AGELESS Brochure
AGELESS Brochure
The information contained herein is general and should not take the place of the users’
own application tests. Recommendations are made without guarantee, and we must nec-
essarily disclaim all liability with respect to the use of AGELESS®, supplied by MITSUBISHI
GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC. since the conditions of use are beyond our control.
It is recommended that users of AGELESS® should carry out application tests with actual
materials and equipment in typical operational circumstances.
It is advisable, according to the FDA, to inform the consumer of the presence of the
oxygen-absorbing sachets by labeling on the outside of the food package so that the
consumer does not mistake AGELESS® as a food or as an ingredient. 2011.05
through the film surface are removed completely. AGELESS is a matic inserter.
truly dynamic oxygen absorber.
■ The flavor, color, fragrance and nutrition of freshly prepared food
can now be retained for long periods of time.
AGELESS® has made distribution more efficient.
■ Extending a food's shelf life allows food manufacturers to mar-
AGELESS® assures safety and quality. ket greater varieties of food and expand their markets, while still
■ AGELESS prevents the growth of molds and aerobic bacteria, retaining good taste and freshness.
while also preventing harmful insects. ■ AGELESS allows for the simple and easy control of production
■ Oxidized oils and fats are a detriment to good health. They can and inventory.
be prevented by the deoxidization effect of AGELESS.
■ Reducing amount of food additive.
■ Various tests conducted by official organizations have confirmed
the safety of AGELESS.
■ AGELESS has been awarded the ISO9001 Quality System Certifi-
cation.
* is a registered trademark of Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
02
and other persons and damage to property, AGELESS® Preserves Both Flavor and Nutrition 06
This instruction manual classifies the levels of attention using the fol- Usage Precautions
lowing pictograms.
AGELESS® Usage Precautions 21
Safety of AGELESS® 22
・Please read this instruction manual before use. AGELESS® automatic adhesive machine 29
AGELESS® roll keeping bag No. 2 29
・Please keep this instruction manual with care.
AGELESS® seal check 29
What is AGELESS®?
AGELESS® is the registered trademark of Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.
The main constituent of AGELESS (iron type) is a specially treated iron powder. When iron rusts, it absorbs oxygen
in the process. The result is deoxygenation of the sealed container through oxidation, preventing any bad affects
to the product. Other types of AGELESS use other organic matter such as vitamin C as their main constituents.
Nitrogen
The main chemical reactions that occur inside the AGELESS® sachet are: Fe → Fe2 + 2e-
1/2O2+H2O+2e-→ 2OH¯
Fe2++2(OH)¯ → Fe(OH)2
Fe(OH)2+1/4O2+1/2H2O → Fe(OH)3
What is AGELESS®? 04
Effectiveness of AGELESS®
1. Inhibition of the Mold Growth (30°C x 10 days) 2. Wards off harmful insects (25°C x 1 month)
Salami
4. Prevents color changes (5°C x 1 month) 5. Prevents color changes (-20°C x 6 months)
Growth of blue molds in sponge cake and oxygen concentration (at 25℃ )
Initial Storage Period (days) O2 Concentration When
Packaging Test Method: Blue mold specimen
O2 Concentration (%) 3 5 7 9 12 14 16 20 Detecting Hypha (%)
was implanted in the sponge cake to
AGELESS 0.1 or less - - - - - - - - - compare its grown in an AGELESS Pack
environment and inert gas (nitrogen)
Nitrogen gas replacement replaced packaging.
(99.9% or more)
0.1 or less - - - - - - + + 0.25 Note 1) The oxygen concentration for
the AGELESS is that measured after the
Nitrogen gas replacement
(97.5%)
0.5 - - - + + + ++ ++ 0.42-0.49 absorption of free oxygen.
Note 2) The percentages appearing in
Nitrogen gas replacement parentheses for inert gas replacement
(95%)
1.0 - - + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 0.99-1.10
packaging indicate the rate of replaced
Nitrogen gas replacement gas.
(85%)
3.0 - + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ 2.94-2.98 Note 3) Growth of mold colonies: (-) no
mold colonies detected, (+) observable
Control (air) 21 - + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ mold colonies, (++) large numbers of
mold colonies.
