Over 60% of Americans think that Rosa Parks belongs in the top ten most important people in their history (barriBreaking the Myth, Not Just the Rules.
Over 60% of Americans think that Rosa Parks belongs in the top ten most important people in their history (barring presidents) and with good reason, she is an iconic figure who helped change the course of history. Jeanne Theoharis offers a review of Parks which redefines her legacy and moves away from the oversimplified image of a quiet seamstress who was simply ‘tired’ one day. Instead Theoharis presents a vivid, complex portrait of Rosa Parks as a lifelong, radical activist who was deeply committed to the struggle for racial justice.
The book challenges the ‘myth’ of Rosa Parks—what Theoharis calls the ‘fable of the bus.’ Rather than viewing Parks’s 1955 arrest in Montgomery as a spontaneous act, the biography roots her resistance in decades of activism, beginning long before that pivotal moment. Parks was a seasoned organiser who investigated sexual violence against Black women, worked with the NAACP, and studied radical Black politics. Her decision to not give up her seat was intentional, not impulsive.
Theoharis, a historian, brings academic rigor to the biography but writes with clarity and emotion. Drawing on interviews, archives, and personal papers, she offers a comprehensive look at Parks’s activism not only in Montgomery but also in Detroit, where Parks continued to fight injustice long after she left Alabama.
What makes the book greatly important is how it centres Parks’s own words, writings, and decisions. Readers come to understand her quiet strength, deep faith, and radical thinking. Her story is one of endurance, pain, and unwavering commitment, not simply a moment of defiance, but a lifetime of resistance.
This biography should be read by anyone interested in civil rights history and the story of the USA as a whole. It reminds us that historical figures are often flattened in public memory, and that true change is made through years of unglamorous, often unrecognised work. I will say that the book is well written and engaging, but is a hagiography. There is also no real analysis for me, even though Theoharis is able to debunk the myth and restore Rosa Parks to her rightful place as a key architect of Black freedom struggles....more
Theodore Roosevelt is one of the United States of America’s most famous and fascinating presidents. As such, it is only a matter of time The American.
Theodore Roosevelt is one of the United States of America’s most famous and fascinating presidents. As such, it is only a matter of time before student of modern or American history will read about him. So what better place to start than Edmund Morris’s epic biography of the man. The first installment of Morris’s Pulitzer Prize-winning trilogy, this book captures the energy, complexity, and ambition that defined Theodore Roosevelt’s path from a frail child to a national icon. It shows a meteoric rise of a restless and extraordinary man.
Morris begins with Roosevelt’s privileged yet challenging upbringing in 19th-century New York, highlighting his battle with asthma and his determination to overcome physical limitations through sheer willpower. This theme of relentless self-improvement recurs throughout the book, as Roosevelt transforms himself into a Harvard scholar, a cowboy in the Dakota Badlands, a reformist New York City police commissioner, and an assistant secretary of the Navy, all before his rise to the presidency.
Morris’s writing is vivid and richly detailed, bringing Roosevelt’s adventures and personality to life. The narrative flows seamlessly, blending rigorous research with novelistic flair. Key moments such as Roosevelt’s exploits in the West, his passionate reform efforts, and his heroic leadership of the Rough Riders in the Spanish-American War are described with such dynamism that they feel like scenes from a gripping historical drama. Granted, Roosevelt’s life was extraordinary and had mirrors of Winston Churchill’s, but Morris does an excellent job in describing them.
One of the book’s greatest strengths is its exploration of Roosevelt’s contradictions. Morris paints a nuanced portrait of a man who was at once idealistic and pragmatic, fiercely competitive yet deeply empathetic, a lover of both wilderness and progress. This complexity makes Roosevelt more than a larger-than-life figure; he becomes a relatable, deeply human character. He was a product of his class, time and place. He was privileged, which gave him his advantages but also his world view, he loved to hunt and shot and skinned thousands of animals and he deeply believed in America first. Expansion at all costs to strengthen and protect the nation.
Despite its scope, the book is remarkably accessible, appealing to both casual readers and history enthusiasts. I found that the level of detail was too much at times, causing the book to become bogged down and slow moving in places. This is a drawback, albeit not a huge one as the book is well written. Therefore it is not excruciating before it picks up again and becomes a joy to read. As this is a full study of Roosevelt in three parts, all is considered and described, which in the end is part of its strength.
In ‘The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt’, Morris not only illuminates the life of a transformative leader but also captures the spirit of an era. It’s an inspiring and deeply engaging read that sets the stage for Roosevelt’s later achievements as president. I look forward to the second volume, ‘Theodore Rex’ as I learn more about this remarkable life. It is clear that Morris’s work will be hard to beat. This is not only for those interested in Roosevelt, but also the history of the USA and leadership itself....more
This book is the final volume of Edmund Morris’s ambitious trilogy on Theodore Roosevelt which focuses on his life after leaving the White Afterwards.
This book is the final volume of Edmund Morris’s ambitious trilogy on Theodore Roosevelt which focuses on his life after leaving the White House. Named ‘Colonel Roosevelt’ as this was the common way Roosevelt was addressed during this period, this for me does not reach the same standard as the earlier volumes. While the book maintains the high level of research and engaging prose that defined ‘The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt’ and ‘Theodore Rex’, it ultimately falters under the weight of its own scope and tone.
First, the book suffers from being longer than necessary. At 570 pages of text, it stretches the material thin, often dragging through scenes and secondary events that dilute the focus on Roosevelt himself. This leads into a second issue: the narrative frequently veers off-topic, delving deeply into the lives and careers of supporting characters, foreign diplomats, and peripheral global events. While some of this context is useful, much of it comes at the cost of a tighter, more compelling portrait of Roosevelt.
Perhaps more disappointing is the lack of critical analysis of Roosevelt as a man. Morris presents a detailed chronology of events, but rarely pauses to reflect meaningfully on Roosevelt’s inner life, contradictions, or motivations. Beyond referencing Roosevelt’s enduring popularity in national polls and the changing common opinion of him, the biography lacks a thoughtful interpretive lens. As a result, the reader is left with the what, but not always the why.
