ABDULLAH KHAN Practical Field Training(PFT)

MNS UET MULTAN

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

SUBJECT

P.F.T
SUBMETED TO: Engr. Usman Sab
SUBMETED BY: Abdullah Khan
REG NO= 2016-BT-CIVIL-709

REPORT: (Barrage on Indus River)

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Canal System of Pakistan

Canal is an artificial waterway constructed for purposes of irrigation, drainage, or navigation, or in

connection with a hydroelectric dam.

Canal is the thing which brings river water close to the field where it is required to be.The canals
come out of rivers, dams, and barrages. The irrigation system of Pakistan is one of the best one in
the world due to the largest irrigation system in the world. In Pakistan, almost 75% of the land which
is in agricultural use is covered by the irrigation system. Currently there are 3 large dams and 85
small dams, along with these dams there are 19 barrages to fulfill the water need. From these dams
and barrages 12 inter link canals, 45 canals have been taken to provide water to the fields. To utilize
ground water 0.7 million tube wells have been installed. In Pakistan canals are the most popular
means of irrigation as they supply plenty of water at very cheap rates.

Types of canals:

There are three main important types of canals in Pakistan:

1.Perennial Canals

2.Non-Perennial Canals

3.Inundation Canals

Perennial Canals: :

These canals supply water throughout the year. Perennial canals are the canals that are used to
supply water to the field and these are taken either from dams or barrages. Important Perennial
Canals of Punjab are Upper Bari Doab, Lower Bari Doab, Sidhnai Canals, Upper and Lower Chenab,
Upper Jhelum canals originating from Trimmu Headworks and Canals originating from river Sutlej at
Ferozpur, Islam, Suleimanki and Panjnad Headworks.

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1. Key points of Indus River

Location

Country China, India, Pakistan

State Ladakh, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Sindh, Gilgit-Baltistan, Tibet

Cities Leh, Skardu, Dasu, Besham, Thakot, Swabi, Dera Ismail Khan, Sukkur,

Hyderabad Physical characteristics

Source Sênggê Zangbo

• location Tibetan Plateau

2nd source Gar Tsangpo

Source confluence

• location Shiquanhe, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet and India

• coordinates 32°29′54″N 79°41′28″E

• elevation 4,255 m (13,960 ft)

Mouth Arabian Sea (primary), Rann of Kutch (secondary)

• location Indus River Delta (primary), Kori Creek (secondary), Pakistan, India

• coordinates 23°59′40″N 67°25′51″ECoordinates: 23°59′40″N 67°25′51″E

• elevation 0 m (0 ft)
Basin size: 1,165,000 km2 (450,000 sq mi)
Discharge

• location Arabian Sea

• average 6,600 m3/s (230,000 cu ft/s)

• minimum 1,200 m3/s (42,000 cu ft/s)

• maximum 58,000 m3/s (2,000,000 cu ft/s)

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Basin features
Tributaries

• left Zanskar River, Suru River, Soan River, Jhelum River, Chenab River, Ravi River,
Beas River, Sutlej River, Panjnad River, Ghaggar-Hakra River, Luni River

• right Shyok River, Hunza River, Gilgit River, Swat River, Kunar River, Kabul River,
Kurram River, Gomal River, Zhob River

In Pakistan currently there are six barrages on the Indus: Guddu barrage, Sukkur
Barrage, Kotri barrage (also called Ghulam Muhammad barrage), Taunsa Barrage,
Chashma Barrage and Jinnah Barrage. Another new barrage called "Sindh barrage" is
planned as terminal barrage on Indus River

2. Key point of Guddu Barrage

Waterway Indus River

Country Pakistan

State Sindh

Maintained by Sindh Irrigation & Power Department

Operation Hydraulic

First built 1962

Length 1,355 meters

Coordinates 28°25′07″N 69°42′48″E

Discharge capacity Up to 1.2 million cusec

Guddu Barrage
Guddu Barrage is a barrage on the Indus River near Kashmore in the Sindh province of
Pakistan. President Iskander Mirza laid the foundation-stone of Guddu Barrage on 2
February 1957. The barrage was completed in 1962 at a cost of 474.8 million rupees
and inaugurated by Field Marshal Ayub Khan in 1962.