Number of days needed for 100% killing of insects by AGELESS package (at 25℃ )
Azuki weevil
Almond moth
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 (Days)
Peroxide number of corn-oil (extract) sprayed rice Peroxide number of refined fish oil (containing
cakes changing with age 30% DHA) changing with age
Oxygen
100 concentration 200
(21% O2 ) 30°C
80
150
Peroxide number (meq/kg)
AGELESS AGELESS
0.1% O2 or less 0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180(Days) 0 1 2 3 4 (Weeks)
What is AGELESS®? 06
Change in dried welsh onions with age Change in the carotenoids in dried laver with age
Conditions: 25°C Conditions: 25°C
1,000 90
AGELESS
Chlorophyll (meq/100gdry)
AGELESS
Carotenolds (mg/100gdry)
700 80
Bagged with a Bagged with a
desiccant desiccant
Control Control
400 70
100 60
0 2 4 8(Weeks) 0 2 4 6 8 10 (Months)
silghthy
(⊿E) (NBS)
Change in coffee flavor with age Change in Vitamin E of freeze dried tofu
Conditions: 25°C Conditions: 40°C
Grades:
20
Aroma
3:No Smell. The aroma of
AGELESS, Aroma, Taste food is kept well. AGELESS
β-Tocophero (mg/100g)
3
2:A little smell of oxidation.
The food aroma is fading.
Grades
1:Smell of oxidation. 10
Control, Taste The aroma has gone.
2 Taste
3:The taste is like just after
roasting.
Control, Taste, Aroma 2:Increased taste of oxidation. Control
1 1:The taste has gotten worse. 0
0 1 2 3(Months) 0 30 60 90(Days)
Change in Vitamin C in tea with age Change in almond cookies with age
Conditions: 25°C Conditions: 25°C
300
AGELESS
5
280 AGELESS Grades:
Aroma,Taste
Vitamin C (mg/100g)
Control 3
3:A little smell of oxidation.
240 The taste had got worse.
2 2:Smell and taste of oxidation.
1:Strong smell and taste of
Control oxidation.
0 1
0 17 46 80 210(Days) 0 1 2 3(Months)
07 Types of AGELESS®
Water activity of
Variety and Feature Type Main Application
product to be applied
Iron Water Dependent Oxygen absorption FX FX Rice cakes, dumplings, raw noodles, 0.85 or more
Type starts only in moist soybean paste, bread crumbs, etc.
environment.
Self-Reacting Absorption of oxygen Fast Acting Type S SA Pancakes, Castella (Japanese sponge 0.65 to 0.95
begins when sachet for foods with high or SS-MBC cake), Baumkuchen, pizza, semi-dry
are removed from medium water content. confectioneries, madeleine, etc.
outer master bag. Oil resistance
Use as quickly as
possible.
SS Fresh fish fillets, fish eggs, etc. 0.65 to 0.95
For freezing and refrigeration.
Oil resistance
Non Self-Reacting Oxygen Absorbing Type GLS GLS Ham, sausage, chicken nuggets, etc. 0.3 to 0.95
Iron
Type
Oil resistance
Size of AGELESS®
Size 20 30 50 100 200 300 500 1000 2000 3000
O2 absorption capacity(ml) 20 30 50 100 200 300 500 1000 2000 3000
Equivalent air volume (ml) 100 150 250 500 1000 1500 2500 5000 10000 15000
Series FX FX-L
SA
SS
ZP ZPT
Z-PK
GLS
GE
Types of AGELESS® 08
[Water-dependent type] Insert AGELESS into the position where 0.5 ~ 1 day 25°C, 8 hrs: RH*<70%
・Because AGELESS itself does not contain any moisture, contact with moisture evaporated from products is 25°C, 4hrs: RH70 to 90%
moisture evaporated from products causes AGELESS to initiate reactions. easy to reach. In case of using under 35°C,
AGELESS is unable to be used for dry foods. AGELESS is not suited for this handling time become
・Insert AGELESS into the position where moisture is easy to reach. kind of packaging form. shorten to a half of the above.
・FX and FX-L are single-sided absorption types. Enclose AGELESS with According to the degree of moisture and *Relative humidity at room
the absorbing surface (plain white surface) directed to the product. oil contents, even water-resistant type and
・For products that contain alcohol or products to which alcohol is oil-resistant type are unable to successfully
sprayed, FX-L type is suited but it is recommended to confirm the effect provide desired effects. This must be
by tests using actually packaged products before use. confirmed by tests using actually packaged
products before use.
[Iron-based self-reacting type] Not too much particular about packaging 0.5 ~ 1 day Within 2hrs
・AGELESS itself contains moisture necessary for reactions, and contact with forms or insertion places.
air causes AGELESS to initiate oxygen absorption.
・Unlike the water-dependent type, no restriction is placed to the packaging *As for roll form, refer to P.19
form and insertion position. and 20.
