ACHING PLAN

TOEIC PREPARATION COURSE 1

(15 weeks x 4 periods = 60 periods)
SECTION I SECTION II SECTION III

WEEK UNIT
VOCABULARY INCOMPLETE READING SPEAKING
LISTENING
AND GRAMMAR TEXTS COMPREHENSION

1 UNIT 1 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 TOPIC 1.1

2 UNIT 2 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 TOPIC 1.2

3 UNIT 3 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 TOPIC 1.3

4 UNIT 4 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 TOPIC 1.4

5 UNIT 5 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 TOPIC 1.5

6 UNIT 6 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 TOPIC 1.6

7 UNIT 7 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 TOPIC 1.7

Speaking Test
8 UNIT 8 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6
(in pairs)

Speaking Test
9 UNIT 9 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6
(in pairs)

Speaking Test
10 UNIT 10 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6
(in pairs)

Speaking Test
11 UNIT 11 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6
(in pairs)

Speaking Test
12 UNIT 12 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6
(in pairs)

Speaking Test
13 UNIT 13 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6
(in pairs)

Speaking Test
14 UNIT 14 PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6
(in pairs)
- Class attendance and
midterm test results
UNIT 15 announced.
15 and PART 1, 2, 3 PART 4 PART 5 PART 6 - Submission of score-
REVIEW sheets with students’
signatures to the
General
English Department

i
 UNIT 1
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Conjunctions and Prepositions)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. He left home early--------failed to catch the train.

A. and B. therefore C. but D. or

12---------he was cooking, his wife was working in the yard.

A. If B. After C. Before D. While

13. He works to support his family---------he is in his seventies.

A. because of B. despite C. although D. because

14. You have broken the code of confidentiality;--------, you must take
responsibility.
A. because B. therefore C. however D. so

15 I arrived in town, I called her up.

A. As well as B. As long as C. As soon as D. As far as

16. We were--------late that we missed the business meeting that took place an hour
ago.
A. such B. too C. very D. so

17. I haven’t seen him--------ages.

A. with B. for C. during D. until

18. The flight from Paris arrives--------noon.

A. in B. at C. on D. within

19. Our offices are open--------9 a.m. to 6 p.m.

A. by B. from C. between D. at

20. Mr. Taylor was hired because he has a background--------hotel

management.
A. on B. at C. over D. in

2
 Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following passage.

Experts say it is very important for children over the age of six to develop a hobby or
(21) ------- part in a club. Children can learn important social skills (22)--------doing
(A) join (A) during
(B) take (B) despite
(C) participate (C) while
(D) enter (D) provided
something they enjoy. Even though your child is playing, she will learn skills like
turn taking, losing well, and following rules. Hobbies and clubs are vital for the (23) -------
(A) be developed
(B) develop
(C) developed
(D) development
of your child.

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following form.
Subscribe now!
Receive Business Times in your home every month!
Six months – pay only $26 One year – pay only $45 Two years – pay only $75
Name: Helena Bishop Address:1776 Washington Street
Eugene, OR42308

Check one: 6 months X one year two years

Payment method: check money order X credit card

24. What is Business Times?

(A) A TV show (B) A book (C) A magazine (D) A radio program
25. How much will Helena Bishop pay?
(A) $26 (B) $45 (C) $75 (D) $90
26. How will she pay?
(A) By check (B) By money order (C) By credit card (D) In cash

3
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following letter and table.
From:
gordon_billings@effron.com To:
andrew_fisk@effron.com
Date: Feb 11
Subject: March
visit
Dear Andrew,
During my visit next month, I would like to discuss some of the different approaches
to improving sales that were discussed at last month’s sales conference. I would
appreciate if you set aside the whole day on 3 March so that I can meet with you and
your sales staff. I am including the most recent sales figures for last year for you to
review before my visit.
See you next
Sales of Effron Vehicles
Jan – Mar Apr – Jun Jul – Aug Sep – Dec Total Sales
Excelsior 756 598 899 465* 2718
Avenger 1024 1245 995 1523 4787
Townstar 3484 4756 6498 3156 17894
Pucchino 4735 4986 6512 4720 20953
* model discontinued in November

27. Who sent this e-mail?

(A) Andrew Fisk
(B) Gordon Billings
(C) Peter Brown
(D) Andrew Martin
28. Which model sold the greatest number overall?
(A) Avenger
(B) Pucchino
(C) Townstar
(D) Excelsior
29. Which was the most successful period for sales of the Pucchino?
(A) Jul – Aug
(B) Jan – March
(C) Apr – Jun
(D) Sep – Dec
30. How many Excelsiors were sold in December?
(A) 465
(B) 0
(C) 565
(D) 765

4
SECTION III: SPEAKING
TOPIC 1.1
TALK ABOUT YOURSELF

Suggested questions

1. What’s your full name? How do you spell your first/middle/last name?

.........................................................................................................................................

2. When is your birthday? When were you born?

.........................................................................................................................................

3. Where do you come from?

.........................................................................................................................................

4. What do you do?/What’s your occupation/job?

.........................................................................................................................................

5. What is your major at Lac Hong University?

.........................................................................................................................................

6. What year are you in?

.........................................................................................................................................

7. When will you graduate from Lac Hong University?

.........................................................................................................................................

8. What is your hobby? What do you want to do in your free time?

.........................................................................................................................................

9. What do you want to do and where do you want to work in the future? Why?

Why not

.........................................................................................................................................

10. What have you done to prepare for your future?

.........................................................................................................................................

5
 UNIT2
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Present Tenses)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. They walked--------the mud.

A. though B. through C. thorough D. thoroughly

12---------it was raining, they went outside.

A. Though B. Through C. Thorough D. Thoroughly

13. She has--------finished her homework.

A. yet B. been C. already D. hard

14. Don’t forget your umbrella. It often---------in London.

A. rains B. is raining C. rain D. doesn’t rain

15. Markus---------all our meetings.

A. attends hardly B. at the moment attends
C. often attend D. usually attends

16. I--------the bus this week because my car broke down yesterday.
A. am taking B. took C. takes D. take

17. His parents--------him to study Latin and Greek.

A. doesn’t want B. wants C. want D. they want

18. It’s the best movie-------.

A. I never see B. I didn’t see C. I have ever seen D. have you seen

19. How long--------your girlfriend?

A. have you known B. do you know C. has you known D. you knew

20. So far, the company--------3,000 cassette players.

A. sold B. has sold C. was selling D. sells

6
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
memo.
To: All employees
From: Management
This is a reminder about the next general meeting. There will be a meeting for
employees (21)---------9:30 a.m. on Wednesday, June 25th.
(A) on
(B) in
(C) at
(D) by
All employees must attend. Please (22)--------John Fisher in the payroll office if you
(A) notify
(B) talk
(C) repeat
(D) speak
cannot attend. If you have not told him (23)--------, please tell him before Tuesday
(A) now
(B) since
(C) yet
(D) though
afternoon. The meeting will be held in the main conference room.

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following advertisement.
ABC Market
Sale – this weekend only
Fresh Oranges - $
1.50/kilo Fresh Apples - $
1.75/kilo Beef - $ 10.25/2
kilos Chicken - $ 4.25/kilo
Cookies - $ 2.50/bag OR buy 2 bags, get the third bag free!
Store hours:
M-F 8:30-6:30 Sat. & Sun. 12-5
24. What kind of business is advertised? 25. When is the sale?
(A) A grocery store (A) Today
(B) A school supply store (B) Monday through Friday
(C) A restaurant (C) Saturday and Sunday
(D) A bakery (D) All week
26. The word “Fresh” in line 3 is closest in meaning to -------
(A) Inexpensive (B) Colorful (C) Newly picked (D) Special
7
 Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following chart and letter.

Peter’s Diet (kilograms)

At the beginning of the year, I decided to lose weight. In January and February, I
began swimming twice a week in order to burn off some calories. In May, I spent a
week in Mexico and gained back some of this lost weight by eating too many tacos. In
the summer, I began eating more vegetables instead of meat. Twelve months later, I
feel quite satisfied with my weight loss.

27. How much did Peter weigh in May?

(A) 98 kg
(B) 95 kg
(C) 93 kg
(D) 90 kg
28. How much did Peter weigh at the end of the year?
(A) 110 kg
(B) 40 kg
(C) 60 kg
(D) 75 kg
29. How often did Peter go swimming?
(A) Twice a week
(B) January
(C) For two months
(D) For twelve months
30. Where did Peter gain weight?
(A) At the gym
(B) In May
(C) In Mexico
(D) On his coffee break

8
SECTION III: SPEAKING

TOPIC 1.2
FAMILY

Suggested questions

1. How many people are there in your family? Who are they?

........................................................................................................................................

2. Whom in your family do you resemble/look like?

........................................................................................................................................

3. Which members in your family do you feel closest to? Why?

........................................................................................................................................

4. How much time do you spend with your family every day?

........................................................................................................................................

5. What do you usually do with your family?

........................................................................................................................................

6. What do your parents do? What are your parents’ jobs?

........................................................................................................................................

7. What do your parents usually do in their free time?

........................................................................................................................................

8. Which member of your family has the most influence on you? Why?

........................................................................................................................................

9. Do you like to live near or far from your family when you get married? Why?

........................................................................................................................................

10. Talk about one of the most unforgettable memories you have had with your family?

........................................................................................................................................

9
 UNIT 3
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Past Tenses)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. George---------some money from the bank yesterday.

A. borrowed B. lent C. sent D. passed

10. Could you--------me a pen, please?

A. borrow B. lend C. lent D. sent

11. The politician made--------to the people to cut taxes.

A. a promise B. an appointment C. a date D. a meeting

12. My boss--------on a business trip last Friday.

A. go B. goes C. gone D. went

13. Last week, he successfully---------the project.

A. finishes B. finish C. finished D. will finish

14. The Paris branch of our bank--------five years ago.

A. opens B. has opened C. opened D. was opening

15. When I called on her, Mary--------her room.

A. cleaned B. cleans C. were cleaning D. was cleaning

16. Before they submitted the proposal, they--------a lot of research for it.
A. has done B. had done C. will have done D. done

17. Sam--------for a job when I met him.

A. is looking B. are looking C. was looking D. were looking

18. I--------that movie before last night.

A. did not see B. has not seen C. had not seen D. will see

10
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
New Opening Hours
Sun Valley Shopping Mall customers: please note our new opening hours.
As you know, we (21)--------open at 8.30 a.m. on weekdays, and at 10 a.m. on
weekends.
(A) are used to
(B) used to
(C) had to
(D) wanted to
(22) January 31st, we are opening at 10 a.m. every day. Last year, we had few
(A) On
(B) At
(C) In
(D) From
customers before 10 a.m., so we decided to change our hours. We are sorry for this
change, but (23)--------that shopping at the mall will be even more fun.
(A) say
(B) try on
(C) promise
(D) let
Look out for some special events and offers coming soon!
notice.

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following ad.
Birthday Parties!
The State Art Center will make your party educational, fun and memorable!
Party Themes: All parties are appropriate for both boys and girls.
You need to be approved by your parents.

24. Who offers the advertised parties?

(A) A youth center (B) An art center
(C) A school (D) A museum
25. What is NOT being promised for parties?
(A) Fun (B) Educational
(C) Adventurous (D) Memorable
26. What is required to hold a party?
(A) Deposit money (B) Teacher's guidance
(C) Parents' approval (D) Prior registration

11
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following advertisement and email.
Wanted: Private Chinese Tutor
My husband, two children, and I need a Chinese teacher because we are
moving to Hong Kong next summer. The teacher must come for one hour on
Monday, Wednesday, and Thursday evenings. We have some background in
Chinese vocabulary and grammar, so we need to focus our classes on writing
and conversation. We are willing to pay $20 an hour to the right person.
Email Deb at chinafan@mailnet.com.

