IS 1977 : 1996

( Reaffirmed 2001 )

Indian Standard
LOW TENSILE STRUCTURAL STEELS -
SPECIFICATION

( Third Revision)

FirstReprint OCTOBER 1997

ICS 77.140.50

0 BIS 1996

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

October 1996 Price Group 3

Wrought Steel Products Sectional Committee, MTD 4

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard ( Third Revision ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft
finalized by the Wrought Steel Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Metallurgical
Engineering Division Council.

This standard was first published in 1962 and susequently revised in 1969 and 1975. While reviewing the
standard, the Committee observed that at present there is no Indian Standard for steel structural products
with tensile strength less than 410 MPa whereas various other overseas specifications have provisions for
tensile strength even below 300 MPa. The Committee, therefore, decided to revise the standard in order
to cover the existing gap.

In this revision, the following changes have been made:

a) The title of the standard has been changed to ‘Low tensile structural steel - Specification
b) The scope of the standard has been modified by covering the product in the tensile range of 290 to
470 MPa.

c) The number of grades have been increased to three.

d) The chemical composition and mechanical properties of grades have been modified
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final
value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance
with IS 2 : 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised )‘. The number of significant places
retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in the standard.
 IS 1977 : 1996

Indian Standard
LOW TENSILE STRUCTURAL STEELS -
SPECIFICATION
( Third Revision)

1 SCOPE parts of IS 1956 shall apply.

1.1 This standard covers the requirements of low 3.1 Microalloying Elements
carbon steel plates, sections, flats, bars, etc, for
general structural purposes in the tensile range of Elements, such as niobium, vanadium and titanium,
290 to 470 MPa. added singly or in combination to obtain higher strength
levels combined with better formability, weldability
1.1.1 The steels are equally suitable for bolted and and toughness as compared with non-alloyed steel
riveted structures and for general engineering produced to equivalent strength levels.
purposes.
3.2 Weldability
1.2 When welding is employed for fabrication and A metallic substance is considered to be weldable by a
guranteed weldability is required, welding procedure given process and for the given purpose, when metallic
should be as specified in IS 9595 : 1996 ‘ Metal-arc continuity to a stated degree can be obtained by
welding of carbon and carbon manganese steels - welding, using a suitable procedure. so that the joints
Recommendations ( first revision )‘. comply with the requirements specified in regard to
both their local properties and their influence on the
2 REFERENCES construction of which they form a part.

The following Indian Standards are necessary 4 SUPPLY OF MATERIAL

adjuncts to this standard: 4.1 General requirements relating to supply of
IS No. Title
structural steel shall conform to IS 8910 : 1978.

228 Methods of chemical anaysis of 4.2 The steel plates can be supplied either with mill
steel edges or sheared edges in as rolled condition.
1599 : 1985 Method for bend test (second 5 GRADES
revision )
1608 : 1995 Mechanical testing of metals- There shall be three grades of steel as given in Table 1
Tensile testing ( second and Table 3.
revision)
6 MANUFACTURE
1852 : 1985 Rolling and cutting tolerances for
hot rolled steel products (fourth 6.1 The processes used in making the steel and in
revision ) manufacturing hot rolled steel plates, sections, flats,
1956 Glossary of terms relating to iron bars, etc, are left to the discretion of the manufacturer.
and steel
3083 Steel - Conversion of elongation 6.2 Steel shall be semi-killed or killed. Rimming steel
(Part 1) : 1989 values: Part 1 carbon and low alloy may be supplied by mutual agreement between the
steels ( second revision ) manufacturer and the purchaser.
8910 : 1978 General technical delivery require- 7 FREEDOM FROM DEFFCTS
ments for steel and steel products
7.1 All finished steel shall be well and cleanly rolled
3 TERMINOLOGY to the dimensions, section and masses specified. The
finished material shall be reasonably free from surface
For the purpose of this standard, the following flaws; laminations; rough/jagged and imperfect edges;
definitions in addition to those given in the relevant and all other harmful defects.
IS 1977 : 1996

7.2 Minor surface defects may be removed by the Table 1 Chemical Composition
manufacturer by rinding provided the thickness is not ( C:lauses 5 and 8.1 )
reduced locally by more than 4 percent below the
Grade Ladle Analysis, Percent, Max
mmimum specified thickness. Reduction in thickness
Designation
by grinding greater than 4 percent, but not exceeding 7 C Mn S P
percent, may be made subject to mutual agreement
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
Fe 290 0.25 1.25 0.055 0.055