・There is a fast-acting type (SA) that absorbs oxygen quickly and a standard AGELESS may be inserted into such a manner
type (ZP, ZPT). as to come in direct contact with food but ( 5°C 0.5 ~1 day) Within 1hr
[Fast-acting type S-series] may not achieve desired effect according to (-20°C 3 ~ 5 days) *As for roll form, refer to P.19
For foods which are perishable and contain a large amount of moisture. food moisture and oil contents. In such event, and 20.
・SA and SS-MBC : Outstanding water resistance, oil resistance, and acid AGELESS must be separated by trays, etc.
resistance. 1 ~ 2 days Within 4 hrs (1hr: AW<0.65)
Able to be used for refrigerated products. (3 ~ 5 days; size *As for roll form, refer to P.19
・SS: For frozen and refrigerated products. Outstanding water resistance and Tray bottom is flat and poor air permeability 500<) and 20.
oil resistance. occurs.
3 ~ 4 days Within in 4hrs
[Standard type Z-series]
・ZP and Z-PT: Standard-purpose type for medium and high moisture con-
taining products. Outstanding water resistance and oil resistance.
Extensive size line up from 20 to 3000. Individual products are too tightly packaged *As for roll form, refer to P.19
・Z-PK: For low moisture content. Outstanding flavor retention capabilities. to deoxidize the inside of individual packages. and 20.
Able to be used in combination with a desiccant.
[Non-iron-based self-reacting type] Same as iron-based self-reacting type. 1 ~ 3 days Within 1hr
・For main ingredients, organic-based substances are used. Low detection
sensitivity is achieved for a metal detector. *As for roll form, refer to P.19
and 20.
・Equivalent to or lower than iron balls of 1.0 mm. According to metal
detectors, setting of non-ferrous balls may be required.
1 ~ 3 days Within 1hr
・GLS absorbs oxygen only.
・GE generates carbon dioxide of a nearly same amount of oxygen
absorbed to prevent shrinkage of packaging material resulting from
*As for roll form, refer to P.19
oxygen absorption.
and 20.
1 automatic packaging.
AGELESS FL (Label type)
2 either as a package base or a page marker.
AGELESS FC (Card type)
Just like ordinary labels, the backside AGELESS Card allows for new, innova-
is coated with an adhesive. This way, tive applications. Available in round or
it is easy to securely place AGELESS square designs, AGELESS Card can be
inside any food package. If an auto- made to order to customer-specified
matic labeling machine is used, you design, size and prints. Contact one of
can attach AGELESS Labels automati- our sales representatives for further
cally. AGELESS Label fits any packag- details.
ing material.
Best suited for inserting in bottles. The pouch-type AGELESS does not use
Types of AGELESS® 10
* The oxygen concentration and time required for discoloration are merely good rule-of-thumbs and not guaranteed values. Discoloration takes place more slowly at low temperatures.
Tablet type with string 6 months after shipment 5 ~ 35°C, AW 0.10 ~ 0.99
The master bag is deoxidized and packed. Make sure AGELESS-EYE inside assumes a pink color before unpacking, and
Check before use then, use the products inside.
・Do not attempt to take out the tablet from the film and use.
Precautions ・Do not make a cut in the film window by a utility knife, etc.
・AGELESS-EYE has limits, so it is recommended to check by performing tests using actually packaged products.
11 Using AGELESS®
Condition 1 Condition 3
Use packing material with a high Create a perfect seal with a sealing machine
gas barrier
In order to maintain an oxygen free condition for a AGELESS Pack must be completely sealed to main-
certain period of time, select packing material with tain their oxygen free condition. A heat sealer can
a high resistance to oxygen permeability. AGELESS be used to seal the container.
Pack use materials with a high gas barrier such as
plastics, trays, metal cans and glass bottles.
Condition 2 Condition 4
Select AGELESS that suits the product char- Correct handling of AGELESS
acteristics and volume of container packing
To ensure that the container is deoxygenated Inappropriate handling of AGELESS can render the
within the required time, select a type of AGELESS product useless. Handling conditions differ accord-
that suits the product characteristics and packag- ing to the type, so the conditions for sealing, use
ing form, and select the size that suits the amount and storage explained in the instruction manual
of oxygen in the packaging. should be followed promptly and accurately.
Once an AGELESS® Pack has been created, an actual test should be performed to
check the effects of sealing.
Products should be placed in the same production lot with the quantity to match the number of tests to
Planning for the actual be performed. Set the test period in relation to the target use-by-date.
test
Products with good storage life can have a longer time before opening, whereas the time for products
with poor storage should be shortened.
Several quality assurance officers should be assigned to check the quality of the product. The same officer
should check the quality of the product each time.
A test plan should be created to assist in tests with many different conditions.