To: chinafan@mailnet.com
From:lilywong@chinmail.net
Subject: Tutor
Date: August 30th
Dear Deb,
I am a Chinese teacher from Hong Kong. I am now a student here in New
Zealand. I taught Chinese in my home country, so I have a lot of experience.
I am free every evening. I am very interested in meeting you and your family.
Please call me on 09-993-444.
Lily Wong
27. Who wrote the advertisement?
(A) The husband
(B) The wife
(C) The children
(D) The teacher
28. Why do they need a teacher?
(A) They are moving to another country.
(B) They are taking a trip to Hong Kong.
(C) They are Chinese.
(D) They have two children.
29. How much do they want to pay per week?
(A) $20
(B) $30
(C) $40
(D) $60
30. What did Lily Wong do before she moved to New Zealand?
(A) She was a student.
(B) She was a teacher.
(C) She was free every evening.
(D) She lived in Hong Kong.

12
SECTION III: SPEAKING

TOPIC 1.3
HOMETOWN

Suggested questions

1. Where is your hometown?

.........................................................................................................................................

2. What is your hometown famous for?

.........................................................................................................................................

3. What are the people in your hometown like?

.........................................................................................................................................

4. What is the specialty/special food in the region where you live?

.........................................................................................................................................

5. What do you like/dislike about your hometown?

.........................................................................................................................................

6. Which places in your hometown do you like to go to in your spare time?

.........................................................................................................................................

7. What tourist attractions are famous in your hometown?

.........................................................................................................................................

8. What are the recent changes in your hometown? And what changes do you

wish to make for the betterment of your hometown?

.........................................................................................................................................

9. Do you want to return to your hometown after your graduation? Why? Why not?

.........................................................................................................................................

10. If you had a choice, where would you like to live and work? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

13
 UNIT 4
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Future Tenses)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. ICD Co. will--------a new product next year.

A. remain B. conduct C. launch D. renew

10. Wine is usually kept in a -------

A. collar B. cellar C. cell D. ceiling

11. The guard asked them not to lean against the-------.

A. argument B. railing C. a wall D. lesson

12. Hopefully, the package---------in a few days.

A. arrive B. arrived C. will arrive D. arriving

13. Wait a minute. I--------this box for you.

A. am carrying B. will carry C. carry D. am going to carry

14. At this time tomorrow, Peter--------for the graduation examination.

A. will sit B. will be sitting C. sits D. will have sat

15. By the time he retires next month, he--------for our company for ten years.
A. will have been working B. will work
C. has worked D. could work

16. Jane--------at my house when you arrive.

A. will B. have been C. will be D. will have

17. The students-------chapter 5 next week, so they are reading to prepare for it now.
A. have studied B. shall study C. will studying D. will study

18. I think by the time we get there, Jim-------.

A. will have left B. has left C. will leave D. left

14
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following

Dear Mr. Lee,

I am so sorry that we (21)---------a mistake while processing your order last week.
(A) made
(B) makes
(C) making
(D) has made
I understand this caused a terrible inconvenience for your business. I (22)-----the product
(A) sent
(B) will send
(C) sending
(D) has sent
you ordered as soon as possible as well as a free gift. Once again, I am (23)
about
(A) sorry
(B) apologize
(C) request
(D) regret
the inconvenience, and I hope to continue to do business with you for years.
letter.
Part 6: Reading Comprehension
Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following checklist.

 To-Do-List
October 14
 Check my e-mail box
 Cancel the product presentation
 Reserve a taxi for tomorrow (6:30 a.m.)
 Confirm next week’s meeting in London
 Phone Francois Leclerc (do it 1st thing in the morning)
 Book room at the Imperial Hotel
 Business Lunch with Mr. Tanaka
 Buy flowers for Susana
 Expect Mr. Muller to ring up at 10:30 sharp
24. What kind of information is mentioned in this document?
(A) Details of a train reservation (B) Tasks to be completed
(C) Phone numbers (D) Book titles
25. What is planned for today?
(A) A meeting in London (B) A presentation
(C) A hotel reservation (D) A business dinner
26. Who will phone this morning?
(A) Mr. Leclerc (B) Mr. Muller (C) Susana (D) Mr. Tanaka
15
 Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following agenda and e-mail.
Multiple Marketing, Inc.
Department Heads Meeting
Monday, April 15 4:00 p.m.
Place: Company Cafeteria
AGENDA
1. Budget report
Marguerite Rodin
2. Fall conference plans
Cindy Lee
3. New hiring policy
Yasser Ahmed
4. Office supplies issues
Jan Petersen

To: From: Subject:

Sam Blair Rose Daniels
Yesterday’s Meeting

_ Mr. Blair,
The meeting yesterday went as planned, for the most parts. It started on time and everyone was the
Rose

27. Where was the meeting held?

(A) In the cafeteria (B) In the director’s office
(C) In the conference room (D) In the lounge
28. Who did NOT attend the meeting?
(A) Sam Blair (B) Rose Daniels
(C) Jan Petersen (D) Marguerite Rodin
29. What time did the meeting end?
(A) 4:00 (B) 4:15 (C) 6:00 (D) 6:30
30. When will the next meeting be held?
(A) April 15 (B) April 18 (C) May 15 (D) May 18

16
SECTION III: SPEAKING

TOPIC 1.4
FRIENDS
Suggested questions

1. How many close friends do you have? Describe one of your closest friends.

........................................................................................................................................

2. What do you usually do with your friends?

........................................................................................................................................

3. How do you keep in touch with your long-distance friends?

........................................................................................................................................

4. Is it good to make friends over the Internet? Why? Why not?

........................................................................................................................................

5. What factors may result in the breakdown of friendship?

........................................................................................................................................

6. What should you do to maintain a good friendship?

........................................................................................................................................

7. What do you think are important qualities of a good friend?

........................................................................................................................................

8. Do you think friends are necessary to us? Why? Why not?

........................................................................................................................................

9. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having many friends?

........................................................................................................................................

10. How do you understand the proverb: “A friend in need is a friend indeed”?

........................................................................................................................................

17
 UNIT 5
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Auxiliaries)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.
9. It’s raining. You should--------an umbrella when you leave.
A. take B. bring C. wear D. take out

10. Please-------your girlfriend to my birthday party held at my house tomorrow

evening.
A. wear B. bring C. take D. hold

11. What did she--------you to do?

A. say B. speak C. advice D. tell

12. The game--------finish in two hours.

A. will B. want C. ought D. have to

13. I’d better--------to bed now to get up early in the morning.

A. go B. going C. to go D. went

16 you bring me my red sweater, please?

A. Do B. Must C. Should D. Could

17. You--------cross the road yet.

A. ought not to B. not ought to C. ought to not D. don’t ought
to

18. We would--------out. It’s freezing outside.

A. not rather go B. rather not go
C. not rather to go D. rather not to go

19---------you like coffee or tea?

A. Would B. Could C. Should D. Shall

20. This time next year, she will--------play the piano very well.
A. can B. be capable C. be able to D. ought to
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following complaint form.
Pentagon’s Restaurants Customer Comments Form Date of visit: Jan 31st
Time of visit: 11 a.m.
Branch name: Rochester High Street
Comments
This is the first (21)I have eaten at Pentagon’s. However, I think it will also be
(A) time(B) event(C) turn(D) eating
the last. I had to wait thirty minutes for my food. I had to ask the waitress four times before she bro
(A) had(B) was(C) do(D) could
friend because of the noise from the kitchen. The staff (23)shouting and yelling at

(A) ought not (B) had to (C) were (D) did

each other the whole time. I asked to speak to the manager, but he was not available. The food wa

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following notice.

Free Price Quote

Complete this simple and FREE quote request form.
Receive customized price quotes in 1-3 business days.
Select the best solutions to save time and money.

24. What is required to receive price quotes?

(A) To pay some fees (B) To complete a form
(C) To fill out a survey (D) To register as a member
25. How long will it take to get the price quote?
(A) A week (B) Four days
(C) 24 to 72 hours (D) Twelve hours
26. What is true about the request form?
(A) It's lengthy. (B) It's complex.
(C) It's confidential. (D) It's simple.

23
 Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following schedule and e-mail.
High-Speed Train Service
Mitteldorf-Kohlberg Line
LV MITTELDORF ARR KOHLBERG
5:45* 10:30
7:30** 11:50
8:15 12:35
11:00** 3:20
12:20* 5:05
4:35 8:55

Times listed in bold are P.M.

* Makes intermediate stops at Badstein and Grauling
ednesday, and Friday only Reservations are required on all trains. One-way ticket prices as of April 1: Business C
Tourist Class: $135
Round-trip fares are double the one-way fare.

To: From: Subject:

Park Travel Agency Hilda Heinz
Train ticket

_ Dear Mr. Park,

Thank you for forwarding the train schedule to me. I’m not an early riser, but I need to be in Kohlberg b
Thank you, as always, for your kind and efficient service. Hilda Heinz

27. What time does the earliest train arrive?

(A) 3:20 (B) 5:05 (C) 8:55 (D) 10:30
28. How long is a nonstop trip between Mitteldorf and Kohlberg?
(A) Three and a half hours (B) Four hours and twenty minutes
(C) Four hours and forty-five minutes (D) Five and a half hours
29. Which train does Ms. Heinz plan to take on Tuesday?
(A) 5:45 (B) 7:30 (C) 8:15 (D) 11:00
30. When does Ms. Heinz want to arrive in Mitteldorf on her return?
(A) As early as possible (B) Before noon
(C) In the early afternoon (D) In the late afternoon

24
SECTION III: SPEAKING

TOPIC 1.5
CHILDHOOD

Suggested questions

1. How was your childhood?

.........................................................................................................................................

2. What did you like/dislike doing when you were a child? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

3. What was your favorite toy when you were a child? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

4. What kinds of games did you like to play when you were a child? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

5. What did you often do in your childhood?

.........................................................................................................................................

6. When you were a child, what did you dream to be?

.........................................................................................................................................

7. What did/didn’t you like your parents to do for you when you were a child?

.........................................................................................................................................

8. What were you good/bad at when you were a child?

.........................................................................................................................................

9. What is your best memory about your childhood?

.........................................................................................................................................

10. If you could, would you return to your childhood? Why? Why not?

.........................................................................................................................................

25
 UNIT 6
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Active and Passive)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. They--------a conference once a month.

A. hold B. send C. wear D. dedicate

10. All the windows in the office are-------.

A. reached B. broken C. taken D. held

11. New software--------regularly by the team.

A. are sent B. were posted C. was retired D. is installed

12. The club president--------seriously ill.

A. is said B. is said to be C. is said for being D. is said being

13. Chinese--------by more than one billion people all over the world.
A. speaks B. is speaking C. spoken D. is spoken

14. The prisoner--------yesterday.

A. released B. has released C. was released D. has been released

15. The cutting down of trees--------to prevent forest destruction.

A. should control well B. should be well-controlled
C. would control well D. controlling

16. I am looking for the report which--------on this desk.

A. placed B. has been placed C. was placing D. has placed

17. Preparations---------before the competition started.

A. had made B. had being made
C. had been made D. had been making

18. The money--------soon after I receive my salary.

A. will give Peter B. will be given Peter
C. will be given to Peter D. will have given to Peter

26
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
Best Buy, Inc.
3452 Seaside Street
Seattle
Dear Mr. Denis Lee,
We thank you for your order from Best Buy. We are glad to (21)---------your order for
(A) meet
(B) met
(C) meeting
(D) be meet
ten printers, three copy machines, and two fax machines. Since this is your first
order, we (22)-------a special 20% discount coupon for you. You can use this on your
next
(A) evaluate
(B) dedicate
(C) cancel
(D) enclose
purchase. We are certain you will be (23)------with the quality of both our products
(A) satisfy
(B) satisfying
(C) satisfied
(D) satisfaction
and services.
We hope to do more business with you soon.
Sincerely,
John Hopkins
Sales Manager
letter.
Part 6: Reading Comprehension
Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following article.
According to a new report, people now work more hours than before. Ten years ago,
most professional people worked 40 hours a week or less. Now, 75% of
professionals work 50 hours a week or more, and 15% of professionals work 55
hours a week or more. Researchers in the Labor Department released these numbers
last week.
24. Who is the report about?
(A) Laborers (B) Professionals (C) All workers (D) Researchers
25. Ten years ago, how many hours a week did most professional people work?
(A) 40 or less (B) 50 or more (C) 55 or more (D) 75 or less
26. When did researchers report these figures?
(A) Yesterday (B) 7 days ago (C) 15 days ago (D) 10 years ago
27
 Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following two messages.
While you were out …
To: Harry Pak
Pamela Lopez of One World called.
Time: 11:15 a.m.
About: Your upcoming trip.

