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Geologic Time Scale

The document provides an overview of evolution on Earth from the earliest organisms over 4 billion years ago to the most recent ice age around 18,000 years ago. It describes the major periods and events in life's history on our planet, including the Precambrian era with the first bacteria and multicellular life, the Cambrian explosion of invertebrates, the rise of fish, amphibians, reptiles like dinosaurs and mammals, mass extinctions like the one that ended the Cretaceous period, and the radiation of mammals and early humans in the Tertiary period. Diagrams show examples of organisms from each era.

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Arnold Arada Paombong
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20 views60 pages

Geologic Time Scale

The document provides an overview of evolution on Earth from the earliest organisms over 4 billion years ago to the most recent ice age around 18,000 years ago. It describes the major periods and events in life's history on our planet, including the Precambrian era with the first bacteria and multicellular life, the Cambrian explosion of invertebrates, the rise of fish, amphibians, reptiles like dinosaurs and mammals, mass extinctions like the one that ended the Cretaceous period, and the radiation of mammals and early humans in the Tertiary period. Diagrams show examples of organisms from each era.

Uploaded by

Arnold Arada Paombong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Housekeeping

• Ms. Gemmell
• Signout
• Cellphones
• Wiki

Evolution
Evolution

History of Life on Earth

Evolution
Simpson’s Clip
• What scientific theory is
being described by this
clip?
• What does evolution
mean?
• What were the earliest
organisms on this planet?

Evolution
Precambrian
•4.5 Billion to 650 Million years ago
•Oldest known rocks = 3.8 Billion years old!
•Canadian Shield
•Oldest known fossils = 3.6 Billion years old!
•Unicellular organisms (Bacteria)
•Oxygen = 2.3 Bya
•Oldest fossil multicellular organisms = 700
Mya

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Precambrian

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Early Palaeozoic
•540 - 348 Mya
•Cambrian Explosion
• Invertebrates (Trilobites, Echinoderms,
Molluscs)
•Primitive Plants
•First Corals
•Primitive (jawless) Fishes

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Early Palaeozoic

Evolution
Molluscs
Trilobite
Evolution
Middle Palaeozoic
•438 - 360 Mya
•First Jawed Fishes
•First Vascular Plants on Land
•First Insects
•The Age of Fishes
•Dunkleostus
•Many Coral Reefs

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Middle Palaeozoic
Dunkleostus

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Late Palaeozoic
•360 - 248 Mya
•Coal Swamps Everywhere!
•Many Amphibians
• Dimetrodon
•Gymnosperms dominate

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Late Palaeozoic
Coal Swamp

Evolution
Dimetrodon

Evolution
“Dinosaur”
Comes from the greek “deinos” for “terrible,
powerful, and wondrous” and from another
greek word “sauros” for “lizard”

11/16/09 Evolution
Triassic
•248 - 208 Mya
•Permian / Triassic Extinction
•96% Marine animals
•70% Terrestrial vertebrates
•Pangea
•Dawn of the Dinosaurs!

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Evolution
Jurassic
•208 - 146 Mya
•Many Marine Reptiles
•Icthyosaurs
•Plesiosaurs
•Belemnites
•First Sauropods (Giant herbivorous
dinos)
•First Birds
•First Flowers

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Pleiosaur

Plesiosaur

Evolution
Cretaceous
•Up to 146 - 65 Mya
•The Golden Age of Dinosaurs
•Tyrannosaurus rex
•Triceratops
•Stegasaurus

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Tyrannosaurus rex

Evolution
Pteranodon

Brachiosaurus

Triceratops

Compsognathus
Spinosaurus
Basilosaurus
Alphodon
Cretaceous / Tertiary Boundary
•65 Mya
•Major Extinction event
•Almost 50% of animal species on
planet die
•Theories?
•Impact
•Volcanism
•Disease

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Chicxulub
Impact Site
Tertiary
•65 – 1.8 Mya
•Radiaton of Mammals!
•First Hominds towards end

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Rhodocetus

Uintatherium

Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Most Recent Ice Age
•18, 000 ya
•Gigantism
•Evidence of Homo sapiens
•Bering Land Bridge

Evolution
11/16/09 Evolution
Mammoth

Giant Sloth

Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Plate Tectonics
• Video Clip

Evolution
• Great Resource for studying:
– http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/Geologic

11/16/09 Evolution
Wrap-up
• Which organisms retained shape over time?
• Which changed?
• Why do you think some changed and some
stayed the same?
– Changing Earth

Evolution
Bibliography
• http://www.scotese.com/earth.htm
• www.search4dinosaurs.com/burgess_shale.html
• http://deepseanews.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/Dunkleosteus_BW1.jpg
• www.karencarr.com/gallery_permian_detail.htm
• krlphotography.typepad.com/.../trilobite1.htm
• www.uio.no/forskning/predatorx/english.htm
• www.arizonaskiesmeteorites.com

Evolution

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