‘gateAbout the Author Michael A. Putlack MAin History, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA More than two decades of experiance as a writer, editor, and proofreadar t davoloper of TOEFL, TOEIC, and TEPS ‘The author of the Fundamental Reading Plus series and Reading Voyage Starter 2,3 Export —— Essential Guide to Writing — Writing Avenue 5 2 Publisher Chung Kyuso Editore Seo Joong-ah, Jeong Yoonscen, Kim Mina, Kim Mikyaong Designers Pork Navee, Forest Fert published in March 2021 By Darakwon, Inc. Daralwon Bid, 211, Munbal-ro, Paes, Gyeonggide 10881 Copyright® 2021 Darakwon, ie. All sghts reserved. No part ofthis publication mey be reproduced, ‘stored in a rerova system, or ransmited in any form or by any ‘means, electron, mechanical. photocopying or otherwise, without ‘the prior consent ofthe copyright ovtner Refund fr purchase is possibe only aczorcing to the company regulations Contact the fabove telephone number for ery inguries. Consumer dameges ‘caused by lass, damage, etc con be compensated accorcng to the ‘eansumer dspute resolution standards announced bythe Korea Fair Trade Commission. An incorecty coated book wil be exchanged. Price 14.500 ISBN 978:99-277-04515 54740 97880-27-0446-1 84740 (ct) ‘woridarakonon.cokr Photo Create Forene Szelepesany/(p.14, w_p.6), mamaria (p.2), ll Cloppor (p21, KoshioK (p.24, w_p.6), Sky Motion (p.26, tudo (p28), ‘Aloxay Bolin (p.27), SIAATH (p31), Neole Kwiatkowski (p34, Takashi Images (p. 35 bukley ip. Featureflasn Photo Agency {o.48,andmarkmadia (p44, w_p.1), Gabriela Bartoli (p48), ‘Anton_Wano (p48, Life In Pie (p47), Fotoe669(p.72)/ ‘wwe shuterstockcom ‘Components Main Book Workbook 1684321 7122232825My Future To write about my bucket list Narrative Essay My Favorite Website To write about my favorite website Descriptive Essay My Most Memorable Trip To write about my most memorable trip Narrative Essay Famous People To write about a famous person and what makes that person famous Expository Essay To write about an imaginary situation Narrative Essay Taking Online Classes To write about my preference between two choices Persuasive Essay The Environment To write about human activities and how they affect the environment Expository Essay Mobile Phones at Schools ‘To write about whether | agree or disagree with a statement Persuasive Essay+ the relative pronoun what Giving results : : 10 * to-infinitive as a subject complement + present participle (verb-ing) as Giving opinions an adjective 20 + have/has been + verb-ing * the relative adverb where Showing the order of events 30 + had + p.p. + nonrestrictive adjective clauses: Emphasizing ~, which 40 + whenever + subject + verb + If + subject + were/past simple, Listing points subject + would/could/might + verb 50 * the preposition as He : : + while + subject + verb Giving more information : 60 + much/even/far/a lot + comparative + It seems that + subject + verb Concluding 70 + have/has been + p.p. Expressing agreement and + not only A but also 8 a disagreement + the + comparative, the + comparative Vocabulary & Structure Review 91aaa How to Use This Book * Student Book Thinking about the Topic Three warm-up questions help readers think about the writing topic. Expressions BBB WE | eases cantearn she key expressions by matching the phrases with the pictures or by filling in the table. Ea Bi fl Pee) | Reading the Model Essay weyavnmanney 2 Readers can read an example of | the essay topic and use it as a template when they write their essay. Answering Questions Several que: ns about the model essay are provided. By answering them, readers can learn the topic of the essay and what important details are included. Completing the Brainstorming and Outlining By completing the brainstorming and outlining, readers can review the model essay and learn how the essay is structured.Eye Getting Ideas from Collecting Ideas Ideas related to the writing topic are provided. Readers can brainstorm and learn new ideas before writing their drafts. eae aid Practicing Sentences with Key Structures Various types of questions allow readers to practice the key structures of the model essay. They also help readers gather ideas before writing. Correcting a Short Paragraph Readers can check if they understand the key structures they learned by correcting the mistakes in the short paragraph. Readers learn various phrases and expressions that can help them improve their writing skills.eed Readers can practice and review the key Brainstorming Readers can come up with ideas about the essay topic. Outlining By making an outline, readers can organize their ideas and structure their essays to have an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. Then, they can write, revise, edit the first draft, and write the final draft in the workbook. Vocabulary and Structure Review Readers can review the key vocabulary they learned in each unit by writing the meaning of each word and phrase. They can also review the key structures in the unit, a ae as By using the outline, readers can write their structures. They can also write sentences first drafts. After revising and editing their from the model essay by matching the phrases. drafts, readers can write their final drafts.WT Oa Saw a _About_Essay Writing... 1, What Is an Essay? An essay is a short work of writing that is often personal and nonfiction in nature. An essay often describes, argues, explains, or analyzes a particular subject. In an essay, the writer may use facts or personal arguments to make a point. 2. What Does an Essay Consist Of? ‘An essay consists of three main parts: an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. = The introduction is the first paragraph of the essay. It introduces the topic of the essay. It also has a thesis statement, which is the main idea of the essay. ~The body is the main part of the essay. It is made up of one or more paragraphs. Each body paragraph has a topic sentence and supporting details. ~The conclusion is the final paragraph of the essay. It summarizes the main points of the essay and restates the thesis. Ducksters: My Favorite Websito and to earn new things ther like Duckster > T can impr eins What Are the Types of Essays? 1) Expository Essay It gives information about a topic or explains how to do something. 2) Narrative Essay It describes a story that happened to you. It can also describe imaginary events. 3) Persuasive Essay It encourages readers to make a choice by providing evidence and examples. 