The book also includes frequent references to world affairs—wars, revolutions, shifting alliances—but rarely engages with them in a way that does them justice. The result feels like filler, with complex international developments flattened into oversimplified summaries that add bulk without depth.
Finally, the tone edges uncomfortably close to hagiography. Morris shows no hesitation in criticising Roosevelt’s contemporaries (especially political rivals and foreign leaders) but seems largely unwilling to turn the same critical eye on Roosevelt himself. His flaws are acknowledged but often downplayed or immediately counterbalanced with praise, which undermines the credibility of the biography as a balanced work.
As a result, ‘Colonel Roosevelt’ is a solid if overlong read that benefits from Morris’s polished writing and impressive research but is hindered by its excessive scope and reluctance to engage critically with its subject. It took me way too long to read and I feel that this is a disappointing finale to a promising trilogy. Of you are looking for a definitive and probing character study may leave wanting more. ...more
If you want to understand the history of America then you have to also read about some of its greatest creators, some of those who chaStaying Focused.
If you want to understand the history of America then you have to also read about some of its greatest creators, some of those who changed the world. Walt Disney, Steve Jobs and The Wright Brothers. I would say that the latter were the most influential as they really have changed the course of history with one of the most important inventions ever. David McCullough’s ‘The Wright Brothers’ is a compelling and meticulously researched biography that brings to life the extraordinary story of Wilbur and Orville Wright, two brothers from Dayton, Ohio, who changed the course of history with their invention of the first successful powered airplane.
I have enjoyed all of McCullough’s history books, his ‘Truman’ is world class. He is a two-time Pulitzer Prize winner, is known for his ability to make history accessible and vivid, and he delivers once again in this book. Rather than getting bogged down in technical jargon, McCullough focuses on the human story, highlighting the brothers’ relentless determination, intellectual curiosity, and modest lifestyle. He draws heavily on personal letters, diaries, and archival material to paint a rich portrait of the Wrights’ personalities and their close-knit family, especially their sister Katharine, who played a crucial supporting role in their success. This is perhaps the best approach to the book, as he focused on the history. However, once I finished the book, I felt I needed to research what it was about the brother’s which made their work revolutionary, why did they get past the post first? How really did they do it? For me McCullough only vaguely answers this and it is probably the most important question.
As I mentioned above, this is a human story. Central to the narrative is the sheer audacity of what the Wright brothers were attempting and how little public interest or support they initially received. Their perseverance in the face of skepticism and failure is inspiring. But, this was not without sacrifice, both were bachelors for life, Katherine only married in her later years. They also faced nine lawsuits once worldwide recognition was gained and barely had time to enjoy the success with Wilbur dying young (45 in 1912). Perhaps this is what it took to get man into the air. McCullough also contrasts the lacklustre American response with the enthusiastic reception the Wrights received in France, offering an insightful commentary on how innovation is perceived differently across cultures.
The book is not an exhaustive technical account of early aviation, but it is a decent narrative biography. McCullough’s storytelling is elegant, his pacing brisk, and his admiration for the Wrights clear without veering into hagiography. It has its limitations but gives you the story and the personalities of the brothers, even if they are fairly hard to separate. I probably won’t read this one again, but I’m glad I’ve learnt the basics....more
I first read this book when I was a teenager and I loved it. So these years later I have decided to return to see if it still holds up in my Red Mist.
I first read this book when I was a teenager and I loved it. So these years later I have decided to return to see if it still holds up in my estimations. I have to say for the most part that it does, but I have changed, developed and matured. ‘The Grapes of Wrath’ of course can’t but there is always something new you uncover with re-reading a book and so it has its own journey through time. For me this novel classic for a reason, mainly for it’s powerful and deeply moving portrayal of struggle, resilience, and the American spirit during one of the country’s most difficult eras: the Great Depression. The novel follows the Joad family as they journey from the Dust Bowl-ravaged Oklahoma to California, seeking a better life and facing hardship at every turn.
John Steinbeck’s writing is rich and evocative, bringing to life the parched landscapes, the harsh economic realities, and the human dignity that persists in the face of injustice. The intercalary chapters, which zoom out from the Joads to show the broader socio-economic picture, add depth and scope, giving the novel a kind of epic scale. The characters, especially Ma Joad and Tom, are beautifully drawn, representing the quiet strength and fiery resistance of those forced to fight for survival. Steinbeck’s political commentary is clear (he was a socialist), but it never feels forced and to be honest, flows naturally from the characters’ experiences.
I absolutely loved some of the descriptive writing in this book, I am always able to transport myself into Steinbeck’s world. The Great Depression feels real again and the struggle the characters face really come to life. This is a poignant story, with a bleak beginning and a bittersweet ending after the many tragedies along the way. I would say that some readers may find the pacing slow at times, particularly in the interchapters, and the ending, while powerful, is abrupt and open-ended, leaving some feeling unsatisfied. Still, it’s a haunting and important work that earns its place as a cornerstone of American literature.
A must-read for those interested in social justice, American history, or timeless human stories of endurance and hope....more
I have been thoroughly impressed with Robert Dallek’s work so far. He has a great writing style which has meant that I have been Fourth Times a Charm.
I have been thoroughly impressed with Robert Dallek’s work so far. He has a great writing style which has meant that I have been able to consume his books at a supersonic pace. As a result I couldn’t wait to read his one on the 32nd President of the United States and one of the most influential figures of the 20th Century: Franklin D. Roosevelt. Once again Dallek hits the mark for popular and accessible history. This is a thorough and engaging biography that focuses less on FDR’s personal life and more on his extraordinary political instincts and leadership.
Rather than attempting a comprehensive cradle-to-grave account (the book could easily have been 1000 pages if he had wanted to), Dallek zeroes in on what he sees as Roosevelt’s defining trait: his unparalleled political acumen. The book offers a detailed chronicle of Roosevelt’s rise through New York politics, his transformation after contracting polio, and his unprecedented four-term presidency, emphasizing how his capacity for coalition-building, rhetorical mastery, and adaptability shaped American politics and governance during the Great Depression and World War II.
