International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 36 Number 9 - June 2016

IoT Based RFID Gate Automation System

Sighila. P #1, Vinitha Valsan #2 , Preethibha .C #3
#1
UG Scholar, ECE Department, PCET, Coimbatore, TamilNadu, India
#2
UG Scholar, ECE Department, PCET, Coimbatore, TamilNadu, India
#3
Assistant Professor, ECE Department, PCET, Coimbatore, TamilNadu, India

Abstract-Our project deals with a secure RFID gate The vehicle of every authorised personnel of an
system that uses IoT technology for better protection organization is equipped with RFID tags .When these
.IoT enables the use of internet in connecting different vehicles come near the gate the RFID tag is
devices that are helpful in our day to day life.. By recongnised by the reader and proccessed by a
Implementing this technology in a gateway it enhances Raspberry pi, which sends a signal to the motor and
the system by providing more security . This type of a the gate is automatically opened. An IR sensor is also
gate can be used in large organizations like Industries, used in the circuit to prevent accidents. When an
Military or Defense area ,Apartments, etc. The system unauthorised person wants to enter the place he must
consists of RFID reader and tag, Raspberry pi initimate it to the person he wants to meet inside in
(Processor & server),Motor (230V AC) , DPDT Relay, this way he sends an OTP to the person outside which
IR Sensor and a slide gate. The system also uses he uses as a password to open the gate
Python as it is fast and more efficient.A DPDT Relay The main purpose of this system is to provide a gate
is used so that large gates that need high voltage can that can be controlled by the owner from anywhere
be operated.When an unauthorised vehicle approaches around the world using IOT (Internet of things).The
the gate he/she needs to inform the person they want to raspberry pi is itself a server that is used for this
meet so that the person inside can login to the website purpose. A webpage is created and then the owner can
and click the OPEN button to open the gate.An IR have access to all the in and out vehicles. Similarly , in
sensor is also placed near the gate so that it prevents industries the manager or headperson will be able to
accident due to collision of the gate. know if anyone comes or goes out of the area.

Keywords:- IoT, RFID gate, Webserver, Relay. 2. EXISTING SYSTEM

There are various kinds of existing gates slide
1.INTRODUCTION gates, swing gates, barrier gates etc. These are the
Every large organizations like apartments commonly used types apart from these there are
,industries, miltary area etc are continuosly accessed hydraulic gates etc. They are controlled mostly
by the members of the organisation or other people in manually . Later came the automated systems that use
need of them. These large buildings are also a microcontrollers and RFID and opens when a vehicle
storehouse of various data that are confidential that with a known tag enters.But this system consists of a
can be controlled and given access to only authorised microcontroller a pc with server. Which is indeed a
members of the respective authority ,hence they must costly circuit for a gate.Due to this reason they are not
be well secured. Safety of an organisation mainly
depends on its Gate security system because anyone very affordable and are not used commonly.
who enters the industry or apartment need to pass
through these gates .So they must be monitored. For 3. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
this reason the entry and exit of all the vehicles to the The main aim of this type of a gate system is that it
area are to be watched by the concerned person. uses the RFID system along with IOT which is the
In the present system for example in an apartment a future of electronic communication.Here we also
watch man is kept all day long ,he/she needs to verify replace the microcontrollers earlier used with a
every single vehicle entering the premises. Our project raspberry pi 2 which is a mini processor that is both a
focuses on an unmanned gate security system that uses microcontroller as well as a server. The vehicle that
an RFID .RFID automated gates are not a common needs to be authorised is given a RFID tag with a
thing that we see around especially in apartments etc. unique number. Now when the vehicle reahes near the
Here in this project we bring to you a gate that is fully gate RFID reader reads the code ,and send a signal to
automated and can be controlled and accesses by the raspberry pi which checks for the corresponding
owner from anywhere around the globe. details of the unique number and if it matches with the
saved data in the database then it again sends a

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 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 36 Number 9 - June 2016

message to motor which opens the gate.The 230V AC unauthorised vehicle reaches near the gate it does not
motor is programmed such that it opens the gate for a open.
particular time and then closes, but when the vehicle
pauses in between the gate for more than the reguired 6. DPDT RELAY
time then the IR sensor acts immidiately which detects A relay is a large mechanical switch. A type
a block in its way and keeps the gate open until the of relay that can handle the high power required to
vehicle crosses. The IN and OUT time of every directly control an electric motor or other loads is
vehicle that enters the are is saved in a database and called a contactor. The DPDT relay (Double Pole
also a webserver which helps us to acces those details
wherever we are using IOT.