4) Descriptive Essay It describes a person, place, or thing. It shows what the person, location, or object is like.Writing Goal To write about my bucket list Type of Writing Narrative Essay fp narrative essay describes a story thet happened to you. Il also describe imaginary events. PyBefore You Write cece @ Read and answer the questions. 1 Do you have a bucket list? 2 What are some activities you would like to do in the future? 3 Where do you need to go to do those activities? © Match the pictures with the correct phrases in the box. go scuba diving see the Northern Lights _play the clarinet. starinamovie goonasafari_ climb a mountainAnalyzing the Model Essay © Read the model essay and answer the questions. Ee My Bucket List A bucket list is a list of things a person wants to do before dying, Today at school, my teacher told my class about her bucket list. There were ten items on her list. I thought that was interesting. As a result, I decided to make my own bucket list. First, what I am interested in is scuba diving. I would love to go scuba diving in the Caribbean Sea. It has many beautiful coral reefs, so I could see all kinds of tropical fish. I might even see a shark. Another one of my dreams is to see the Northern Lights in Norway. I became fascinated by them when I saw them on a TV program last year. I think seeing them from the Arctic Circle would be amazing, 1 What Is the essay about? 2 Where are two places the writer would like to visit? 3 What does the writer want to do in each place? 1) 2) 12© Read the model essay ag ity 1 and complete the brainstorming and in the Caribbean Sea * has many © saw them on a TV program * see alll kinds of became even see © seeing them from SFE > amazing Title | a bucket list: a list of things a person Introduction | decided to a would love to _ sit has many beautiful coral reefs | could «might even Body a ——_———— | want to = became fascinated when | last year +» seeing them from the Arctic Circle | othe ‘on my bucket list Conclusion will keep thinking of others Unit 1 13Collecting [dects eee Look at the example. Fill in the blanks the phrases in the box. play in an orchestra see-tropical-fish has lots of national parks meet the president visit a snow-covered mountain perform for millions of people foo * go scuba diving in the © star in a movie Carbhean'sea ~ watched some documentaries ~ has many coral reefs on movies - see tropical fish = © go ona safari in Kenya © play the clarinet = ~ went to a music concert see lions, zebras, and other large - animals 3 . at © climb the world’s highest mountain + has lots of power ~ read a book about a mountain + meet many leaders of other climber countries = 4Sentence Practice eeemesse © Look at the pictures. Write the sentences with the words and phrases in the box. Africa mountain climbing seuba-diving —_leaders © Look at the example and complete the sentences. see all kinds of tropical-fish play the clarinet in it see lions, zebras, and other large animals__visit a snow-covered mountain 1 Ithas many beautiful coral reefs, so T could see all kinds of tropical fish 2. Ithas lots of national parks, 3 The area has beautiful scenery, _ 4 The orchestra has many musicians, Unit1 15@ Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the boxes. see meet the Northern-Lights amovie play starin the president the clarinet isrnftve™ phrase can be a Subjedt complement after "be* 1 Ea Another one of my dreams is tosee the Northern Lights. ? Another one of my dreams is a Another one of my dreams is _ : : Another one of my dreams is _ Ht é © Look at the example and write the sentences. 1 (see them from the Arctic Circle / amazing ) 4 I think seeing ther from the Arctic Circle would be amazing. 2 (play in an orchestra / wonderful ) + 3 (visit a snow-covered mountain / exciting ) 4 4 (perform for millions of people / a dream come true ) > 16 “ae© Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. | decided to make my own bucket list. First, where | am interested in is mountain climbing. Another one of my dreams is play the clarinet. | think playing in an orchestra would being exciting. ¥ After you make a statement, you can give a result of that statement by writing: + As a result, - Therefore, END | thought that was interesting. As a result, / Therefore, | decided to make my | own bucket list. Rewrite the sentences by using the words in parentheses. 1 I thought that was thrilling. | went on the roller coaster again. (as a result) > 2. I thought that was fun. | tried to learn how to water-ski. ( therefore ) + Unit1 17Brainstorming Brainstorm your idea about your bucket list. a Aa Cae 18Outlining Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Wie Introduction om | Boy CB Conclusion Unit1 19Before You Write @ Read and answer the questions. 1 Do you have a favorite website? 2 What kind of website is it? 3 What do you do when you visit that website? © Match the pictures with the correct phrases in the box. read articles read book reviews watch and share videos shop online post photos search for information Unit 2 21Analyzing the Model Essay ® 22 Read the model essay and answer the questions. Ducksters: My Favorite Website use the Internet all the time, so I visit many websites. The website that I like more than any others is called Ducksters. Ducksters is a website focusing on education. So it has articles on various topics. Some of them are history, science, and geography. I have been visiting Ducksters for many years. I love to read the articles and to learn new things there. Another reason that I like Ducksters is that it has lots of games. Many of them are learning games. So I can improve my math and verbal skills while I also have fun. In my opinion, Ducksters is one of the best websites on the Internet. If you want to learn and have fun, you should check out the website. 1 What is the writer's favorite website? What kind of website it is? 2 What does the writer love to do on the website? 3 How can the website help the writer?