Parasympathomimetics Parasympatholytics Histamine

Direct Acting Indirect Acting 1- Atropine Agonist

( Anti-cholinesterases )
2- Eucatropine Histamine
Reversible 3- Homatropine
1- Acetylcholine ( M & N)
4- Hyoscine Antagonists
1- Physostigmine (eserine)
2- Carbachol (M&N) 5- Scoplamine H1 H2
2- Neostigmine 6- Tropicamide Chlorpheniramine Cime tidine
3- Methacholine (M)
7- Ipratropium (bronchial asthma) Diphenhydramine Rani tidine
4- Bethanecol (M) 3- Edrophonium 8- Cyclopentolate Loratidine Famo tidine
Ganglion blockers Mepyramine
5- Pilocarpine ( M) Nicotinic anatgoinsts on both Symp. & Parasymp. Niza tidine
Irreversible Pheneramine maleate
1- Echothiopate 9- Nicotine & Lobeline (large dose) Antazoline
10- Mecamylamine
2- Isoflurophate 11- Chlorisondamine
Serotonin 5-HT2
12- Hexamethonium Agonist Agonist 5-HT 1

3- Parathione
13- Trimthaphan Serotonin Buspirone anxiolytic
Sumatriptan in migrane
14- TetraAthylAmmonium chloride
5-HT2 Antagonist 5-HT3 Antagonist
Sympathomimetics Sympatholytics Cyproheptadine
Methysergide Ondansetrone
Catecholamine α - Blockers "anti-emetic action"
α & β Agonists
Ketanserin
β1,β2 non-selective Non-selective blockers selective competitive blockers
Agonists
1- Epinephrine 1- Isoprenaline α1- blockers α2 - blockers
Angiotensin II
Phenoxybenzamine Agonist Antagonist
α & β1 only Agonists 2- Isoproterenol Prazosin
2-Nore-epinephrine Phentolamine Terazosin Yohimbine Angiotensin Saralasin
Others β2 Agonists Tamsulosin Vasopressin
3-Dopamine.(α1 – β ,2 - D ,2 )1 1
Short acting:
…… any drug zosin Agonist Antagonist
4-Dobutamine (α1 - β1,2) 1- Salbutamol Vasopressin --------------
5- Methoxamine (α1) 2- Albuterol β - Blockers
3- Terbutaline
4- Hexoprenaline
Non-selective blockers selective competitive blockers
5- Fenoterol Propranolol Antagonist with Anti-Arrhythmics
6- Rimiterol β1 - blockers β2 - blockers partial agonist
Quinidine - Verapamil - Disopyramide
7- pirbuterol. Timolol Acebutolol
Long acting: Pindolol
Atenolol Butxamine Slow Ca++ channels blockers
1- Salmeterol
2- Formoterol
nadolo Metoprolol Acebutolol
Verapamil - Diltiazem - Nifedipine - Nitrendipine
Non-Catecholamine Esmolol
1- Phenylephrine (α1) General anesthetics
2- Metaproterenol (β2) Halothane - Chloroform
Antagonist of both α & β
3- Ephedrine ( α1 - β1,2(bronchus) - CNS stimulant )
Surface anesthetics
4- Orciprenaline (β2) Labetalol - Carvedilol
5- Amphetamine ( α1 - β - CNS stimulant )
1
Cocaine

Heart Blood Vessels Intestine

Direct myocardial Direct Hypotensive effect on vascular smooth muscles Direct Spasmolytic
Direct Myocardial Stimulants (Direct vasodilators)
depressants
1- Anti-Arrhythmic drugs 1- Cardiac Glycosides . 1- Direct Veno-dilators Nitrites - Nitrates 1- Papaverine
2- Anti-Histaminics(H1) 2- Phosphodistrase inhibitors (Amrinone ) 2- Direct arterio-dilators Hydralazine - Minoxidil
3- Mixed-dilators Sodium Nitroprusside
2- Volatile oils e.g. Peppermint
3- General anesthetics 3- Xanthine ( Aminophylline ).
3- Nitrites & nitrates
4- Emetine Hydrochoride 4- Caffeine. 4- Slow Ca++ channels blockers
4- Aminophylline
Action of drugs on Isolated Toad's Heart Action of drugs on Isolated guinea pig trachea
Inhibitory drugs on the heart Stimulatory drugs on the heart Bronchoconstrictors Bronchodilators
M2 β1 M3
β2
1- 1- 1-
Ganglion stimulant (Nn). H2
2-
3- Direct myocardial depressants
2-
3- Direct myocardial stimulants
2- H1 Dose response curve of Ach
on trachea.

Effect of drugs on arterial blood pressure of anaesthetized cat Action of drugs on Isolated rabbit's intestine

Hypertensive drugs Hypotensive drugs Stimulant Inhibitory

7- Parasympathomimetic with M3 1- Ganglion stimulant 1- Sympathomimetic
1- Ganglion stimulant (Nn) action only.
as NSD & NLD (Nn) as NSD & LSD 1- α only
8- Parasympathomimetic with 2- β only
2- Both α & β agonists both M3 & N actions.
2- M3 3- Both α & β agonists
3- α1 agonist (without effect on β2) as: 9- β2 agonist.
3- H1
Noradrenaline , phenylphrine, methoxamine, amphetamine, ephedrine.
10- Histamine H1 mainly , H2 2- Direct spasmolytics
4- 5-HT 2

4- Angiotensin II 11- Direct vasodilators 5- Angiotensin II See above

5- Vasopressin 6- Vasopressin
NSD stimulation of nicotinic receptors in parasympathetic ganglia inhibition of the heart
NLD initial stimulation followed by blocking of the parasympathetic ganglia (depolarizing blocker ) initial inhibition of the heart then cardiac contraction become normal.
N.B. - NSD is added to test the block of the nicotinic receptors in the ganglia .. if the block is complete, NSD has no effect.
- Ach is added to test the block of the M receptors produced by atropine .. If the block is complete, Ach has not effect.
- Adrenaline is added to test the block of β receptors produced by blockers .. if block is complete, adrenaline has no effect.