7.2.1 Subject to agreement with the purchaser, surface Fe 330 0.25 1.25 0.055 0.055
defects which cannot be dealt with as in 7.2 may be Fe 370 0.25 1.25 0.055 0.055
repaired by chipping or grinding followed by w lding
NOTES
and inspection by a mutually agreed procedure such
that: 1 When the steel ts alummium killed, the total alumimum
content shall not be less than 0.02 percent. When the steel is
a) after complete removal of the defects and silicon killed, silicon content shall not be less than 0.10 percent.
before welding, the thickness of the item is in no When the steel is silicon-alummium killed, the silicon shall
place reduced by more than 20 percent; not be less than 0.03 percent and total alumnnum content
shall not be less than 0.01 percent.
b) welding is carried out by approved procedure
2 Micro alloying may be allowed subject to mutual agreement
by competent operators with approved between the purchaser and the supplier. Micro alloying
electrodes and that the welding is ground elements like Nb, V or Ti, when used individually or m
smooth to the correct nominal thickness; and combinatton, the total content shall not exceed 0.20 percent

c) subsequent to the finish grinding, the item 3 Copper may be present between 0.20 to 0.35 percent as
may be required to be normalized or otherwise mutually agreed to between the purchaser and the
manufacturer. The copper bearing quality shall be designate?
heat-treated at the purchaser’s direction.
with a suffix Cu, for example Fe 330 Cu.
7.3 The material may be subjected to non-destructive 4 Nitrogen content of steel shall not exceed 0.012 percen
testing to determine soundness of material subject to which shall be ensured by the manufacturer by occasiona
mutual agreement between the purchaser and the check analysis.
manufacturer.
8 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Table 2 Permissible Variation for product
8.1 Ladle Analysis Analysis
( Clause 8.2 )
The ladle analysis of the steel, when carried out by the
method specified in the relevant parts of IS 228 or any Constituent Variation Over the Specified Lit,
other established instrumental/chemical method, shall Percent, MUX
be as given in Table 1. In case of dispute the procedure (1) (2)
given in IS 228 and its relevant parts shall be the Carbon 0.02
referee method. However, where the method is not Manganese 0.05
given in IS 228 its relevant parts, the referee method Sulphur 0.005
shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and the Phosphorus 0.005
manufacturer. Copper 0.03
NOTE ~ Product analysis shall not apply to rimmmg
8.2 Product Analysis
quality steel.
The product analysis shall be carried out on the finished
product from the standard position. Permissible limits possible information regarding properties in the cross-
of variation in case of product analysis from the limits sectional and longitudinal planes. The recommended
specified in Table 1 shall be as given in Table 2. location for taking test samples for plates, sections
and bars are indicated in Fig. 1, Alternatively, in case
9 SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF TEST of sections, the samples may be taken from the web.
SAMPLES
9.2 Wherever practical, the rolled surface of the steel
9.1 The position from which test samples are taken shall be retained on the two opposite sides of the test
shall be so located in the product as to yield the clearest samples.

3
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IS 1977 : 1996

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SAMPLES
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POSITION
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OFSAMPLES

4
 IS 1977 : 1996

10.3.2 Should a tensile test piece break outside the 12 DIMENSIONS

middle half of the gauge length ( see IS 1608 : 1995 )
and the percentage elogation obtained is less than Unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and
that specified, the test may be discarded at the the manufacturer, the nominal dimensions of rolled
manufacturer’s option and another test made from the products conforming to this specification shall be in
sample plate. section flat or bar. accordance with the relevant Indian Standard. Currently
available Indian Standards are listed in Table 4.

11 BEND TEST Table 4 Indian Standard Which Give Nominal

Dimensions of Rolled Steel Products
11.1 Number of Bend Tests
Product Relevant Indian Standards
Bend test shall be made from finished steel from each
cast. The number of tests for every 20 tonnes of Beam column, channel IS 808 : 1989 Dimensions for rolled
material or part thereof, rolled continuously, shall be and angle sections steel beam, column, channel and angle
as given below. One additional test shall be made for sections ( third revision )
each class of product and for each variation of
thickness. Tee bars IS 1173 1978 Hot rolled slit steel tee
bars ( second reviszon )
Class qf Steel Product No. of Bend Tests
Bulb angles IS 1252 : 1961 Dimenszon of hot rolled
steel bulb angles (first revision )
Sections One lengthwise for each type
Plates One lengthwise and /or one Plates, sheets and strips IS 1730 : 1989 Dimensions for steel
crosswise plates, sheets, strips and flats for
general engineenng purposes (second
Flats and bars (round, One lengthwise revision )
hexagonal, etc)
Round and square bars IS 1732 : 1989 Dimensions for round
11.2 Bend Test Piece and square steel bars for structural and
general engmeermg purposes ( f;rsz
The test pieces shall be cut lengthwise or crosswise revision )
from plates, and lengthwise from sections. flats and
bars. When sections permit, these shall be not less than Bulb flats IS 1863 1979 Hot roiled steel bulb
40 mm wide. If the manufacturer so desires the round, flats (firs! revision )
square, hexagonai and flat bars and structural sections
shall be bent in the full section as rolled. Sheets, pihng sectIon IS 2314 1986 Steel sheet pllhng
sectmns ( jrst revzszon )
11.2.1 In all bend test pieces, the rough edge arises
resulting from shearmg may be removed by filling or Chanrxl sectmn IS 3954 1991 Hot rolled steel channel
sections for general engmeenng
grinding or machimng but the test pieces shall receive
purposes (Jirsl revzszon j
no other preparation.

