Consult 3 Plus Manual
Consult 3 Plus Manual
Art Director
Jef Sturm
jsturm@automotivedatamedia.com 16 | ECU Programming
Nissan North America Reprogramming an outdated ECU is cheaper,
Project Manager quicker and more efficient than replacement.
Don Meier Nissan offers the tools, information and systems
don.meier@nissan-usa.com to achieve re-flashing success in your shop.
Nissan North America
Technical Content Advisors
Edwin J. Hibma
ed.hibma@nissan-usa.com
22 | The OEConnection
Missing out on rapid delivery, correct parts,
James Von Ehr
james.vonehr@nissan-usa.com easy ordering, genuine OE quality and the
best possible profit? You can improve your
Editorial and OE replacement parts business with
Circulation Offices:
OEConnection.
486 Pinecrest Road
Springfield, PA 19064
Phone: 330.620.3929
Website: www.mastertechmag.com 26 | All About
Caution: Vehicle servicing performed by untrained persons
could result in serious injury to those persons or others.
Waterborne Paint
Information contained in this publication is intended for use by Waterborne paint is the new standard.
trained, professional auto repair technicians ONLY. This infor- It’s also safer, cheaper and faster.
mation is provided to inform these technicians of conditions And it’s the law…
which may occur in some vehicles or to provide information
which could assist them in proper servicing of these vehicles.
Properly trained technicians have the equipment, tools, safe-
ty instructions, and know-how to perform repairs correctly Department
and safely. If a condition is described, DO NOT assume that
a topic covered in these pages automatically applies to your | 27 Nissan & Infiniti Dealer Listings
vehicle or that your vehicle has that condition.
Furthermore, the C-III plus is uniquely equipped to NOTE: DO NOT install the “Green” version of the
handle the upcoming Nissan and Infiniti hybrid and software unless you are working in Europe! The
fullelectric vehicles. The C-III plus will be able to quickly
and easily display information about the performance
and health of the high-voltage battery packs in the
Infiniti M35 hybrid, and the LEAF full-electric vehicle.
The C-III plus will also be able to display predictive
battery failure data, as well as the causes for low
battery voltage. Diagnosis of these newer vehicles
will be impossible without the proper scan tool.
Getting started
with the CONSULT-III plus
Once you have ordered the C-III plus, it should The small card on the lower left
arrive within 10 days. The box will contain an installa- is a Secure Digital (SD) card, and
tion DVD, the new C-III plus VI, and device warranty to its right is the smart chip card.
information. The installation DVD box will have a brief Either fits into a PCMCIA card
multi-lingual instruction booklet. First, gather the
Toughbook and the external DVD-ROM reader from
adapter (above) that plugs into
the CONSULT-III case and turn the computer on. Insert the Toughbook.
the DVD into the reader. It may automatically start
provided installation DVD will be distributed globally, so ignition to ON, and dangle the VI outside of the window
don’t accidentally install an incompatible version. of the car. Now double click the C-III plus desktop icon.
The first new feature you will notice is that the C-III plus
If you have yet to upgrade the CONSULT-III with the software load time has dropped to below ten seconds!
security card option necessary for immobilizer key pro- Once fully loaded, the C-III VI is automatically selected
gramming, now is the time. Press the “Security Card and connected via bluetooth with no hassle. The C-III
Adapter Driver” install button, then choose the type of plus will also input the decoded VIN of a 2005 and
hardware card you have been provided. There are two newer Nissan vehicle, cutting yet another step from the
options: the thin, “smart chip” card with adapter, or the diagnostic process. If the software doesn’t automatically
SD miniature memory card with adapter. Press the connect to the VI for whatever reason, press “Sub
“Check Installation Procedures” once you’ve identified Mode” at the bottom left, select “VI/MI Registration,”
the hardware for another step-by-step guide. Proceed press on the connected VI to highlight it, then press
with installation for the adapter, after which the security “Settings.” Be sure it shows “Auto Connect: ON.”