Dallek writes with fluency and confidence, drawing from a wide range of primary sources and existing scholarship. His portrayal of Roosevelt is largely sympathetic, though not uncritical. He addresses the internment of Japanese Americans, the administration’s hesitancy to aid Jewish refugees, and the compromises Roosevelt made with Southern segregationists in order to preserve the New Deal coalition. These discussions, however, are often presented as pragmatic, if regrettable, choices rather than moral failings. This is a point that may invite debate from scholars seeking a more critical evaluation of Roosevelt’s ethical and ideological consistency.
A huge strengths of the book lies in its treatment of Roosevelt’s relationship with the American people. Dallek carefully dissects how FDR cultivated public support through his fireside chats, press conferences, and personal charm. His depiction of Roosevelt’s leadership style is nuanced and persuasive: neither idealising him as a flawless leader nor reducing him to a manipulative politician, but rather portraying a man deeply committed to public service, capable of growth, and politically shrewd. Still, if you are looking for fresh archival revelations or a revisionist interpretation, then this book isn’t to you as it is largely affirmatory rather than groundbreaking. Its value lies more in its synthesis and clarity than in offering new paradigms for understanding Roosevelt.
For me this is a great book. It is a well crafted, well written and accessible biography that captures the strategic genius behind one of America’s most transformative leaders. Though it leans toward admiration, it remains a valuable contribution to the literature on Roosevelt, particularly for those interested in the dynamics of political leadership and presidential power....more
There are certain things in history which fascinate me and I have to go back to again and again. For exampleBreaking it Down and then Putting it Back.
There are certain things in history which fascinate me and I have to go back to again and again. For example, how Augustus became emperor, how Edward I escaped from the captivity of Simon de Monforte in 1265, FDR’s response to the Great Depression or how JFK resolved the Cuban Missile Crisis (to name just a few). Having read a few Serhii Plokhy’s books previously, which I must admit I have found to be hit or miss, I decided to pick up ‘Nuclear Folly’. I have to say it was fantastic and truly offers a deeply researched, gripping, and at times unsettling account of one of the most fascinating and dangerous moments in human history. While the Cuban Missile Crisis has been analysed extensively, Plokhy brings a fresh perspective by incorporating recently declassified Soviet documents and focusing on the sheer chaos and miscalculations that almost led to nuclear war.
Plokhy’s central thesis is that the crisis was not a well-orchestrated game of Cold War brinkmanship but rather a series of missteps, misunderstandings, and near-catastrophic decisions by both American and Soviet leaders. He dismantles the myth of John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev as master strategists, showing instead how luck played a major role in preventing disaster. He also provides a detailed account of the Soviet side, particularly the experience of the troops stationed in Cuba, many of whom were under strict orders to use nuclear weapons if attacked—an alarming fact that highlights just how close the world came to destruction.
What sets ‘Nuclear Folly’ apart is its readability, this is truly some of Plokhy’s best work. He is a historian who can show brilliance and also mediocrity. In this book he shows what he can do as throughout his writing is clear, to the point, whilst also keeping the tension high; making the book as engaging as a thriller while never sacrificing academic rigor. His use of newly available sources adds depth to the Soviet perspective, which is often neglected in Western accounts. However, one thing to point out is that Plokhy’s argument about the role of luck may downplay some of the strategic decision-making that ultimately diffused the crisis. While he convincingly shows the near-chaotic nature of events, it does seem that he underestimates the diplomatic skill involved in navigating such a high-stakes confrontation.
In spite of this, ‘Nuclear Folly’ is excellent in my opinion and adds to the never ending list of essential reading for the Cold War, nuclear policy, and international relations. It serves as both a cautionary tale and a reminder of how fragile global stability can be when nuclear weapons are involved. But who won the crisis? Well JFK said it was him and Khrushchev said it was him. In the end the world didn’t face World War III or a nuclear disaster so I guess we all did. ...more
Sometimes you can either die a hero or live long enough to see yourself become a villain. This J. Edgar Hoover’s life summThe Power Behind the Throne.
Sometimes you can either die a hero or live long enough to see yourself become a villain. This J. Edgar Hoover’s life summed up in one sentence. Hoover, was of course the infamous and enigmatic director of the FBI for 48 years from 1924 until his death in 1972. Beverly Gage looks at this man who wielded huge power over American politics for nearly half a century and asks how someone could go from a 98% approval rating to being widely unpopular and having almost no one (not even in the FBI) stand for his legacy today. In this book, Gage moves beyond the simplistic caricatures of Hoover as either a national hero or a sinister autocrat, instead presenting a nuanced and richly detailed portrait of a man who shaped American law enforcement and politics for much of the 20th Century.
One of the book’s greatest strengths is its balance. Gage does not shy away from Hoover’s authoritarian tendencies, his obsession with communism, and his use of surveillance and intimidation to maintain power. At the same time, she acknowledges his bureaucratic brilliance, his role in modernising federal law enforcement, and his ability to navigate shifting political landscapes across multiple presidencies. Her analysis is particularly insightful in showing how Hoover was not just a reactionary force but also a product of—and sometimes an active participant in—progressive movements, particularly in the early years of his career. It is perhaps Gage’s analysis that this was the shame of Hoover’s legacy as he was completely against these ungentlemanly and questionable tactics in the beginning. But as time march on, he changed and so did the world and the FBI.
Gage’s prose is clear and engaging, making this lengthy biography both accessible and compelling. Her use of newly declassified documents and private correspondence adds fresh insight into Hoover’s personal life, including his complex relationships and the enduring speculation about his sexuality. However, rather than indulging in sensationalism, Gage carefully situates Hoover within the broader context of 20th Century America, illustrating how his methods and beliefs both reflected and shaped the nation’s political culture. What she does clear up is the conspiracy theories around Martin Luther King’s and FDR’s assassinations. Gage puts to bed any notion he was involved or even ordered them. He of course harassed King and didn’t really get on with Kennedy and hated his brother RFK, but he didn’t cause their deaths.
Ultimately, ‘G-Man’ (which comes from the term Government Man’ from the FBIs early years) is a definitive biography that challenges readers to reconsider Hoover’s legacy in all its contradictions. The book is heavy and can be slow in places, but at other times ultimately fascinating. To be honest it isn’t my favourite book, but it is essential reading for anyone interested in American history, government power, and the fine line between security and authoritarianism, especially during this mid 20th Century period....more
Robert Caro’s five volume biography of Lyndon B. Johnson has taken him a lifetime to write, with the fifth volume still not published. The tiAmbition.
