Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology Student: SALIMBAGAT, CHRISTINE.

P Section: 262
COLLEGE OF NURSING

PHARMACOLOGY DRUG STUDY

Brand Name: Cardizem Generic Name: Diltiazem Drug Classification: Calcium channel blockers

Dosage, Route & Frequency Drug-Drug

& Drug-
Side Effects Adverse Reactions
Drug Action Food Indications Contraindications
Recommended Prescribed (By System) (By System)
Interaction
s
Angina Slow channel blocker Drug: BETA Vasospastic Known hypersensitivity CNS: abnormal dreams, anxiety, confusion, dizziness, CNS: Headache, fatig
Adult: PO 30 mg with pharmacologic BLOCKERS,  angina to drug; sick sinus drowsiness, headache, nervousness, psychiatric ue, dizziness,
q.i.d., may increase actions similar to digoxin may (Prinzmetal' syndrome (unless disturbances, weakness. asthenia, drowsiness,
q1–2d as required those of verapamil. have s variant or pacemaker is in place EENT: blurred vision, disturbed equilibrium, nervousness,
(usual range: 180– Inhibits calcium ion additive at rest and functioning); epistaxis, tinnitus. insomnia, confusion,
360 mg/d in divided influx through slow effects on angina), second- or third-degree Resp: cough, dyspnea. tremor, gait
doses) channels into cell of av node chronic AV block; severe CV: ARRHYTHMIAS, HF, peripheral edema, abnormality. 
Hypertension myocardial and conduction stable hypotension (systolic bradycardia, chest pain, hypotension, palpitations, CV: Edema,
Adult: PO 60–120 mg arterial smooth prolongatio (classic <90 mm Hg or diastolic syncope, tachycardia. arrhythmias, angina,
sustained-release muscle (both coronary n; may effort- <60 mm Hg); patients GI:qliver enzymes, anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, second- or third-
b.i.d. (usual range: and peripheral blood increase dig associated) undergoing intracranial dry mouth, dysgeusia, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting. degree AV block,
240–360 mg/d) or vessels). As a result, oxin or quini angina, surgery; bleeding GU: dysuria, nocturia, polyuria, sexual dysfunction, bradycardia, CHF,
120–540 mg of CD or intracellular calcium dine levels;  essential aneurysms. Safe use urinary frequency. flushing,
LA once daily remains at cimetidine  hypertensio during pregnancy Derm: STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, dermatitis, hypotension,
Atrial Fibrillation subthreshold levels may n. IV (category C), lactation, erythema multiforme, flushing, sweating, syncope,
Adult: IV 0.25 mg/kg insufficient to increase form: Atrial or in children is not photosensitivity, pruritus/ urticaria, rash. palpitations. 
IV bolus over 2 min, if stimulate cell diltiazem fibrillation, established. Endo: gynecomastia, hyperglycemia. Hemat: GI: Nausea,
inadequate response, excitation and levels, thus atrial flutter, Cautious Use anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. constipation,
may repeat in 15 min contraction. Slows SA increasing supraventric CHF (especially if patient Metab: weight gain. anorexia, vomiting,
with 0.35 mg/kg, and AV node effects; may ular is also receiving beta MS: joint stiffness, muscle cramps. diarrhea, impaired
followed by a conduction increase cycl tachycardia. blocker), conduction Neuro: paresthesia, tremor. taste, weight
continuous infusion (antiarrhythmic effect) osporine lev abnormalities; renal or Misc: gingival hyperplasia. increase.
of 5–10 mg/h (max: without affecting els. hepatic impairment; Skin: Rash.
15 mg/h for 24 h) normal arterial action older adults.
potential or
intraventricular
conduction.
 Responsibilities in the Nursing Process (ADPIE) Responsibilities in the Nursing Process (ADPIE)
A - ● Monitor intake and output ratios and daily weight. Assess for signs of P - ● To decrease BP ●To decrease frequency and severity of anginal attacks. ●To decrease need for nitrate therapy.
HF (peripheral edema, rales/crackles, dyspnea, weight gain, jugular venous ●To increase activity tolerance and sense of wellbeing. ● To suppress and prevent tachyarrhythmias.
distention). ●Assess for rash periodically during therapy. May cause I - ● Do not confuse Tiazac (diltiazem) with Ziac (bisprolol/hydrochlorothiazide). ● PO: May be administered without
Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Discontinue therapy if severe or if regard to meals. May be administered with meals if GI irritation becomes a problem. ● Do not open, crush, break, or
accompanied with fever, general malaise, fatigue, muscle or joint aches, chew sustainedrelease capsules or tablets. Empty tablets that appear in stool are not significant. Crush and mix
blisters, oral lesions, conjunctivitis, hepatitis and/or eosinophilia. ● diltiazem with food or fluids for patients having difficulty swallowing
Monitor ECG continuously during administration. Report bradycardia or E - ● Decrease in BP. ● Decrease in frequency and severity of anginal attacks. ● Decrease in need for nitrate therapy. ●
prolonged hypotension promptly. Emergency equipment and medication Increase in activity tolerance and sense of wellbeing. ● Suppression and prevention of tachyarrhythmias.
should be available. Monitor BP and pulse before and frequently during
administration.
D - ● Acute pain (Indications) ● Decreased cardiac output (Adverse
Reactions)