Octane
| Octane | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| Systematic name | Octane |
| Other names | n-Octane |
| Molecular formula | C8 H18 |
| SMILES | CCCCCCCC |
| Molar mass | [[Molar mass::114.22 g/mol−1]] |
| Appearance | Colorless Liquid |
| CAS number | CAS number::111-65-9 |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | Density::0.703g/ml, Liquid |
| Solubility in water | Immiscible |
| Melting point | Melting point::−57 °C |
| Boiling point | Boiling point::125.52 °C |
| Viscosity | 0.542 cP at 20 °C |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation | −250 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion | −5430 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | Material safety data sheet |
| EU classification | Flammable (F) Harmful (Xn) Dangerous for the environment (N) |
| NFPA 704 |
3
2
0
|
| Flash point | 13 °C |
| R/S statement | R: R11, R38, R50/53, R65, R67 S: (S2), S9, S16, S29, S33, S60, S61, S62 |
| RTECS number | RG8400000 |
| Related compounds | |
| Related alkanes | Heptane
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Disclaimer and references | |
Octane is a hydrocarbon and a organic compound with in the alkane family. It has related compounds with Heptane and 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane. The chemical formula is CH3(CH2)6CH3. The other given name is n-Octane. Octane is a colorless, odorless, flammable liquid. It is included in a member of petroleum which is oil with a complex mixture. [1]
Properties
Octane is a colorless liquid and it is immiscible in water. This liquid is harmful and dangerous for the environment. Octane has a density of 0.703 g/ml, a melting point of -57°C, a boiling point of 125.52°C, and a viscosity of 0.542cP at 20°C.
Octane is isomerized by the amount of branching in the carbon chain. It has many structural isomers, for example, an isooctane. Isooctane is used as the standard values of octane rating scale. This is a highly flammable liquid and a component of gasoline. [2]
Occurrences
Octane is a hydrocarbon and most hydrocarbon groups are found in petroleum. Petroleum is an oil which is found in nature and under the surface of the earth. It is a mixture of crude oil and natural gas. Crude oil and natural gas are found in the nature, such as under the ground and the ocean. Mainly, they come from the oil well and contained quantities of other materials. For example--crude oil contains oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, salt, and water. Natural gas contains ethane, propane, butane, pentane, carbon dioxide, and water.
Octane has both good things and bad things. Octane has essential ingredients for a car because a car can not move without fuel. Fuel is a very voluble and indispensable source in many ways. The bad thing is that Octane is harmful to the body and the environment. Octane is causing pollution and global warming. Therefore, it can damage the nature and the ecosystem. [3][4]
Uses
Octane contains oil so it is used as a fuel and solvent. Sometimes it is used as a raw material for building. Mainly, it is an ingredient in car fuel. Fuel is an essential source for a car. In a gas station, there is a label with different numbers of choices for gas. It is called octane rating which is used in measurement to resist detonation.[5] For an efficient engine works, gasoline has to be burned smoothly and slowly without premature knocking because it can make a big sound, dissipate power output, and cause damage to the car engine.[6][7] Octane is also used as an oil heater, which remains warm for a long time. The oil makes a high boiling point about 150 to 300°C. Commonly, the oil heater is more expansible than the gas heater and is used in bedrooms or small sized areas.[8]
References
- n-octane osha.gov, Occupational Safety & Health Administration, 06/25/2004
- octane molecular formula hellochem.com
- PETROLEUM: WHAT IS IT GOOD FOR? americanheritage.com, Paul Lucier
- Octane Rating Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., wikipedia.org
- OCTANE(ICSI) IPCS, CEC 2004, inchem.org, October 1997
- Octane Copyright © 2010 Answers Corporation, answers.com
- uses of Octane web1.caryacademy.org
- what octane to use Copyright © 2008 TutorVista.com, tutorvista.com
- Petroleum Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., wikipedia.org
- Oil heater Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., wikipedia.org
- Material Safety Data Sheet Chemicals&Laboratory Equipment, sciencelab.com
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