card will automatically be detected. Note: This process
is only necessary if the security card has not yet been This first screen is termed the “Home Screen,” and it
previously utilized; otherwise, skip this step. will serve as the navigational foundation for all C-III plus
features. Let’s walk through the different sections
Plug the laptop into a power outlet, otherwise the
briefly. The horizontal bar at the top-most portion of the
installation cannot proceed. Press the C-III plus button
screen contains reference information. At a glance, you
in the top left, press the “Check Installation
can see the VIN and the model of vehicle currently
Procedures” button for step-by-step directions, and
connected to the VI. It is also very easy to determine
begin installation. This may take a while, so do not
whether your software version number is up-to-date by
disrupt the power supply or shut off the computer.
making note of the six digit number at the top left, then
When the C-III plus software has finished installation,
pointing your browser at www.nissan-techinfo.com.
the screen will be clear and on the desktop you will
Once on the Nissan site, choose “CONSULT Diagnostic
see the new C-III plus red icon.
Software Updates” from the drop-down menu below
Using the 110V power supply from your CONSULT-III the log-in form. On the right of that page, you can view
kit, power up the C-III plus VI. Then, using the USB the most recent software versions. Always keep your
cable from your CONSULT-III kit, connect the C-III plus
to the Toughbook. Despite sharing cables, the new C-III
plus VI will not interface between a vehicle and the
older (blue) version of CONSULT-III. The C-III plus VI
device hardware must be installed with the USB cable
attached to the Toughbook. Once the cable is connect-
ed, an information bubble in the bottom right system
tray of Windows will indicate new hardware has been
found. Allow the hardware wizard to Search for Drivers
automatically (the default-recommended option), and
the computer will identify the C-III plus VI. If the device
does not install properly at this point, contact your tech-
nical support to identify the cause of the problem.
C-III plus software at the newest stable release to majority of your scan tool jobs. Take special note: If the
ensure proper operation of the scan tool. security card is installed in the Toughbook, all buttons
except Immobilizer may be grayed out. This might
Below the reference information top bar on the cause some confusion. If necessary, exit the C-III plus
Home screen are the horizontal navigation buttons application, physically remove the security card from
called the browser bar. The C-III plus software is intu- the lower left access port of the Toughbook, then
itively designed like a familiar web browser including restart C-III plus to reconnect to the vehicle.
icons and text labels. The “Back” button will move to
the previously viewed screen. The “Home” button will What a difference! The most commonly-used icons
return to the Home screen; however, doing so will clear and procedures are available at a touch from the
all information about the current vehicle requiring Diagnosis Menu on the C-III plus’s main active screen.
reconnection. Use the “Home” button to start complete- Primary functions like checking for DTCs can be done
ly over with diagnosis or for a new vehicle. The follow- by pressing “Diagnosis” (All Systems). Another feature
ing two buttons are incredibly useful: “Print Screen” and of the C-III plus is the dramatically reduced time neces-
“Screen Capture.” The “Print Screen” button does what sary for a system call. Once all systems’ statuses have
you’d expect: send whatever information you are cur- been queried, the C-III plus will have a color-coded dis-
rently looking at to an attached or wireless printer. The play of Current, Pending/History, and no DTCs. On the
“Screen Capture” button will take a digital picture of the left side, an ECU will be colored red if there is a current
screen data, and save it to the Toughbook’s hard-drive fault, yellow if there is a history code, or green if there
for future use. Previously recorded information from the is no fault detected. In the center of the active screen,
VDR mode, self-diagnostic results, and other saved a listing of the DTCs will be displayed in color coding,
data can be browsed and recalled by pressing the with a quick-press button to access Freeze Frame Data
“Recorded Data” button. and a “plain English” explanation of the DTC.
The remaining icons on the browser bar comprise the You will also note a series of block buttons above
status window. These pictures indicate vehicle battery the active screen with the visited page history. If you
voltage, the connectivity signal of the VI, and the status
of the MI’s connection and its battery life. You can
quickly determine if the C-III plus has detected either
the VI or the MI. To switch between the interfaces, you
can use the large button in the “Connection Status”
section of the main active screen. The C-III plus can be
quickly minimized or exited by the large buttons at the
very top right.
