Wireless Communication

Author: Harsh Sukhramani

Vivekananda Education Society`s Polytechnic

ABSTRACT : word used to describe communications in

which electromagnetic waves or RF (rather
Communication is a process that involves
than some form of wire) carry a signal over
exchange of information, thoughts, ideas
part or the entire communication path.
and emotions. There are two ways of
Wireless phones have rapidly become an
transmission of information one is wired
integral part of society. This is due in large
media and other wireless media. Wireless
part to the increasing number of services and
communication can be used to transfer
functions available from the wireless phone
information over short distances or over
industry. Cellular telephony has been
long distances. It permits services such as
designed to permit a wireless device to send
long range communication which cannot be
date and or voice messages over a wireless
supported by use of wires. The term is
communications network providing the
commonly used in the telecommunications
device is able to transmit its device
industry to refer to telecommunications
identification codes appropriate to the
systems (e.g. radio transmitters and
network on which it is attempting to
receivers, remote controls, computer
transmit. Cellular telephones have become
networks, network terminals, etc.) which use
an increasingly popular means of
some form of energy (e.g. radio
communication for today's mobile society.
frequency (RF), infrared light, laser light,
As mobile communications enters the age of
visible light, acoustic energy, etc.) to
3G, high-speed and wide-bandwidth
transfer information without the use of
wireless communications become a must of
wires.
the cellular phone.
1. INTRODUCTION :
1.1 Radio :
There is a community for wireless The term "wireless" came into public use to
communication for all over the world known refer to a radio receiver or transceiver (a
as Wireless Communications Association dual purpose receiver and transmitter
International. The term "wireless" has device), establishing its usage in the field of
become a generic and all-encompassing wireless telegraphy early on; now the term is

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 Wireless Communication

used to describe modern wireless travel from location to location. Another

connections such as in cellular networks and common use is for mobile networks that
wireless broadband Internet. It is also used connect via satellite. A wireless transmission
in a general sense to refer to any type of method is a logical choice to network a LAN
operation that is implemented without the segment that must frequently change
use of wires, such as "wireless remote locations. The following situations justify
control" or "wireless energy transfer", the use of wireless technology:
regardless of the specific technology
 To span a distance beyond the
(e.g. radio, infrared, ultrasonic) used.
capabilities of typical cabling,
 To provide a backup
communications link in case of normal
network failure,
 To link portable or temporary
workstations,
 To overcome situations where
normal cabling is difficult or financially
impractical, or
 To remotely connect mobile users or
networks.

1.3 Modes :

Wireless communication can be via:

 radio frequency communication,
 microwave communication, for

1.2 Wireless networks : example long-range line-of-sight via

highly directional antennas, or short-
Wireless networking ( i.e. the various types
range communication, or
of unlicensed 2.4 GHz WiFi devices ) is
 infrared (IR) short-range
used to meet many needs. Perhaps the most
communication, for example
common use is to connect laptop users who

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 Wireless Communication

from remote controls or via Infrared are used to transmit messages between

Data Association (IrDA). ground-based stations and satellite
communications systems. (Williams &
1.4 Types of Wireless communication :
Sawyer, 2007).

Infrared Wireless Transmission-

2. Applications :
Security systems
"Tranmission of data signals using infrared-
light waves". These infrared-light waves are Wireless technology may supplement or
at a frequency too low for human eyes to replace hard wired implementations in
receive and interpret. Infrared ports can be security systems for homes or office
found in digital cameras, laptops, and buildings.
printers as well as wireless mice. Cellular telephone (phones and modems)

Communications Satellites- Cellular telephone, sometimes called mobile

telephone, is a type of short-
They are microwave relay stations in orbit wave analog or digital telecommunication in
around the earth.A communications satellite which a subscriber has awireless connection
(sometimes abbreviated to comsat) is an from a mobile telephone to a relatively
artificial satellite stationed in space for the nearby transmitter. Perhaps the best known
purposes of telecommunications. example of wireless technology is
the cellular telephone and modems. These
Broadcast Radio-
instruments use radio waves to enable the

A wireless transmission medium that sends operator to make phone calls from many

data over long distances (regions, states, locations worldwide. They can be used

countries) at up to 2 megabits per second anywhere that there is a cellular telephone

(AM/FM Radio) site to house the equipment that is required

to transmit and receive the signal that is used
Microwave Radio- to transfer both voice and data to and from
these instruments.
Transmission of voice and data through the
atmosphere as super high-frequency radio
waves called microwaves. These frequencies

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 Wireless Communication

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi is a wireless local area network that

enables portable computing devices to
connect easily to the Internet. Standardized
as IEEE 802.11 a,b,g,n, Wi-Fi approaches
Wireless energy transfer
speeds of some types of wired Ethernet. Wi-
Fi hot spots have been popular over the past Wireless energy transfer or wireless
few years. Some businesses charge power is the transmission of electrical
customers a monthly fee for service, while energy from a power source to an electrical
others have begun offering it for free in an load without interconnecting wires. Wireless
effort to increase the sales of their goods. transmission is useful in cases where
Wi-Fi' is not a technical term. Wi-Fi is used interconnecting wires are inconvenient,
by over 700 million people, there are over hazardous, or impossible. The problem of
750,000 hotspots (places with Wi-Fi Internet wireless power transmission differs from
connectivity) around the world, and about that of wireless telecommunications, such
800 million new Wi-Fi devices every year. as radio. In the latter the proportion
of energyreceived becomes critical only if it
is too low for the signal to be distinguished
from the background noise.[1] With wireless
power, efficiency is the more significant

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parameter.  A large part of the energy sent Computer interface devices

out by the generating plant must arrive at the Answering the call of customers frustrated
receiver or receivers to make the system with cord clutter, many manufactures of
economical. computer peripherals turned to wireless
The most common form of wireless power technology to satisfy their consumer base.
transmission is carried out using direct Originally these units used bulky, highly
induction followed by resonant magnetic limited transceivers to mediate between a
induction. Other methods under computer and a keyboard and mouse,
consideration include electromagnetic however more recent generations have used
radiation in the form small, high quality devices, some even
of microwaves or lasers. incorporating Bluetooth. These systems
have become so ubiquitous that some users
have begun complaining about a lack of
wired peripherals. Wireless devices tend to
have a slightly slower response time than
their wired counterparts, however the gap is
decreasing. Initial concerns about the
security of wireless keyboards have also
been addressed with the maturation of the
technology.

3. CONCLUSION :

Thus, we studied wireless communication,

what is wireless communication and what
are the application of wireless
communication. The main advantage of
wireless communication is that we don’t
need a physical connection of two devices at
long range to connect together for
communication.

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4. REFRENCES :
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless
#Introduction
 http://www.electronics-
manufacturers.com/products/wireless
-communication/
 http://www.technosamrat.com/tech-
news/wireless-internet-penetrating-
market-at-a-rapid-speed/
 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/The_Co
mputer_Revolution/Networks/Four_
Types_of_Wireless_Communication
s
 http://www.ehow.com/facts_488590
8_what-advantages-wireless-
communication.html
 http://www.networktutorials.info/wir
eless_networking.html