© Read the model essay again and complete the brainstorming and outlining. ~— Ducksters: My Favorite Website CED. a website focusing on hes be of has on various topics are learning games and learn * improve new things while having Fun Title 7 visit many websites Introduetion elike more than any others CREM is a website : has > some of them are history, science, and geography love to read the articles and to there Body Sere ee eer eer GEN has many of them are He can while | also have fun Ducksters: one of the ___ on the Internet Conclusion if you want to _ check out the website Unit 2 23Collecting Ideas Look at the example. Fill in the blanks with the phrases in the box. has-tots-of games search for information post and share photos ships to over 100 countries stay updated on the latest books watch, upload, and share videos © focuses on education © focuses on online searches ~ has articles on various topics - has lots of games ~ has an email service © focuses on sharing videos * focuses on sharing photos ~ can learn anything by watching ~ has filters to make photos more videos beautiful * focuses on online shopping ©’ focuses on books - shop online ai “ - can read book reviews 24Sentence Precctice cece @ Look at the example and write the sentences. (Ducksters / education ) > Ducksters is a website focusing on education. 1 (Google / online searches ) 4 2 (Goodreads / books ) + 3 (Instagram / sharing photos ) + 4 (Amazon.com / online shopping ) + © Look at the example and write the sentences. 1 it / Ducksters / for many years + Ihave been visiting Ducksters for many years. 2 |_use / Google / for along time | + 3 [post /on Instagram / for three years + 4 | make / videos for YouTube / since 2019 | 4 Unit2 25@ Look at the example and write the sentences. ithastots- of games. I can read book reviews it ships to over 100 countries I can learn anything by watching videos 1 (Ducksters ) > Another reason that I like Ducksters is that it has lots of games. 2 (YouTube ) + 3 (Amazon.com) + 4 (Goodreads ) © Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. 26 cede hae ton get the latest news on books share your life with other people do online searches and use email 1 | Hyouwant to learn and have fun 7 "you should check out the website. x you should check out the website. 3 ) \ Ps | you should check out the website, you should check out the website.@ Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. YouTube is a website focus on sharing videos. So it has all kinds of videos to watch. | have been posted videos ‘on YouTube since 2019. In my opinion, YouTube is one of the best website on the Internet. ¥ You can express your opinions by using the following words: + In my opinion, + | believe (that) In my opinion, / | believe (that) Ducksters is one of the best websites on the Internet. Write the sentences by using the words in parentheses. 1 (Google / one of the most useful websites on the Internet / in my opinion ) 4 2 (Instagram / one of the greatest websites on the Internet / | believe ) Unit2 27Brainstorming —_—————— Brainstorm your ideas about your favorite website. My Favorite Website Cae Cara 28Outlining Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Introduction body Conclusion Unit 2 29a mse " — Writing Goal To write about my most memoral Type of Writing Narrative EssayBefore You Write comes @ Read and answer the questions. 1 Where was your most memorable trip? 2 What places did you visit on that trip? 3 How did you feel when you visited those places? © Match the pictures with the correct phrases in the box. buy souvenirs goonacruise _see famous paintings take photos —try traditional food ~—ride in. a gondolaAnalyzing the Model Essay © Read the model essay and answer the questions. ie { My Trip to Italy . Last summer, I traveled to Italy with my family. It was my first trip to Italy, so 1 was very excited = Italy is a country where lots of history took place. First, we flew to Rome. It was the capital of the ancient Roman Empire. In Rome, we visited E the Pantheon and the Catacombs. We also went to the Vatican. There, we saw St. Peter's Cathedral and the Sistine Chapel as well as some art museums. Next, we went to Venice, one of my favorite cities. We dropped by St. Mark’s Basilica and the Palazzo Ducale. We also rode in a gondola. I had never ridden in a gondola before. So it was a new experience for me. Lwill never forget the wonderful trip we had because we saw lots of beautiful places. Iwould also love to return one day since the cities were so wonderful 1 What is the essay about? 2 What cities did the writer visit? 3 Why does the writer want to return one day? 32© Read the model essay again and complete the brainstorming and outlining. My Trip to Iealy last summer, with aaa — Rome * the Pantheon and * St. Mark's Basilica and the Palazzo . 9 saw St. Peter's Ducale Cathedral, the Sistine Chapel, and some | | © art museums | last summer, with my family | Introduetion | | owas > was very excited flew to Rome, ited saw | | *also went to | Body | (CAND went to Venice, » dropped by ealso + was a new experience will never forget because we | would love to return since the citi Unit 3 33Collecting Ideas Look at the example. Fill in the blanks with the phrases in the box. climbed the mountain saw many cherry blossoms took photos at the Eiffel Tower © Venice - dropped by St. Mark's Basilica and the Palazzo Ducale - rode ina gondola © Seoraksan National Park + bought some souvenirs at a shop © Oahu = went on a sunset cruise 34 rodein-agendola toured the Taj Mahal swam in the ocean with dolphins * Kyoto - dropped by Nijo Castle and some temples © Paris ~ saw famous paintings in the Louvre * Agra + tried traditional indian foodSentence Precctice cee © Look at the example and rewrite the sentences. Italy is a country. Lots of history took place in Italy. — Italy is a country where lots of history took place. 1 Korea is a country. You can enjoy four seasons in Korea. > 2 Japan is a country. You can do a lot of activities in Japan. ae se 3 France is a country. There are many famous museums in France. 4 4 Hawaii is a place. Many people spend their vacations in Hawaii. + © Look at the example and write the sentences. 1 | see / St. Peter's Cathedral / the Si > There, we saw St. Peter's Cathedral and the Sistine Chapel as well as some art museums. 