She can’t get you a flight on Tuesday morning. There is a flight late Tuesday
afternoon and one on Wednesday morning. Which do you prefer? Also, she can get
you a room at the Grand Hotel, as you requested, but she can get you a better deal at
the Marionette Hotel or the Riverside Hotel. Which hotel do you prefer? What day
do you want to return? Please let her know before 3:00 this afternoon.

While you were out …

To: Pamela Lopez

Harry Pak of Pak and Associates called.
Time: 12:30 p.m.
About: flights and hotels.

About the flight, he’ll take the second option, but he’ll stay with his first choice for
his hotel. He plans to stay the weekend and would like a flight back on Monday
evening, arriving no later than 8:30, if possible. Also, he has a vacation next month
and would like to go to the beach. Can you look into travel arrangements for him?

27. What is Pamela Lopez’s job?

(A) Secretary
(B) Hotel clerk
(C) Travel agent
(D) Airline ticket agent
28. What time did Pamela Lopez call Harry Pak?
(A) 3:00 (B) 8:30 (C) 11:15 (D) 12:30
29. When does Harry Pak want to start his trip?
(A) Monday evening (B) Tuesday morning
(C) Tuesday afternoon (D) Wednesday morning
30. When will Mr. Pak take a vacation at the beach?
(A) Next weekend
(B) Next week
(C) Next month
(D) Next year

28
SECTION III: SPEAKING

TOPIC 1.6
STUDENT LIFE
Suggested questions

1. What is your student life like? Do you like it? Why? Why not?

........................................................................................................................................

2. What do you like to do after school?

........................................................................................................................................

3. Do you think that students should have part-time jobs? Why? Why not?

........................................................................................................................................

4. Where do you prefer to live: in or outside the dormitory? Why?

........................................................................................................................................

5. What is the main duty of students?

........................................................................................................................................

6. How do you like your classroom facilities?

........................................................................................................................................

7. Do you join any extra curriculum activities? What activities do you like most?

........................................................................................................................................

8. What problems do students usually face with?

........................................................................................................................................

9. Do you think that student life today is better than that in the past?

........................................................................................................................................

10. What do you think the university needs to do for the improvement of students’ life?

........................................................................................................................................

29
 UNIT 7
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Negation & Inversion)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. I--------what he is doing now.

A. wander B. wonder C. hope D. wandering

10. Let’s--------through the park today.

A. wander B. wonder C. to wonder D. wandering

11. I can’t--------the time away from work.

A. effect B. affect C. afford D. effort

12. She never--------mountains during the winter.

A. doesn’t climb B. climbing C. not climbs D. climbs

13. They prefer--------through the streets at night.

A. walking not B. not to walking C. not walking D. not walk

14. There are--------workers picking cotton in the field.

A. not B. no C. not never D. no never

15. Never--------such good music before.

A. I have heard B. I would have heard C. have I heard D. will I hear

18---------that he got a promotion last week.

A. So well did he B. So well did he work
C. So well did he have worked D. So good did he work

19. I get along well with the manager,-------.

A. so is John B. and neither does John
C. and so John does D. and John does, too

20---------careful is John that he seldom, if never, makes mistakes.

A. So B. Very C. Hardly D. Rarely

30
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
To: sspt09@ccu.co
From: tatkins@netto.com
Subject: Contract
Date: June 3rd

Dear Mr. Conrad,

I am writing to you (21)-------the contract we made last week. In the contract, you
(A) about (B) of (C) along (D) in
promised (22)--------use any workers without consulting me first. However, this
(A) to not (B) to don’t (C) to didn’t (D) not to
morning I found two new workers on the building site. I (23)------met them before,
(A) am not (B) will not (C) had not (D) be not
and I was not told about them. I do not want a repeat of this. Please honor our
contract. I am very disappointed by this.

Tom Atkins
email.

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following note.

NOTE
In order to make your stay more enjoyable, we inform our guests that this elevator is
being renovated until September 1 at 12:00 p.m.
We are sorry for the inconvenience that may be caused.

24. Where would this notice most likely be seen?

(A) In the street (B) In a hotel (C) In a hospital (D) On a bus
25. What will happen on September 1?
(A) The renovation period will continue. (B) The renovation period will begin.
(C) The elevator will be replaced. (D) The elevator will be back in service.
26. What is said about the current situation?
(A) It is very hopeless. (B) It is very pleasant.
(C) It is temporary. (D) It will never improve.

31
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following two emails.

From: Sue <sues@hanmail.com>

Sent: May 23rd
To: funnyboy <george@yahoo.com>
Subject: pics
Hi there, George! Thanks for sending those pictures. Your new daughter is so cute!
She was born last month, wasn’t she? What does her older brother think of her? Is
he happy to have a sister? Even if he isn’t now, I’m sure he will be later. Anyway, I
should get back to work. Keep those pictures coming.
Love
Sue

From: funnyboy <george@yahoo.ca>

Sent: May 23rd
To: Sue <sues@hanmail.com>
Subject: Re: pics
Hi Sue,
Glad you liked the pictures. David loves his new sister. He wants to play with her all
the time. He can’t understand why she can’t talk yet! I’ll be sending a lot more
pictures, so you can look forward to those. This office is so busy today. We have
some important clients visiting. We’d like to invite you and Morris to come over
some time.
Take care,
George

27. When was George’s daughter born?

(A) This month (B) Yesterday (C) May (D) April
28. How many children does George have?
(A) One (B) None (C) Two (D) Three
29. What did George send Sue?
(A) A card (B) Photos (C) A gift (D) A phone message
30. Where is George probably writing this email?
(A) At work (B) In a public library
(C) In an Internet café (D) At home

32
SECTION III: SPEAKING
TOPIC 1.7
LEARNING ENGLISH
Suggested questions

1. Do you like learning English? Why? Why not?

.........................................................................................................................................

2. Do you think English is difficult or easy to learn? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

3. How long have you been learning English?

.........................................................................................................................................

4. How often do you practise your English?

.........................................................................................................................................

5. Whom do you practise English with?

.........................................................................................................................................

6. What is the most difficult thing about learning English? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

7. In your opinion, what is the best way to learn English? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

8. Do you use the Internet to learn English? Why? Why not?

.........................................................................................................................................

9. Who speaks English in the world? What country is the best place to study

English? Why?

.........................................................................................................................................

10. Do you think English will help you advance in your career?

.........................................................................................................................................

33
 UNIT 8
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Gerunds & Infinitives)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. Soccer is--------to play

A. funny B. fun C. sad D. joy

10. The comedian is-------.

A. funny B. fun C. delight D. joy

11. Please--------me to stretch before I exercise.

A. mind B. remember C. remind D. rejoice

12. No one can leave the classroom until the guilty student admits--------the money.
A. steal B. stealing C. to steal D. stolen

13. Jack Anderson was caught--------a match at the time of the fire. He was accused of
------- the fire.
A. to hold / set B. held / setting C. holding / to set D. holding / setting

14. It is no use ------- that car. It would be cheaper--------a new one.

A. repair / bought B. repairing / buy C. to repair / buying D. repairing / to buy

15. I will make an effort-------.

A. stopping smoking B. stop smoke C. to stop smoking D. stop smoking

16. I am not sure if I have met Mr. Martino, but I remember--------about his name.
A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard

17. I regret ------- the lecture. It was not worth-------.

A. attending / to listen B. to attend / listening
C. to attend / to listen D. attending / listening

18. She was so nice and gentle that he couldn’t help--------in love with her.
A. fall B. falling C. to fall D. fallen

34
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
To:
From: Alice Carter < Subject: Delivery
Date: August 2nd Hi Sally,
I just want you to know about the delivery of cotton for the dresses you are making. I’m sorry for the de
(A) buy(B) lend(C) send(D) make
Friday, August 6th. I (22)to the supplier, but he denied receiving the order.
(A) complained(B) suggested(C) returned(D) telephoned
In fact, I had to place the order again, but this time there were no problems. Please let me know if it does not

(A) fun (B) amusing (C) pleasure (D) enjoying

Sincerely, Alice Carter

email.
Part 6: Reading Comprehension
Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following notice.
Recommended Dosage: For adults, take 2 tablets every 4 hours. Do not take more
than 12 tablets within 24 hours. For children under 12, take one tablet every 4 hours;
not to exceed 6 tablets in 24 hours.
Warning: Do not exceed the recommended dosage. If symptoms persist after one
week, or if a patient experiences a stomach upset or other unexpected side effects,
discontinue use and consult a physician.
Do not use this product if you have history with diabetes, high blood pressure, heart
disease, or if you are pregnant or attempting to become pregnant. Do not take this
product for more than 2 weeks.
24. What kind of the product are these directions for?
(A) Cosmetics (B) Medicine (C) Machine (D) Shoes
25. Who should NOT take the tablets above?
(A) A woman who wants to have a baby
(B) An 11-year-old girl
(C) A man who has low blood pressure
(D) A college student who studies for 12 hours a day
26. If you had two tablets at 9 o’clock in the morning, when and how many tablets
should you take next?
(A) 2 tablets at 10 in the morning (B) 3 tablets at noon
(C) 2 tablets at 1 in the afternoon (D) 4 tablets at 4 in the afternoon

35
 Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following poster and email.

JOIN OUR CLUB!

Do you like to act, sing, and dance? Would you like to meet a new group of friends
as dramatic as you are? If so, then please join our performers’ club. We meet every
Wednesday evening from seven o’clock to nine o’clock at the Clark City
Community Center. We can promise you a great night! Everyone is welcome. We
look forward to seeing you there! Email us at performclub@stagenet.com.

To: performclub@stagenet.com
From: mgreen@happnet.net
Subject: Performers’ Club
Date: September 13th
I would like to join the performers’ club because I love singing, acting, and dancing.
However, I am worried that my singing and dancing are not good enough. Is it OK
to join even if I am not very good? Please let me know.
Thank you,
Mary Green

27. Who can join the performers’ club?

(A) Anyone
(B) Only men
(C) Only women
(D) No one
28. How long do club meetings last?
(A) Once a week
(B) Two hours
(C) At seven o’clock
(D) On Wednesday evening
29. How often do they meet?
(A) Every day
(B) Three times a week
(C) Twice a week
(D) Once a week
30. Why is Mary Green worried?
(A) She can’t find the community center.
(B) She is not a good singer.
(C) She is very dramatic.
(D) She is not good at meeting new people.

36
 UNIT 9
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Subject – Verb Agreement)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. I fell asleep--------the movie.

