VIVEKANAND COLLEGE OF NURSING

LESSON PLAN
ON
MOTIVATION

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Submitted On:
IDENTIFICATION DATA

 Name of Student teacher -

 Supervision -
 Name of institution -Vivekanand College of Nursing
 Subject -Psychology
 Unit - 3RD
 Name of topic- - Motivation
 Date -
 Time duration - 1 hour
 Time- - 11 am to 12 pm
 Venue- -Post basic b.sc nursing 1st year class room
 Target group -Post basic b.sc nursing 1st year
 Number of students- -30 students
 Method of teaching- -Lecture cum discussion
 A.v aids - White board
 Previous knowledge - Students have previous knowledge regarding topic on the basis of diploma programme.
 GENERAL OBJECTIVE-

At the end of the class students will be able to understand about the motivation

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE- At the end of this class students will be able to:

 Define the motivation.

 List down the types of motives
 Explain the theories of motivations..
 Explain about the nursing imprication of motives.
 Summarize the topic.
 Conclude the topic.
Time Specific Content Teaching learning Evaluation
Objectives
Activities
1 min To introduce IINTRODUCTION
the topic
First I will give hint
try to recognise the
topic according to
your views
“The pessimist sees
difficulty in every
opportunity. The
optimist sees
 opportunity in every
difficulty." —
Winston Churchill

ANNOUNCEMENT
1min To annouce the OF THE TOPIC
topic
Today we discus the
topic motivation.
Motive is an inner
state of mind or an
arousedfeeling
generated through
basic needs or
drives,which compel
an individual to
respond by creating a
kind of tension or urge
to act.
DEFINITIONS Define the
After the class motivation.
2 min  A need gives rise to one or more motives. A motive is a
students will
rather specific process, which has been learned.It is directed
be able to- The teacher explains
towards a goal.
(Carol—1969) the motivation with
Define the
the help using white
motivation.  A motive may be defined as a readiness or disposition to
board
respond in some ways and not others to a variety of
 situations.
(Rosen, Fox and Gregory—1972)
5min CONCEPTS OF MOTIVATION
Explain  Motivation is generated through basic needs or drives Elaborate the
concept  It compels an individual to respond by creating a kind of concept of
The teacher explains
ofmotivation. tension or urge to act motivations.
the concept of
 It is a goal-directed activity, pursued till the attainment of the motivation with the
goal help using white
 Attainment of a goal helps in the release of tension aroused board.
by a specific motive
 A change in goal may bring changes in the nature and
strength of the motive
 Motivation is an inner state or an aroused feeling.
 We experience motives as feelings of want, need and desire
 Motive may be considered as a learned response or tendency
and also an innate disposition
 We cannot see motives directly, but must infer them from the
behavior of people.
15 mins TYPES OF MOTIVES Explain the
Some of the psychologists have divided motives into two main types of
Explain the
categories: The teacher explain motives.
types of
the types of motives
motives. 1. Innate or unlearned with the help using
2. Acquired or learned. white board
Motives can also be classified as:
1. Physiological or primary motives
 2. Social or secondary motives
3. Personal motives
4. Unconscious motives
1. PHYSIOLOGICAL OR PRIMARY MOTIVES
Physiological motives are called biological or organic motives.
These include hunger, sex, thirst, the need for oxygen, rest and sleep,
avoid or seek relief from pain, activity and the elimination needs.
 Hunger Motive
Food is seen to be a very dominant motive. If hunger motive
is not adequately satisfied, behavior of the individual
undergoes a series of changes, which includes lowering of
their morale
 Thirst Motive
When deprived of water over a long period the individual
becomes excessively restless and needs intake of water.
 Respiratory Motive
When an individual suffers from oxygen want, his memory,
sensory activity and muscular control are seriously impaired.
 Need for Rest and Sleep
Need for sleep is one more physiological motive. When the
body continues activities without rest or sleep for a long
time, it is possible to experience confusion, fatigue and
discomfort.
 Need for Elimination of Waste
When the bladder or intestine becomes distended with waste
material, they cause pressure and discomfort
 Sex Motive
This motive within certain limits influences man’s behavior a
great deal. Its adequate satisfaction is desirable for the
 maintenance of normal mental health. It is considered a
biological drive, since it is dependent on physiological
conditions
2. SOCIAL OR SECONDARY MOTIVES
Human beings are not only biological, but also social. Therefore,
human behavior is activated by social motives such as, affiliation
motives, need for status, power motives and social approval. These
motives develop through relationship with people.
3. PERSONAL MOTIVES
Personal motives are allied with physiological needs and common
social motives, but they are so much individualized that they are no
longer common. They are our wants and aspirations, which are not
shared commonly by others. Need for achievement, vocational
ambitions and life goals, specific interests, habits and attitudes,
levels of aspiration, curiosity and fear are our personal motives.
4. UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVES
Unconscious motives are those of which we are not aware of. They
may be in the form of our repressed desires or wishes or complexes.
They determine our irrational fears or phobias.
According to Freud, it is the unconscious mind that guides, directs
20 mins
and motivates dreams. The root cause of mental diseases is traced to
the unconscious mind. Explain the
theories of
Understand the The teacher explain
motivation?
theories of the theories of
THEORIES OF MOTIVATION
motivation. motivation with the
1. INSTINCT THEORY OF MOTIVATION help using white board
According to instinct theories, people are motivated to
 behave in certain ways because they are evolutionarily
programmed to do so.
According to William McDougall all behavioral acts are
essentially instinctive and this instinctive behavior is found
to have three aspects:
 Cognitive (knowing)
 Affective (feeling)
 Conative (acting or doing)
For example, when a child sees a monkey coming towards
him, first, he sees the monkey, second, he experiences an
emotion of fear and third, he tries to run away. Thus, all
human behaviors could be explained in terms of some
instinct.