Robert Caro’s five volume biography of Lyndon B. Johnson has taken him a lifetime to write, with the fifth volume still not published. The time, effort and dedication that must have been required to produce such an epic and intricate political commentary is astounding. It truly is a towering achievement, a masterclass in storytelling that transforms LBJ’s story into the story of America at the same time. ‘Master of the Senate’ is the third volume in the series, which chronicles LBJ’s rise to power in the U.S. Senate, where he reshaped the institution and his own political destiny.
Caro’s writing is exceptional as he transforms legislative maneuvering into high drama. With talent in abundance he has achieved this through his meticulous research and inexhaustible political knowledge which has allowed for a remarkable analysis of 1950s America. He details how Johnson, once a junior senator with little influence, leveraged relationships, exploited procedural rules, and harnessed personal persuasion to become Senate Majority Leader. The book offers unparalleled insight into the inner workings of the Senate, making clear that Johnson’s genius lay in his ability to manipulate its arcane traditions.
One of the book’s most compelling sections is its account of Johnson’s role in passing the Civil Rights Act of 1957. While the bill was limited in scope, it marked a crucial step toward broader civil rights legislation. Caro presents Johnson as both a political pragmatist and a ruthless power broker, revealing the complexity of his character; part visionary, part opportunist. It has always amazed me that LBJ would stop at nothing to rise to the top, there were truly millions to what he would do to achieve his ambition: The White House. Again as Caro has always explained LBJ was a man of contradictions, hard to pin down. But also a political genius and a restless worker, maneuverer and schemer. This was completely a 24/7 job. LBJ knew how to get power and use power, for example how he could hurt people if he needed to, pulling out their inner most vulnerabilities and throwing it in their face, if he needed to. Of course there are also vivid descriptions of his wife Lady Bird at his beck and call all day every day, a theme which ran throughout their lives.
If there’s a critique to be made of this volume, it’s that Caro’s attention to detail can sometimes slow the narrative. His commitment to exhaustive context, while valuable, may test the patience of some readers. However, I found it was a pleasure to read and found I only needed a break by the last 100 pages or so. This isn’t just the story of LBJ, but a description of how power is acquired, wielded and used to shape history. Louis XIV may or may not have said ‘I am the state’, well LBJ could have said ‘I am history’. For those interested in American politics, power dynamics, and legislative history, ‘Master of the Senate’ is a gripping and indispensable work....more
‘The Sun Also Rises’ by Ernest Hemingway is a novel that looks to capture the disillusionment and aimlessness of the ‘Lost GeneMuch Ado about Nothing.
‘The Sun Also Rises’ by Ernest Hemingway is a novel that looks to capture the disillusionment and aimlessness of the ‘Lost Generation’ in the aftermath of World War I. It is about a group of American and British expatriates travelling from Paris to Spain during the 1920s. The protagonist, journalist Jake Barnes was left impotent by the war, but is in love with Lady Brett Ashley, a beautiful but emotionally troubled woman who cannot be with him because of his injury. This is typical Hemingway writing, focusing around drinking, fishing and bull fighting. The characters end up sitting around in an unfulfilling life, as Hemingway paints a picture of a world where love is painful, masculinity is fragile, and meaning is elusive. The novel climaxes at a bull run where the strain and complexities of their relationships come to a head.
Hemingway’s writing style is his greatest strength, he is famous for his minimalism and this is on full display, making the prose feel raw and immediate. His ability to convey deep emotions through understatement is masterful, and the dialogue is sharp, realistic, and often laced with unspoken tension. His influence on other writers such as Charles Bukowski is clear. The novel also excels in its vivid descriptions of both Paris and Spain, particularly Pamplona during the running of the bulls. The bullfighting sequences, while controversial, are some of the most striking passages in the book.
However, the book is not without its flaws. The characters, particularly Lady Brett Ashley and Robert Cohn, can be frustrating, for example Brett’s destructive relationships and Cohn’s insecurity often make them difficult to sympathise with, but is this on purpose? The novel is also slow at times, with long stretches of drinking and aimless conversation that, while thematically fitting, may test the patience of some readers. I did loose the sense of where the novel was going at times with this. Additionally, its portrayal of Jewish characters, especially Cohn, reflects the prejudices of its time, which can be jarring to modern audiences.
Overall, ‘The Sun Also Rises’ is a beautifully written and deeply evocative novel that captures the emptiness of a post-war generation. While its characters may not be likable, they feel painfully real, and Hemingway’s prose ensures that their struggles linger long after the final page. It’s not a book for everyone, but for those who appreciate subtlety, atmosphere, and a meditation on lost love and lost purpose, it’s a rewarding read. I have read a few Hemingway novels now and this is typical of what to expect from his work. I’m not sure if you would ‘love or hate’ Hemingway, but you know what you are getting yourself into....more
Before I turned to this book as I had absolutely no knowledge of the Watergate scandal other than it brought down President Richard MUltimate Scandal.
Before I turned to this book as I had absolutely no knowledge of the Watergate scandal other than it brought down President Richard M. Nixon. I of course had heard of it, but didn’t know what it truly was in any meaningful way. As someone who has been reading a lot of American history I felt that I had to turn to this book to fill in that black hole. I have been able to bridge this gap and I enjoyed my journey along the way. It has been said that rather than just rehashing well-known details, author Garrett M. Graff has provided a fresh perspective by weaving together an intricate, almost cinematic narrative of the events leading up to and following the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters. As such, it has become a new authority on this complex subject.
One of the book’s greatest strengths is its breadth. Graff does not merely focus on the break-in itself or Nixon’s downfall; he paints a broader picture of the era, covering the culture of paranoia, the mechanics of the cover-up, and the key players—from Nixon and his inner circle to the burglars and journalists who exposed the scandal. The book benefits from Graff’s skill as a storyteller, making even the most detailed accounts of meetings, memos, and secret recordings feel vivid and compelling.