Guddu Barrage is used to control water flow in the River Indus for irrigation and flood
control purposes.

It has a discharge capacity of 1.2 million cubic feet per second (34,000 m³/s). It is a
gate-controlled weir type barrage with a navigation lock. The barrage has 64 bays,

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each 60 feet (18 m) wide. The maximum flood level height of Guddu Barrage is 26 feet
(8 m). It controls irrigation supplies to 2.9 million acres (12,000 km²) of agricultural
land in the Kashmore, Jacobabad, Larkana and Sukkur districts of Sindh province and
the Naseerabad district of Balochistan province. It feeds Ghotki Feeder, Begari Feeder,
Desert and Pat Feeder canals.

Fig: Gudda Barrage

3. Key point of Sukkur Barrage

Waterway Indus River

Country Pakistan Pakistan

Province Sindh

Maintained by Sindh Irrigation & Power Department

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Operation Hydraulic

First built 1932

Latest built Rehabilitated in November 2004

Length Approximately 2 km (1 mi)

Coordinates 27°40′50″N 68°50′43″E

Discharge capacity 1.15 million cusec(cubic feet per second)

Sukkur Barrage
Sukkur Barrage is a barrage on the River Indus near the city of Sukkur in the Sindh
province of Pakistan. The barrage was built during the British Raj from 1923 to 1932
and was named Lloyd Barrage. The Sukkur Barrage, is the pride of Pakistan's irrigation
system as it is the largest single irrigation network of its kind in the world. It irrigates
from Sukkur district in the north, to Mirpurkhas/ Tharparkar and Hyderabad districts in
the south of Sindh, almost all parts of the province. It is situated about 500 kilometres
(300 miles) northeast of Karachi, 5 kilometres (3 miles) below the railway bridge, or
the Sukkur Gorge. The introduction of barrage-controlled irrigation system resulted in
more timely water supplies for the existing cultivated areas of Sindh province of
Pakistan

Fig: Sukkur Barrage

Functioning:
Sukkur Barrage is used to control water flow in the River Indus for the purposes of
irrigation and flood control. This barrage which is the backbone of the economy of the
entire country enables water to flow through what was originally a network of seven
canals 9,923 kilometres (6,166 mi) long, feeding the largest irrigation system in the
world, with more than 7.63 million acres of irrigated land which forms about 25% of

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total canal irrigated area of the country. The retaining wall of the barrage has 66 spans
(outfall gates), each 18 metres (60 ft) wide and weighing 50 tons.

The Nara Canal which is one of the seven canals off taking from this barrage is the

longest canal of this country, carrying discharge almost equal to that of Thames River
at London and its bed width which is 105 metres (346 ft) and 1 1⁄2 times as big as the
Suez Canal. In fact Nara Canal is not a man-made canal as it was the southernmost part
of Hakro River which emanated from the foothills of Sutlej which after traversing
through the Punjab and Bhawalpur plains joined Nara through Raini River, the
remnants of which are still exiting in Ghotki Taluka. This canal caters for an area of
930,000 hectares (2,300,000 acres).

Fig: Sukkur Barrage

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4. Key point of Kotri Barrage

Waterway Indus

Country
Pakistan
State Sindh
Maintained by Sindh Irrigation & Power Department

Operation Hydraulic

First built it was first built in 1932 & then open in 1955.

Length 1,600 m (5,200 ft)

Coordinates 25°26′32″N 68°19′0″E

Kotri Barrage
Kotri Barrage is a barrage on the Indus River between Jamshoro and Hyderabad in the
Sindh province of Pakistan. The barrage was completed in 1955. Kotri Barrage is used
to control water flow in the Indus for irrigation and flood control purposes.

It has a discharge capacity of 24,800 cubic metres per second (875,000 cu ft/s). It is a
gatecontrolled weir type barrage with a navigation lock. The barrage has 44 bays, each
18 metres (60 ft) wide. The maximum flood level height of Kotri Barrage is 13.1 metres
(43.1 ft). It feeds Fulleli, Pinyari, and Kalri Baghar Canals.

