CHAPTER 1

PRELIMINARY

A. Background
Waste is basically a material that is wasted or thrown away from a source of the
results of human activities and natural processes that have no economic value, can even
have a negative value because in its handling, either to dispose of or clean it requires a
large enough cost. In addition, the characteristics of garbage are odor, garbage can also
cause diseases such as diarrhea.
Garbage is a consequence of community activities. Every human activity must
produce waste or garbage. As a city grows, so does the burden it must bear. One of them
is the burden due to waste produced by urban communities collectively. For big cities,
waste will have a very large number of negative impacts if the handling is not carried out
carefully and seriously, which results in changes in the balance of the environment that
are detrimental or unexpected so that it can pollute the environment both on soil, water
and air. Effective and efficient waste management must be carried out by all parties, both
the community and the government. All of these parties are responsible for handling
waste so that they no longer cause problems (Gunawan, 2007).
The problem of waste is crucial. Even garbage can be said as a cultural problem
because its impact is affected on various sides of life (Sudradjat, 2006). Efforts to handle
waste need to be carried out properly managerially and involve all elements of
government, private and community that are expected to minimize costs incurred in its
management.
Garbage and deception are now becoming increasingly pressing problems in
Indonesian cities. Handling and controlling solid waste problems in 2 cities has become
increasingly complex and complicated with the increasingly complex type and
composition of waste in line with the increasing number of residents and activities of City
residents. The community does not want to deal too closely with waste, even though it is
certain that every day they will always produce waste. They hope that their daily
activities can avoid rubbish, such as TPS or garbage trucks. This is indeed unavoidable
because garbage itself has so far had a negative impact. (Karadimas, 2007).

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 Waste management is a shared responsibility between the government and the
community. For residential waste, the division of waste management responsibilities can
be divided into two, the management of waste from the source to the TPS is the
responsibility of the community, and waste management from the TPS to the TPA is the
responsibility of the regional government. This is explained in (Minister of Home Affairs
Regulation number 33 of 2010). The waste management activities that are the
responsibility of the community are (1) waste collection and sorting activities at the
source, (2) community scale waste management at the source, (3) garbage collection from
source to polling station.

B. Problem Formulation
1. What Is the Definition of Garbage Collection?
2. How is the Garbage Collection Service System?
3. What is the Garbage Collection Site Technical Equipment?

C. Purpose
1. To find out the Definition of Garbage Collection?
2. To find out the Garbage Collection Service System?
3. To find out the Technical Equipment for Garbage Collection Sites?

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Definition of Garbage Collection

What is meant by a garbage collection system is a method or process of
collecting waste starting from the place of storage / collection of garbage from the
source of the waste generation to the place of collection between intermediate /
pamphlet or at once to the final landfill (TPA).
Collection is generally carried out by municipal or non-governmental sanitation
workers (garbage sources, private bodies or RT / RW).
Community participation in waste management is largely determined by the ability of
the city to shoulder the burden of city solid waste problems.
In operational technical waste management costs for waste collection activities can
reach 40% of the total operational costs. Therefore, an effective and efficient collection
technique should be sought, including consideration of waste storage, so that operating
costs can be kept as low as possible.

B. Waste Collection Service System

Basically, garbage collection can be grouped into 2 collection patterns:
1. Direct individual pattern
Collection is carried out by cleaning staff who come to each building / source of
waste (door to door) and immediately transported for disposal in landfills. This
collection pattern uses ordinary garbage truck, dump truck or compactor truck.

Source of Collection/
Final disposal
garbage transportation

Direct individual pattern with the following requirements

1) Corrugated topographic conditions (> 15-40%), only machine collection
equipment can operate;
2) The road conditions are quite wide and the operation does not interfere with other
road users;

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 3) Adequate conditions and number of tools;
4) The amount of landfill> 0.3 m3 / day;
5) For residents located on the protocol road

2. Indirect individual patterns

The areas served by the two methods above are generally regular
neighborhoods, shopping areas, public places, roads and parks. Depot Transfer type
I, type II or type III, depending on the area of area served and the availability of land
location.

