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Logic Eduction Opposition

This document summarizes the different kinds of eductive inference: 1. Conversion involves transposing the subject and predicate while retaining quality. This includes simple, partial, and contraposition conversions. 2. Obversion retains the subject and quantity but transposes the quality and changes the predicate to its contradictory term. 3. Contraposition first obverts then converts the statement. Simple contraposition applies to universal and particular propositions, while complete contraposition applies to universal propositions. 4. Inversion presents the contradictory of the original subject and changes the quality while retaining the predicate for simple inversion or retaining both subject and predicate for complete inversion.

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42 views1 page

Logic Eduction Opposition

This document summarizes the different kinds of eductive inference: 1. Conversion involves transposing the subject and predicate while retaining quality. This includes simple, partial, and contraposition conversions. 2. Obversion retains the subject and quantity but transposes the quality and changes the predicate to its contradictory term. 3. Contraposition first obverts then converts the statement. Simple contraposition applies to universal and particular propositions, while complete contraposition applies to universal propositions. 4. Inversion presents the contradictory of the original subject and changes the quality while retaining the predicate for simple inversion or retaining both subject and predicate for complete inversion.

Uploaded by

ClaireDonnahFernando
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© © All Rights Reserved
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KINDS OF EDUCTIVE INFERENCE

1. CONVERSION
Simple Conversion (I and E only)
1. Transpose the subject and the predicate.
2. Retain quality
I to I: Many treasure hunters are successful businessman. LOGICAL OPPOSITION
Many successful businessmen are treasure hunters.
E to E: No Protestants are Catholics. 1. CONTRADICTORY – differ both in quality and quantity
No Catholics are Protestants. A and O, E and I

Partial Conversion (A to I, E to O) A or E O or I
1. Change from Universal to Particular T F
A to I: Every Filipino is an Asian F T
Some Asians are Filipinos.
2. CONTRARY – differ in quality not in quantity(universal/sing)
E to O: No stars are galaxies.
A and E
Some galaxies are not stars.
A E
2. OBVERSION (A to E, E to A, I to O, O to I) T F
1. Retain subject and quantity F ?
2. Transpose quality
3. Change the orig predicate to a contradictory term
A to E: All dolphins are sea creatures. E A
All dolphins are not non-sea creatures. T F
F ?
3. CONTRAPOSITION
Simple Contraposition (A to E, E to I, O to I) 3. SUBCONTRARY – differ in quality not in quantity(particular)
1. Obvert I and O
2. Convert
A to E: All inventors are scientists. I O
Obvert: No inventors are non-scientists. F T
Convert: No non-scientists are inventors. T ?
Hence: No non-scientists are inventors.
O I
Complete Contraposition (A to A, E to O, O to O) F T
1. Obvert T ?
2. Convert
3. Obvert again
4. SUB-ALTERN – differ in quantity but not in quality
A to A: All princes are of noble origin.
A and I, E and O
1. No prices are of non-noble origin.
2. No non-noble origins are princes.
A or E I or O
3. All non-noble origins are non-prices.
T T
Hence: All non-noble origins are non-prices. F ?

4. INVERSION I or O A or E
Simple Inversion (A to O, E to I) T ?
1. Present contradictory of original subject F F
2. Change the quality
3. Retain the predicate
A to O: Every creature is an organism
Some non-creature is not an organism

Complete Inversion (A to I, E to O)
1. Retain subject and predicate
2. Present contradictory both subject and predicate
3. Never change the quality
A to I: All missionaries are evangelists
Some non-missionaries are non-evangelists.

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