), err_get_sub(err), err_get_code(err));
break;
case smartmontools::nvme_admin_get_log_page:
err = smartIfNVMe->GetLogPage(ifp, in.buffer, page, in.size / 4 - 1);
if (err)
return set_err(ENOSYS, "GetLogPage failed: system=0x%x, sub=0x%x, code=%d",
err_get_system(err), err_get_sub(err), err_get_code(err));
break;
default:
return set_err(ENOSYS, "NVMe admin command 0x%02x is not supported", in.opcode);
}
return true;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
std::string darwin_smart_interface::get_os_version_str()
{
// now we are just getting darwin runtime version, to get OSX version more things needs to be done, see
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11072804/how-do-i-determine-the-os-version-at-runtime-in-os-x-or-ios-without-using-gesta
struct utsname osname;
uname(&osname);
return strprintf("%s %s %s", osname.sysname, osname.release, osname.machine);
}
std::string darwin_smart_interface::get_app_examples(const char * appname)
{
if (!strcmp(appname, "smartctl"))
return smartctl_examples;
return ""; // ... so don't print again.
}
ata_device * darwin_smart_interface::get_ata_device(const char * name, const char * type)
{
return new darwin_ata_device(this, name, type);
}
scsi_device * darwin_smart_interface::get_scsi_device(const char *, const char *)
{
return 0; // scsi devices are not supported [yet]
}
nvme_device * darwin_smart_interface::get_nvme_device(const char * name, const char * type,
unsigned nsid)
{
return new darwin_nvme_device(this, name, type, nsid);
}
smart_device * darwin_smart_interface::autodetect_smart_device(const char * name)
{ // TODO - refactor as a function
// Acceptable device names are:
// /dev/disk*
// /dev/rdisk*
// disk*
// IOService:*
// IODeviceTree:*
const char *devname = NULL;
io_object_t disk;
if (strncmp (name, "/dev/rdisk", 10) == 0)
devname = name + 6;
else if (strncmp (name, "/dev/disk", 9) == 0)
devname = name + 5;
else if (strncmp (name, "disk", 4) == 0)
// allow user to just say 'disk0'
devname = name;
// Find the device. This part should be the same for the NVMe and ATA
if (devname) {
CFMutableDictionaryRef matcher;
matcher = IOBSDNameMatching (kIOMasterPortDefault, 0, devname);
disk = IOServiceGetMatchingService (kIOMasterPortDefault, matcher);
}
else {
disk = IORegistryEntryFromPath (kIOMasterPortDefault, name);
}
if (! disk) {
return 0;
}
io_registry_entry_t tmpdisk=disk;
while (! is_smart_capable (tmpdisk, "ATA"))
{
IOReturn err;
io_object_t prevdisk = tmpdisk;
// Find this device's parent and try again.
err = IORegistryEntryGetParentEntry (tmpdisk, kIOServicePlane, &tmpdisk);
if (err != kIOReturnSuccess || ! tmpdisk)
{
IOObjectRelease (prevdisk);
break;
}
}
if (tmpdisk)
return new darwin_ata_device(this, name, "");
tmpdisk=disk;
while (! is_smart_capable (tmpdisk, "NVME"))
{
IOReturn err;
io_object_t prevdisk = tmpdisk;
// Find this device's parent and try again.
err = IORegistryEntryGetParentEntry (tmpdisk, kIOServicePlane, &tmpdisk);
if (err != kIOReturnSuccess || ! tmpdisk)
{
IOObjectRelease (prevdisk);
break;
}
}
if (tmpdisk)
return new darwin_nvme_device(this, name, "", 0);
// try ATA as a last option, for compatibility
return new darwin_ata_device(this, name, "");
}
static void free_devnames(char * * devnames, int numdevs)
{
for (int i = 0; i < numdevs; i++)
free(devnames[i]);
free(devnames);
}
bool darwin_smart_interface::scan_smart_devices(smart_device_list & devlist,
const char * type, const char * pattern /*= 0*/)
{
if (pattern) {
set_err(EINVAL, "DEVICESCAN with pattern not implemented yet");
return false;
}
// Make namelists
char * * atanames = 0; int numata = 0;
if (!type || !strcmp(type, "ata")) {
numata = make_device_names(&atanames, "ATA");
if (numata < 0) {
set_err(ENOMEM);
return false;
}
}
char * * nvmenames = 0; int numnvme = 0;
if (
#ifdef WITH_NVME_DEVICESCAN // TODO: Remove when NVMe support is no longer EXPERIMENTAL
!type ||
#else
type &&
#endif
!strcmp(type, "nvme")) {
numnvme = make_device_names(&nvmenames, "NVME");
if (numnvme < 0) {
set_err(ENOMEM);
return false;
}
}
// Add to devlist
int i;
if (!type)
type="";
for (i = 0; i < numata; i++) {
ata_device * atadev = get_ata_device(atanames[i], type);
if (atadev)
devlist.push_back(atadev);
}
free_devnames(atanames, numata);
for (i = 0; i < numnvme; i++) {
nvme_device * nvmedev = get_nvme_device(nvmenames[i], type, 0); // default nsid
if (nvmedev)
devlist.push_back(nvmedev);
}
free_devnames(nvmenames, numnvme);
return true;
}
} // namespace
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Initialize platform interface and register with smi()
void smart_interface::init()
{
static os::darwin_smart_interface the_interface;
smart_interface::set(&the_interface);
}
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