Tense Berdasarkan pembagian waktunya :
1. Sekarang (Present tense)
2. Dulu (Past tense)
3. Akan datang (Futuretense )
pembagian waktu tersebut kemudian dibagi lmenjadi :
1.Simple (Sederhana).
2. Continuous (Sedang dilakukan).
3. Perfect (sudah selesai dilakukan)
1.Simple Present >Fungsi:
a. Untuk meyatakan suatu kebenaran umum/ mutlak.
Rumus :
• (+)S + Tobe + Noun/ Adjective (she is smart)
• (-) S + Tobe +Not+ Noun/ Adjective (she is not smart)
• (?)Tobe + S +Noun/ Adjective ? (is she is smart?)
b. Untuk meyatakan suatu pekerjaan rutin.
Rumus :
• (+) S + V1 ( + Object ) (she eats an apple)
• (-) S + Do/Does + not +V1 ( she does not eat apple)
• (?)Do/Does + not + S + V1? ( does she eat apple?)
2.Present Continuous >Fungsi:
Untuk meyatakan suatu pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung.
Rumus :
• (+) S + am/is/are + Verb.ing (she is reading a magazine)
• (-) S + am/is/are + not + Verb.ing (she is not reading a
• (?) Am/is/are + S + Verb.ing (is she reading a magazine?)
3. Present Perfect >Fungsinya:
Untuk meyatakan suatu pekerjaan yang telah usai pada saat sekarang.
Rumus :
• (+) S + have/has + V3 (she has eaten an apple)
• (-) S + have/has + not + V3 ( she has not eaten an apple)
• (?) Have/has + S + V3? ( has she eaten an apple?)
4. Present Perfect Continuous tense >Fungsi:
Utkk meyatakan suatu pekerjaan yng sdh terjadi dan masih terdapat
kemungkinan terjadi sampai nanti.
Rumus :
• (+) S + have/has + been + Ving
• (-) S + have/has + not + been + Ving
• (?) Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :.
• (+) She has been waiting for you since she was at senior high school
• (-) She has not been waiting for you since she was at senior high school.
• (?) Has She been waiting for you since she was at senior high school.
5. Simple Past tense >Fungsi:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan yng terjadi pada masa lampau/waktu pekerjaan
sdh lwt namun tdk menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan/kegiatan tsbt telah selesai.
Rumus :
• (+) S + V2 + O (she ate meatball in the canteen)
• (-) S + did + not + Verb1 (she did not eat meatball in the canteen)
• (?) Did + S + Verb1) (did she eat meatball in canteen?)
6. Past Continuous. >Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang terjadi pada masa lampau.
Rumus :
• (+) S + was/were + Ving (she was watching tv at 2 o’clock)
• (-) S + was/were + not + Ving (she wasnot watching tv at 2o’clock)
• (?) Was/were + S + Ving (was she watching tv at 2o’clock?)
7. Past Perfect. >Fungsi:
Unk menunjukkan pekerjaan yng tlah selesai ktika pekerjaan lain baru
dimulai pada masa lampau.
Rumus :
• (+) S+ Had+ V3 (she had finished doing her homework b4 u came here)
• (-) S+ Had+ not + V3
• (?) Had+ S + V3 (had she finished doing her homework b4 u came here?)
8. Past Perfect Continuous. >Fungsi:
Utk menunjukkan pekerjaan yng sdh terjadi pada masa lalu dan masih
berlangsung hingga waktu tertentu pada masa lampau.
Rumus :
• (+) S + had + been + Ving (she had been playing badminton at 7o’clock)
• (-) S+had+not+been+Ving
• (?) had+S+been+Ving (had she been playing badminton at 7o’clock?)
9. Simple Future. >Fungsinya:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan sederhana yang akan terjadi.
Rumus :
• (+) S + will + Verb1 (she will go to bandung tomorrow)
• (-) S + will+ not + Verb1
• (?) Will + S + Verb1 (will she go to bandung tomorrow?)
10. Future Continuous. >Fungsi:
Utk menunjukkan pekerjaan yng sedang terjadi pada masa yang akan datang.
Rumus :
• (+) S + will + be + Verb ing (he will be working tomorrow at 10o’clock)
• (-) S+ will + not + be + Verb ing
• (?) Will + S + be + Verb ing (will he working tomorrow at 10o’clock?)
11. Future Perfect. >Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai di masa yang akan datang.
Rumus :
• (+) S + will + have + V3 (she will have finished cooking at 9o’clock
• (-) S + will + have + not + V3
• (?) Will + S + have + V3 (will she finished cooking at 9o’clock?)
12. Future Perfect Continuous. >Fungsi:
Mnyatakan peristiwa yng sdh dimulai dan msh berlangsung namun kejadiannya
tidk sekarang tapi di masa depan.
Rumus :
• (+) S+will+have+been+Ving (she wwill have been working at 8 o’clock)
• (-) S+will+have+not+been+Ving,
• (?) Will+S+have+been+Ving, (will she have been working at 8o’clock?)
13. Past Future. >Fungsi:
Utk menunjukkan pekerjaan yng akan dilakukandan akan slesai pada masa lampau.
Rumus
• (+): S + would + Infinitive/Verb1(she would finish washing if u didn’t comehere)
• (-): S + would + not + Infinitive/Verb1
• (?): Would + S + Infinitive/Verb1(would she finish washing if u didn’t come here?)
14. Past Future Continuous. >Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yng akan sdang dilakukan di masa lampau.
Rumus
(+) S+ would+be +Verb.ing(she would be finish cooking if the stovenot broken)
(-) S + would + not + be + Verb.ing
(?) Would+ S+ be +Verb.ing(would shebe finish cooking if the stovenot broken?)
15. Past Future Perfect. >Fungsi:
Utk menunjukkan pekerjaan yng akan sudah selesai dilakukan pada masa lampau.
Rumus :
(+) S + would + have + been + V3(this store would have been painted if all workers had came yesterday.
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V3
(?) Would +S+ have+ been+ V3(would this store have been painted if all workers had came yesterday?)
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous. >Fungsi:
Utk menunjukkan pekerjaan yng mungkin akan tlah dilakukan dan masih dilakukan pada masa lalu.
Rumus :
(+) S + would + have + been + V-ing(she would have been sleeping if the fan was not broken)
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V-ing
(?) Would + S + have + been + V-ing? (would she have been sleeping if the fan was broken?)