Some scan tools will not communicate with CAN vehi- Fast!
cles because they were not designed to. The CAN bus
“talks” much faster than the scan tool can “listen”. There The economies of scale achieved by consolidating
are adaptors for some scan tools to slow the data down “departments” and eliminating redundancy are a big
to an understandable speed, but this is not optimal. As part of CAN’s value, but not the only part. Speed is
always, your best choice for talking to a Nissan is the another reason CAN is a necessity. Many features
CONSULT. Not only will you be using a native speaker, could not exist without the high-speed data transfer
fluent in CAN, but you’ll also have access to a plethora CAN provides: improved ABS and SRS, throttle-by-
of data that was not included in the OBD II standard, but wire, and VDC to name a few. Data flows on the CAN
can be immensely useful when performing diagnosis. bus at a rate of 1Mbit/s, or 1,000,000 bits per second.
Depending on the frame format, a 0-8 bit “message”
Sharing information will be between 44 and 73 bits. This allows 13, 698 to
22,727 complete messages per second! To put this
Many control units need access to the same types of into perspective, a hummingbird flaps its wings “only”
information. For instance, the ECM might want to know 35 times per second, but it’s so fast they become
vehicle speed for its fuel calculation, the TCM for its almost invisible to us. If each bit sent across the CAN
gear selection, the BCM for its seat belt warning, the bus made a noise, it would be about 50 times beyond
combination meter for its speed display, EPS to deter- the range of human hearing. How fast is CAN? Way
mine the correct amount of steering assist, the IPDM faster than human perception!
The ‘bus’ consists of a two-wire backbone, twisted When a control unit talks, it will raise CAN H to 3.5V,
together to reduce noise. Control units are teed into and drop CAN L to 1.5V. CAN H and CAN L move in
the bus with splices. All control units connected to the equal and opposite directions simultaneously, which
CAN bus are connected to the bus in parallel. This helps to reduce noise. If you watch the CAN bus with
means that the bus does not “go through” the control a scope, you might be able to see some things that
units; it goes to and from the control units. Two 120 might be useful in diagnosis. Excessive amplitude and
ohm terminating resistors, located inside of control sloppy signal is a sign of a missing terminating resistor.
units, are connected across the bus at the ends of the If CAN H or L were grounded or high, you’d notice that.
backbone. Usually you’ll find one of the resistors in the Taking a peek at the CAN bus with a scope is fun, and
ECM, and the other in the IPDM. If the vehicle does not may rarely lead to an otherwise impossible diagnosis,
have an IPDM, the second resistor is usually in the so by all means, take a few minutes to check it out on
TCM. Check the LAN section of the service manual occasion, but you should know that it will not be your
for specifics for the vehicle you’re repairing. most effective diagnostic tool.
Diagnosis
can talk to a control unit with the scan tool, but other
control units think it’s offline. Information on which
units communicate to the DCL via CAN is found on the
CAN Communication Signal Chart.
Another potential diagnostic challenge is determining
when a problem is transient and when it’s intermittent.
A transient problem occurred, but will probably never
come back. An intermittent problem came and went, but
will probably be back soon enough. Intermittent prob-
lems are often caused by poor connections, moisture,
cracked solders, excessive heat, etc. Wiggle and tap
testing are the best tools for finding intermittent prob-
lems (though sadly not always effective). Before begin-
ning a major disassembly, look for clues of a transient
problem and talk to your customer about options.
A U1000 or U1001 code will occur when communica-
tion is lost for two seconds or more. This could have
been caused by something as simple as a discharged
battery. If freeze-frame data is available, check for low
Using an ohmmeter is an easy way to battery voltage. Recent repair work is another possible
verify that the terminating resistors are cause of communication codes. If a control unit is
OK, and that the bus is OK between the unplugged while alive, it may set some codes. A repro-
DLC and the terminating resistors. gramming that did not complete normally may also
cause communication codes.
If you don’t know how it’s supposed to work, you’ll be
Finally, an increasing number of aftermarket acces-
lost while trying to diagnose it. Using these three diag-
sories are tapping into the CAN bus. If you notice an
nostic tools in order will help you to quickly figure out
aftermarket accessory, try pulling its fuse before
how the system should be working. Once you know
spending too much time on diagnosis.
that, you’re on your way to fixing it quickly.