Graff also excels at organising the chaos of Watergate. The scandal involved a dizzying number of figures and moving parts, but this book carefully structures the timeline, providing clarity without sacrificing depth. His use of newly available sources adds fresh insight, reinforcing how deeply corruption and abuse of power had permeated the Nixon administration.
If there’s a drawback, it’s that Graff’s exhaustive detail can be overwhelming at times, especially for readers like me, who are less familiar with Watergate. The sheer number of characters and subplots may make it challenging to keep track of everything. Additionally, while Graff presents the events thoroughly, he doesn’t necessarily offer radically new interpretations—his strength lies in synthesis rather than groundbreaking revelations. Let me be clear you are not going to get your head around this topic in one read through alone. I will need to revisit it at some point as I still feel I have missed a lot.
One of the most interesting aspects is that Graff acknowledges that there are still some unknowns about Watergate and suggests that perhaps we will never know as many involved have long since deceased. For example, Nixon’s true involvement, did he order the break in? Did he even know about it before it happened? The tapes only really explain he was involved in the cover up. The full scope of CIA and FBI involvement is under question and whether the FBI has held back information in its investigation. What was the true purpose of the break in and if not Nixon then who ordered it? Was it to damage the Democrats or to gather political intelligence? What was said on the infamous 18 and half minute gap on the tapes that has been erased? Finally, are there other unknown Watergates we don’t know about? One would suggest this is very likely.
For me this book was well written, engaging and offers a high standard of historical investigation. As such if you are interested in this period or fascinated by power and scandal this book must surely be a must read for you. Graff successfully reintroduces Watergate to a new generation like me, making it feel as urgent and consequential as it must have done in the 1970s. His book stands as one of the most definitive modern accounts of the scandal, providing both a gripping narrative and a meticulous historical record....more
Abraham Lincoln is perhaps the most beloved of all the US presidents and with reason. He was a political genius who steered the gauntFacing Adversity.
Abraham Lincoln is perhaps the most beloved of all the US presidents and with reason. He was a political genius who steered the gauntlet of the wolves den, whilst doing what was right. In doing the great man justice, David Herbert Donald’s biography is one of the most authoritative and engaging ever written about Lincoln. A Pulitzer Prize-winning historian, Donald crafts a nuanced and deeply researched portrait of the 16th president, focusing on Lincoln’s personal and political evolution rather than presenting him as a mythic figure.
Unlike other Lincoln biographies that emphasise his moral clarity or inevitability as a great leader, Donald takes a more measured approach. He portrays Lincoln as a self-made man whose decisions were shaped by experience, pragmatism, and political necessity. This interpretation challenges some of the more romanticized versions of Lincoln’s life, showing him as an often uncertain and deeply introspective leader rather than an all-knowing emancipator.
One of the greatest strengths of Lincoln is its use of primary sources, particularly Lincoln’s own writings. Donald meticulously reconstructs Lincoln’s life, focusing on his legal career, political rise, and presidency, while resisting the temptation to impose modern interpretations onto his subject. The book also captures Lincoln’s wit, storytelling ability, and moments of vulnerability, making him feel like a real person rather than a distant historical figure.
The biography is also structured in a way that allows the reader to understand Lincoln’s perspective at different stages of his life. Donald frequently places the reader inside Lincoln’s mindset, illustrating his doubts, frustrations, and evolving views—especially on slavery. Rather than presenting Lincoln as an unwavering abolitionist from the start, the book details his gradual shift toward embracing emancipation as a wartime necessity and moral imperative.
Some critics argue that Donald’s approach makes Lincoln seem too passive, as though he were merely reacting to events rather than shaping them. Others feel the book underplays Lincoln’s visionary leadership, especially in the Civil War’s later years. Additionally, readers looking for extensive analysis of Lincoln’s policies or the broader impact of the Civil War might find this biography less comprehensive in those areas than other works like Team of Rivals by Doris Kearns Goodwin.
Overall, Lincoln is a masterfully written and deeply insightful biography that presents a balanced and humanising portrait of one of America’s most revered leaders. Donald’s approach, focusing on Lincoln’s internal struggles and personal growth, makes this book a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the man behind the legend. While some may prefer a more action-driven narrative, Lincoln stands as one of the most definitive and readable accounts of his life....more
Second in Edmund Morris’ trilogy of that most iconic of presidents Theodore Roosevelt, ‘Theodore Rex’ is a solid follow up to ‘The RisRestless Energy.
Second in Edmund Morris’ trilogy of that most iconic of presidents Theodore Roosevelt, ‘Theodore Rex’ is a solid follow up to ‘The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt.’ This book captures the presidency of Roosevelt from 1901 to 1909 and focuses on Roosevelt’s dramatic rise to power to his years in the White House, detailing the challenges, triumphs, and controversies of his presidency.
Morris excels at portraying Roosevelt’s boundless energy, intellectual curiosity, and progressive vision. From the moment Roosevelt takes office after the assassination of William McKinley, the book highlights his drive to reshape the presidency and exert strong federal authority in an era of rapid industrialisation and social change. His ambitious domestic policies—including trust-busting, railroad regulation, labor rights advocacy, and an unprecedented conservation movement—demonstrate his belief in using government power to serve the public good. Roosevelt’s battles with corporate monopolies, particularly his confrontation with J.P. Morgan over the Northern Securities Company, underscore his determination to rein in the unchecked power of big business.
On the international stage, Roosevelt emerges as a bold and pragmatic leader. His foreign policy, encapsulated in the phrase ‘speak softly and carry a big stick,’ is explored in detail, particularly through his role in securing the construction of the Panama Canal and his deft handling of the Russo-Japanese War, which earned him the Nobel Peace Prize. Morris presents Roosevelt as a president who skillfully balanced diplomacy with military readiness, expanding America’s global influence while avoiding direct conflict.
However I found the biggest weakness of the book is Morris’ scatty narrative style. In attempting to bring the events to life he tries to weave in Roosevelt’s own words and the perspectives of those around him. For me this caused the book to the disjointed and distracting. Sometimes the book was all over the place, with sentences or phrases that made it feel like Morris was trying too hard. Furthermore, whilst ‘The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt’ had the advantage of a more dramatic personal transformation, ‘Theodore Rex’ is inherently more focused on governance, making it a slightly slower read.