11.2.2 The test pieces shall not be annealed or ‘Track shoe sectzons IS IO1 82 (Part I ) 1982 Dzmenslons
and tolerances for hot rolled track shoe
otherwise subjected to heat treatment unless the
sectzons : Part 1 Sectzon TS-Ll
material from which these are taken is similarly treated.
In such cases, the test pieces shall be similarly treated IS 10182 (Part 2) 1985 Dzmenslons
in the same furnace with the material before testing. and tolerances for hot rolled track
shoe sections: Part 2 Section
11.3 Bend Test TS-HI

Bend test shall be conducted in accordance with

IS 1599 : 1985. 13 TOLERANCES

11.3.1 For bend test, the test piece at room Unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and
temperature shall withstand bending through 180” to the manufacturer, the rolling and cutting tolerances for
an internal diameter not greater than that given in steel products conforming to this standard shall be
Table 3 without cracking. those specified in IS 1852 : 1985.

5
IS 1977 : 1996

14 RETEST marked with the manufacturer’s name or trade-mark.

Should any one of test pieces selected fail to pass any Bars and flats shall carry a tag bearing the
of the test specified in this standard, two further manufacturer’s name or trade-mark. Designation of
samples shall be selected for testing in respect of each steel should also be similarly marked on the product
failure. Should the test pieces from both these or tag.
additional samples pass, the material represented by
17.2 Every heavy and medium structural mill product
the test samples shall be deemed to comply with the
and each plate of thickness 10 mm and over shall be
requirements of the particular test. Should the test
marked with the cast number. In case of plates below
pieces from either of these additional samples fail,
10 mm thickness, the top plate of each pile ( which
the material represented by the test samples shall be
considered as not having complied with this standard. may consist of approximately 16 plates ) shall be
marked with cast number and the remaining plates have
15 CALCULATION OF MASS suitable identification marking.

The mass of steel shall be calculated on the basis that 17.3 BIS Certification Marking
steel weighs 7.85 g/cm’.
The material may also be marked with the Standard
16 DELIVERY Mark.

Subject to prior agreement between the purchaser and 17.3.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by
the manufacturer, suitable protective treatment may be the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards
given to the material after rolling. Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made
thereunder. The details of conditions under which
17 MARKING
the licence for the use of Standard Mark may be granted
17.1 Each product, with the exception of round, square to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from
and hexagonal bars and flats, shall carry a tag or be the Bureau of Indian Standards.

6
Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau ofIndian Standards-Act, 1986 to promote harmonious
development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to
connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without
the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the
standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to
copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue
of ‘BIS Handbook’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been develoned from Dot : No. MTD 4 ( 4051 ).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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Printed at New India Pnnting Press, Khuqs, India

 AMENDMENT NO. 1 JUNE 2001
TO
IS 1977:1996 LOW TENSILE STRUCTURAL
STEELS — SPECIFICATION
( Third Revision )

— Substitute the following for the existing clause

(Page 3, clause 10.1.1)
‘10.1.1 Plates, Sectiom (Angles, Tees, Beams, Channels, &c) and Flats
Number of samples to be tested from a cast/heat and a class of steel produet
(namely, plates, sections and flats) shall be as follows:
a) For cast/heat size up to 100 tonnes — 2 samples
b) For cast size betsveen 100-200 tonnes — 3 samples
c) For cast size over 200 tonnes — 4 samples.’

(MTD4)

Rcprugraphy UniL BIS, New Delhi, India

.

AMENDMENT NO.
2 NOVEMBER 2002
TO
IS 1977:1996 LOW TENSILE STRUCTURAL
STEELS — SPECIFICATION
( Third Revision)

( Foreword) — Insert the following before last para:

‘For all the tests specified in this standard (chemical/physical/others), the method
as specified in relevant 1S0 standard may also be followed as an alternate
method.’

(MTD4)
Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India

w..
. .....

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