The opening battle scene was good but suffered from war movie clichés, like having a guy drag another to safety only to find half his body missing. They also have those stock characters, the scavenger, the harsh Commissar, and the heroic, square jawed commander. But as the movie progresses, the actors settle into their roles. The commander is especially likable.
The movie is well structured. After the opening battle there is a tense pause before the German counter-attack. This gives the actors time to show us the state or the Red Army in 1942. We see the tension between the regular army and the Commissars. All war movies glam up battle scenes but it was less than a typical American production.
The behavior of the Commissars is portrayed negatively but we hear enough to understand why they identify so strongly with the state. This does not justify them but it lets you see them as humans who took a wrong turn. The Commissars have logical, if flawed, reasons for their decisions as their heavy handedness creates hostility. After a tense argument, a Commissar refuses to send help to a unit that just took a position, blurting out, 'whatever we send them will be a total loss'. He assumes the officer is being emotional but he is not allowing the army to prove what they could do given resources at critical times. I thought this interplay was well done but you have to look for it, this good writing.
They used the church imagery effectively. You see it wherever they went. You see them standing next to a wall decorated with icons and in a basement. Religious themes can feel forced but here it felt natural. Even the Commissars, famous for their atheism, chose to ignore its presence rather than fight it. You could see this going through their minds with one uncomfortable glance. The Church belonged there the Germans did not. When a German emerged from an Orthodox church at night with a flame thrower, it was chilling. It was as if they were assaulting the essence of the town.
The Germans were a better foil here than in American movies. In U. S. movies they are portrayed as evil but incompetent. This detracts from their seriousness. Here they are deadly and their presence is like a dark cloud.
Except for a few common war movie tropes, this was a very good movie.