2 |_ ride on / roller coasters / bumper cars / the Viking ship] > 3 eat / rice / curry / other Indian dishes ) a 4 buy/ Tshirts / magnets / some postcards + Unit 3 35@ Look at the example and rewrite the sentences. It was my first time to ride in a gondola. ~ Thad never ridden in a gondola before. hing for the fi 1 It was my first time to see so many flowers in one place. + 2 It was my first time to climb to the top of a mountain. + 3 It was my first time to see the Mona Lisa in person. + 4 It was my first time to swim in the ocean with dolphins. eee eee aoa © Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. we-sawots-of beautiful places: it was with my whole family we visited a famous monument it was my first trip abroad 36 | will never forget the wonderful trip we had because we saw lots of beautiful places | will never forget the exciting trip we had because | will never forget the fun trip we had because | will never forget the amazing trip we had because@ Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. Hawaii is a place when many people spend their vacations. First, we flew to Oahu. There, we went swimming and surfing as well snorkeling. Next, we went on a sunset cruise. | have never seen such a beautiful sunset before. So it was a pleasant experience for me. + You can describe the order of events by using the following sequence words: + First, + Next, / Then, / After that, (EMD First, we flew to Rome. Next, / Then, / After that, we went to Venice. Rewrite the sentences by u: ig the information and words in parentheses. 1 (We drove our car. > We rode ona ferry. ) ( first / next) = 2 (We had lunch at the Eiffel Tower. —» We visited the Louvre. ) ( first / then ) 4 3. (We toured the Taj Mahal. > We went to the Agra fort. ) ( first / after that ) > Unit 3. 37rE Brainstorming Brainstorm your idea about your most memorable trip. My Trip to Dee) Ce 38Outlining Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Introduction Peal ConclusionBefore You Write qc @ Read and answer the questions. 1 Who is a famous person you admire? 2 What did that person do? 3 What characteristics helped make that person famous? the chart with the words and phrases in the box. Thomas Edison Michelangelo a great inventor a successful author J. Rowling a talented artist Jim Carrey _a famous comedian and actor Famous Person Who He/She Is | Unit® 41Analyzing the Model Essay a © Read the model essay and answer the questions. pe 42 Thomas Edison Thomas Edison was one of the world’s greatest inventors. For a couple of reasons, he became a big success and got famous. Edison did poorly at school, but he was always positive and never gave up. For instance, when he was trying to invent the light bulb, he failed 10,000 times, But he did not qui so he finally succeeded. Because Edison never stopped trying, people around the world cari enjoy indoor lighting. He was also a very hardworking man. Edison enjoyed working all the time. During Edison’s lifetime, he invented more than 1,000 items. One was the phonograph, which let people record sounds. Another was the motion picture camera, which people used to make movies. Thomas Edison never quit and worked hard, too. Without a doubt, those two characteristics made him a great inventor and famous man. Whenever you think of inventors, you should think of Thomas Edison. 1 What is the essay about? 2 What are two characteristics that helped Thomas Edison succeed? 1) 2) 3 What are two of the items that Thomas Edison invented?© Read the model essay again and complete the brainstorming and outlining. az (eae * tried to invent the light bulb, but “never stopped trying + people can enjoy * enjoyed invented more than 1,000 items +g. phonograph, * Thomas Edison: one of the * became ‘Characteristic UCTS tried to enever _ GERNOT was also eg Conclusion > made him + whenever you think of invented more than and got famous for a couple of reasons 7 and never gave up __ but failed 10,000 times “+ people can enjoy indoor lighting all the time and famous man | think of Thomas EdisonCollecting Lhe ee Look at the example. Fill in the blanks with the phrases in the box. invented-morethan+,000 items won a large number of awards worked hard to become a comedian wrote the most popular children’s books: learned a lot despite being deaf and blind made many works of art | © an inventor © anartist was always positive and never gave up —--_never stopped asking to study art ~ __ invented more than 1,000 items : 3 4 | | © an author and educator * a. comedian and actor | Se reer en eee eee a eee pee enn EEE } + inspired people and gave them hope ~ starred in many popular movies 5 6 i * an author © a basketball player did not quit writing despite having ~ practiced constantly to improve no job his skills, 44Sentence Practice 4 Jim Carrey is a famous comedian and actor. Sree © Look at the example and complete the sentences. ean-enjey indeorighting was able to improve his skills learned how to read and write got the chance to be an artist Because Edison never stopped trying, people __can enjoy indoor lighting 2 Because Michelangelo never stopped asking, he 3 Because Keller studied a lot with her teacher, she 4 Because Jordan practiced constantly, he : Unit 45@ Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. is a sculpture let people record sounds was made into movies showed he was the best player tion about the noun it modifies ye clause gives extra infor One was the phonograph, __which let people record sounds One was the MVP award, inventors / Thomas Edison > Whenever you think of inventors, you should think of Thomas Edison. 2 | artists / Michelangelo + 3 [authors /J.K. Rowling _ | pep coerce eee SEE EEE EEE Ee eter eee Eee Pere 4 | comedians and actors / Jim Carrey 46 One was David, : One was the Harry Potter series, a© Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. J.K Rowling is one of the most successful author. She did not have a job when she wrote Harry Potter. Because of she kept writing, she was able to publish her book, During her lifetime, she has written many books. One was the Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, that was the last book in the Harry Potter series. ¥ When you want to emphasize a fact or opinion, you can write: + Without a doubt, + Without question, | GE Without a doubt, / Without question, those two characteristics made hima great | inventor and famous man. | Rewrite the sentences by using the words parentheses. 1 Michael Jordan was one of the greatest players in NBA history. ( without a doubt ) + 2. Helen Keller showed that disabled people could accomplish great things. (without question ) Unit ® 47Brainstorming Brainstorm your idea about a famous person. (AT A 48Outlining q--2=22s2 Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Title Introduction aly CEE Conclusion Unit # 49Writing Goal —_To write about an imaginary situation Type of Writing Narrative Essay A narrative egsay describes a story that happened to you. It can also describBefore You Write qxmemmemee @ Read and answer the questions. 1 What would you like to be in the future? 2 What would you like to do if you were that person? 