Using AGELESS® 12
In order to keep the inside of the container in the state of oxygen free for a certain time, it is necessary to
Condition 1 choose packaging material with low oxygen permeability. In principle, choose packaging material whose
oxygen permeability is 20 ml/m2 ・atm・24h or less.
Generally, the oxygen permeability and water vapor permeability of packaging material will change according to
the temperature and humidity of the preservation environment, water activity of the content, etc. The oxygen
permeability of some packaging material will drastically rise (decline in gas-barrier property) when preserved in a
high humidity environment or applied to a food whose water activity is high. When choosing or changing pack-
aging material, be sure to conduct a packing test in advance to check the suitability of the packaging material.
The table below provides reference data and suitability.
★:When using packaging material whose suitability is indicated with this mark for AGELESS Pack, conduct a packing test, etc. very carefully to determine
the propriety of adoption.
Abbreviations:
PET = polyester, Al = aluminum, PE = polyethylene, OPP = oriented polypropylene, EVOH = ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, PVA= polyvinyl alcohol,
PVDC = polyvinylidene chloride, ONY = oriented nylon, CPP= cast polypropylene
Oxygen permeability is also indicated with SI unit (ml/m2, MPa, 24h).
*
The oxygen permeability in SI unit is obtained by multiplying 9.87 by the corresponding value * of the table since 1MPa ≒ 9.869atm.
13 Using AGELESS®
Choose the best suited type in accord with the food types, properties, packaging
Condition 2
forms, and specific applications.
・Basically, choose the water-dependent type when AGELESS is loaded in “direct” contact with foods containing
a high percentage of moisture that causes “mold” to grow. When such foods are individually packaged, or
placed in trays or fancy boxes, and AGELESS is “indirectly” loaded on the outside of such packages, trays, or
boxes, choose self-reacting type.
・Because almost self-reacting types provide water resistance and oil resistance, irrespective of packaging forms,
“direct” and “indirect” loading of AGELESS are enabled for medium-moisture and high-moisture foods. In this re-
gard, however, for foods containing a high percentage of moisture, “mold” grows quickly, and the quick-acting
type AGELESS shall be used.
・For low-moisture foods, self-reacting standard type AGELESS is used. Irrespective of packaging forms, AGELESS
is able to be “directly” and “indirectly” loaded.
[How to choose AGELESS® types by food moisture content and packaging forms]
Packaging form (AGELESS inserted position)
Food moisture content (good AGELESS is inserted “directly” AGELESS is inserted “indirectly.”
rule-of-thumb for water activity in contact with foods. AGELESS is inserted to the outside
of individual packages, trays, boxes, etc.
Oil-free foods Foods containing oil
Concomitant use with a Effective for foods with extremely little moisture content (Aw 0.3 or less) such as
Z-PK
desiccant freeze-dry products.
Metal detector sensitivity is equivalent to or lower than iron ball φ10 mm.
Use of metal detector GLS GE
Depending on metal detector, setting to non-ferrous ball may be required.
Specific
applications AGELESS generates carbon dioxide in the amount nearly same as that of absorbed
Avoidance of shrinkage of oxygen, but carbon dioxide dissolves in moisture content or oil content of food
GE
package and changes food taste or causes the package to gradually shrink. In such event,
combined use of other types and nitrogen gas filling is effective.
Roasted coffee beans and The carbon dioxide generation rate varies in accord with kind of coffee beans and
E
powder degree of roasting. Confirm the effect with actually packaged products before use.
Specific foods
Foods containing acids SA Contact our staff for foods with particularly high acidity such as kelp flakes.
・Contact our support staff for ambiguous points, when there are many restrictions in food properties or packaging forms, or many combination
conditions of specific applications, applications to fruit and vegetables, etc.
Using AGELESS® 14
In order to determine the correct AGELESS® size, you’ll need to know the volume
Condition 2 of oxygen in your container.
Oxygen in container(ml) = (Air volume in container(ml) – Weight of product(g) / Specific gravity) × 0.21
Example: Container size: 15×10×10cm, weight of product: 600g, specific gravity: 1g/ml.
Measure in the
middle of height
Oxygen in container= [(15×10×10)-600/1]×0.21=189ml
Height
2. When the container is not a box, put the bag in water and measure the volume.
1 2 3
Measure the weight of Fill vessel with water. Measure the make-up
food and container. Place product container into water volume.
vessel and let water overflow.
Example: Make-up water volume 900ml, weight of product 500g, specific gravity 1g/ml.
Even if packaging material and containers with high gas barrier capabilities are used, effect of AGELESS pack
Condition 3
is unable to be obtained unless packaging containers are completely heat-sealed or seamed.
Film containers AGELESS® pack achieves no desired effect unless it is completely sealed.