Fig: Kotri Barrage

5. Key point of Taunsa Barrage

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Waterway Indus River

Country Pakistan

State Punjab

Maintained by Project Management Office (PMO) for Punjab Barrages, Rehabilitation

& Modernization Projects

Operation it's construction began in 1952 & Then it was completed in 1958

First built 1958

Length 4,346 feet (1,325 m)

Coordinates 30°30′46″N 70°50′57″E

Discharge capacity Up to 1 million cusec

Ramsar Wetland

Designated 22 March 1996

Taunsa Barrage

Taunsa Barrage is a barrage on the River Indus in Taunsa Tehsil of Dera Ghazi Khan
District, Punjab province of Pakistan.[1] It is situated 20 kilometres (12 miles) southeast
of Taunsa Sharif and 16 kilometres (9.9 miles) from Kot Addu. This barrage controls
water flow in the River Indus for irrigation and flood control purposes. Taunsa Barrage
was designated a Ramsar site on 22 March 1996.

This barrage serves 2.351 million acres (951,400 hectares) of land besides diverting
flows from Indus River to the Chenab River through Taunsa-Panjnad Link Canal (TP
Link Canal). The barrage also serves as an arterial road bridge, a railway bridge, and
crossing for gas and oil pipelines, telephone line and extra high voltage (EHV)
transmission lines.

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Fig: Taunsa Barrage
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6. Key point of Chashma Barrage

Location Chashma, Mianwali District

Coordinates 32°26′02″N 71°22′44″E

Purpose Irrigation, power

Status Operational

Construction began 1967

Opening date 1971

Construction cost Rs 399 million

Owner WAPDA

Dam and spillways

Impounds Indus River
Height 11.28 m (37 ft)

Length 1,084 m (3,556 ft)

Spillway capacity 870,000 m3/s (31,000,000 cu ft/s)

Power Station

Hydraulic head 4.8 m (16 ft)

Turbines 8 x 23 MW Kaplan-type turbines

Installed capacity 184 MW

Annual generation 675 GWh

Ramsar Wetland

Designated 22 March 1996

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Chashma Barrage

Chashma Barrage is a barrage on the River Indus in Mianwali District of the Punjab
province of Pakistan 304 km NW of Lahore and 56 km downstream of Jinnah Barrage.
The contract for Chashma Barrage works was awarded on 10 February 1967 to French
Consortium Société Dumez and Société Borie and was successfully completed by 25
March 1971. The total cost of Chashma Barrage works was Rs.399 million but power
generation started later in 2001. The installed capacity of power Station is 184 MW,
from eight Kaplan-type bulb turbine units, each with a 23 MW capacity. The bulb
turbines have been installed for the first time in Pakistan. The first unit was
commissioned in January 2001, while final commissioning of all units was completed in
July 2001.The 8 Kaplan-type turbines and synchronous generator units were made by
Fuji, Japan.

Chashma Barrage is used for irrigation, flood control and power generation. A Ramsar
site is located nearby.

Salient features

Length between abutments: 3556 ft.

Total Bays: 52

Standard Bays: 41

Undersluce Bays: 11

Normal Pond Level: 642 ft

Maximum Storage Level: 649 ft.

Maximum Flood Discharge: 950000 Cusecs

Maximum Intensity of Discharge: 300Cs. Per ft.

Width of Carriage Way: 24 ft.

Length of Navigation Lock: 155 ft.

Contract Price: Rs 399 Million

Date Commencement: 10 February 1967

Date of Completion: 25 March 1971

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Contractor: Societe Dumes Enterprises Borie of

France

Consulting Engineer: COODE & Partner London

7. Key point of Jinnah Barrage

Location Kalabagh, Mianwali District

Coordinates 32°55′06.71″N 71°31′18.92″E

Purpose Irrigation, power

Status Operational

Construction began 1939

Fig: Chasma Barrage
Opening date 1946

Dam and spillways

Impounds Indus River

Height 8.5 m (28 ft)

Length 1,152 m (3,780 ft)

Spillway capacity 950,000 cu ft/s (27,000 m3/s)

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Power Station

Hydraulic head 4.8 m (16 ft) (rated)