A. during B. for C. since D. until

10. She will stay in Europe--------two weeks.

A. during B. for C. since D. until

11. My boss is a good-------.

A. employee B. employer C. worker D. staff

12. Learning foreign languages--------a lot of time.

A. require B. requires C. have required D. are requiring

13. Women--------not well-treated in former days.

A. was B. are C. were D. is been

14. Many people claim that health--------more important than wealth.

A. are B. shall be C. have been D. is

15. The news from the destroyed villages--------so bad.

A. was B. were C. are D. have been

16. Rickets--------popular among some countries in Africa.

A. is B. are C. were D. have been

17. Two thirds of the land--------to a rich businessman.

A. are sold B. is selling C. has been sold D. have been sold

18. The number of students attending the lecture--------one hundred and twenty-two.
A. is B. are C. be D. were

37
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
letter.
Woodworks
23 Culver Lane
Westford
12034
Alice Burns
934 Garden Highway
Fremont
Dear Ms. Burns,
Thank you for your recent enquiries about “Woodworks”. Woodworks (21) -------
(A) are (B) be (C) is (D) has
a small family-owned company. We are in our sixth year of business. We
specialize in hand-carved pieces. We (22)---------local wood and make sure three
(A) uses (B) use (C) used to (D) using
trees are planted to replace every tree we use. Woodworks has its own forest, and
all of our products are made from trees that grow there. As you say, we are a little
expensive. However, we make a unique, high-quality product. Every piece we
make is designed individually. It takes about six months to make (23)-------of our
(A) every (B) everyone (C) each (D) anyone
products. Of course, this costs a lot of money.
Please enjoy the enclosed catalog.
Sincerely,
Emma Richards
Part 6: Reading Comprehension
Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following invitation.
WEDDING INVITATION
James Peterson and Susan Gelding formally announce their wedding ceremony
on the seventeenth of June on a small beach at Pebble Beach, California.
You are cordially invited to join us for the ceremony by the sea starting at 9:00
a.m. A reception will follow at two o’clock in the Humboldt Room at the Coastal
Inn in
Carmel, California.
Please wear casual attire for both the wedding and reception.
24. What is the family name of Please RSVP by May 10.
the bride?
(A) James (B) Peterson (C) Susan (D) Gelding
25. When is the wedding ceremony going to be held?
(A) May 10 (B) June 7 (C) June 17 (D) Not shown
26. Where is the reception going to be held?
(A) On a beach (B) At the Humboldt Inn
(C) At Pebble Beach (D) In Carmel
38
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following two letters.

Dear Jenny,
It's been a long time since I last saw you. A lot of things have happened
since then. I got a new job working at a toy company. It's more interesting
than my old job at the post office. I also got a new apartment. It's nice
and big. If you have time, you should come and visit me soon. I have a
vacation next month, so you could visit me then. Call me soon!
Love,
Sarah

Dear Sarah,
It was great to get your letter. My classes are going well, and I got an A
in every subject this semester. The winter vacation starts next month.
I have to find a part-time job, so I won't have much free time. Maybe
I will have more time during the summer vacation to visit you. I'll call
you next week.
Take care,
Jenny

27. Where does Sarah work now?

(A) At a restaurant
(B) In an apartment
(C) At a toy company
(D) At the post office
28. When does Sarah have a vacation?
(A) In one week
(B) In one month
(C) In three months
(D) Next year
29. What does Sarah ask Jenny to do?
(A) Call her
(B) Work at the post office
(C) Go to the toy company
(D) Get a new apartment
30. Which of the following is probably NOT true?
(A) Jenny will visit Sarah next month.
(B) Jenny is a student.
(C) Jenny and Sarah are friends.
(D) Sarah likes her new job.

39
 UNIT 10
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Nouns & Pronouns)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. He often drinks--------wine before going to bed so that he sleeps well.

A. a little B. a few C. little D. many

10. He ate--------cookies yesterday.

A. a little B. a few C. few D. much

11. We want to see--------new shoes.

A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself

12. I finished writing my report, but--------hasn’t finished his yet.

A. him B. he C. his D. himself

13. Please inform--------of any schedule changes.

A. I B. my C. mine D. me

14. These are my teachers---------names are Paul and Rita.

A. They B. Their C. Them D. Theirs

15. Her mobile phone is broken, so she borrowed-------.

A. I B. my C. mine D. me

16. Jenifer Lee said that she prefers traveling by--------to traveling with lots of people.
A. herself B. himself C. itself D. her

17. We asked Ms. Lee if--------would come back later.

A. she B. her C. hers D. herself

18. The assistant decided to deal with the problem by-------.

A. he B. him C. his D. himself

40
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
memo.

Memo
To: All employees
From: Staff catering
Re: Staff cafeteria
Date: August 24th

We regret to inform you that we have to close (21)--------new staff cafeteria. We don’t

(A) our

(B) their

(C) ours

(D) mine
know when we can (22) ------- it again. Yesterday, twenty people became very
(A) close
(B) open
(C) redo
(D) shut
sick after eating their lunch at the cafeteria. They have severe food poisoning.
Most of them are now OK, but some of them are still in the hospital. This is
terrible news, so to protect your health, we have (23) to close the cafeteria. The
(A) decided
(B) decision
(C) defence
(D) determination
sandwich store in the basement will stay open. There have not been any problems
with their food products. We apologize for the inconvenience and hope you all stay
healthy.

41
 Part 6: Reading Comprehension
Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following table.
American Bestseller List, Top Ten
This Last Author
Title Publisher Price
(wk) (wk) (F/NF)
Bill Clinton
1 - My life Knopf $35.00
(NF)
2 1 The Da Vinci Code Dan Brown (F) Doubleday $24.95
Ian Caldwell,
3 3 The Rule of Four Dustin Dial Press $24.00
Thomason (F)
Eats, Shoots &
Leaves: The Zero Lynne Truss Gotham
4 11 $17.50
Tolerance Approach (NF) Books
to Punctuation
Father Joe: The man Tony Hendra Random
5 2 $24.95
Who Saved My Soul (NF) House
Dress Your Family
David Sedaris Little,
6 4 in Corduroy and $24.95
(NF) Brown
Denim
Big Russ and Me:
Tim Russert
7 5 Father and Son – Miramax $22.96
(NF)
Lessons of Life
Bob
Simon
8 6 Plan of Attack Woodward $20.00
Schuster
(NF)
The Narrows: Michael Little,
9 7 $25.95
A Novel Connelly (F) Brown
Pocket
10 8 Angels & Demons Dan Brown (F) $7.99
Books
* Rankings are based on sales.
* F = fiction NF = non-fiction
24. Where can you probably see this information?
(A) In newspapers (B) In the Bible (C) At the bank (D) At the airport
25. How many non-fictions are ranked in the list?
(A) Three (B) Four (C) Five (D) Six
26. What information is NOT available from the table?
(A) The writers of books (B) The names of publishers
(C) The number of pages of books (D) The title of the second bestselling book

42
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following letter and catalog.

Dear Mrs. Smith,

To thank you for being one of our regular customers, I am pleased to let you know
about a great new offer. We are having our end of summer sale. You can find great
savings on our catalog prices for T-shirts. We have cut the prices for men's, women's,
and children's T-shirts. Your whole family can dress well and look good, but you don't
have to spend a lot of money.
Please take a look at the attached
catalog. Regards,
Home and All Ltd.

Men's T-shirt
• l00% cotton • Colors - white, green, blue
• Sizes - small, medium, large, X-large
............................................. Price - $9.95
• Buy 2, get one free
Women's T-shirt
• 100% cotton • Colors - white, red, yellow, blue
• Sizes - small, medium, large
............................................. Price - $8.95
• Buy 1, get a free pair of socks
Children's T-shirt
• 100% cotton • Colors - red, yellow, blue
• Sizes - small, medium, large
............................................. Price - $6.95

27. In which colors are men's T-shirts available?

(A) White, red, blue (B) White, green, yellow
(C) White, green, blue (D) Red, blue, yellow
28. How many men's T-shirts can you get for $40?
(A) Three (B) Four (C) Five (D) Six
29. Mr. Smith, Mrs. Smith, and their son all want to buy T-shirts of the same color.
What color can they get?
(A) White (B) Green (C) Yellow (D) Blue
30. Why did Home and All send Mrs. Smith a catalog?
(A) Because she asked for one. (B) Because she is a regular customer.
(C) Because they have a lot of catalogs. (D) Because they are friends.

43
 UNIT 11
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Relative Pronouns)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. That book had a strong-------on how I think.

A. affect B. effect C. effort D. afford

10. The weather can-------the way you feel.

A. affect B. effect C. effort D. afford

11. Would you like-------glass of beer?

A. another B. other C. more one D. some more

12. The apology-------John offered to calm his angry girlfriend was not accepted.
A. which B. who C. whom D. when

13.The children--------skate in the street often make terrible noise in the early morning.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose

14. That is the man for--------we are working.

A. whose B. whom C. who D. which

15. It took me a while to get used to the people-------eat pop-corn during the movie.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which

16. That is the house--------I lived when I first came to the US.
A. in that B. in where C. where D. which in

17. All--------I have done is for you.

A. what B. that C. which D. why

18. The reason--------I have continued to work for that company is the job security.
A. at which B. which C. why D. for that

44
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
letter.

Rirakku Designs
Ikaruga City
221900
Tel: 81-(0)73-998-743

Dear Ms. Hives,

I am (21)-------you the designs that you asked for. I hope that you like them. If you
(A) send
(B) sent
(C) sending
(D) to send

are not happy with the work that I have done, please call me. My telephone
number is (22) the top of this page. I tried to include all the colors that you
wanted.
(A) at
(B) by
(C) with
(D) in

I have been in hospital. That is the reason (23)--------I have sent this a little later
(A) for
(B) which
(C) why
(D) when

than you expected. I am sorry for the inconvenience. Please let me know
the exact date that you need the finished product.
Thank you for using Rirakku Designs.

Sincerely,

Ken Miyoshi

45
Part 6: Reading Comprehension
Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following instructions.
Capital Motel
Telephone Instructions
This telephone has been provided for your convenience.
 To reach the front desk, dial 1.
 To reach room service, dial 2.
 To reach maid service, dial 3.
To make a local call, dial 9 and then the number.
To make a long distance call, dial 1 to ask for assistance.
Local Numbers of Interest
Movie Hotline.................................567-555-2113
Tourist Information.........................567-555-3456
Airport Shuttle................................567-555-5525
City Public Transportation.............567-555-1014

24. What should you do to call someone in another city?

(A) Call Tourist Information
(B) Call room service
(C) Call City Public Transportation
(D) Call the front desk

25. If you dial 9-567-555-1014, what information can you find out?
(A) Which bus to take downtown
(B) Which movies are showing tonight
(C) Where to eat dinner
(D) How to make a local call

26. How can you ask someone to clean your room?

(A) Make a long distance call
(B) Dial 3
(C) Call room service
(D) Ask for Tourist Information

46
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following memo and sign.

To: All life guards

From: Beachside City Council
Re: Beach rules and
competition
The summer season is nearly here, so we would like to remind you about the
beach rules. We will put this sign up at every beach. All life guards must keep
a copy of the rules in their life-saving kit. Also, we will have a volleyball
competition every day this summer. Please do not watch the competition. Keep
your eyes on the sea.
Have a great summer!

CITY BEACH
Open: May 31st - August 31st
10:00 a.m. - 9:00 p.m.
• Special volleyball competition between 2:00 and 5:00
• First prize - $200
• All entrants must be over sixteen years old.
• Each team must have two players.
• Each team must have one male and one female.
BEACH RULES
No animals
No
camping
No glass bottles
No cars or
motorcycles
27. When is the beach not open?
(A) June 4th (B) April 5th (C) July 30th (D) August 1st
28. Who shouldn’t go alone to the beach?
(A) Adults (B) Teenagers
(C) Children over ten years old (D) Children under eight years old
29. Which team would be allowed to play in the competition?
(A) Two men (B) Two women
(C) A man and a woman (D) A man and a fifteen-year-old girl
30. Which of the following is not true?
(A) Lifeguards should watch the volleyball competition.
(B) The beach is open for three months.
(C) Cars cannot drive on the beach.
(D) You cannot take glass bottles onto the beach.