・Shape that can be sealed most securely.
・Able to be sealed by a one-side heating sealer.
Gusset package
・A sealer with wide sealing width (not less than 10 mm) and with Heating both sides
horizontal seal direction marking is recommended. A sealer with
narrow sealing width tends to give rise to seal failure when any Seal direction marking:
horizontal
foreign matter is included or any wrinkle is formed.
Using AGELESS® 16
<Belt sealer>
<Molded container>
In the case of a molded container: With care to apply pressure uniformly.
・When a molded container is top-
sealed, use care to apply homoge-
neous pressure to the whole container.
In particular, take care to corners of a
square container.
Use AGELESS®
Condition 4 The handling method of AGELESS varies in accord with types. Comply with the conditions stipulated in this
document, and properly unpack, use, and store AGELESS.
In the event that AGELESS® is erroneously used, AGELESS® absorbs oxygen in air before
packaging and is unable to exhibit the expected effect. Strictly abide by the correct han-
dling method in order to enable AGELESS® to exhibit the effect satisfactorily.
Used AGELESS® can not be reused because the performance might be gone.
bad
Using AGELESS® 18
®
ELESS
AG
When opening box, avoid using too sharp an edge. AGELESS is vacuum packed. If you hang master bag from
(There is a possibility of damaging master bags.) one end, the packets should not slip.
In case the packets should slip before opening, do not use
that master bag of AGELESS.
Do not pile up AGELESS in the tray. Do not use AGELESS one by one from a master bag.
19 Using AGELESS®
Use AGELESS®
Handling of AGELESS® in continuous rolls
The product is packed in a vacuum packed external packaging Roll form <Cross section>
to prevent permeation by oxygen. By checking the condition
of the vacuum, minute pin-hole created during transport or
handling, as well as damage to the master bag can be
checked.
We will replace AGELESS whose vacuum of the outer bag is
lost when the carton box is unpacked. Contact our distributor.
Self-reacting type
Roll form (1) (ZP-R, ZPT-R, Z-PTR, Z-PKR, SA-R, GLS-R, GE-R)
Use these products at a rate of 1,000 sachets per hour.
Calculate total working time using the following formula including 30
minutes for setting etc.
Roll form
(Number of sachets in the roll/ 1,000) hours + 0.5 hours or less
(Example: In the case of 3,000 sachets rolled, total working time is 3.5 hours)
If you stop the production, longer than 1 hour, put AGELESS in a master bag.
Method of vacuum-packing
・Seal one side of a bag with a heat sealer, and vacuum the bag by putting
the cleaner nozzle (cleaning nozzle) into the bag from the open end,
and seal the open end quickly after removing the nozzle.
・Be careful not to make wrinkles at the sealed ends of the bag.
・If sealing with a heat sealer is difficult, AGELESS Clip may be used for
sealing, as shown on the right. Sealing will be insufficient if the clip is
loose. In such case, use a new clip.
・In either case, check the vacuum condition when resuming the use of
the roll in the bag.
・When keeping the roll form (2) (Z-PR, E-R) for 24 hours or more, put in a
self-reacting type AGELESS comparable to SA-500 or above, and then
vacuum-pack it for keeping.
・When a small amount of sachets of a roll type product remains near the
roll core, remove them from the core and vacuum-pack them for keeping.
・Roll keeping bag No. 2 may also be available.
See p. 29.
21 Usage Precautions
Warning
AGELESS effectively suppresses the growth of molds and other aerobic microorganisms. However, it does not
suppress obligatory anaerobes, microaerophiles, facultative anaerobes and yeast. Before using AGELESS in
food packages that are susceptible to these microorganisms, it is necessary to conduct tests under the actual
packing and distribution conditions. Combined use of AGELESS with refrigeration and other food preserving
methods is recommended. (Note that the growth of mold cannot be fully prevented by AGELESS under certain
packaging conditions.)
*Note that the growth of mold cannot be fully prevented by AGELESS under certain packaging conditions.
Further precautions
Be sure to read the AGELESS Users’ Manual before using any of the AGELESS products. Most AGELESS has water,
oil, alcohol and acid resistance, but these resistances are limited. It is recommended that every user conduct AGE-
LESS tests under actual usage conditions to verify its effectiveness.
*AGELESS is an odorless material that is not meant to be eaten. Unlike most food preservatives, AGELESS is not mixed into food.
H Heat generation
Upon opening a food package containing AGELESS, the rapid oxidation of AGELESS may generate heat. However,
the amount of heat generated is moderate, insufficient to cause ignition or generally insufficient to cause burns.
The temperature and the amount of heat generated and the time following exposure to the air required for heat
generation depend upon the type of AGELESS and the conditions of packaging.
