GROUP l

ASSIGNMENT TOPIC:
WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES
MA’AM MAHWASH
GROUP MEMBERS:
NABEELA ALI, C.NO # 01
SOMIA, C.NO # 13
ROHIMA AIMAN, C.NO # 19
SADAF IQBAL, C.NO # 25
GULRUKH, C.NO#31

BS ZOOLOGY
6TH SEMESTER
Wildlife Sanctuary
What is a Wildlife Sanctuary?
A wildlife sanctuary is an area where animal habitats and their surroundings are protected from any sort of disturbance. The capturing,
killing and poaching of animals is strictly prohibited in these regions.
They aim at providing a comfortable living to the animals. India has beautiful wildlife sanctuaries, with dense forests, large rivers,
high and beautiful mountains. Few of these in India are mentioned here.

Importance of Wildlife Sanctuaries

There are a number of reasons for establishing wildlife sanctuaries. Some of the reasons are listed below:
• The wildlife sanctuaries are established to protect the endangered species.
• It is quite difficult to always relocate the animals from their natural habitat, therefore, protecting them in their natural environment is
advantageous.
• The endangered species are specially monitored in the wildlife sanctuaries. If they reproduce and grow in number while under
protection, few specimens can be kept for breeding in the conservation parks for their survival.
• Biologist activities and researches are permitted in the wildlife sanctuaries so that they can learn about the animals living there.
• A few sanctuaries take in injured and abandoned animals and rehabilitate them to health before releasing them in the forest.
• Wildlife sanctuaries preserve the endangered species and protect them from humans and predators.

Protection of Endangered Species

Many species of plants and animals are on the verge of extinction. Such creatures are conserved in the wildlife sanctuaries. Various
sanctuaries have been established such as the Fleurieu peninsula sanctuary is maintained to protect sheoak habitat for glossy black
cockatoos.

Conservation of Biodiversity
The landowners of a wildlife sanctuary are involved in:
• Production and distribution of electricity.
• Horticulture, grazing and farming enterprises
• Wine production
• Organic horticulture

• Ecotourism
• Many sanctuaries are involved in ecotourism. They offer accommodation, tour guides, nature walks, etc.
Education and Public use
The sanctuaries that are created on public land are involved in public use along with the conservation of biodiversity. For eg, golf courses,
picnic areas, lakes for boating and swimming.
Thus we know that a wildlife sanctuary is one of the finest ways of preserving the endangered species.
The main objective of establishing a wildlife sanctuary is to educate humans as to how to treat the animals. The animals are taken care of
and allowed to live peacefully in their natural habitats.
LARGEST WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Extending across nearly half of all of Greenland, Northeast Greenland National Park is the largest of its kind in
the world. Established in 1974, Greenland's only national park is said to be 77 times larger than Yellowstone
National Park and protects 375,000 square miles of a designated international biosphere reserve.
WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES IN PAKISTAN
There are about 225 acknowledged Protected and secured places in Pakistan, out of which, 99 have been identified
as wildlife Sanctuaries. 96 of them are game reserves and 14 are national parks.
• Astor Wildlife Sanctuary
• Baltistan Wildlife Sanctuary
• Chasma and Taunsa Barrage Dolphin Reserve
• Cholistan Wildlife Sanctuary
• Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary
• Kargah Wildlife Sanctuary
• Mahal Kohistan Wildlife Sanctuary
• Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary
• Nara Desert Wildlife Sanctuary
• Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary
• Sukkur and Guddu Barrage Dolphin Reserve
• ASTOR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location Astore District

Nearest town Bungi
Designated 22 November 1975
Named for Astore Valley
Area 414.72 km2 (160.12 sq mi)

Astore Wildlife Sanctuary is as wildlife refuge located in Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan. It is within the Astor
The sanctuary is home to a small population of the near threatened (since 2015) Astor Markhor, the national animal of Pakistan, it further
provides home to endangered snow leopard, Himalayan brown bear and Eurasian lynx
Geographical Location: Lies in the catchment area of Astore Nala, between Nanga Parbat (8,126m) to the west and the Plains of Deosai to the
east, and about 11 km from the town of Bunji
History: (Time frame and Record of Organization) Astore sanctuary was announced a creatures haven on 22 Nov 1975. The sanctuary is
continuous to Baltistan Wildlife Sanctuary (414.57 sq. km) to the north-west.
Wildlife: This sanctuary is home to a small population of our national heritage, the Astore Markhor. In addition<snow leopard,lynx,brown bear,
golden eagles,1000 species of vascular plants,400-600 species of medicinal plants
Other Reserves: Physical Functions Consists of durable and precipitous geography, mostly consisting of meta-sedimentary stones, schistose
gneiss and quartzite intruded by some primary dykes. The place contains a series of sedimentary and meta-sedimentary and several kinds of
igneous stones. Late cretaceous sediments overlay the natural diamond complicated, while quaternary remains, pond deposits, river pebbles and
alluvium protect the bed mountain in valleys.

BALTISTAN WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

 Location Skardu, Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan

Area 415 km2 (160 sq mi)

Established 1975

Governing body Wildlife and Parks Department, Gilgit–

Baltistan
In 1975, Baltistan Wildlife Sanctuary became one of the few protected mountainous zones in Pakistan that are home to
several endangered species. Covering over an area of 415 square kilometres, this wildlife park is situated in the northern
division of Baltistan. Snow Leopard, Brown Bear, Lynx, Tibetan wolf, Tibetan fox, Markhor, Blue sheep, and Asiatic ibex are
some animals that roam free in the park.