Source of Collection/
transportation Final disposal
garbage transportation

Indirect individual patterns with the following requirements

1) For areas where passive community participation;
2) Land for the relocation site is available;
3) For topographical conditions which are relatively flat (average <5%) can use non-
machine collection devices (carts, rickshaws);
4) The collection equipment can still reach directly;
5) The condition of the width of the alley can be passed by the collecting tools
without disturbing other road users; rate
6) There must be a waste management organization.

3. Direct communal pattern

Waste collection is carried out by each producer of waste (households, etc.) to the
communal waste collection sites that have been provided or directly to the garbage
trucks that come to the collection point (such as bars in Jakarta).

Source of Communal
transportation Final disposal
garbage Container

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 Direct communal pattern with the following requirements:
1) If the conveyance is limited;
2) If the ability to control personnel and equipment is relatively low;
3) Collecting equipment is difficult to reach individual waste sources (hilly terrain,
narrow alley / road conditions);
4) High community participation;
5) Communal containers are placed in accordance with needs and locations that are
easily accessible by the transporter (truck);
6) For irregular settlements,

4. Indirect communal pattern

Waste collection is done by each producer of waste (households, etc.) to places
that have been provided / determined (bin / communal garbage bin) or directly to the
garbage carts / tricycle that hang at communal collection points. The janitor with his
wagon then picks up trash from the communal collection points and is taken to a
temporary shelter or depot transfer before being transported to the final disposal site
in a garbage truck. If the garbage collection site is in the form of a flatcar, the
officials only need to take it to a temporary shelter or transfer the transfer to the
truck.

Source of Communal Collection, transportation Final disposal

garbage Container transfer

Indirect communal pattern with the following requirements:

1) High community participation;
2) Communal containers are placed in accordance with needs and locations that are
easily accessible by collection equipment;
3) Land for the relocation site is available;
4) As topographical conditions are relatively flat (average <5%), can use the tool.
non-machine collectors (carts, rickshaws) for topographic conditions> 5% can use
other means such as the pole, small wheeled containers and sacks;

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 5) The width of the road / alley can be passed by the collecting tools without
disturbing other road users;
6) There must be a waste management organization

C. Technical Equipment for Garbage Collection Sites

The technical equipment for waste collection sites is distinguished based on the
source of the garbage:
1. A residential area that is already organized or not yet organized.
The type of equipment used is: plastic or paper bags with the appropriate
volume available, plastic bin or 40-50 lt volume vat with lid.
2. Market
The type of equipment used is: Bin or garbage bin volume 50-60 lt
permanently installed, Bin or plastic with a volume of 120-240 lt that has a lid
and wheels, a garbage cart that has a volume of 1 m3, a container of Arn roll
with a capacity of 6 -10 m3 and variable contents bins.
3. Shops
The types of equipment used are: plastic bags with varying volumes, plastic
bin or casks with a volume of 50-60 lt, plastic bin with a volume of 120-240 lt
with wheels.
4. Office Or Hotel
The type of equipment used is: Container with a volume of 1 m3 and has
wheels, a large container with a volume of 6-10 m3.
5. Public places, roads and parks
The type of equipment used is: plastic bin or cask with a volume of 50-60 lt
permanently installed, bin plastic with a volume of 120-240 with wheels.

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
garbage collection system is a method or process of collecting waste starting from
the place of storage / collection of garbage from the source of the waste generation to the
place of collection between intermediate / pamphlet or at once to the final landfill (TPA).
Basically, garbage collection can be grouped into 2 collection patterns: Direct
individual pattern, Indirect individual patterns, Direct communal pattern, Indirect
communal pattern.
For The technical equipment for waste collection sites is distinguished based on
the source of the waste.

B. Recommendation
1. It is better if, in determining the pattern of garbage collection, pay attention to the
condition of the community, topographic area and the amount of waste piles.
2. It is recommended that in determining the technical equipment for collecting waste, it
is important to consider the source of the producer, because each tempeh has different
types and amounts of waste, so that the technical equipment used is also different.

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 REFERENCE

https://jujubandung.wordpress.com/2012/05/29/pewadahan-pengumpulan-dan-pemindahan-
sampah/

http://repository.unpas.ac.id/26557/4/04_BAB%20I%20PENDAHULUAN.pdf

http://ciptakarya.pu.go.id/plp/upload/peraturan/SNI_19-2454-
_2002_Tata_Cara_TeknikOperasional_Pengelolaan_Sampah_Perkotaan.pdf