Safety of AGELESS®
Products: AGELESS®, AGELESS-EYE®
The main constituents of oxygen absorber AGELESS include iron powder and vitamin C, while the main constit-
uents of oxygen indicator AGELESS-EYE include inorganic salts and colorants. These constituents have been
confirmed to be safe in acute toxicity tests by official institutions such as Springborn Institute of Bioresearch
Inc., United States Testing Company and Japan Food Research Laboratories. (LD50 Value of the contents of
AGELESS is safer than salt)
The packing materials used in AGELESS and AGELESS-EYE have passed the standard regulations for food con-
tainers, plates and packing set out by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare Notice 370 issued in 1959
and Notice 20 issued in 1982 as a material that may come in direct contact with foodstuff.
In addition, some packaging materials meet CFR-21 regulation.
* If you need specific safety test data, please contact us.
Statement concerning heat ・When opening the product, oxygen absorber AGELESS® contained therein may become hot but no worries about fire. Please
generation of AGELESS® dispose as it is.
Microorganisms
Microorganisms are closely associated with the decomposition and denaturalation of food.
Therefore, when using AGELESS as a method of prevention, it is necessary to be aware of the various kinds of
microorganisms, their growth conditions and other characteristics, and the methods for suppressing their
growth. Measures must also be in place to prevent fermentation and spoilage.
“Food poisoning microorganisms” are such microorganisms that directly cause adverse effects on the human body. However, other microor-
ganisms, such as some molds, cause adverse effects on the human body through the production of toxins. “Common microorganism” do not
directly cause adverse effects on the human body, but promote food decomposition. Inhibition of microorganisms, including the growth of
common microorganisms, is important to maintain the freshness of food.
Keep the manufacturing environment clean (remove nutrients necessary for microorganism growth).
Microorganisms are unable to grow
・Perform disinfection and sterilization treatment.
unless nutrients exist. Foods are nutrients
Nutrients Disinfect and sterilize material, equipment, apparatus, containers, and wastes by the methods that
themselves, and must be kept in the state
comply with objects so that they do not serve as a source of microorganism growth.
free of contamination by microorganisms.
・Perform anti-pollution treatment on manufacturing facilities, manufacturing workers, air, etc.
Lower the water activity.
Moisture Microorganisms are unable to grow without
(Reduce the ratio of free water which microorganisms could use.)
content (water moisture (see the relationship between the
・Increase salt concentration and sugar content.
activity) kind of microorganisms and AGELESS).
・Lower moisture content.
Growth of microorganisms is active where Adjust pH.
pH
pH is around 7.0 (neutral). Lowering pH (acidic) or increasing pH (alkaline) makes microorganism difficult to grow.
In order to prevent fermentation and putrefaction, identify whether the fermentation or putrefaction is caused by primary contamination aris-
ing from materials, etc., secondary contamination by settle plate bacteria, adherent bacteria, etc., or by food properties, and then, take actions.
Usage Precautions 24
With respect to measures against Clostridium botulinum poisoning, in 2003, Ministry of Health, Labor and Wel-
fare stipulated the following guidelines: “Container packed foods whose pH exceeds 4.6 and at the same
time, whose water activity exceeds 0.94 shall be sterilized by heating by performing autoclaved steril-
ization for 4 minutes at the temperature at cores of 120°C or by a method that has effect equivalent to
or higher than this, or shall be stored at temperature not higher than 10°C.” When AGELESS is applied to
foods that fall under this category, adequate attention must be exercised.
If you have any questions about the effects of AGELESS®, do not hesitate to contact
your AGELESS® distributor or sales office.
25 Usage Precautions
AGELESS® Q&A
Q 1 Can AGELESS® be used in the frozen condition?
In the case of the freezing temperature of -25°C or lower, any type of AGELESS can be used. In this regard, how-
A. ever, the oxygen absorbing speed becomes extremely slow.
For example, at -20°C, it takes 3 to 4 weeks before the oxygen free condition is reached. Use AGELESS SS Type
to bring the oxygen free condition in a short period (3 to 5 days) under the frozen condition up to -20°C.
In the case of other types, there is a method of keeping AGELESS at room temperature or refrigerated in half a
day after being enclosed, and freezing thereafter.
In general, under freezing, the oxygen absorbing speed of AGELESS becomes slow but when the temperature
returns to room temperature, the oxygen absorbing speed returns to the original speed.
Since the amount of air is already decreased in a vacuum package, a smaller size AGELESS can be selected.
A.
However, in the case of a strong vacuum ratio, place AGELESS into a free air-flow stream, with some distance
between the product and the packaging film.