An ohmmeter is a tool sometimes sneered at by some
top-tier techs, but it is a very fast way to verify that the Repair
terminating resistors are OK, and should come out
before reaching for the scope. The bus has two 120 The CAN bus may be repaired under some circum-
ohm resistors wired in parallel, so the resistance meas- stances. It may be tempting to run a patch between
urement between pins 14 and 6 should be 60 ohms. the two control units affected by the break, rather
There should be no continuity between pin 14 or 6 and than trying to find a break in the harness, but this is a
ground. This is always the case on any CAN-equipped very bad idea for several reasons. One is that any
car. If you measure 60 ohms across the CAN bus, you splices between the two points will be cut out of the
know the bus is good at the point you are measuring. bus, creating another problem to diagnose. Another is
The same test can be repeated at any of the control that a jumper will lose the benefits of the twisted pair.
units if there is a suspected break in the wiring. The patch may “sort of” work, but it may also intro-
duce a lot of noise onto the bus, causing all sorts of
Diagnostic pitfalls intermittent problems and diagnostic headaches.
There are a few things (well, maybe more than a few) For these reasons, the only Nissan-approved meth-
that can occasionally be confusing. One of these is ods are replacing the harness or finding and fixing the
that on some cars there are control units that talk to damaged area. The repair should not exceed 110 mm.
other control units using the CAN bus, but use the K The patch wires should be of similar gauge and
Line to talk to the DCL. This is an important tidbit if you soldered into place then sealed with tape. |
| Nissan
ECU Programming
charger. They are often very "dirty" (AC in the DC) When and how to re-flash
and usually have the potential to charge at too high a
voltage for safe re-flashing. Now you know what hardware you’ll need to begin
re-flashing and how to avoid damaging the ECU, but
The laptop and VI, or scan tool, will also need a there are still some lingering questions such as, “When
steady power supply. Even if the laptop battery is fully should a re-flash be performed?” and “How is it done?”
charged, and in good condition, plugging the laptop
into a wall outlet is a good idea. It just takes a few The decision to re-flash always starts with a
seconds and if the laptop were to power down mid- Technical Service Bulletin. Whenever an ECU update is
flash, it would cause some real problems. created, a TSB is issued to explain the reasons for the
update. Any symptoms or trouble codes will also be
Preventing software interruptions is also important. disclosed. Applicability, warranty information, and any
The laptop computer used for re-flashing should have special instructions can also be found in the TSB.
minimal software installed. There’s no way to predict Always read the TSB in its entirety before beginning
how NERS will be affected by the millions of different work, even if you are familiar with the reprogramming
software packages available. Keeping the system clean process. Application-specific instructions included in
is the best way to avoid conflicts. the TSB may save you from disaster.
The RS-232 setup is simple, but is very slow and Using CONSULT III AND III plus
most PCs don’t have a serial port these days. If a PC
lacks a serial port, you can purchase a USB to serial The CONSULT III and III plus are a lot easier to use for
adaptor, but most of the time you’ll need to do a bit of reprogramming. The software you’ll need is already
setup and configuration to make it work. installed and the process is very straightforward.
Purchase and download the calibration file to the
The FTP transfer is fast, and virtually all PCs have a directory specified in the readme.txt file that comes with
network card installed. However, if you’re a network- the calibration, then install it on the vehicle. The relevant
TSB will contain vehicle-specific instructions, and if you
ing novice, the setup can be a little daunting. Typically,
are not yet familiar with the procedures, there is usually
the easiest way to set up is to add the CONSULT II to
a “click here” link within the TSB that will take you to
an existing network structure. Just assign the CON-
more general reprogramming instructions.
