7 Es INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN IN SCIENCE
Topic / Title ATOMS AND MOLECULES
Grade Level Grade 8
Time Allotment 5 h.
Teacher MACQUEEN S. LASERAS
Learning Competency
Explain physical changes in terms of the arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules.
Key Understanding to be Developed
Condensation
Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1. Investigate some properties of water.
2. Describe on the molecular level how cooling water vapor causes condensation.
3. Explain on the molecular level why a low enough temperature can cause the water vapor in air
to condense to liquid water and freeze to form ice.
4. Relate changes of state to the water cycle.
ELICIT (Access prior knowledge). Materials and Assessment
Tool
Recall that all matter is made up of atoms and molecules. Molecules in
all matter are in constant motion no matter what state. Water commonly Motion Pictures
exists in three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
• Solids: Have a definite shape and volume. Molecules are close
together and vibrate.
• Liquids: Take the shape of the container and have a definite
volume. Molecules are farther apart and slide past each other.
• Gases: Spread out to fill and take the volume of the container.
Molecules are far apart and move very quickly.
Changes in states of matter happen when there are changes in how
the molecules are moving. As matter heats up, the molecules move
faster and farther apart resulting in state, or phase, changes.
ENGAGE (Get the students’ minds focused on the topic (short; question or picture).
1. The students will play 4 pics 1 word. Pictures of clouds, dew, and
fog are given for them to get the word CONDENSATION. Let students
identify what is in the picture. Ask them what they are made of and 4 pictures related to
how they are formed. condensation
2. Show students a clear glass filled with cold water with ice. Ask
them why water appears on the outside of the glass.
3. Discuss with students their experiences with moisture on the
outside of a cold cup or other container.
EXPLORE (Provide students with a common experience).
Experiment demonstration Demonstration Materials
1. Pre-lab Discussion: Introduce the process condensation. Remind
students that water vapor is one of the gases that makes up air 2 clear plastic cups, tap
(show chemical composition of air). water, iced cubes, heater
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN 1
2. The teacher will show a video demonstrating an experiment about
condensation. This should make the students realize that the
more air that can hit the cold cup, the more water will form on it
by condensation.
3. The students will have to answer questions after viewing the
experiment.
Guide questions: Answer sheets
a. What do you think is on the inside of the top cup?
Students should agree that the inside of the top cup is coated
with tiny drops of liquid water.
b. How do you think the drops of water on the inside of the top
cup got there?
Students should realize that some of the water in the cup
evaporated, filling the inside of the top cup with invisible water
vapor. Some of this water vapor condensed into tiny drops of
liquid water when it condensed on the inside of the top cup.
Key Concepts:
⚫ Condensation is the process in which molecules of a gas slow
down, come together, and form a liquid.
⚫ When gas molecules transfer their energy to something
cooler, they slow down and their attractions cause them to
bond to become a liquid.
⚫ Increasing the amount of water vapor in the air increases the
rate of condensation.
EXPLAIN (Teach the concept. Should include interaction between teacher and students).
Show an animation to help student understand at a molecular level
what happens when gases condense to liquid state.
Explain that the fast-moving molecules of water vapor transfer their
energy to the side of the cup, which is cooler. This causes the water
vapor molecules to slow down. When they slow down enough, their
attractions overcome their speed and they stay together as liquid water
on the inside surface of the cup.
Use True or False technique to emphasize important concepts.
1. When water vapor molecules come in contact with cooler
molecules, they tend to gain energy and become liquid.
(Answer: F)
2. Condensation occurs when the molecules of a gas slow
down, come together and form a liquid.
(Answer: T) According to Amonton’s law or Gay-Lussac’s Law, if
the temperature is increased, the average speed and kinetic
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN 2
energy of the gas molecules increase. Now when the
temperature decreases, this makes the gas molecules loss their
energy causing them to bond and become liquid.