AGELESS can be used with the nitrogen gas flushing system. However, this combination will result in a slow rate
A.
of oxygen absorption due to the low initial oxygen concentration; therefore, select a larger size of AGELESS to
compensate for the delay in oxygen absorption. In addition, gas flushing will tend to result in an imbalanced re-
placement rate; therefore, when using AGELESS with gas flushing, please use a size of AGELESS larger than the
calculated size. Carbon dioxide gas replacement and mixed carbon dioxide-nitrogen gas replacement are not
recommended for use with AGELESS, as carbon dioxide will inhibit the oxygen absorption of AGELESS.
A. Yes, it can. Use AGELESS Z-PK type (ZP type for large-size containers) which is powerful in the dry condition. In
this regard, however, contact of AGELESS with a desiccant may degrade AGELESS performance. Insert AGELESS
with care to avoid contacting.
In addition, use packaging material with high gas barrier capabilities.
Q 6 Will the deoxygenation rate be affected by the location in which AGELESS® is placed in the packaging?
Yes. Generally, AGELESS will eliminate oxygen more quickly when placed directly on the product. Even with
A. self-reacting AGELESS types, deoxygenation will take longer when placed under the food tray than if placed on
the product; therefore, application tests should be conducted with AGELESS placed at the chosen location un-
der actual conditions.
I use only a small quantity of AGELESS® at a time. Will opening and closing the master bag affect
Q 7 the performance of AGELESS?
Repeated opening and closing of the master bag is not desirable, as it will cause the AGELESS to repeatedly come
A. into contact with air. We recommend that you divide the AGELESS into small quantities and place these in bags
constructed from a high gas barrier material so as to reduce the frequency of contact between AGELESS and the
atmosphere.
Q 8 We use AGELESS® for seasonal products. Can we use leftover AGELESS® for the next season?
The guarantee period of AGELESS is 6 months after the shipment.
A. This principle applies only to AGELESS kept in unopened outer bags (see page 17).
Usage Precautions 26
AGELESS and AGELESS-EYE are not foods and are inedible, but the main components of AGELESS include iron
A. powder, vitamin C, inorganic salts, colorants, and the like, and its safety is identified by the acute toxicity test
conducted by public institutions.
When the powder, content of AGELESS, is accidentally eaten or cooked together with foods and eaten, no particu-
lar treatment is required if no particular abnormal symptoms develop. If any abnormal symptoms develop, get
medical attention. This same principle applies to AGELESS-EYE, too. If a small sachet of AGELESS or AGELESS-EYE is
swallowed in whole, the sachet may hurt the esophagus or digestive organs. Get medical attention (see page 22).
Q 11 We had no problems in winter, but food spoilage occurred sooner when it became warmer.
In winter, the air temperature is low and the air is dry; consequently, the ability of microorganisms to propagate is
A. reduced. The amount of microorganisms in the production environment and the initial number of viable bacteria
are reduced, and microorganism growth during storage is suppressed; thus, food can be stored efficiently. Howev-
er, when the weather is warm, microorganisms such as yeast and facultative anaerobes, which can grow in anaero-
bic conditions, will grow rapidly and may cause earlier food spoilage.
Generally, when AGELESS is used with food susceptible to the growth of mold and food spoilage, storage testing
in winter alone is not sufficient. Please conduct storage testing of the actual packaging material again during sea-
sons with higher air temperatures, reevaluate the type and size of AGELESS used, and set the expire date accord-
ingly. Please note that AGELESS and other oxygen absorbers conduct are not effective in preventing spoilage due
to anaerobic microorganisms. You should always carefully test your product to determine whether you have a
problem with these organisms or not.
Q 14 The AGELESS® packed food bag gradually swells within the sell-by date.
This may be attributed to carbon dioxide generated by food fermentation. Fermentation occurs by yeasts that can
A. proliferate even under the deoxidized conditions and cannot be prevented by AGELESS (see page 23).
List of terms
The meanings of some terms used in this instruction manual are as follows.
When using AGELESS for an acid product, choose a type with acid resistance. Be sure to conduct a packing test since acid resis-
Acid resistance
tance is limited.
AGELESS Pack Packaging of the application the inside of which is kept in the state of oxygen free using AGELESS.
Standard number of days needed to attain the condition of oxygen free. Standard number of days needed to absorb the amount
of oxygen absorption indicated in size under determined conditions.
Deoxygenation time [Size 100 = the number of days needed to absorb 100 ml of oxygen]
In actual packaging, the figure varies according to conditions such as the position of inserting AGELESS and the application of
packaging.
Standard time for which the product can be left exposed to the air after the master bag of AGELESS is opened.