3 Why would you do those things? CB) Fill in the chart with the phrases in the box. treat the poor a principal popular children’s series a doctor my own private airplane awriterarich person _get rid of "If tere... | . . school uniforms | . . for free | | . ewrite | s * buy i Unit S 51Analyzing the Model Essay @ Read the model essay and answer the questions. = 52 If Were a Principal Iwant to be a principal of a school. If I were a principal, I would make two big changes to help the students. First, I would get rid of school uniforms. Many students complain about their uniforms and dislike wearing them. They would rather wear other clothes. If I got rid of school uniforms, the students would be happier. Second, I would change the times school starts and ends. Most students have trouble waking up, so they often fall asleep during class, Others have a hard time paying attention. I would start school at 9:00 and finish at 4:00. Then, the students would be wide awake all day long, Getting rid of school uniforms and changing the school times would improve the school a lot. As a principal, T would make those changes at once. 1 What is the essay about? 2 What are the two changes the writer would make? 1) 2). 3 How would those changes help the students?© Read the model essay again and complete the brainstorming and outlining. change the school times =a ~ + students _ wearing + students have trouble them * start school ___ and finish * get rid of school uniforms 9 students would be > students would be all day long ie Title | | want to be | Introduction | would to help the students } 7 ED would | * students __and dislike wearing them | * get rid of school uniforms + students would _ 4 (GEG would change the times Body +students have trouble waking up + _ during class | and have a hard time Sete . ___at 9:00 and at 4:00 7 students would be _ aa and Conclusion would improve the school a lot Unit $ 53Collecting [decs ee Look at the example. Fill in the blanks with the phrases in the box. travel in space bea bestselling writer changethe schooltimes buy my own private airplane try to find a cure for cancer sell products around the world ® get rid of school uniforms . . change the school times * talk to people about space © write a popular children’s series ® treat the poor for free © improve the quality of my company’s * build a nice house by the sea products aSentence Procctice came © Look at the example and write the sentences. Phen you talk about untrue ideas in the present, use 1 (a principal / make two big changes / help the students ) > If Twere a principal, I would make two big changes to help the students. 2 (a doctor / come up with two ways / treat my patients better ) > 3 (a CEO / take two actions / improve my company ) + 4 (an astronaut / do two things / improve our knowledge of science ) © Look at the pictures. Write the sentences with the phrases in the box. treat the poor for free travel in space get rid-of school-uniforms build a nice house by the sea First, I would get rid of school uniforms. Units 55@ Look at the example and rewrite the sentences. | get rid of school uniforms, Students are happier. » If | got rid of school uniforms, students would be happier. 1 | write a popular children’s series. Children want to read more. > 2 | visit the moon. Many people become interested in space. + 3 | find a cure for cancer. Many patients may not die. > 4 | buy my own private airplane. | can travel around the world. > © Look at the pictures. Write the sentences with the words in the box. astronaut writer principal doctor (make those changes at once ) ‘Asa principal, Twould make those changes at once, as (act that way ) (write those books ) (do those activities )@ Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewt le the paragraph. |-want to be the CEO of a large company. If lam a CEO, | would take two actions to improve my company. First, | would improving the quality of my company’s products. = If did that, customers will enjoy using my products more. ¥ | To list two points in an essay, you can use the following words: | First, ~/Second,~ + The first ~ is that... / The second ~ is that.. GED First, / The first thing is that | would get rid of school uniforms. Second, / ‘The second thing is that | would change the times school starts and ends. Rewrite the sentences by using the words in parentheses. 1 | would treat the poor for free. | would try to find a cure for cancer. ( first / second ) > 2 | would travel in space. | would talk to people about space. (the first thing is that / the second thing is that ) = Unit 57 iBrainstorming Brainstorm your ideas about what you would like to be and what you would do if you were that person. Iara. 58Outlining 2-.2.c.ssse Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Introduction [ita Se oo fou co Conclusion |Before You Write @ Read and answer the questions. 1 Do you prefer to take online classes or to take traditional classes at a school? 2 What is your experience with that type of class? 3 How did you benefit from taking that type of class? © Fill in the chart with the phrases in the box. take online classes I can travel somewhere far away read paper books I can study from my bedroom take a long vacation they are comfortable for the eyes unit 6 61Analyzing the Model Essay © Read the model essay and answer the questions. The Advantages of Online Classes Many people prefer to attend classes at schools. I do not though. While traditional classes have some benefits, they are not the best way to learn. Instead, online classes are better. I took an online math class in summer. I learned more in that class than I did in any other school class. In the online class, there were no noisy students or other problems. So the teacher could just focus on teaching the class. Moreover, online classes are much more convenient than traditional classes. I do not like to wake up early to go to school, Thanks to online classes, I can study from my bedroom. Students learn more in online classes. They find the classes more convenient, too. This makes them far superior to traditional classes. 1 What is the essay about? 2 What does the writer think about the online math class he took in summer? 3 Why does the writer think online classes are convenient? 