SULT II an IP address that is unique, but still on the
same subnet as other PCs on the network, then con- Depending on the vehicle and the situation, there
nect the CONSULT II via a standard Ethernet cable to may be some post-flashing maintenance that needs to
a switch or router rather than using the crossover be performed. Specific instructions can be found in the
cable supplied with the CONSULT II. This method is TSB, so be sure to read the whole thing and follow all
faster than breaking the existing network configura- instructions.
tion on the PC to use the crossover cable for a PC to
Some ECUs can survive an incomplete flash. So, if
PC (CONSULT II) connection. If this makes no sense
you trip over the VI cable at 25% downloaded, don’t fall
to you, go with the serial connection and save your- on your sword right away. You may be able to save the
self the hassle. ECU before your boss finds out. You can find informa-
tion about how to go about recovering after an incom-
The Reprogram Card Operation Manual can be found plete re-flash in TSBs. Because TSBs can’t be
in the CONSULT II reprogramming software, which is searched with the Find Publications search, you may
available as a free download from the Techinfo site on want to dig around a bit and find these two TSBs:
the “Reprogramming using the CONSULT II” page. The CONSULT III Reprogramming General Procedure and
link to the manual is about seven clicks in the software. the ECM Reprogram Interruption Recovery General
The PDF manual can be saved or printed, and should Procedure. Print or save them before you need them,
be read before attempting to use the software. and one day you may be glad you did. |
|The OEConnection:
The Best Solution to
Buying Collision Parts
OEConnection LLC (OEC) helps Nissan & Infiniti sales — wherein a collision facility chooses to use a
dealers and independent collision shops nationwide competitively-priced Nissan OE replacement part
overcome a constant, shared challenge. The paradox rather than a non-OE alternative. OEConnection has
they face is managing repair costs efficiently while helped Nissan and other automakers take these
doing what is right for their customers. incentive programs one step further, namely, to sell
even more OE parts with fewer returns.
In a perfect world, simply providing the best repair
possible would be the standard. But several factors “Since the beginning, we have followed the same
compound the challenge, including price disparities guiding principles: increase dealer efficiency, improve
between original equipment (OE) and non-OE replace- customer satisfaction and help dealers sell more OE
ment parts; price-conscious car owners; and pressur- parts,” says OEConnection President and CEO
ing ‘suggestions’ from insurers that facilities use less- Charles Rotuno. “As our relationships with dealers,
expensive aftermarket or salvage replacements parts, repairers and OEMs have grown, along with our
rather than Nissan Infiniti OE parts. expertise in the automotive and vehicle manufactur-
ing industries, we have continued to introduce new
Most everyone in the repair equation recognizes that solutions to achieve these goals.”
cheaper isn’t necessarily better. Value and safety also
matter. Non-OE parts have inherent risks, including In December 2009, shortly after launching its
unknown wear (if salvaged or non-certified), poor fit Market Shield incentive program, Nissan selected
and lengthened repair cycle time. OEConnection's CollisionLink Internet-based parts
ordering and fulfillment system for Nissan & Infiniti
Despite what insurers may suggest, vehicle dealerships and their independent collision shop
owners and repair technicians both prefer OE parts. customers nationwide.
For example, consider the findings of a 2009
BodyShop Business magazine Industry Profile survey, The agreement included CollisionLink's Parts
in which respondents reported that: Marketing Administration (PMA) program marketing
• 79 percent felt pressure by the insurer to technology, which automates and manages automak-
use non-OE parts. er parts programs. PMA is the engine that drives
automakers parts marketing programs based on pre-
• 91 percent said that OE collision parts provided
defined rules. PMA allows dealers and their collision
an acceptable fit.
repairers to access automaker incentives and parts
• 54 percent of certified aftermarket collision parts promotions from within CollisionLink so that dealers
and 35 percent of non-certified aftermarket parts can obtain OE parts at competitive prices compared
provide an acceptable fit. to non-OE parts. Essentially, PMA automated Market
Shield to make it easier for both dealers and after-
The bottom line? The choice of replacement parts
market independent shops to participate.
not only affects fit, it also impacts cycle-time, can lead
to lengthy calls to insurers to approve a different alter-
CollisionLink was first introduced to the market in
native and increase inconvenience for vehicle owners.