47
 UNIT 12
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Adjectives & Adverbs)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.
11---------I have started jogging at night.
A. Late B. Lately C. Later D. More lately

12. Did you come home--------last night?

A. late B. lately C. later D. more lately

13. He--------yesterday. He mostly relaxed.

A. worked hard B. hardly worked C. worked hardly D. hard worked

14. During his--------visit to the LA office, Mr. Levin met regional managers.
A. recently B. recent C. recentness D. recency

15. You need to develop your communication skills to remain--------.

A. compete B. competition C. competitively D. competitive

16. Interest rates will--------rise by several percentage points.

A. probable B. probability C. prove D. probably

17. The population of this city has decreased--------for the last few years.
A. slight B. slightly C. slightness D. slighted

18. Evaluation forms are--------placed outside the doors so that you can pick them up
as you leave.
A. convenience B. conveniently C. convenient D. convene

19. Patrick Simmons is--------for both recruiting new sales personnel and training them.
A. responsible B. responsibly C. responsibility D. responsibilities

20. Because the train leaves--------at 7:00, ticket holders should board before 6:50.
A. prompt B. promptness C. promptly D. prompted

48
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following advertisement.
Too busy to clean your home? Ashamed to invite people to visit? Then you
need Homework Cleaners. The famous cleaning service is now available in your
town. Our cleaners will march (21) your home and clean it up in no time at all.
(A) by (B) in (C) into (D) along
Our cleaners can all be trusted to do a (22) job. Your house will be so clean, you
(A) good (B) best (C) bad (D) poor
won't recognize it when you come home. We interview all staff very carefully, so
you can feel assured that they will treat your home with respect. And, (23) prices
(A) we're (B) we (C) your (D) our
are unbelievable. So give us a call today on 0334-778-3342 and find out more.

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following e-mail message.
To: Jimmy Nelson, Payroll Supervisor From: Carl Smith, Technical Support Date: August 20
Subject: This month's payroll

I'm writing to ask some questions about my payroll deductions.

I know that health insurance and retirement pensions are automatically deducted from my payroll. Bu
If you have any questions, please call me at extension 455.

24. Why has this e-mail been written?

(A) To inform of an error (B) To ask for information
(C) To apply for a position (D) To complain about poor service
25. Which is being automatically deducted from Carl Smith's payroll?
(A) Car insurance (B) Mortgage loan
(C) Income taxes (D) Retirement pensions
26. Who wrote this e-mail?
(A) A technical support worker (B) A payroll manager
(C) A customer (D) An employee of an insurance company

49
 Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following advertisement and notice.

Pacific International University

PIU, America's #1 ranked online university, is a school of higher education like no other.
You learn what you won't learn anywhere else - skills to prepare you to succeed in the global eco
That means you have access to the best professors without geographic limitations.

Class Schedules
Accessible wherever you are, courses begin eight times
per year, so you can choose the schedule that suits you
most:
* November 15, 2013
* January 3, 2014
* February 14, 2014
* April 4, 2014
* May 16, 2014
* July 5, 2014
* August 15, 2014
* October 3, 2014
* November 14, 2014

27. What is PIU?

(A) It's a two-year college. (B) It's an online university.
(C) It's a high school. (D) It's a language institution.
28. How can students get lectures from professors?
(A) By the Internet (B) By attending seminars
(C) By visiting professors (D) By attending classes
29. What is one advertised advantage of the programs offered by PIU?
(A) Inexpensive tuitions (B) Free access without geographic limitations
(C) Meeting successful professionals (D) Free seminars
30. Which is the last day in 2013 to apply for classes?
(A) January 3 (B) May 16
(C) November 14 (D) November 15

50
 UNIT 13
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Comparisons)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. I drank--------tea today than yesterday.

A. less B. fewer C. little D. a little

10. These days, I work--------hours.

A. less B. fewer C. little D. a little

11. If you know the answer, please--------your hand.

A. yawn B. raise C. rise D. comb

12. This computer is inferior--------that one.

A. most B. than C. more D. to

13. He is five years--------me.

A. more senior than B. senior than C. senior to D. less senior as

14. New York is--------Seattle.

A. larger than B. more large than C. as larger than D. more larger than

15. City life is--------country life.

A. as busier as B. busier than C. more busier than D. most busy as

16. There is nothing--------travelling abroad.

A. more interesting than B. more interesting as
C. as interesting than D. the most interesting than

17. I think the cow is--------of all animals.

A. most useful B. less useful C. the most useful D. the more useful

18. Summer is--------season of the year.

A. hottest B. the hottest C. the hotter D. the more hottest

51
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
To: Gwen Finch, Chris Goodwin
From: Michael Di Beni
Re: Deadline
Date: January 28th
Sorry, folks. This is just to let you know that the deadline for the new grammar
book has been changed. The new deadline is much (21)- than the old one, so
(A) more soon (B) soonest (C) sooner (D) sooner or later
you will have to finish everything much (22)-------than you expected. The date
(A) more quicker (B) more quickly (C) quick (D) as quick as
has been brought forward to March 13th instead of May 2nd as originally
planned. There is some good news, however. Because of the new deadline and
the increased stress, you will be getting a raise. We will (23)---------you $200
(A) raise (B) earn (C) support (D) pay
more than normal. If the book is successful, you will have a permanent raise of
$50 per month.
memo.

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following text.

Know Your Alcohol Limit!

In several countries, drinking alcohol is an important part of society. People like to
build their friendships and have a good time while drinking. However, people
should be careful about how much they drink. Drinking too much alcohol can
damage your body and mind. Some people become addicted to alcohol and they feel
the need to get drunken every day for a long time, you could completely destroy
your liver and die. Alcohol can also damage your heart and stomach. When people
drink, their heart beats faster and this raises their blood pressure. Strong alcohol like
whiskey or rum can upset your stomach. This may result in ulcers or other stomach
problems. So, if you go drinking with your friends, have a good time, but be
responsible. Don’t drink more than your limit!

24. Drinking helps people-------.

(A) get rich (B) be healthy
(C) have good relationships with others (D) raise their blood pressure
25. When a person gets addicted to alcohol, he likes--------.
(A) to drink very often (B) to sleep as soon as he drinks
(C) to drink rum (D) to have a good time with friends
26. Which human organ seems to get affected least by alcohol according to the writer?
(A) Liver (B) Stomach (C) Heart (D) Skin

52
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following directory and email.

Department Store Directory

 6th Floor: Italian Restaurant and Coffee Shop
 5th Floor: Antique and Modern Furniture
 4th Floor: Books, Magazines, and Children’s Clothing
 3th Floor: Men’s Clothing
 2th Floor: Women’s Clothing
 1st Floor: Computers and Home Electronics
Today’s Value Club Cardholder’s Specials: 40% off all his-and-hers cardigans
(10:30-11:30), 2-for-1 spaghetti lunch set (11:30-13:30), 20% off all Pentium
5 desktop computers (all day).
Hours of operation: 9:30 a.m.-10:30 p.m.

To: Club Cardholders <club0223@laceys.co>

From: Laceys Department Store
Subject: Check out our
changes Date: January 30th
Dear Club Cardholder,
Here at Laceys, we’ve been trying to make our store even better. We have made a lot
of changes and we would like to invite you to take a closer look. We have moved
some of items, so take a look at the new directory. It will make your shopping easier
the next time you visit.
Sincerely,
M. Morgan
Manager, Laceys Department Store

27. Where can you buy a table?

(A) On the 2nd floor (B) On the 3rd floor
(C) On the 4th floor (D) On the 5th floor
28. What can you buy on the 1st floor?
(A) A belt (B) A sweater
(C) A DVD player (D) A cup of coffee
29. When can a Value Club cardholder buy a sweater on sale?
(A) In the morning (B) In the afternoon
(C) In the evening (D) All day
30. Why did the manager of Laceys send this email?
(A) To tell customers about changes
(B) To say hello
(C) To answer a complaint
(D) To tell customers that the store is closing

53
 UNIT 14
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Conditional Sentences)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.
9. She would not put--------if she had a balanced diet.
A. up with B. away C. on weight D. off

10. If you don’t study more, you will never--------the exam.

A. pass B. sit C. fail D. succeed

11. Leave your name and phone number. I will call you-------as soon as possible.
A. away B. through C. back D. than

12. If the students--------for tomorrow’s exam, they’ll be more confident.

A. prepare B. prepared C. prepares D. would prepare

13. If Mr. Kennedy--------the information, he would put it in the report.

A. has B. would have C. will have D. had

14. If she--------me, tell her to leave a message.

A. calls B. will call C. called D. would call

15. If the president had taken last night’s train, he--------here now.
A. were B. is
C. would be D. would have been

16. If he ------- more time, he--------decorating the room before the baby was born.
A. has/will have finished B. had/would finish
C. had had/would have finished D. had had/would finish

19 as much money as Bill Gates of Microsoft, I would retire now.

A.
If I had B. If I have C. Unless I had D. If I had had

20 you apologize for what you have done, I will never be your friend.
A.
Unless B. If C. As if D. Even

54
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following
memo.

Memo
To: All committee chairs
From: Eric
Re: Committee Meetings
Date: May 20th

It has been brought to my attention that some of the committees are not
holding their weekly meetings. If there is a valid reason for this, I (21) to
be told.
(A) would
(B) would like
(C) will like
(D) must

As you know, we are supposed to hold one forty-five-minute meeting every

week. This is not a lot to ask you. You (22)-------give me a copy of your meeting
(A) should
(B) do
(C) could have
(D) would

agenda each week. I will submit these to the head office. They have been asking
me why I have not been doing this. I would like to ask you to show a little
consideration in this matter. If you do not follow the company guidelines, I (23) to
assign new
(A) must
(B) have
(C) will
(D) would

committee chairs. This will, of course, result in a pay cut for anyone who is

55
 Part 6: Reading Comprehension
Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following text.

Assistant Magazine Editor

Are you creative, highly efficient with excellent inter-personal skills?
We are an international publishing group which has attained leadership through a
history of professionalism and integrity.
We are committed to hiring and training candidates with a strong desire to learn and
grow, both personally and professionally.
We are presently looking for an assistant magazine editor. The successful candidate
must possess a college degree in journalism or a related qualification and at least
three years of magazine/newspaper experience. Excellent knowledge of word
processing and publishing-related software is essential. Must be well-organized,
deadline-oriented, with strong attention to details. Fluency in English and at least
two other foreign languages required.
Apply with CV and cover letter to:
Linda Morris
ABC international
Department of Human Resources
1368 Riverside Road
Houston, TX 77093

24. For whom is this document intended?

(A) Human resources managers
(B) Software designers
(C) Language teachers
(D) Job applicants
25. What is required to be successful?
(A) A good physical appearance
(B) Less than three years’ experience
(C) Knowledge of several languages
(D) A driver’s license
26. How can candidates apply for the position?
(A) By mail
(B) By e-mail
(C) By fax
(D) By phone

56
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following schedule and email.

Important Calendar Dates

August 8
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY
1 2 3 4 5 6
Office visit Staff
Japan America meeting
Society
7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Staff
meeting

21 22 23 24 25 26 27
President’s Annual softball
birthday tournament
office
closed

28 29 30 31
End-of-month
Sales meeting

To: swhitfield@tinycom.com, bhejones@gonet.com,

hdavis@renet.com From: jpotter@hnet.com
Subject: August
Calendar Date: July 19

I have been asked to inform you of some changes to the summer events calendar. I would
like to ask you to add these changes to the calendar posted in your offices, and to be sure
to announce them at your monthly sales meeting at the end of this month. I have attached a
copy of the original calendar, but I am afraid you will have to mark the changes for
yourselves.

The first change is to the date of visit from the Japan-America Society. This has been
postponed for a week and will happen the following Wednesday instead. Next, the annual
softball tournament was marked incorrectly as Thursday and Friday, the 25 th and 26th. It
will be held, as always, on the fourth Friday and Saturday of August. In other words, the
26th and 27th. Finally, the meeting on August 31 st is canceled. Thanks for noting the
changes.