Morris also does not shy away from Roosevelt’s complexities. While the book largely admires his leadership, it acknowledges his imperialist tendencies, racial views, and at times autocratic impulses. His expansionist policies, particularly regarding U.S. intervention in Latin America, are examined with a critical lens, illustrating both his strategic brilliance and his belief in American supremacy.
Overall, ‘Theodore Rex’ is a richly detailed portrait of one of America’s most dynamic presidents even if the style of writing was tough going in parts. However, Morris’ meticulous research alone may perk the interest of anyone interested in Roosevelt’s presidency, the Progressive Era, or the evolution of American power in the early 20th century. While it may not have the same dramatic arc as its predecessor, it still maintains a standard expected of the professional historian in the study of the past....more
I had been staring at this book for a long time, wondering when I was going to take on this momentous task. So when I had to off woThe Decision Maker.
I had been staring at this book for a long time, wondering when I was going to take on this momentous task. So when I had to off work following some surgery, I took the perfect opportunity. All I can say that this book is worth the time and dedication. It is truly a masterful biography of the 33rd President of the United States, Harry S. Truman. Probably the ultimate biography of the man. First written in 1992, David McCullough’s book won the Pulitzer Prize as it offers a comprehensive look at Truman’s life, from his humble beginnings in Missouri to his consequential presidency, which included the decision to drop the atomic bomb, the early years of the Cold War, and the implementation of the Marshall Plan.
One of McCullough’s greatest strengths is his storytelling ability. He brings Truman to life with vivid detail, making the book read more like a novel than a standard political biography. McCullough captures Truman’s unassuming personality, his Midwestern values, and his unwavering sense of duty, especially to his wife Bess, who he married on his return from Being an artillery captain in World War I. The book also provides a fascinating look at the political landscape of the twentieth century, from the corrupt Pendergast machine in Missouri to the high-stakes decisions of World War II and the Cold War. Truman was a nineteenth century man as McCullough explains, educated and brought up before the hell of WWI, but influenced events of the twentieth.
McCullough’s research is meticulous, drawing from personal letters, diaries, and extensive archival materials. He paints a balanced portrait of Truman, highlighting both his strengths—his decisiveness, integrity, and resilience—and his flaws, such as his stubbornness and occasional political missteps. This is a man who had to follow in the footsteps of FDR, whom the American people and international community at the time largely admired and then was written off in the 1948 election campaign only to come out on top. Harry sure went through hell, but I’m not sure if he let them have it!
While the book is richly detailed and as I mentioned at the start of this review, this book is long. It spans over a thousand pages and some readers may find it too lengthy, particularly in sections that delve into Truman’s early life and minor political roles. Additionally, McCullough’s admiration for Truman is clear, and while he doesn’t shy away from criticism, some critics argue that the biography leans toward a sympathetic portrayal rather than a fully critical analysis. Personally I’ve always admired Truman, especially for the decisions he made and he had some tough ones to make. Such as the dropping of the atomic bomb, the sacking of MacArthur in the Korean War and the order to seize the coal mines in the strikes in 1946. This is what you want from a leader, decisive and strong. He could be known for a temper, but was generally a warm man, who liked people. He also cared about his dress and always wore suit immaculately. This is something to appreciate and for me he lies on the side of ‘good presidents.’
‘Truman’ is a definitive and engaging biography that offers a deep understanding of one of America’s most underestimated presidents. McCullough’s ability to humanise historical figures makes this book essential reading for anyone interested in American history, political leadership, or the mid-20th century world order. Despite its length, it remains one of the best biographies ever written about an American president. I would also say that in my opinion this is McCulloughs best work, the writing is superior and more coherent to his others books, for example 1776....more
Ron Chernow has established himself as one of the great modern historians. His books are well written, full of remarkable detail andFirst of His Name.
Ron Chernow has established himself as one of the great modern historians. His books are well written, full of remarkable detail and stray away from irrational opinions. Chernow is best known for his biography on Alexander Hamilton and has taken a similarly comprehensive approach to George Washington, presenting him as a complex, flawed, but ultimately heroic figure who shaped the nation through sheer force of will and character.
One of the book’s greatest strengths is its ability to humanise Washington. Often depicted as an almost mythical figure, Washington emerges here as a man with contradictions—reserved but fiercely ambitious, dignified yet emotionally guarded, a reluctant leader who nonetheless sought power and influence. Chernow meticulously traces Washington’s evolution from a young, insecure officer during the French and Indian War to the revolutionary general and, finally, the first president of the United States. Along the way, he examines Washington’s struggles with military strategy, political factions, and his own personal limitations.
A particularly compelling aspect of the book is its treatment of Washington’s relationship with slavery. Chernow does not shy away from the moral contradictions of a man who both depended on enslaved labor and, later in life, became increasingly troubled by the institution. The book presents Washington’s slow transformation on this issue, culminating in his decision to free his enslaved people upon his wife’s death—an act that, while significant, still underscores the deep complexities of his legacy.
The biography is long and meticulously detailed and unfortunately Chernow’s lively prose are enough to ensure that it doesn’t become dull near to the end. 50-70 pages should have been shaved off for me, albeit the Washington aficionado will appreciate every sentence. The level of detail is exhausting, especially around Washington’s financial affairs and estate management. That being said, I accept this does give depth and I appreciated Chernow’s time spent on Washington’s daring leadership during the Revolution or his struggles with political infighting in the early republic.
Overall, this is an essential read for anyone interested in American history. It offers a fresh, engaging, and nuanced look at a man who helped define a nation, portraying him not as an untouchable icon, but as a deeply human leader with strengths and weaknesses. Chernow’s ability to blend scholarship with compelling storytelling makes this one of the definitive biographies of George Washington....more
John Steinbeck’s novels a synonymous with the early 1930s, the Great Depression and American Dust Bowl. Those bleak and From Depths of the Depression.