2001, and has now been adopted by more than 75
percent of large wholesale dealerships in the U.S., as
well as thousands of their collision shop customers
Nissan incentives + OEConnection nationwide. Besides helping dealers increase OE
= a level, competitive playing field parts sales to shops repairing their brands, collision
shops can better solve the best repair/cost efficiency
No longer does an independent collision shop need paradox, insurers can approve OE quality replace-
to choose, based solely on cost, between an OE part ment parts and consumers can realize more value. In
and an aftermarket part. Automaker incentive pro- addition, by using the OEConnection program to
grams, such as Nissan’s Market Shield, which was purchase OE parts from dealers, collision shops have
launched in 2009, are designed to gain conversion also been able to:
“For instance,” Athas notes, “I don’t have to urgently The OEConnection LLC
take down a 30-line order while all the phones are supports 12 technology solutions
ringing, a retail customer is standing in front of me and
a technician is yelling something at me from another used by customers throughout
corner. It’s nice to avoid those situations where you’re North America. Some of these are:
just going to mess up.”
• D2D Express —
The parts department staff at Jerry Rome Nissan Fills OEM-needed backordered parts
also reaches out proactively to acquire business from
online, with same- or next-day delivery,
independent collision facilities, whether it’s more sales
to a particular shop or gaining business from new based on an automaker's solution rules.
shop customers. For instance, they regularly call long-
time customers and visit other shops to hand out pro- • RepairLink —
gram literature and discuss the value of Nissan OE Independent shops today only buy 23
parts and the discounts available, when compared to percent of their mechanical replacement
non-OE parts. parts from OE dealers, preferring the
In addition, when collision shop customers send in ease, convenience and speed of
orders, with some line items being blacked-out aftermar- aftermarket supplier online ordering.
ket parts, staff makes an added effort to provide price RepairLink levels the playing field,
comparisons on comparable Nissan OE parts available giving independent shops a standard-
through the program. “One shop faxed me an order, ized, complete OEM parts catalog with
which had a fair amount of aftermarket parts on it,” Athas
shares. “Once I told him what other OE parts I could
your parts pricing and availability.
offer – which would save them $500 off the regular OE
price – the shop was elated. They signed up with • ServiceAdvantage —
CollisionLink and resent me their revised, larger order.” On average, dealerships provide
maintenance services to just 30
Athas credits the Nissan program with waking up
some of the local collision centers. “Once these shops
percent of the vehicles they sell.
started using it, and realized how valuable the dis- ServiceAdvantage helps dealers capture
counts are and how easy it is to use, they have bought more sales by enabling counter staff to
into it. My hope is that as time goes on, we will get 100 begin every customer visit with a cus-
percent of their orders whether there are conversion tomized maintenance menu of services
opportunities or not.” specific to the vehicle's mileage and VIN,
In just the first three months after beginning the pro- make, model and year.
gram, Athas says the dealer’s parts department signed
up more than 15 independent collision shops and gen- • CollisionLink —
erated more than $30,000 monthly in new conversion CollisionLink is a Web-based OE parts
OE parts sales. “Since then, we’ve gained another ordering system for transactions
dozen collision centers, including the largest two in
between dealerships and independent
their market area.”
body shops, specifically designed to
With its primary goal of “putting the right part in the convert non-OE part sales to OE part
right place at the right time for the right customer,” sales and provide collision shops with
OEConnection is transforming the way dealers and col- the right parts the first time.
lision companies view and manage their current supply
chain for Nissan OE replacement parts. By working
directly with automakers, the program has helped level For more information of the
the replacement parts landscape for everyone’s benefit. services and products available,
Sometimes, everybody wins. | visit www.OEConnection.com.
| All About
Waterborne Paint
The transition to waterborne began with automakers < Spray Booths – Open-air spraying will no longer
in the early 1990s. First invented in 1992, it was the be allowed in any capacity within a collision repair shop.
introduction by automakers of new metallic and effects Spray coatings containing a targeted hazardous air
finishes that spurred waterborne paint systems past pollutant (HAP) must conduct spray operations in a
traditional solvent-borne systems. Today more than 75 booth outfitted with an exhaust filter with a VOC
percent of all new original equipment manufacturer capture efficiency of 98 percent or greater. Work
(OEM) vehicles are painted with waterborne paints, with your spray booth manufacturer or filter supplier
generally using a two-step process. The car is first to select the right filter for your shop’s filtration needs.
painted with the basecoat color and then covered by
a clear coat. < Coating Application Equipment – Spray guns
used to apply coatings must employ high-volume,
It’s the law low-pressure (HVLP) or an equivalent EPA-approved
technology.