Handling time Handling time varies between loose form sachets and roll form or according to types of AGELESS.
See p.8 for details.
Loose form AGELESS separated into individual sachets, which can be used manually as they are.
Material with a high gas- Material that hardly allows oxygen or steam to pass through, such as film.
barrier property Film of polyethylene or polypropylene is not available for free oxygen packaging since they easily allow oxygen to pass through.
Amount of oxygen indicated by size. Oxygen absorber AGELESS is capable of absorbing the amount of oxygen thus indicated in a
O2 absorption capacity
set number of days.
A condition of maintaining an oxygen concentration of 0.1% or less due to the absorption of oxygen in the package by oxygen
Oxygen free condition absorber AGELESS. This is realized through continuous absorption by AGELESS of even a small amount of oxygen penetrating
through packaging material.
Packing test A test of the applications packaged with AGELESS Pack in the condition of actual distribution.
AGELESS for automatic inserters. There are roll type “R”, in which sachets are rolled around a paper tube, and belt type “B”, in which
Roll form
sachets are folded.
A number indicating O2 absorption capacity under determined conditions with ml, which serves a standard for choosing AGELESS
with appropriate O2 absorption capacity based on the amount of oxygen in the package.
Size of AGELESS For example, if 500 ml of air is contained in a package, the amount of oxygen included therein is about 100 ml, so AGELESS of size
100 will be chosen. In the case of nitrogen gas replacement packaging, the replacement rate is taken into consideration.
Note that the size of E-type and C-type represents the amount of carbon dioxide gas absorption.
Moisture in food consists of “absorbed water,” which is combined with food constituents and “free water,” which is not combined
and available for microorganisms. Water activity is a standard indicating the content of free water. The higher water activity, the
more likely microorganisms are to grow, so that the keeping quality of food deteriorates.
Water activity is indicated in a figure between 0 and 1, e.g., water activity of food not containing moisture is 0 and pure water is 1.
Water Activity (AW) Correlation between water activity and moisture content is strong, but the water activities of foods with the same moisture con-
tent vary according to the content of salt or saccharide. Particularly, addition of salt is effective in lowering water activity. For ex-
ample, when the water activity of a certain food is Aw, and the (equilibrium) relative humidity in the space where the food is
sealed is RH (%), Aw = RH / 100.
Water activity also serves a significant number in selecting a type of AGELESS.
Water resistance / When using AGELESS in direct contact with a high moisture / oil product, choose a type with water / oil resistance. Be sure to con-
Oil resistance duct a packing test since water / oil resistance is limited.
Usage Precautions 28
P RH(%)
AW= =
Po 100
Rice cakes/Dumplings
Raw noodles
Bread crumbs
Pizza crust
Steamed buns
Pancakes
Tortilla
Waffles
Bread
Castella (Japanese sponge cake)
Baked buns
Semi-dry noodles
Reference chart of Seasoned fish
water activity Swiss roll
Salami
Fermented soybeans
Baumkuchen
Soybean paste
Beef jerky/Delicacies
Rice/Coarse cereal
Dried fish/Fish flour/Flaked dried bonito
Spices
Herbal medicine
Rice biscuit
Laver (seaweed)
Butter peanuts
Tea
Coffee
Dried vegetables
Water Activity (AW) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Bacteria
Growth of mold
Z-PK FX
ZP
Type of AGELESS®
to be applied
GLS
SA
29 Peripherals
AGELESS® Peripherals
For the more versatile use of AGELESS® products
(The product is excluded from the ISO9001 quality control/assurance systems, because they are not manufactured by MGC.)
When connected to an automatic packing machine, The machine affixes double-coated adhesive tape to
pieces of AGELESS are cut from a roll and inserted one at AGELESS both packed in continuous rolls. The machine
a time. Its compact design means it can be installed and cuts the AGELESS and tape one by one in linkage with a
connected to existing packing machines. packaging machine and fixes AGELESS to the inner sur-
face of packaging film or top film of trays. There is also
adhesive system using hot melt agent. The machine can
prevent AGELESS from being accidentally ingested.
The information contained herein is general and should not take the place of the users’
own application tests. Recommendations are made without guarantee, and we must nec-
essarily disclaim all liability with respect to the use of AGELESS®, supplied by MITSUBISHI
GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC. since the conditions of use are beyond our control.
It is recommended that users of AGELESS® should carry out application tests with actual
materials and equipment in typical operational circumstances.
It is advisable, according to the FDA, to inform the consumer of the presence of the
oxygen-absorbing sachets by labeling on the outside of the food package so that the
consumer does not mistake AGELESS® as a food or as an ingredient. 2011.05