CHASMA AND TAUNSA BARRAGE DOLPHIN RESERVE

Chashma and Taunsa Barrage Dolphin Reserve is home to unique waterfowl species. Indus River, the barrage is home to
some of the rarest species of Dolphins. Locally known as Chasma Dolphin Reserve, the park falls under the jurisdiction of
the Punjab government, and it was opened to the public in 1972. This particular reserve is exceptionally significant for
breeding, staging, and wintering areas for waterfowl, which includes some of the most threatened species, including
Marmaronetta angustirostris – also known as the marbled duck.

CHOLISTAN WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Marked as nature reserve near the south-eastern division of Punjab, Cholistan Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the most
important wildlife parks in Pakistan that boasts a good mix of rare species nestled in one place. This park is situated in th e
deserted area of Cholistan and is home to a variety of animals such as Desert wolf, Indian fox, Red fox, Jackal, Small
Indian civet, Indian mongoose, and Indian desert cat. While several species of wild cats, falcons, Chinkara gazelle,
Blackbuck, Nilgai antelope, Houbara bustard, and Black-backed vulture also make it to the list of endangered animals
calling Cholistan nature reserve their home. And if herpetology intrigues you, you’d be glad to know that the reserve is also
home to quite a few reptiles, including Indian cobra, monitor lizard, and Saw scaled and Russell’s vipers.

HUB DAM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary is coupled with Kirthar National

Park
Situated near one of the most important wildlife parks in Pakistan [Kirthar National Park] and Pakistan’s third biggest dam,
Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary is among the few marine wildlife sanctuaries in the country. The 32-kilometre area situated
next to the dam is explicitly reserved for marine wildlife. People living in Karachi or visiting the city should make it a po int to
visit the wildlife reserve at least once.

Moreover, Kirthar National Park is situated right next to this marine wildlife sanctuary in Sindh. The surroundings of these
two areas are home to Urial, Sindh wild goat, Chinkara gazelle, wolf, jackal, fox, pangolin, several species of waterfowl, an d
numerous other birds and reptiles.

KARGAH WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Nestled in Kargah Valley and just 5 km north-west of Gilgit, Kargal Wildlife Sanctuary is another vital nature reserve in
Pakistan. The wildlife in the park comprises a small population of Astor Markhor.

MAHAL KOHISTAN WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Mahal Kohistan Wildlife Sanctuary is home to monitor lizards
Located in proximity to the Kirthar National Park in Sindh, Mahal Kohistan is home to several foxes, jackals, jungle cast,
chinkara gazelles, urials, and reptiles, including monitor lizards and Indian cobras.

NALTAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

The Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Naltar Valley near Nomal, in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.

Location
Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Naltar Valley close to Hunza Valley, a mountainous valley in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan, about
45 km (28 mi) from the city of Gilgit.

The sanctuary
Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary was created on 22 November 1975. It occupies an area of 27,206 hectares (67,230 acres) and adjoins two other
protected areas, Sher Quillah Game Reserve and Pakora Game Reserve.

Flora
The sanctuary is forested, there being a luxurious growth of mixed montane broadleaf and coniferous forest at lower altitudes, and montane
coniferous forest higher up.[3] Coniferous species present include Picea and Juniperus. Deciduous trees present
include Fraxinus, Olea, Pistacia, Sageretia, Betula, Salix, Populous and Krascheninnikovia ceratoides. Herbs present
include Artemisia, Haloxylon and Stipa.[2]

Fauna
A small number of Astor markhor (Capra falconeri falconeri), an endangered species of wild goat, lives in the reserve.[1] Other large mammals
present include the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex), the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), the brown bear (Ursus arctos), the grey wolf (Lupus lupus),
the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), the beech marten (Martes foina) and the leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis). About 35 species of bird have been
recorded in the sanctuary, including the Brooks's leaf-warbler (Phylloscopus subviridis).
NARA DESERT WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary is coupled with Kirthar National Park

As the name suggests, Nara Desert Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the deserted area of Sindh and provides refuge to the
precious wildlife of the province. According to the latest census, one of the most prominent wildlife of this region is Mugge r
Crocodile, while jackals, foxes, pangolins, honey badgers, and wolves are also regularly spotted here.

RANN OF KUTCH WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Situated in the south-eastern division of Sindh and in proximity to the Indian border, Rann of Kutch is one of the few
deserted nature reserves in Pakistan. The zone is also the only area that boasts onagers in Pakistan, but much of its
wildlife has been lost with time. Currently, the prominent species of animals found in this region are Blue bull, Chinkara, a nd
Desert wolf. Meanwhile, visitors have also spotted Nilgai in the park on rare occasions.

Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary is also known to be frequented by Flamingos, while pelicans, cranes, storks, and
waterfowl use it as a staging ground.

SUKKUR AND GUDDU BARRAGE DOLPHIN RESERVE

Sukkur and Guddu Barrage Wildlife Sanctuary is home to Indus Blind Dolphins
Declared as a protected area for Indus Dolphin, the Sukkur and Guddu Barrage Dolphin Reserve is a protected area for
marine animals of the country. Sitting on a near-perfect location in Sindh, the sanctuary also attracts a great number of
migratory birds.

Currently, the population of Indus Blind Dolphin in the reserve has grown to 400 -500 due to the combined efforts of WWF-
Pakistan and Sindh Wildlife Department.
Difference Between Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park
Wildlife sanctuaries refer to an area which provides protection and favorable living conditions to the
wild animals.

On the other hand, the national park, the national provides protection to the entire set of the ecosystem,
i.e. flora, fauna, landscape, etc. of that region. Lastly, biosphere reserves are the protected areas, which
tend to conserve the genetic diversity of the plants, animals birds, etc.