Waterborne paints meet the requirements of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National < Spray Gun Cleaning Requirement – Spray
Emissions Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants rule gun cleaning operations must prevent atomized mist
(EPA Rule 40 CFR Part 6H). The rule was published in or avoid spraying cleaning solvent and paint residue
January 2009 and requires that collision facilities be in outside a container used to collect waste solvent.
compliance by March 11, 2011.
< Recordkeeping – Existing facilities must be
The rule lowers the volatile organic compound (VOC) in compliance by Monday, Jan. 10, 2011, with
limits allowed in coatings and mandates the use of notification of full compliance filed with EPA by
waterborne refinish coatings. It also requires collision March 11, 2011. New facilities built thereafter are
facilities to implement equipment and management required to comply before opening for business.
practices in compliance with the new standards, prac- All facilities must notify the agency each calendar
tices that both reduce toxic material consumption and year of any reportable changes that occurred. In
produce a savings to the facility. addition, facilities must keep copies on file of all
required documents, such as EPA notifications,
Collision repair facilities that use paint stripper employee training certifications, equipment
containing methylene chloride or engage in spray documentation and corrective compliance
application of coatings to metal or plastic substrates actions taken.
The introduction by automakers of new metallic and effects finishes spurred the
adoption of waterborne paint systems by collision repair facilities. Nissan Infiniti
models for instance, feature “self-healing” Scratch Shield clear coat waterborne paint.
(Courtesy of Nissan North America)
For more detailed federal information, a complete It should be noted, however, that waterborne paints
copy of the EPA rule is available at www.haps6h.com. do not eliminate the need for safety equipment; rather,
The EPA also provides more guidance to collision they lower the exposure risk to those in collision opera-
repair facilities at www.epa.gov/collisionrepair. Facilities tions who handle paint. Standard safety equipment is
should also check with their state and regional authori- still required, but the harsh odors associated with using
ties in regards to other regulations or requirements that solvent-based paint throughout your facility can be
the newer EPA rule does not supercede. Facilities in eliminated. In addition, waterborne paints can also
California, for example, should ensure they also comply reduce the amount of hazardous waste generated by a
with the requirements of the California Air Resources collision facility.
Board (CARB) and the South Coast Air Quality
Management District (SCAQMD). Another advantage that is helping to make water-
borne the system of choice is their ease of use and
Benefits worth switching for ability to match a car's finish, whether the original paint
was solvent-borne or not. In addition, because the toner
Waterborne paints are latex paints that provide colli- pigments in acrylic waterborne latex resins are engi-
sion facilities with a better alternative to traditional sol- neered with anti-settle technology, facilities no longer
vent-based paints. Made of synthetic resins and pig- need a mechanical mixing machine. Current water-
ments that are kept dispersed in water by surfactants, borne paint technology and systems from leading sup-
waterborne paint contains less coalescing solvents pliers allow refinish technicians to simply shake, pour,
than solvent-borne paints. Consequently, waterborne spray and expect the same performance, accuracy and
paint has significantly lower volatile organic compound durability of solvent-based systems.
(VOC) emissions compared to solvent-borne paint.
Waterborne paints also dry and cure faster than
VOC emissions can be harmful to people because solvent-borne paints, allowing vehicles to be ready for
they contain chronically hazardous pollutants. In addi- customers one to two days sooner. As with any type
tion, the emissions build smog. With lower VOC emis- of paint, temperature, humidity and airflow all play a
sions, waterborne paints improve air quality within body role in the curing speed. Fortunately, modern spray
shop facilities and provide a safer way to paint and booths and accessory equipment can optimize
refinish automobiles. these influences.
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