Jason Potter

57
 27. How often are the sales meetings scheduled?
(A) Monthly
(B) Bimonthly
(C) Biannually
(D) Annually
28. What date will the Japan-America Society visit the office?
(A) August 3rd
(B) August 10th
(C) August 17th
(D) August 24th
29. How long does the sporting event last?
(A) One day
(B) Two days
(C) Three days
(D) All day
30. Which event has been canceled?
(A) A sporting event
(B) The president’s birthday
(C) A sales meeting
(D) All the events in August

58
 UNIT 15
SECTION II: GRAMMAR AND READING COMPREHENSION
Part 4: Vocabulary and Grammar (Review)
Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.

9. Those are--------books.
A. her B. hers C. she’s D. she

10. Can I borrow--------money?

A. a B. some C. most D. many

11. We’ve lived here--------ten years.

A. since B. during C. from D. for

12. They hope--------to Singapore next year.

A. travel B. travels C. traveling D. to travel

13. Neither Mrs. Rose--------Mrs. Wood was present at the conference yesterday.
A. nor B. or C. but D. so

14. John thought he had a good chance to get the job, ------- his father was the
manager’s friend.
A. because of B. though C. as if D. for

15. Economics---------at high school.

A. is not taught B. are not taught C. do not teach D. does not teach

16. Four years--------a required period of time for a student to complete his university
education.
A. is B. are C. have been D. were

17. If the secretary--------where the missing files are, we can stop looking for them.
A. knew B. knows C. had known D. would know

18. We--------15 units in this book up till now.

A. are studying B. studied C. will have studied D. have studied
Part 5: Incomplete Text
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank.
Questions 21 through 23 refer to the following article.

Problems at Beeton Steel

Beeton Steel Company announced today that they will be (21) their Milltown
(A) close (B) closed (C) have closed (D) closing
plant at the end of this year. John Leighton, a spokesman for Beeton, reported
that costs at the facility had been rising and that attempts to increase
profitability and reduce costs (22) --. Union officials have expressed concern for
(A) had failed (B) will fail (C) fails (D) could have failed
the workers employed at the facility. Up to 2,000 employees could lose their jobs (23) -------
(A) after (B) when (C) unless (D) if
the company changes its decision.

Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Choose the best answer.
Questions 24 through 26 refer to the following advertisement.

Cajun Cooters
Come out for an evening of music and dancing Cajun style. This four men and one
woman band is in town for a limited time. They came all the way from the swamps
of Louisiana and they brought their own special, foot-stomping, head-wagging style
of music with them. Their music is a blend of country, blues and rock. They were
recently featured on the Tonight Show with Jay Leno, and their current album is
now a bestseller. Don’t miss them!
“Raw, Exciting, Powerful music” – Tucson Desert Star
“Amazing. An incredible show” – Newsly
Where: The Desert Inn, 6352 Oracle Drive, Pima, Arizona
When: Feb. 8 to 18: Weeknights (Sun. to Thurs. at 5 p.m. and 8:30 p.m.,
Fri. & Sat. at 7 p.m. and 10:30 p.m.)
Ticket Price: Front and Center tables: $15; Back tables: $10
For reservations, call Tixmaster at 837-8349.

24. What does “Cajun Cooters” refer to?

(A) They are swamp animals. (B) It is a name of a music band.
(C) They are swamps in Louisiana. (D) It is a type of music.
25. How often does “Cajun Cooters” perform?
(A) Twice every day (B) Twice on Sun. to Thurs., but one time on Fri. & Sat.
(C) Once every day (D) Once on Fri. & Sat., but twice on Sun. to Thurs.
26. How much are tickets for two adults at the back tables?
(A) 10 dollars (B) 15 dollars (C) 20 dollars (D) 30 dollars

70
Questions 27 through 30 refer to the following letter and form.
14 Green Lane
Harley
Wessex
WE2 7HE
March 3rd
The Manager
Audios Etc.
Head Office
London

Dear Sirs,

I recently bought a programmable CD player at the Hartley branch of Audios Etc.

Your company was recommended to me by several of my acquaintances. Therefore,
although it was the first time I had visited one of your stores, I was sure you were a
trustworthy company.

When the CD player was delivered to my house, I found that the player was the
wrong color. I asked for black; however, the player that was delivered was red. I
telephoned the Hartley branch, and a very friendly clerk arranged for it to be
changed. This time the programming function did not work. Again, the store
changed it. Yet again there was a problem. There was a big scratch on the
paintwork. I had been led to believe that Audios Etc. was a reliable company. This
experience has proven the opposite to be true. I would therefore like to formally
register my dissatisfaction and demand a refund. Please find enclosed a completed
customer complaint form.

Yours faithfully,

Matt Greer

Audios Etc. Customer Complaint Form

Product Name Sanshi Programmable CD Player

Serial Number 21002330A1

1. Wrong color, 2. Programming functions not working,

Problem
3. Product surface damaged: large scratch

Date of Purchase February 15th

Action Desired Full refund of cost of CD player

Customer Details Matt Greer, 14 Green Lane, Hartley WE2 7HE, Tel: 820-8839

71
27. Why did Matt Greer write this letter?
(A) To thank the store for good service
(B) To explain Audio Etc.’s service policy
(C) To order a CD player
(D) To complain and ask for his money back
28. Who is Matt Greer?
(A) The manager of Audios Etc.
(B) A customer of Audios Etc.
(C) A salesman at Audios Etc.
(D) A deliver person for Audios Etc.
29. Which of the following problem is NOT mentioned?
(A) There was a scratch.
(B) The cover was broken.
(C) The color was wrong.
(D) The programming function was broken.
30. Why did Matt Greer use Audios Etc.?
(A) They offered him a good job.
(B) They have good prices.
(C) They were recommended to him.
(D) He recommended them.

72
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING END-OF-TERM SAMPLE
LAC HONG UNIVERSITY TEST (60%)

MÔN THI: TOEIC GRAMMAR AND READING 1

THỜI GIAN: 35 PHÚT
(SINH VIÊN KHÔNG SỬ DỤNG TÀI LIỆU.)

-
Part 4: Grammar and Vocabulary

10. After the engineer---------the system carefully, he noticed an error.

A. to check B. checked C. checking D. be checked

11. One of the final steps---------to copy all of the system software.
A. to be B. be C. is D. are

12. The landlady raised the rent---------.

A. unfair B. unfairly C. unfairness D. more unfair

13. Dan has been running the company----------15 years.

A. for B. since C. at D. by

30-----------Mary was ill, they changed their plans.

A. Due to B. So C. Because D. Therefore

31. It took a lot of----------to find the Titanic.

A. afford B. effort C. strong D. fewer

32. I got up----------seven o’clock this morning.

A. on B. in C. from D. at

33. The actress was tired of----------autographs.

A. sign B. signature C. signs D. signing

34. The comedian is---------.

A. funny B. fun C. delight D. joy

35. The politician made----------to the people to cut taxes.

A. a promise B. an appointment C. a date D. a meeting

73
Part 5: Incomplete Texts

Questions 36 through 38 refer to the following advertisement.

COMPUTER INNOVATION INC.

--------- to frequently asked questions are available on our company’s Website. Or call
36. A. Answer

B. Answers

C. An answer

D. The answer

our customer service line at 800-873-0984. A staff member is always ready to help you.
Remember, just like human brains,----------are all different. The computer you had
last
37. A. computer

B. computers

C. the computers

D. a computer
year may function differently from the one you own today. To understand your
computer better, read through----------that came with your system carefully.
38. A. the manual

B. manuals

C. a manual

D. manually

74
 Questions 39 through 41 refer to the following notice.

Notice
From next week, all cars---------are parked in front of the building will be towed away.

39. A. who

B. whose

C. that

D. what
Any employees who want to park near the building must apply for a special permit.
All cars---------a permit sticker will be allowed to park in the car park surrounding the

40. A. by

B. for

C. in

D. with
building. Drivers who want a permit must visit the personnel office and fill in a form.
You will have to pay $5 to receive your sticker when you fill in the form. Please call
843-9876 for---------information.

41. A. more

B. add

C. plus

D. over

75
Part 6: Reading Comprehension

Questions 42 through 43 refer to the following report.

Midsize companies that want to increase

their sales in international markets cannot
rely on exporting their goods - not if they
want to grow substantially. Customers want
to be close to their suppliers. They want to
provide input on design, engineering, and
quality control. Also, local governments
want jobs created for their citizens. This
means that international companies will
have to establish a manufacturing operation
near their customers.

42. If international companies want to grow, they will need to --------

A. improve quality control.
B. export more goods.
C. build factories close to their customers.
D. design better products.

43. Who wants to provide input on design?

A. Design consultants
B. Customers
C. Suppliers
D. Engineers

76
 Questions 44 through 46 refer to the following coupon.

BOARDING PASS

Name of Passenger: Monica Colandern

009322778395
From: New York LaGuardia
To: Los Angeles
Carrier Flight Class Date Time Gate Seat Smoke
TU 740 V 8 May 11:30 67 12A NO

44. What is this coupon?

A. Ticket for a concert
B. Boarding pass for an airline flight
C. Registration form for classes
D. Train ticket

45. Where is Monica going?

A. New York
B. Los Angeles
C. La Guardia High School
D. To an interview

46. Where will she sit?

A. Seat 8C
B. Seat 11B
C. Seat 12A
D. Seat 67E

77
Questions 47 through 50 refer to the following notice and email.

NOTICE
A seminar on Current Social & Political Issues will be
held; Presenter Topic
John McGuire Market values and social values
Stephen Revere The responsibility of intellectuals
Dennis Florig Power and Terror; A videotaped
interview Date: June 3, 2:00-5:00 P.M.
Place: Seminar room 203, Louis University
For more information, please send an e-mail to the e-mail address below. Your ideas
and questions are always welcome.
The Society for Social & Political
Studies E-mail:
aaronsmith@ssps.org

To: aaronsmith@ssps.org
From: Morgan Hoffman
Date: May 28
Subject: Seminar on Current Social & Political Issues
Hi, I'm Morgan Hoffman majoring in Social and Political Economics in Louis
University. Professor McKinsey recommended I attend the seminar you are
organizing. I'm really interested in attending the seminar on current social and political
issues.
I wonder if there is anything I have to bring. Please let me
know. Morgan Hoffman

47. Who is going to speak about the responsibility of intellectuals?

A. Aaron Smith B. John McGuire C. Stephen Revere D. Dennis Florig

48. When will a visual aid be used?

A. John McGuire's lecture B. Dennis Florig's lecture
C. During the Q & A session D. After the seminar

49. How can someone attend the seminar?

A. By registering at the seminar B. By suggesting ideas
C. By sending an e-mail D. By participating in the seminar

50. What does Mr. Hoffman want to know about?

A. How to contact the speakers B. Where to go
C. What to prepare D. How to attend

This is the end of the Reading test.