Turbines 8 x 12 MW Pit turbines

Installed capacity 96 MW

Annual generation 688 GWh

Jinnah Barrage

The Jinnah Barrage is a barrage on the River Indus near Kalabagh, Pakistan. It is part of
the Thal
Project which helps irrigate 770,000 ha (1,900,000 acres) in the Sindh Sagar Doab east
of the Indus. Planning for the project dates back to the nineteenth century but final
plans for the barrage were made in 1919 and it was constructed between 1939 and
1946. The barrage diverts an average of 283 m3/s (10,000 cu ft/s) of water into the
51.5 km (32.0 mi) long Thal Canal where it serves areas in Bhakkar, Khushab, Layyah,
Mianwali and Muzaffargarh Districts with 3,362 km (2,089 mi) of additional canal
branches and distributors.[1][2] It has a maximum flood height of 8.5 m
(28 ft) and it spans 1,152 m (3,780 ft) over the river. The barrage can discharge up to
27,000 m3/s (950,000 cu ft/s) downstream with 42 spillway gates which are each 18.2
m (60 ft) wide.[3] Between 2006 and 2012, a 96 MW hydroelectric power station with
four 12 MW pit turbinegenerators was added on the right bank.[4] In June 2012 a
major rehabilitation project for the barrage began. The project includes the
construction of a weir 244 m (801 ft) downstream to help dissipate energy from the
spillway upstream of it. New guide banks will be built and existing ones repaired. The
railway bridge upstream will be rehabilitated as well. The project is expected to be
complete in June 2016.

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Fig: Jinnah Barrage

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Sindh Barrage Project

Location:
The Project area lies on River Indus between Kotri Barrage & Indus River outfall into
the Arabian Sea. The barrage site is proposed to be located about 45 km upstream
Indus River outfall into the sea, 10 km east of Baghan village, 65 km south of Thatta
City & 120 km east of Karachi City, Sindh.

Salient Features

Height Of Barrage 39.37 ft

Gross Storage 2.00 MAF

Live Storage 1.80 MAF

Execution by WAPDA

Donor Agency Govt. of Pakistan

Commencement Date January 2020

Completion Date March 2021

Financial Status (Rs. Million) Local Foreign Total

Approved PC-I Cost 350.000

PSDP Allocation 2019-2020

In a meeting on Pakistan's Water Issues chaired by PM on 15.05.2019 at Prime

Minister Office, MoWR & WAPDA was directed to carry out Feasibility Study of Weir
d/s Kotri.

In-principle approval for the Project concept was accorded by Prime Minister during
the meeting on 05.08.2019.

A briefing on the Project was held on 23.08.2019 under the chairmanship of Chief
Minister Sindh at CM Secretariat, wherein it was unanimously agreed to undertake the
Feasibility Study & implementation of the Project by WAPDA.

Mr. Muhammad Amin

General Manager (Hydro) Planning

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[Barrages in Indus river basin, Pakistan]

COUNTRY NAME RIVER BASIN YEAR PURPOSE

Pakistan Sulemanki & Islam Sutlej - Irrigation

Pakistan Balloki & Sidhnai Ravi 1965 Irrigation

Pakistan Marala Chenab 1968 Irrigation

Pakistan Khanki Chenab - Irrigation

Pakistan Qadirabad Chenab 1967 Irrigation

Pakistan Kalabagh Indus - Irrigation

Pakistan Chashma Indus 1971 Irrigation

Pakistan Taunsa Indus 1958 Irrigation

Pakistan Guddu Indus 1962 Irrigation

Pakistan Sukkur Indus - Irrigation

Pakistan Kotri Indus 1955 Irrigation

Pakistan Mailsi (Siphon) Under Sutlej 1965 Irrigation

References:

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 skyscrapercity.com/threads/dams-barrages-in-pakistan.747686/

 https://reliefweb.int/map/pakistan/pakistan-major-dams-and-barrages-11-aug-2010

 https://www.britannica.com/place/Gudu-Barrage

 https://defence.pk/pdf/threads/rivers-barrages-of-pakistan.69510/

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Canals_in_Pakistan

 https://irrigation.punjab.gov.pk/

 https://www.britannica.com/place/Indus-River/Irrigation

Thank you Dear Sir 

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