John Steinbeck’s novels a synonymous with the early 1930s, the Great Depression and American Dust Bowl. Those bleak and down and out days that seemed to have shook the whole world. Perhaps his famous book, ‘Of Mice and Men’ is a novella that explores themes of friendship, isolation, and the pursuit of the American Dream. Set during the Great Depression, the story follows George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced ranch workers who travel through California seeking work. George is small and quick-witted, while Lennie, though physically strong, has a mental disability that makes him dependent on George’s guidance. Their dream of owning a piece of land and “living off the fatta the lan’” drives them forward, but the harsh realities of the world threaten to crush their hopes.
Steinbeck’s prose is both simple and poetic, capturing the vast loneliness of the American West while painting deeply human portraits of its characters. The relationship between George and Lennie is the heart of the novel—both tender and tragic. George’s sense of responsibility for Lennie creates moments of warmth, but also deepens the inevitability of the novel’s heartbreaking climax.
Beyond the central duo, Steinbeck populates the story with characters who each reflect a different facet of isolation: Candy, the aging ranch hand; Crooks, the Black stable worker marginalised by racism; and Curley’s wife, whose nameless existence highlights her lack of identity and agency. Each of them, in some way, longs for connection, but Steinbeck suggests that the harshness of the world often denies people their dreams.
At its core, ‘Of Mice and Men’ is a meditation on human vulnerability. It asks whether dreams are ever truly attainable and forces readers to confront the painful realities of power, prejudice, and fate. Despite its brevity, the novel leaves a lasting impact, making it a cornerstone of American literature. Whether read as a story of friendship, a critique of the American Dream, or a tragic reflection on the human condition, Steinbeck’s novella remains as powerful and relevant as ever. Although I have read ‘Grapes of Wrath’ and ‘East of Eden’ before I had never read ‘Of Mice and Men’, but it brought back my deep appreciation for Steinbeck’s work. These are all good books....more
Ron Chernow’s ‘Grant’ is a book I’ve wanted to read for a long time. However, living in England it can be seldom found on From Rags to Riches to Rags.
Ron Chernow’s ‘Grant’ is a book I’ve wanted to read for a long time. However, living in England it can be seldom found on bookshelves of American History. I have always found this strange for such a popular book by a masterful writer. So, I had to order the book online an addiction I never want to loose. I have to say that it is a monumental biography. It transforms the view of Ulysses S. Grant, one of America’s most misunderstood historical figures. Known primarily as the Union general who secured victory in the Civil War and as a scandal-plagued president, Grant is often reduced to simplistic caricatures. Chernow, however, presents a deeply human and multifaceted portrait, revealing a man of quiet resilience, strategic brilliance, and moral conviction.
The book delves into every phase of Grant’s life: his humble beginnings in Ohio, his struggles with failure in business and personal finances, and his battles with alcoholism. Chernow illustrates how these challenges shaped Grant into a man of remarkable perseverance. The narrative shines brightest during Grant’s Civil War years, where Chernow paints a vivid picture of his strategic genius and calm under pressure. Grant emerges not just as a military leader but also as a champion of equality, committed to the emancipation and protection of African Americans.
Chernow also reassesses Grant’s presidency, long dismissed as one of the most corrupt in history. While Grant’s administration was indeed marred by scandals, Chernow argues that these were largely the result of his personal trust in others, rather than his own wrongdoing. The biography highlights Grant’s progressive policies, including his efforts to protect the rights of freedmen during Reconstruction, casting him as a far more principled leader than history has often acknowledged. However, Chernow is still unable to get away from the aggressive anti-British outlook of Grant, who shamelessly still considered invading and annexing Canada or his views on expanding into the Caribbean.
At 965 reading pages, ‘Grant’ is exhaustive, and its length may deter some readers. Chernow’s attention to detail occasionally feels overwhelming, particularly when diving deep into Grant’s post-presidency years or the minutiae of his financial troubles. However, this meticulousness also ensures a well-rounded and thorough portrayal of his subject.
Ultimately, ‘Grant’ is an extraordinary work of scholarship and storytelling that rehabilitates the reputation of one of America’s most underrated figures. Chernow’s masterful narrative breathes new life into Ulysses S. Grant, presenting him as a flawed but heroic figure whose legacy is more relevant than ever in discussions of leadership, equality, and resilience. This is a must-read for history enthusiasts and anyone seeking to better understand the complexities of one of America’s greatest leaders....more
This was one of the few books I have read not because of the initial interest in the subject matter but more on its rAlways on the Outside Looking In.
This was one of the few books I have read not because of the initial interest in the subject matter but more on its reputation as a remarkable piece of literature. It’s almost as if anyone interested in American history has to read Ron Chernow’s ‘Alexander Hamilton’. All I can say is that it lives up to the hype. Seriously, this is a great book which breathes life into one of America’s most influential yet underappreciated Founding Fathers of the United States of America. Published in 2004, this extensively researched work not only provides a detailed portrait of Alexander Hamilton’s life but also offers a sweeping narrative of the Revolutionary era, blending meticulous scholarship with compelling storytelling.
Chernow’s biography begins with Hamilton’s tumultuous early life in the Caribbean, tracing his rise as a self-made man to his pivotal role in shaping the United States. Through vivid prose, Chernow brings Hamilton’s remarkable intellect, ambition, and vision into sharp focus. The book delves into his accomplishments as a soldier, a Federalist, the first Secretary of the Treasury, and a prolific writer whose contributions to The Federalist Papers helped define American governance.
One of the book’s greatest strengths is its balanced portrayal of Hamilton. Chernow does not shy away from exploring his flaws—his arrogance, impulsiveness, and contentious nature—but he frames them within the context of his extraordinary achievements and the intense rivalries of his time. The author also provides nuanced insights into Hamilton’s relationships with figures such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Aaron Burr, illuminating the political and personal conflicts that ultimately led to his tragic death in a duel. This was not a united world ideals amongst great men , but the introduction of a dark, backstabbing and dog eat dog world of politics.
Chernow’s attention to historical context is exceptional. He paints a vivid picture of the volatile early years of the republic, offering readers a deeper understanding of the challenges and debates that shaped the nation. His prose is both accessible and eloquent, striking a balance between scholarly rigor and narrative appeal.