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 NEW WORDS
Abbreviation
n: noun v: verb adj: adjective adv:
adverb e.g.: exempli gratia (for example)
Unit 1
appreciate (v): đánh giá cao
approach (n): phương pháp
e.g.: My teacher uses different approaches to teach us.
conference (n): hội nghị
confidentiality (n): bí mật
figure (n): con số
money order: phiếu gửi tiền
recent (adj): gần đây, mới đây
subscribe (v): đặt mua dài hạn
e.g.: The magazine is trying to get more readers to subscribe.
support (v): chu cấp
vital (adj): cần thiết

Unit 2
attend (v): tham dự, có mặt
e.g.: The meeting was well attended.
burn off (v): đốt cháy, làm tiêu hao
cookie (n): bánh quy
gain weight: tăng cân
grocery store: cửa hàng bách
hóa gym (n): phòng tập thể dục
notify (v): thông báo
e.g.: He notified us that he was going to
retire. payroll office: phòng ban lo về lao động tiền
lương satisfied (adj): hài lòng
reminder (n): thư nhắc nhở
tacos (n): một loại bánh xuất xứ từ Mê-hi-cô

79
Unit 3
appointment (n): cuộc hẹn
appropriate (adj): thích hợp
approve (v): đồng ý
date (n): cuộc hẹn hò
deposit (v): đặt cọc
e.g.: I had to deposit 10% of the price of the house.
memorable (adj): đáng ghi nhớ
e.g.: The city is memorable for its fantastic beaches.
politician (n): chính trị gia
proposal (n): đề xuất
submit (v): đệ trình
tutor (n): gia sư

Unit 4
agenda (n): chương trình nghị sự
apologize (v): xin lỗi
argument (n): sự tranh luận
e.g.: Most families have arguments over money.
budget (n): ngân sách
cafeteria (n): quán ăn tự phục vụ
cellar (n): hầm rượu
collar (n): cổ áo
inconvenience (n): sự bất
tiện lounge (n): phòng đợi
regret (v): hối tiếc
e.g.: I regret that I will be unable to attend.
reserve (v): đặt trước

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Unit 5
account (n): tài khoản
efficient (adj): có hiệu quả
e.g.: The new schedule makes the program more efficient.
fireplace (n): lò sưởi
freezing (adj): giá lạnh
one-way ticket: vé một chiều
price quote: báo giá
round-trip fare: vé khứ hồi
sweater (n): áo len
yell (v): la hét
e.g.: He is yelling with pain.

Unit 6

dedicate sth to sth (v): cống hiến

destruction (n): sự phá hủy, sự tiêu diệt
evaluate (v): đánh giá
e.g.: We evaluated the situation careffuly.
hotel clerk: nhân viên khách sạn
install (v): lắp đặt
odd (adj): kỳ quặc
purchase (v): mua, sắm
e.g.: They purchased that piece of land for $1 million.
release (v): phóng thích, phát hành
researcher (n): nhà nghiên cứu
satisfy (v): làm thỏa mãn
travel agent: nhân viên đại lý du lịch
upcoming (adj): sắp tới

81
Unit 7
building site: công trường
consult (v): hỏi ý kiến
disappointed (adj): thất vọng
e.g.: He seemed to be disappointed with this news.
elevator (n): thang máy
hopeless (adj): tuyệt vọng
impression (n): ấn tượng
pleasant (adj): thú vị
pull a muscle: căng cơ
renovate (v): sửa chữa lại
temporary (adj): tạm thời
wander (v): đi lang thang
e.g.: They wandered out into the darkness.
wonder (v): muốn biết

Unit 8
accuse (of) (v): buộc tội
e.g.: The police accused him of stealing money.
bother (v): làm phiền
diabetes (n): bệnh tiểu đường
guilty (adj): có tội
heart disease: bệnh tim
high blood pressure: cao huyết áp
patient (n): bệnh nhân
physician (n): bác sỹ
pregnant (adj): có thai
stomach upset: nôn nao ở dạ dày
stretch (v): khởi động
e.g.: You should stretch before doing physical exercise.
symptom (n): triệu chứng

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Unit 9

announce (v): loan báo

attire (n): quần áo
claim (v): cho là
e.g.: He claimed to be the best football-player in the school.
destroy (v): phá hủy
rickets (n): bệnh còi xương
RSVP (répondez s'il vous plait): xin phúc đáp
semester (n): học kỳ
specialize (in) (v): chuyên về (một việc gì)
touch (v): đụng vào, sờ vào
e.g.: I can touch the ceiling.
unique (adj): duy nhất
wedding ceremony: tiệc cưới
well-treated (adj): đối xử tốt

Unit 10

bait (n): mồi (câu cá)

basement (n): tầng hầm
bestseller (n): cuốn sách bán chạy nhất
bible (n): kinh thánh
defence (n): sự bảo vệ
determination (n): sự quyết định, sự quyết tâm
e.g.: He returned to school with a determination to finish his study.
fiction (n): tiểu thuyết
food poisoning: sự ngộ độc thực phẩm
non-fiction: sách không hư cấu (chuyện về người thật việc thật)
rank (v): xếp loại, xếp hạng
e.g.: I rank her achievement very highly.
savings (n): tiền tiết kiệm
e.g.: I opened a savings account at my local bank.

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Unit 11

blessing (n): hạnh phúc, điều sung sướng

e.g.: Health is the greatest of blessings.
entrant (n): người dự thi
front desk (n): bàn tiếp khách (quầy lễ tân)
job security: tính an toàn trong công việc
grateful (adj): biết ơn
lifeguard (n): người cứu hộ
life-saving kit: bộ dụng cụ cứu hộ
remind (v): nhắc nhở
e.g.: Please remind me to post this letter.

Unit 12

assured (adj): chắc chắn, đảm bảo

e.g.: His victory means that he is now assured of a place in the final.
deduct (v): khấu trừ
discrepancy (n): sự khác nhau, sự trái ngược nhau
e.g.: There were many discrepancies between the 2 versions of the affair.
evaluation form: mẫu đánh giá
fare (n): tiền xe, tiền đò, tiền phà
jog (v): chạy chậm đều (để tập thể dục)
interest rate: mức lãi suất
mortgage (n): sự thế chấp, sự cầm cố
prompt (adv): đúng lúc
recruit (v): tuyển
seminar (n): hội nghị chuyên đề
e.g.: They are recruiting members to the club.
slightly (adv): không đáng kể

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Unit 13
alcohol (n): rượu cồn
antique (adj): cổ xưa
e.g.: This is an antique desk.
cardholder (n): chủ thẻ
cardigan (n): áo len đan/ áo ấm len
deadline (n): hạn chót
drunken (adj): say rượu
e.g.: She was often beaten by her drunken husband.
folk (n): người thân thuộc
inferior (adj): thấp kém
liver (n): gan
permanent (adj): cố định
senior (adj): nhiều tuổi
hơn ulcer (n): chỗ loét
yawn (v): ngáp
e.g.: We couldn’t help yawning during the speech.

Unit 14
assign (v): bổ nhiệm, giao phó
e.g.: They’ve assigned their best man to the job.
assistant (n): trợ lý
balanced (adj): cân đối dinh dưỡng
confident (adj): tự tin, tin tưởng
consideration (n): sự suy xét, sự cân nhắc
e.g.: The proposals are still under consideration.
commit to sth: cam kết
creative (adj): sáng tạo
decorate (v): trang trí
postpone (v): trì hoãn
tournament (n): cuộc thi đấu

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Unit 15
acquaintance (n): người quen
e.g.: He has a lot of acquaintances.
attempt (v): cố gắng
e.g.: She will attempt to beat the world record.
dissatisfaction (n): sự không hài lòng
exhibit (n): cuộc triển lãm
facility (n): thiết bị
paintwork (n): lớp sơn
profitability (n): sự có lợi, sự thuận lợi
reliable (adj): tin cậy
e.g.: He is a very reliable man. If he says, he’ll do.
swamp (n): đầm lầy
trustworthy (adj): đáng tin cậy

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 LANGUAGE FOCUS

CONJUNCTIONS AND PREPOSITIONS

1. Coordinating conjunctions (Tip-FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
► Addition/alternation
a) She is playing the guitar and singing.
b) You can read a book or take a bath.
► Contrast
a) He is tall, but his son is short.
b) She is very rich, yet she doesn't wear expensive clothes.
► Reason/result
a) I bought a new tie, for I have a job interview tomorrow.
b) She saved money, so she could go to Europe.

2. Subordinating conjunctions
► Simultaneous/sequential action (when, after, before, since, as, until, as soon as,
by the time,…)
a) Mary was listening to the radio while she was studying.
b) Sara has loved tennis since she was a child.
c) She had gone away by the time I got home.
► Condition (if, unless, as long as, on the condition that, provided/providing that)
a) As long as you promise to be back before nine, you can go out.
b) We will have fun at the beach, unless it rains.
► Concession (though, although, even though, even if, no matter what)
a) It is true although it may sound strange.
b) Even if it snows, we must go to school.
► Reason (because, since, as, now that)
a) Since you can't answer the question, we'd better ask someone else.
b) He ate a hamburger because he was hungry.
► Purpose (so that, in order that)
a) David took a taxi so that he could arrive in time for the meeting.
b) Garrett enrolled in a test preparation course in order that he would not fail again.

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3. Correlative conjunctions
► Inclusion (both…and, not only…but also, …)
a) She likes to play both football and hockey.
b) He studies not only English, but also Spanish.
► Exclusion (whether…or, neither…nor, either …or,…)
a) Our milkshakes come in either chocolate or vanilla.
b) Neither my father nor I like watching the ballet.
c) It doesn't matter to me whether it rains or not.

4. Distinction between Conjunctions and Prepositions

Conjunctions are followed by subject + verb, while prepositions are followed by
noun or an –ing form.
 while vs. during
a) While I was waiting at the bus stop, three buses went by in the opposite direction.
b) He was taken to the hospital during the night.
 (al)though vs. despite
a) Although John is very nice to Mary, she doesn’t love him.
b) Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
 because vs. because of
a) Because I was very tired, I went to bed early last night.
b) He walked slowly because of his bad leg.

5. Key Prepositions
► for (how long…) vs. during (when…)
 for two weeks; during the winter
► by (completion) vs. until (continuation)
 Have it done by tomorrow. Use the car until this evening.
► between (two) vs. among (more than two)
 between the eyes; among the crowd
► Prepositions at the end of questions
 Who did you come with? What is this for? What is it like?

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 PRESENT TENSES

1. Simple present
1.1. Formation: (ordinary verbs)
S (I/we/you/they) + V (bare infinitive) …..
S (third singular person: he/she/it) + V-s/es ….
1.2. Main usages
► Use the simple present tense for routines, habits, or statements that are always true.
a) The Earth is round.
b) I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.
► Use the simple present for future events in schedules/timetable.
a) What time does the flight depart this afternoon?
b) When does the train leave tomorrow?
Note: The simple present is frequently used with always, sometimes, usually, often,
rarely, hardly, ever, never.
2. Present progressive
2.1. Formation: am/is/are + V-ing
2.2. Main usages
► Use the present progressive for an action currently in progress.
a) I'm eating lunch right now.
b) What are you talking about?
► Use the present progressive for future events that are certain to take place.
a) He's coming back tomorrow.
b) She is getting married next month.
Present progressive verbs are frequently used with today, now, at the moment, for
the time being, currently, at right now,…
Note: There are some verbs in English which cannot be used in continuous tenses:
► Verbs of mental state
know believe doubt need
realize suppose remember prefer
understand think* forget mean
recognize imagine want ………….
e.g.: I need a book. (Not: I am needing a book.)
► Verbs of emotional state
love dislike fear mind
like hate envy care,….
appreciate
e.g.: I love her. (Not: I am loving her.)

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 ► Verbs of possession
possess have* own belong,….
e.g.: I have a house. (Not: I am having a house.)
► Verbs of existing states
appear* exist contain consist of include,…
e.g.: Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
(Not: Water is consisting of hydrogen and oxygen.)
► Linking verbs
seem sound taste* look* smell*,
…. e.g.: The food tastes delicious. (Not: The food is tasting
delicious.) But: I am tasting the food (ordinary verb).
► Verbs of measurement:
weigh* cost measure*
e.g. : This book costs VND 13,000. (Not: This book is costing 13,000 VND)
She weighs 55 kilos. (Not: She is weighing 55 kilos.)
But: The receptionist is weighing my box.