62© Read the model essay again and complete the brainstorming and outl The Advantages oF Online Classes LOTT a much more in an online math class — (- _ or other + do not like to wake up early to go to problems school * the teacher could focus on teaching can study the class Title ele | many people prefer to Introduetion «my preference: are better cum in summer | + learned more than | did in any other school class there were or other problems aoay the teacher could just Ht _ | | COMETTD are Pee than traditional classes *do not like to_ = scan —_ | «students and find the classes more convenient | | conetusion far traditional classes Unit 6 63Collecting Ideas Look at the example. Fill in the blanks with the phrases in the box. students can ask questions easily can study from my-bedroom are more comfortable for the eyes can store hundreds of books can visit various places in different seasons _can travel somewhere far away 1 I, © Online classes * Traditional classes ~ no noisy students or other problems - 7 can study from my bedroom ~ can socialize and learn with students in person 3 * E-books * Paper books ~ can save trees Peete Heer oe - don't need electric power or batteries ona single device 5 6 * Along vacation © Several short vacations not forget what | have learned ~ can do many activities - 64Sentence Practice ees © Look at the pictures. Write the sentences with the phrases in the box. read e-books attend.classes-atschoals study in groups have several short vacations 1 kee Many people prefer to attend classes at schools. a © Look at the example and rewrite the sentences. Traditional classes have some benefits. They are not the best way to learn. > While traditional classes have some benefits, they are not the best way to learn. /e an opinion different from someone else's, it means “although, 1 E-books are becoming popular. | still prefer paper books. > 2 Along vacation sounds nice. It can be boring. + 3 Studying in a group can be helpful. It is not for everyone. + 4 Studying abroad has its advantages. It also has its disadvantages. > Unit 6 65@ Look at the example and write the sentences. 1 (online classes / much / convenient / traditional classes ) Online classes are much more convenient than traditional classes 2 (e-books /a lot / good / paper books ) > 3 (several short vacations / even / exciting / a long vacation ) + 4 (studying alone / far / effective / studying in a group ) > © Look at the example and write the sentences. 1 |_ online classes / study from my bedroom > Thanks to online classes, I can study from my bedroom. 2 | e-books / store hundreds of books on a single device > 3 | having a long vacation / do ea aiectnl many activities | 4 4 | studying in a group / strengthen my knowledge by teaching others | 66© Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. Many people prefer to study in groups. | do not though, When studying in a group can be helpful, it is not for everyone. When | study alone, | can learn at my own pace. Moreover, studying alone is very more effective ES than studying in a group. Thanks to study alone, | can 3 focus on what | need to study. + When you want to give more information, you can use the following words: +Moreover, - In addition, D in online classes, there are no noisy students or other problems. Moreover, / | In addition, online classes are much more convenient than traditional classes. Meet Rewrite the sentences by using the words in parentheses. 1 E-books can save trees. I can store hundreds of books on a single device. ( moreover ) PP 2. During a long vacation, | can travel somewhere far away. | can do many activities. (in addition ) + z i Unit 6 67Brainstorming === Brainstorm your ideas about your preference between two choices. (e.g. online classes vs. traditional classes, e-books vs. paper books, a long vacation vs. several short vacations) The Advantages of EET (ANE (AIR 68Outlining Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Title Introduction cmErm Body Conclusion Unit 6 69Writing Goal To write about human activities and how they affect the environment Type of Writing Expository Essay | An expository essay gives information about a topic or explains how to do something, 70Before You Write @ Read and answer the questions. 1 Do you think the environment is in danger? 2 What are some human activities that affect the environment? 3 What are some impacts of these activities on the environment? © Match the pictures with the correct phrases in the box. use plastic products burn fossil fuels cut down trees eat meat put pesticides into the soil drive cars * wAnalyzing the Model Essay @ Read the model essay and answer the questions. & Environmental Problems These days, there are all kinds of environmental problems. Regular people are often causing them. It seems that people know they should take care of the Earth, but they are not doing that. For instance, more and more people are using plastic products these days. These items do not break down quickly. Instead, they get into rivers and oceans. As a result, rivers and oceans have been filled with plastic waste. Many fish and other marine life are also dying because of this garbage. People put pesticides into the soil to grow crops as well. These poisons are polluting the ground. Due to them, no plants can grow in some places. Pesticides are making the water supply unsafe to drink, too. In conclusion, plastics and pesticides are two majoricauses of pollution. They 1 What are two ways that people are harming the environment? ) 2) 2 How is plastic waste affecting the environment? 3 How are pesticides affecting the environment? 72© Read the model essay again and complete the brainstorming and outl COME _ into the wi | use rivers and oceans have been filled with plants can’t grow * make __ unsafe to : are dying drink Title these days, there are all kinds of environmental problems Introduetion are often causing them | People are | sdontt and get into rivers and oceans. | > rivers and oceans | pody ‘fish and other marine life | | people to grow crops | | +are polluting the ground + _______insome places sare making : and : two major causes of pollution Conclusion are killing ____and reducing the quality of | Unit? 73| Collecting [dects eee Look at the example. Fi in the blanks with the phrases in the box. fish and other marine tife are. dying the Earth’s climate is changing make the water supply unsafe to drink —_ there are fewer trees on the Earth cows produce greenhouse gases people have a hard time breathing © use plastic products © put pesticides into the soil ~ fill rivers and oceans with ~ no plants grow in some places plastic waste - _fish and other marine life are dying © drive their own cars ~ pollute the air el * eat meat © burn fossil fuels ~ destroy rainforests to raise cows : > ~ cause acid rain 4Sentence Precctice cemeenc @ Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. It seems that people know they should take care of the Earth but they are not doing that. ( take care of the Earth ) but they are still doing it. (not / pollute ) but they are not doing that. ( save energy ) but they are still doing it. ( not / waste food ) © Look at the pictures. Write the sentences with the phrases in the box. are using electronic items are buying things online are-using-plastic products do not take buses or subways 1 ak More and more people are using plastic products these days. Unit 7 75© Look at the example and rewrite the sentences. eS using *have/has been + p.p. 1 People have filled rivers and oceans with plastic waste. + Rivers and oceans have been filled with plastic waste. 