Double Throw) is quite interesting and can be used in

Fig 1.1 Block diagram.
various scenarious, including for changing the
direction of a motor as you can see in the picture
below.
4. IOT (Internet Of Things)
Fig 1.2 DPDT Relay
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network
of physical objects—devices, vehicles, buildings and
It has 2 terminals and 4 connectors and you
other items—embedded with electronics, software,
sensors, and network connectivity that enables these can look at the DPDT relay as the equivalent of 2
objects to collect and exchange data.When IoT is used Single Pole Double Throw SPDT relay.
in the automation of As you can see in the schematic the 12V
gate it enables a more secure and highly reliable battery (or use other voltages) is connected with the
gateway. plus at terminal T1 and minus at terminal T2. The
IoT is more than just a Machine to Machine contact 1 and 4 are connected together as 2 and 3 are
communication, it helps us in keeping track of all the too.
ENTRY and EXIT details of the area with the help if Without voltage applied to the coil the battery plus is
Internet. connected to contact 1 (and 4) and minus to 3 (and 2)
therefore the motor is turning in one direction (let’s
say clockwise). When voltage is applied to the coil
5. RFID Reader & RFID Tag then the relay switches and now T1 (plus) is connected
An RFID reader, also known as an to contact 2 (and 3) and T2 (minus) is connected to 4
interrogator, is a device that provides the connection (and 1) therefore the motor is changing the direction of
between the tag data and the enterprise system
software that needs the information. The reader rotation.
communicates with tags that are within its field of 7.RASPBERRY PI
operation, performing any number of tasks including The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card
simple continuous inventorying, filtering, writing to sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or
selected tags,etc.An RFID tag is comprised of an TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a
integrated circuit attached to an antenna.The tag has a capable little device that enables people of all ages to
unique serial number ,a tag is placed in the authorised explore computing, and to learn how to program in
vehicle so that only the authorised vehicles are languages like Scratch and Python.
detected by the RFID reader.The tag is a sort of key
for the vehicle to enter an area with ease.When an

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 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 36 Number 9 - June 2016

[5] PrajapatiDipali K, Raj Roshani D, Patel Komal

C.,HilaliMarhaba.A.(2014).Automatic gate opening system
using RFID and password

[6] AungMyintWin , Chaw MyatNwe , KyawZinLatt (2014).

RFID Based Automated Toll Plaza System.

[7] N. Swamy, O. Kuljaca, and F. L. Lewis, "Internet-based

educational control systems lab using NetMeeting" IEEE
Transactions on Education, vol. 45, pp. 145-151, 07 August
2002 2002.
[8] K. K. Tan, T. H. Lee, and C. Y. Soh, "Internet-based
monitoring of distributed control systems - An
undergraduate experiment", IEEE Transactions on
Education, vol. 45, pp. 128-134, May 2002 2002
[9] Vinaysagar K N ,Kusuma S M (2011).Home Automation
Using Internet of Things.
Fig 1.3 Raspberry pi Model
[10] Jain,A.Vaibhav,L.Goyal(2014) Raspberry pi based
One powerful feature of the Raspberry Pi is interactive Home Automation System through email.
the row of GPIO (general purpose input/output) pins
along the edge of the board, next to the yellow video
out socket.There are 40 pins.These pins are a physical
interface between the Pi and the outside world. At the
simplest level, you can think of them as switches that
you can turn on or off (input) or that the Pi can turn on
or off (output). Seventeen of the 26 pins are GPIO
pins; the others are power or ground pins.

8.Advantages of IoT based gate system

1)More reliable.
2)Can be monitored from anywhere around the world.
3)Low cost.
4)Simple Circuit.
9. Conclusion and Future work
Our project mainly reviewed the research
and development work for RFID based gate
automation system with the help of IOT
technology.This kind of a system can provide you
with a reliable gateway with good monitoring.These
types of gates can be mainly used in Industrial
areas,Military areas and apartments as these places
need more security.

REFERENCES
[1] P.Kamalakannan.,M.Balaji.,A.Avinash., S
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[2] IET. 2009. Radio Frequency Identification Device
Technology (RFID), The Institution of Engineering and
Technology, Available at:
http://www.theiet.org/factfiles/it/rfidpage.cfm? Type=pdf,
Accessed on 15/06/12.
[3] Jayavardhana Gubbia, Rajkumar Buyyab, Slaven Marusic a,
Marimuthu Palaniswami Future Generation Computer
Systems 29 (2013) 1645–1660 Internet of Things (IoT): A
vision, architectural elements, and future directions
[4] Michael Dawson (2015) .Python programming for absolute
beginner,3rd Edition.

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