2. DRIVE THEORY (PUSH THEORY OF MOTIVATION)

Drive theory was developed by Clark Leonard Hull in 1943.
According to the drive theory of motivation, people are
motivated to take certain actions in order to reduce the
internal tension that is caused by unmet needs.
Drive theories might be described as the ‘push theories of
motivation’; behavior is ‘pushed’ towards goals by driving
states within the person. Drive theories say: when an internal
drive state is aroused, the individual is pushed to engage in
behavior, which will lead to a goal, reducing the intensity of
the drive state. Motivation consists of:
 A drive state.
 Goal-directed behavior initiated by the drive state.
 The attainment of an appropriate goal.
 The reduction of the drive state and subjective satisfaction
and relief when the goal is reached.
 The sequence of events is called motivational cycle.

3. AROUSAL THEORY OF MOTIVATION

The arousal theory of motivation suggests that people take
certain actions to either decrease or increase levels of
arousal. When arousal levels get too low, for example, a
person might watch an exciting movie. When arousal levels
get too high, a person would probably look for ways to relax
such as meditating
According to this theory, we are motivated to maintain an
optimal level of arousal, although this level can vary based
on the individual or the situation.

4. INCENTIVE THEORY OF MOTIVATION (PULL

THEORY OF MOTIVATION)
Incentive theory is based on behaviorists learning theories
proposed by Thorndike, Pavlov, Watson and BF Skinner
(1977). The incentive theory suggests that people are
motivated to do things because of external rewards.For
example, a student is motivated by the incentive of good
grades and a teacher is motivated by the incentive of a
promotion.

5. MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Abraham Maslow (1960–1970), a leader in the development
of humanistic psychology proposed an interesting way of
classifying human motives. He assumed a hierarchy of
motives ascending from the basic biological needs present at
birth to more complex psychological motives that become
important only after the more basic needs have been
satisfied.The needs at one level must at least be partially
 satisfied before those at the next level become important
determiners of action.
Abraham Maslow suggested that five basic classes of needs
or motives influence human behavior. According to Maslow,
needs at the lowest level of hierarchy must be satisfied before
people can be motivated by higher-level goals

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

MOTIVES AND BEHAVIOR

 Motives act as the immediate force to energize, direct,
sustain and stop a behavior.
 Motives are a powerful tool for explaining behavior.
 Motives help us to make predictions about behavior in many
different situations.
 Motives do not tell us exactly what will happen, they give us
an idea about the range of things a person will do. A person
with a need to achieve will work hard in school, business,
work situations, etc.
 Motives are inner forces that control an individual’s behavior
 in a subtle manner.

PSYCHOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF MOTIVATION

08 mins Explain the
The important methods used to measure motivation are projective assessment
Understand The teacher explains
techniques, personality inventories and situational tests. techniques of
how to use assessment techniques
motivations.
assessment 1. Projective Techniques of motivations with
techniques of the help using white
motivations. Most commonly used projective technique to measure motives is board.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). In this test subjects are shown a
series of ambiguous pictures and asked to narrate a story about what
is going on in each picture. The assumption is that while narrating
stories, the subject projects his or her own needs into the behavior of
the character. The psychologist then identifies the needs being
projected and judges from the number of related items in the story
how strong each need is.
2. Personality Inventories
These are pencil and paper questionnaires made up of true-false or
multiple choice questions about a person’s habits, likes and
ambitions. For example,
 Edwards Personal Preference Schedule—measures human
social needs
 Taylors Manifest Anxiety Scale—measures anxiety level.
3. Situational Tests
In this test subjects are put into a real situation andan observer sees
what they do. For example, a child’s aggressiveness can be
05 mins measured by letting it play with dolls and observing the number of
times he is aggressive or does something destructive with them.
 NURSING IMPLICATIONS OF MOTIVES How motives
implied in
Understand  The nurse should know how behavior is motivated by The teacher explains
nursing
how to use different needs. The nurse should understand the role of motives implies in
profession?
motivation in primary, social, personal and unconscious motives in human nursing with the help
nursing behavior. She should understand her own motives, so that using white board.
profession. she can better understand patient motives.
 By an insight into the dynamics of motivation she can
maintain her mental health and stay cheerful.
 Knowledge about physiological needs such as hunger and
sleep, etc. help her in the physical care of the patient.
 Knowledge of psychological needs give her an insight into
how to use them favorably for cure.
 It gives her an insight into the etiology of the patient’s
behavior, thus leading to better understanding.
Understanding motives in a patient helps the nurse in the
following ways:
 To recognize motive behind the behavior of the patient.
 To recognize patient’s needs and desires.
 To build a good relationship between the patient and the
health team members.
 To provide priority care (i.e. meeting primary needs before
1 min meeting other needs).
 To satisfy patient needs.
 To promote healing and health in the patient.
SUMMARY
To summarize
the topic. Today we discuss the
basic concept of
motivation, types,
theories and nursing
1 min implication of
motives.

To conclude CONCLUSION
the topic Now I conclude the
topic of motivation
that the A motive is a
readiness or
disposition to respond
in some ways and not
others to a variety of
situations.

REFERENCES

1. Sreevani, R. (2018).Psychology for Nurses As per INC Syllabus. (3). New Delhi. Jaypee Brother Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
56-49
2. https://www.bing.com/search?
q=attention&cvid=db1c5c5d456e4f4fb2a65ddfcfbaf3fa&aqs=edge.0.0j46j0l7.3075j0j1&pglt=41&FORM=ANNTA1&

3. 28 MOTIVATION Quotes, Inspirational Words of Wisdom (wow4u.com)

4. MOTIVATION (slideshare.net)