3. Evaporation and condensation are the same processes.
(Answer: F) Evaporation and condensation are opposite with
each other. The former converts the liquid into gas while the
latter transforms gas into tiny water droplets.
4. Condensation plays an important role in water cycle.
(Answer: T) Since condensation is the process by which water
vapor in the air is changed into liquid water, it is crucial to the
water cycle because it is responsible for the formation of clouds.
These clouds may produce precipitation, which is the primary
route for water to return to the Earth's surface within the water
cycle.
5. Individual molecules of water vapor condense even
without sufficiently large particles to which they can attach.
(Answer: F) In order to provide a site for condensation, the air
must be saturated with water vapor and it must have larger
particles in it. These larger particles can be minerals or
sufficiently large droplets. Once a water vapor molecule comes
into contact with a larger molecule serving as a nucleation site,
it can release heat and condense into liquid water.
ELABORATE (Students apply the information learned in the Explain).
Explain to students that evaporation and condensation occur naturally
in the water cycle. Video Illustration
EVALUATE (How will you know the students have learned the concept)?
The teacher will give multiple choice questions.
1. Condensation refers to a change from the
a) Solid to a liquid phase
b) Vapor to a liquid phase Answer sheets
c) Liquid to a solid phase
d) Liquid to a vapor phase
Answer: B
2. Which is an example of condensation?
a) Snow fall during December
b) On a hot day, water on the sidewalk quickly disappears
c) Heavy rainfall
d) A layer of water appears on the outside of a cup of ice water soon
after it was poured
Answer: D
3. When water evaporates, it changes into a ___________.
a) Solid
b) Mixtures
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN 3
c) Gas
d) Solution
4. Natural phenomenon like fog, mist, or frost are caused due to:
a) Evaporation
b) Nucleation
c) Freezing
d) Condensation
5. Condensation occurs when _____________ water vapor comes into
contact with a cooler surface, loses heat and condenses into water
droplets.
a) warmer
b) colder
c) increasing
d) decreasing
EXTEND (Deepen conceptual understanding through use in new context).
The teacher will further show a video depicting the applications of Video
condensation.
Explain examples of condensation on the molecular level.
Answer sheets
Fogging up a cold window
When you breathe out, there is water vapor in your breath. When you
breathe on a cold window in the winter, the window gets tiny droplets
of moisture on it or “fogs up.” What happens to the molecules of water
vapor as they get near the cold window?
The water molecules in your breath are the gas water vapor. They slow
down as they transfer some of their energy to the cold window. The
attractions between the slower-moving water vapor molecules bring
them together to form tiny droplets of liquid water.
Warm breath in cold air
When you breathe out in the winter, you see “smoke,” which is really a
fog of tiny droplets of liquid water. What happens to the molecules of
water vapor from your breath when they hit the cold air?
The water vapor in your breath is warmer than the outside air. The
water vapor molecules transfer energy to the colder air. This makes the
water vapor molecules move more slowly. Their attractions overcome
their motion and they join together or condense to form liquid water.
Evaporation and condensation in the water cycle
One common place you see the results of evaporation and
condensation is in the weather. Water vapor in the air (humidity),
clouds, and rain are all the result of evaporation and condensation.
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN 4
What happens to the water molecules during the evaporation and
condensation stages of the water cycle?
Energy from the sun causes water to evaporate from the land and from
bodies of water. As this water vapor moves high into the air, the
surrounding air cools it, causing it to condense and form clouds. The
tiny droplets of water in clouds collect on bits of dust in the air. When
these drops of water become heavy enough, they fall to the ground as
rain (or hail or snow). The rain flows over the land towards bodies of
water, where it can evaporate again and continue the cycle.
References
DepEd Grade 8 Science Learner’s Material
Chemistry the Physical Setting. Myers. et.al.
Changing State-Condensation. http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/lessonplans/chapter2/lesson3.
Water Cycle animation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Az2xdNu0ZRk.
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN 5