Alexander Hamilton has garnered widespread acclaim for its ability to make history resonate with modern audiences. It served as the inspiration for Lin-Manuel Miranda’s Broadway phenomenon Hamilton: An American Musical, which further cemented Hamilton’s place in popular culture. Although this is rather cartoonist and actually diverts from Chernow’s great work here. What is clear is that Hamilton was very intelligent (or else he wouldn’t have been sponsored to go to the USA to begin with), but was a man of many complexities, especially with his colleges and family. He never truly fitted in anywhere and has he not died young, we may have seen a lot more of him on the public stage.
At over 800 pages, the book is undeniably dense, but its pacing and clarity make it an engaging read. Chernow’s ability to interweave Hamilton’s personal story with broader historical themes ensures that readers are not only informed but also deeply moved.
In sum, Ron Chernow’s ‘Alexander Hamilton’ is a tour de force of biography and history, offering a comprehensive and captivating portrait of a complex and brilliant figure. It is a must-read for anyone interested in the Revolutionary era, the founding of the United States, or the fascinating life of Alexander Hamilton. I urge those interested to pick up Andrew Roberts’ George III which tackles some of the other issues from the other side of the channel. I will now move onto Chernow’s ‘George Washington’, another titan and exceptional character of the era....more
The Vietnam War is viewed in Western terms as synonymous with disaster. A complete failure on the American side as it got bogged dowUltimate Disaster.
The Vietnam War is viewed in Western terms as synonymous with disaster. A complete failure on the American side as it got bogged down in a hugely unpopular and costly war. It shook the invincibility and confidence of the nation in the same way that the Invasion of Iraq did some 30 years later. Known for his meticulous research and compelling narrative style, Sir Max Hastings delivers a sweeping examination, but deeply human account of the Vietnam War, focusing not just on the strategies and politics but on the harrowing experiences of those who lived and died in its shadow.
Hastings begins by tracing Vietnam’s colonial struggles, providing essential context for understanding the war’s origins. He delves into the complex interplay between the Vietnamese fight for independence and Cold War geopolitics, with France’s faltering empire giving way to escalating American involvement. The book sheds light on the motivations, miscalculations, and hubris of American leaders who underestimated the resolve of the Vietnamese while overestimating the effectiveness of their own military might.
One of the book’s standout features is its balance. Hastings does not fall into the trap of glorifying one side or vilifying the other. He criticises the corrupt and ineffective South Vietnamese regime, the brutal tactics of the communist North, and the often misguided and morally ambiguous decisions of the U.S. government. His portrayal of figures like Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon, and Ho Chi Minh is nuanced, revealing their complexities without absolving them of responsibility.
What makes Vietnam particularly compelling is Hastings’ commitment to giving voice to ordinary people. Through vivid anecdotes and interviews, he brings the war to life from multiple perspectives: American soldiers enduring the horrors of jungle warfare, Vietnamese civilians caught in the crossfire, and Viet Cong fighters driven by ideology and survival. These personal stories make the book as emotionally powerful as it is historically illuminating.
At nearly 900 pages, Vietnam is an exhaustive read, but it rarely feels overwhelming. Hastings’ prose is sharp and engaging, with moments of dark humor that lighten the otherwise grim subject matter. He weaves together military strategy, political analysis, and human stories with remarkable skill, making this a book that appeals to both general readers and serious students of history.
If there is any criticism, it might be that Hastings, a British historian, occasionally approaches the subject with an outsider’s lens that can feel detached. Some readers may also find his skepticism of US interventionism overly critical, though his arguments are well-supported.
In conclusion, ‘Vietnam: An Epic Tragedy, 1945-1975’ is a definitive account of the Vietnam War that captures its complexity, tragedy, and enduring legacy. It is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand not only the war itself but the broader human cost of conflict. Hastings’ ability to combine rigorous scholarship with empathetic storytelling makes this a landmark work in modern history....more
Charles Bukowski is not for everyone, but he has a loyal fan base spreading over decades. He is popular because oGritty, Irrelevant but Extremely Fun.
Charles Bukowski is not for everyone, but he has a loyal fan base spreading over decades. He is popular because of his raw unfiltered voice and his ability to capture the struggles, absurdities and occasional joys of everyday life of the down and out. ‘South of No North’ is typical Bukowski and one of my favourites of his. It is an unapologetic collection of short stories that exemplifies his distinctive style. Published in 1973, this anthology dives into the seedy underbelly of life in America, populated by drunks, misfits, dreamers, and the downtrodden. Through these characters, Bukowski explores themes of loneliness, desperation, love, and fleeting hope, all while offering a brutally honest critique of society.
The stories in this collection are concise, visceral, and often unsettling. Bukowski’s prose is deceptively simple—he strips language to its bare essentials, creating an almost poetic cadence to his work. Despite the grim subject matter, his dark humor and keen observations lend the stories a sharp edge. He writes about the grotesque and the mundane with equal weight, illuminating the beauty and absurdity of human existence.
One of the standout features of ‘South of No North’ is its unwavering authenticity. Bukowski draws heavily from his own experiences, blending fiction and autobiography in a way that feels intensely personal. The protagonists, often thinly veiled versions of Bukowski himself, navigate a world filled with rejection, fleeting pleasures, and existential angst. However, the collection has been criticised in recent times. Bukowski’s depiction of women has often been called out for its misogynistic undertones and perhaps time has throughly moved on from when this book was written. While these portrayals may be reflective of his characters’ flawed perspectives, they can alienate readers who expect more nuanced or empathetic depictions.
Despite its polarising aspects, ‘South of No North’ remains a compelling and important work. It captures the struggles of those living on society’s fringes, offering an unvarnished look at the human condition. For fans of Bukowski’s unfiltered style and newcomers seeking a raw literary experience, this collection serves as a powerful introduction to his world.
This book is not for the faint-hearted, but for those willing to embrace its unflinching honesty, it is a profound and unforgettable read. He will remain popular for years to come due to his unapologetic and honest approach, his accessible writing style and anti establishment outlook. Furthermore, it must be remembered that Charles Bukowski is a titan of American literature because he represents a counterpoint to traditional literary norms and expands the boundaries of what can be considered artful or worthy of literary exploration. His contributions lie in his unique voice, his focus on the lives of ordinary and marginalised individuals, and his lasting influence on contemporary literature and culture....more