2 People have polluted the air with smoke, 4+ 3 People have destroyed nearly half of the * — © Look at the example and write the sentences. 1 (put pesticides into the soil / grow crops ) + People put pesticides into the soil to grow crops as well. 2 (cut down trees / make paper and furniture ) + ® Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. growin-someplaces is changing _ there are fewer trees 1 | te 2 Due to them, _ __ on the Earth. 76@ Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. It set ; to people know they should protect the environment, but they are not doing that. For instance, many and many people are eating meat for every meal these days. To raise cows, farmers want more land. As a result, nearly half of the rainforests have destroyed. + When you begin your concluding paragraph, you can start by writing + In conclusion, + To conclude, In conclusion, / To conclude, plastics and pesticides are two major causes of pollution Rewrite the sentences by using the words in parentheses. 1 Cars and deforestation are two major causes of environmental problems. ( in conclusion ) ey 2. Eating meat and excessive energy use harm the environment and cause global warming. (to conclude ) a, ‘Unit? 7Brainstorming —$—$——$—————————— Brainstorm your idea about environmental problems. Environmental Problems | a LOOT | ET TTT How ltAfects the EnvronmentOutlining Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Introduction Body Conclusion Unit 7 79Mobile Phones at Schools Writing Goal Type of Wri‘aa Before You Write cesses @ Read and answer the questions. 1 Do you believe that students should have mobile phones at schools? 2 How could having mobile phones at schools benefit students? 3) How could having mobile phones at schools harm students? in the chart with the phrases in the box. Class discussions part-time jobs ban mobile phones __proud of school uniforms responsibility learn the material __in class. | believe that. because... ® school should __ # students use their phones * teachers should have more students better cee © students should wear * they make students = their schools © teens should have | teens can learn Unit 8 81Analyzing the Model Essay @ Read the model essay and answer the questions. 82 Using Mobile Phones at Schools ‘ |” Thave rébile phone and usa # Ea RUERH OEE agree that students should use mobile phones at schools. In fact, I believe that schools should ban mobile phones. So many students seem like they cannot live without their phones. They even use their phones in class. Students not only send text messages on their phones but also play games on them. The more they use their phones, the worse their grades are. When students use their mobile phones in class, they cause problems for others. For example, I cannot focus on my lessons at times. I go to school to learn. I do not want students distracting a me with their phones. % Schools need to ban mobile phones at once. They make students do poorly in class. 4h And they bother other students. od & What is the writer's opinion about using mobile phones at schools? How does the writer say mobile phones affect students’ grades? What problem does the writer have because of students using mobile phones in class?for others in class . and play * cannot games do not want students distracting me *the more they use their phones + a Title *do not agree that students should use mobile phones at schools | believe that GEEMD students deel not only send text messages but also the more , the worse Bod | u ananavan tat teasanet nas suSuaEaRstanasSURsSSERsSRREaaNay sl cannot at times *1.go to school to learn > do not want students » schools need to ban mobile phones at once Conclusion» they make students and Units 83Collecting [ects eee | Look at the example. Fill in the blanks with the phrases in the box. learn the material better use their phones in-class can play sports on weekends © Schools should ban mobile phones. : use their phones in class ~ cause problems for others ® Students should wear school uniforms. ~ do not have to focus on fashion © Students should not have daily homework. - is not always effective 84. can learn responsibility takes away from leisure time make students proud of their schools © Teachers should have more class discussions. + can improve their speaking skills © Teens should not play sports after school. ~ need to study more instead * Teens should have part-time jobs. ~ can learn how to manage moneySentence Precctice asec © Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. | a (schools / ban mobile phones ) In fact, I believe that schools should ban mobile phones (teens / have part-time jobs ) In fact, (students / wear school uniforms ) In fact, eZ Staaaianaaa | 4 l (teachers / have more class discussions ) Infact, ee eee PEE | 5 © Look at the example and rewrite the sentences. FCombine two similar points by using “not only Abbut also 8 1 Students send text messages on their phones. They also play games on them. + Students not only send text messages on their phones but also play games on them. 2 Teens waste time playing sports. They also do not study enough. + 3 Teens get valuable work experience. They also learn how to deal with people. i 4 Class discussions let students learn to speak better. They also make them more confident. +@ Look at the example and complete the sentences. Fier comparative, the Comparative” shows how one th depend upon anther tina 1 As they use their phones more, their grades are worse. The more they use their phones _, the _worse their grades are 2. As they talk in class more, their speaking skills get better. >The , the 3 As they do more homework every day, they have more stress. > The , the 4 As they play sports more, they become more tired at night. >The , the © Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. | do not have to focus on fashion can learn the material better can learn to manage money When students use their mobile phones in class, they cause problems for others When students take part in class discussions, When students wear uniforms to school, When teens do part-time jobs, Bia! oa a© Read the short paragraph. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. | believe what teens should not play sports after school. Teens not only waste time playing sports and do not study enough. The more they play sports, the low their grades become. When students play sports after school, they become too tired to do homework at night. ae eS When you agree or disagree with a statement, you can use: agree that ~ + Ido not agree that ~ / | disagree that ~ END | agree that students should be able to use mobile phones at schools. | do not agree that / | disagree that students should be able to use mobile phones at schools. Rewrite the sentences by using the words in parentheses. 1 Students should wear school uniforms. (agree ) + 2. Students should have daily homework. ( disagree )Brainstorming Brainstorm your ideas about a topic that you agree or disagree with. Refer to the topics in Collecting Ideas. eer res | (aN (ER 88Outlining Based on your brainstorming, complete the outline of your essay. Introduction Body, ConclusionMere tales e By tof eat ba 4 ReviewRead the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. the Northern 1 item n 2 coral reef 2 3 tropical fish B star (v) perform orchestra 4 Lights 14 snow-covered 5 — fascinated 15 decide to the Arctic : : Bi 16 _ be interested in "Circle 7 amazing 7 go scuba diving so far go ona safari a dream come true 8 though (ad.) 18 | 9 national park 19 k Reece rere rece eee 10 president 20 | 1. the relative pronoun “what” 3) What | am interested in is scuba diving. 2 to-infini /e as a subject complement = the thing which 9 Another one of my dreams is to see the Northern Lights.Unit 2 } My Favorite Website aes Read the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. few 11 share (v) | (a. educational) fea —_—_+ ont | 2. article 12 ship w) | 3 various 13 latest (a.) 4 topic 14 book review 5 history 15. all the time 6 — geography 16 | focus on 7 reason 17 in my opinion | 8 improve 18 | check out fee oe | 9 verbal (a) 19 search for fee, __- ESE eee epee ost ge Post) 20 stay updated (= upload) erm 1 present participle (verb-ing) as an adjective 8 Ducksters is a website focusing on education. 2. present perfect continuous: have/has been + verb-ing ©@ | have been visiting Ducksters for many years. ‘Unit 1-2 93Unit 3 My Most Memorable Trip Ce ett Read the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. 1 memorable 11 souvenir ete 2 yO | 12 painting 3 capital (n) [os P tour ow | Ht 4 “ancient (a) ceeeeeet 1“ traditional 5 empire 7 15 monument : ; 6 = cathedral : Ae take place fete ete 7 chapel : 17 drop by ae tere gmc rhe | 9 | return 19 go on a cruise | 40 cherry blossom 20 in person | =I 1 the relative adverb “where” | @@ Italy is a country where lots of history took place. 2. past perfect: had + p.p. @9) | had never ridden in a gondola before. 94Unit 4 Famous People Cortese Read the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. 1 inventor 11 © characteristic 2 success 12 author ( writer) 3 positive 13 educator 4 fail (~ succeed) 14 © practice 5 quit (v) 15 _— inspire 6 — hardworking 16 sculpture 7 lifetime 17 publish 8 phonograph 18 despite 9 record (v.) 19 give up without a motion picture 10 20 © doubt camera (= without question) 1 nonrestrictive adjective clauses: “~, which” &D One was the phonograph, which let people record sounds. Another was the motion picture camera, which people used to make movies. 2 whenever + subject + verb Whenever you think of inventors, you should think of Thomas Edison. Unit 3-4 95Unit 5 If I Were... Read the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. 1 principal (n) 11 product 2 school uniform. 12 private 3 | complain 13 get rid of 4 dislike (Tike) ae ce rouble | verb-ing 5 clothes 15 fallasieep | 6 © popular 16 pay attention HCH 7 | treat w) 17, wide awake : [js icuwem 18 atonce 9 camer 49. travel in space 10 quality | 20. for free Pee mm 1 If + subject + were/past simple, subject + would/could/might + verb ©@ If | were a principal, | would make two big changes to help the students. If | found a cure for cancer, many patients might not die. 2 the preposition “as” ©@ Asa principal, | would make those changes at once. 96CRATERS IT SEE { Unit 6 Taking Online Classes Read the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. arena Hi device 2 prefer Pg comfortable eaneece| 5 attend oe tee eeeeeet 13 vacation eee 4 benefitin) felsavyy | [5 nowy [5 | season en 6 eae 16 effective convenient [Etat || 3 socialize RE supetorto | od 9 store Ww i 19 electric power | 10 singlewa) 20 far away fend { Structures 1 while + subject + verb (= although) © While traditional classes have some benefits, they are not the best way to learn. 2 much/even/far/a lot + comparative 9 Online classes are much more convenient than traditional classes. This makes them far superior to traditional classes. Unit 5-6 97Unit 7 The Environment ore sa Read the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. environmental 11 unsafe (n. environment) | 2 regular 12 breathe 3 cause (u, n) 13 destroy 4 marine (a) 14 rainforest eye Fatbage 15 climate (= waste) 6 pesticide 16 fossil fuel 7 crop (n) 17 take care of 8 = poison (n) 18 break down 9 pollute 19 be filled with : due to 10 water supply 20 (@ because off i == 1 It seems that + subject + verb It seems that people know they should take care of the Earth, but they are not doing that. 2. present perfect passive: have/has been + p.p. As a result, rivers and oceans have been filled with plastic waste. 98STE Seed Read the words and phrases. Write the meaning next to each word and phrase. mobile phone (© cellphone) 2 agree (~ disagree) 3 ban (v) 4 text message 5 grade (n) ract 7 poorly (aa) 8 bother (v) 9 = discussion 10 material 11 proud 12 teen (= teenager) 13 daily 14 leisure time 15 responsibility 16 manage (v) | 17 __ part-time job t— ag at times (= sometimes) 19 proud of 20 ~~ take away from ‘Ex 1 not only A but also B 3) Students not only send text messages on their phones but also play games on them. 2 the + comparative, the + comparative &@ The more they use their phones, the worse their grades are, Unit 7-8 99| | i DAA DRA DNDDDDLPDIDDOi Fe VIPS TFL ESTE llMemoIN II NIN IN INI ND ESD NEL NEL EL REL REL NEL NAL LISMemo FN NNN nN al a