3. Present perfect
3.1. Formation: have/has + past participle
3.2. Main usages
► Use the present perfect tense to describe an action that happened in the past,
but the time of the action may not necessarily be known.
a) I have been to the United States.
b) They have met my parents.
c) John has seen the movie twice.
d) I have just finished the project.
► Use the present perfect tense to describe an action or a state that began in the
past and continues to the present and may last to the future.
a) Johnson has worked for this company for three years.
b) He has lived here since 2000.
c) We have been friends since we started studying at Lac Hong University.
d) They have been married for a long time.
Note: Present perfect verbs are often used with once, twice, three times, ever, never,
finally, just, already, yet, recently, lately, so far,…

4. Present perfect progressive

4.1. Formation: have/has + been + V-ing
4.2. Main usage
► Use present perfect progressive verbs to emphasize the continuity of actions that
began in the past and continues to the present and may last to the future.
a) He has been calling her all morning.
b) It's been raining here since we arrived.

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 PAST TENSES
1. Simple past
1.1. Formation: (ordinary verbs): S + V-ed/V2
1.2. Main usages
► Use the simple past tense for an action that was finished in the past at a specific
time. (with time expressions such as yesterday, last night (week, month, year,
century), a week (month, year,… ) ago, in 1990, in July 2003,….)
a) We went shopping yesterday.
b) Columbus discovered America in 1492.
c) I lent you fifty dollars two days ago.
► Use the simple past tense to express a series of actions that happened one after
another in the past:
e.g.: The thief broke into the house, opened the drawer, took the money and ran away.
2. Past progressive
2.1. Formation: was/were + V-ing
2.2. Main usages
► Use the past progressive tense to express actions which were progressing at some
concrete time in the past such as at 9.00 last night, at this time last week, …
a) I was watching T.V. at 10.00 last night.
b) At this time last week, we were watching football.
► Use the past progressive tense for an action that was in progress when a second
past action took place (or when a second past action was also in progress.)
a) When Jackie got there, Steve was waiting for her.
b) While I was taking a bath, Sally was using the computer.
3. Past perfect
3.1. Formation: had + past participle
3.2. Main usage
► Use the past perfect tense for an action that occurred before a certain point of
time or another action in the past.
a) She had bought the book before I met her.
b) He had been to Oxford twice before I went there.
Note: Before can be used in a simple past and past perfect sentence.
a) I cleaned the house before she visited.
(= I cleaned the house because I knew she would visit.)
b) I had cleaned the house before she visited.
(= I cleaned the house, and, by coincidence, she visited after I had cleaned.)
4. Past perfect progressive
4.1. Formation: had + been + V-ing
4.2. Main usage
► Use the past perfect progressive tense to emphasize the duration or the continuous
nature of an action that was in progress before another action or a point of time in
the past.
a) He said he had been doing his homework since six o’clock.
b) They had been cleaning the room for an hour when I walked in.

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 FUTURE TENSES
1. Simple future
1.1. Formation: SHALL/WILL + V (bare inf) … (“Will” is commonly used for all
subjects nowadays.)
1.2. Main usages
► Use the simple future tense for a statement of future fact. This can be:
1.2.1. certain:
a) They’ll be here on Saturday afternoon.
b) The journey will take six hours.
1.2.2. uncertain:
a) I think it’ll rain tomorrow.
b) I’m not sure he’ll be there.
► Use the simple future tense for a sudden decision to do something (usually used
with I or We)
a) Wait a minute – I’ll open the door for you.
b) No one’s offered to help? I’ll do it for you!
Note: Common expressions used in the simple future tense: tomorrow, next + week
/month/year, in + duration
a) He will attend the seminar tomorrow.
b) The price will increase next year.
c) The meeting will end in a few minutes.
2. Future progressive
2.1. Formation: SHALL/WILL + be + V-ing
2.2. Main usages
► Use the future progressive tense for an action that will be in progress at a certain
time in the future.
a) They will be watching football at 10.00 p.m. next Saturday.
b) At this time tomorrow, I will be working in the English Department.
► Use the future progressive tense for an action that is progressing in the future
when another action comes (usually used with “when”).
a) Tomorrow evening, I will be waiting for you when you come.
b) When you come, I will be cooking dinner.
3. Future perfect
3.1. Formation: SHALL/WILL + have + past participle
3.2. Main usage
► Use the future perfect for an action that will be completed before a time or event
in the future.
a) I’ll have read the article online before you find it in the newspaper.
b) I’ll have finished work by five o’clock tonight.
4. Future perfect progressive
4.1. Formation: SHALL/WILL + have + been + V-ing
4.2. Main usage
► Use the future perfect progressive tense to emphasize an action that will be in
progress before another time or event in the future.
a) We’ll have been living here for two years by next July.
b) I’ll have been sleeping for two hours by the time he gets home.

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 AUXILIARIES
1. Auxiliaries
a) I should do my homework now.
b) I can help you clean the car.
2. Semi-auxiliaries
I am able to dance very well.
Some common semi-auxiliaries:
 be about to  be liable to
The plane is about to take off. This machine is liable to break down.
 be apt to  be sure to
He’s apt to ask awkward questions. He’s sure to be waiting outside.
 be bound to  be likely to
Prices are bound to go up this autumn.
They’re likely to win by several goals.
 be certain to
 be meant to
The match is certain to start on time.
Are you meant to work overtime?
 be due to
He’s due to arrive at any moment.  be supposed to
 be going to We’re not supposed to smoke in here.
We’re going to need more staff here.
3. Differences between auxiliaries and other verbs
► Auxiliary verbs are followed by the basic form of a verb.
You must (clean/to clean/cleans) your room now.
► Auxiliary verbs are NOT used with to-infinitives.
I would like to (be able to / can) speak English.
► Auxiliary verbs do not agree with the subject in number.
John (can / cans) swim very well.
► To negate an auxiliary verb, add “not" after it.
I (will not / don't will) attend the meeting.
► It is possible to delete verb phrases after an auxiliary when they are repeated.
a) John will come to the party and so will Marta.
b) George can play the guitar, but Larry can't.
4. Making negative and interrogative sentences
Auxiliaries Negative sentences Interrogative sentences
can cannot Can you ~?
ought to ought not to Ought you to ~?
had better had better not -----------
have to do/does not have to Do you have to ~?
be going to be not going to Are you going to ~?
used to did not use to Did you use to ~?
would rather would rather not Would you rather ~?
5. Use would and could instead of will and can for proposals.
(Would/Will) you like to have some coffee?

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 ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
1. Active vs Passive Sentences
1.1. Formula
Active: Subject + Verb + Object

Passive: Subject + Be + PP + by Object (agent)

1.2. Use of “by + noun”
With passive, we can use “by + noun” if we need to say who does the action.
 The police caught him. → He was caught by the police.
Note: The phrase by + agent can be omitted in the following cases:
 When the agent is unknown (e.g.: by someone, by anyone, etc.)
 When the agent is obvious or unimportant (e.g.: The robbers finally got caught
by the police.)
 When the agent is very general (e.g.: His writings are now widely accepted by
the readers.)
 When the agent is a personal pronoun (e.g.: by him, by me, by them, etc.)

2. Detailed Forms: ACTIVE VOICE  PASSIVE VOICE

2.1. Present simple tense: V (bare inf/V-s/es)  Am/is/are + PP (past participle)
e.g.: He does this exercise.  This exercise is done by him.
2.2. Present continuous: Am/is/are + V-ing  Am/is/are + being + PP
e.g.: He is looking at her.  She is being looked at by him.
2.3. Present perfect: Have/has + PP  Have/has + been + PP
e.g.: She has finished her homework.  Her homework has been finished by her.
2.4. Present perfect continuous: Have/has + been + V-ing  Have/has + been + being + PP
e.g.: They have been building this house for 3 months.
 This house has been being built for 3 months.
2.5. Past simple tense: V-ed/V2  Was/were + PP
e.g.: She helped me last night.  I was helped by her last night.
2.6. Past continuous: Was/were + V-ing  Was/were + being + PP
e.g.: She was doing her housework at 8.00 last night.
 Her housework was being done at 8.00 last night.
2.7. Past perfect: Had + PP  Had + been + PP
e.g.: She had finished her housework before 9.00 last night.
 Her housework had been finished before 9.00 last night.
2.8. Past perfect continuous: Had + been + V-ing  Had + been + being + PP
e.g.: They had been teasing me for hours when you came.
 I had been being teased for hours when you came.
 2.9. Future simple: Shall/will + V (bare inf)  Shall/will + be + PP
e.g.: The police will catch him soon.  He will be caught by the police soon.
2.10. Future continuous: Shall/will + be + V-ing  Shall/will + be + being + PP
e.g.: They will be doing the test at 9.00 a.m. tomorrow.
 The test will be being done at 9.00 a.m. tomorrow.
2.11. Future perfect: Shall/will + have + PP  Shall/will + have + been + PP
e.g.: They will have finished the test before 10:30 tomorrow.
 The test will have been finished before 10:30 tomorrow.
2.12. Future perfect continuous: Shall/will have been +V-ing
 Shall/will have been + being + PP
e.g.: She will have been looking after him for three years by next December.
 He will have been being looked after for three years by next December.

3. Modal Verbs
Active voice: Subject + Modal Verb + Ordinary Verb + Object

Passive voice: Subject Modal Verb + Be + PP by Object (agent)

e.g.: She can do this exercise.  This exercise can be done by her.
4. General Key Points
4.1. Only transitive verbs may be changed to passive forms.
 The ship has been disappeared. (incorrect)
 The ship has disappeared. (correct)
 English is spoken here. (correct)
4.2. Verbs like make, tell, and ask are followed by a to-infinitive in passive sentences.
 The boys were made to work very hard.
 The girls were asked to stop laughing.
4.3. Perceptual verbs like see, observe, and hear are followed by either a to-infinitive
(for repeated or habitual actions) or an –ing form (for an action in progress) in
passive sentences.
 The geese were observed to fly south every autumn. (habitual)
 The geese were seen swimming in the pond. (action in progress)
4.4. Complex verbs that consist of verb + preposition are treated as one unit when
being changed to passive.
 They laughed at him. → He was laughed at (by them).
 Someone broke into the jewelry shop. → The jewelry shop was broken into (by someone).
4.5. Besides, the prepositions at and with may also be used in passive sentences.
At: be alarmed at, be surprised at, …
With: be pleased with, be satisfied with, be covered with, be (pre)occupied with, …
At or With: be delighted at/with, be disgusted at/with, …

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 NEGATION AND INVERSION
1. Negation
1.1. Use “no” as an adjective.
a) I have no equipment for mountain climbing.
b) There are no bottles of juice in the fridge.

1.2. Use “not” as an adverb.

► “Not” can be used after auxiliaries and before main verbs.
a) She does not gather enough berries.
b) You should not walk on the grass.
c) I do not find this movie very interesting.
d) She is not working in the garden.

1.3. Put a negative word before non-finite verbs: to-infinitives, gerunds, and
participles.
a) We decided not to study French.
b) I enjoy not waking up early in the morning.
c) In order not to park downtown, he took a bus.

1.4. Never = not ever

a) He never parks his car on the street.
b) They can never pick enough apples.
► The position of “never” changes the meaning of the sentence.
a) We decided never to climb Mt. Everest.
b) We never decided to climb Mt. Everest.
c) I enjoy never waking up early in the morning.
d) I never enjoy waking up early in the morning.

1.5. Redundancy in Negation

► Avoid double negatives.
a) I did not find no treasure. (Incorrect) (no → any)
b) I found no treasure. (Correct)

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 ► Do not use a negative word along with any adverbs of negative such as

hardly seldom rarely scarcely barely never

a) We could not hardly walk through the crowd. (Incorrect) Omit “not”
b) We could hardly walk through the crowd. (Correct)
2. Inversion
Inversion involves placing an auxiliary before the subject of a sentence.
2.1. Inversion is obligatory when we place a negative adverb or adverbial phrase
before the subject of a sentence.
a) He is never happy. → Never is he happy.
b) He can hardly do it. → Hardly can he do it.
The following is a list of negative adverbs, adverbial phrases, and adverbial clauses
that are commonly used in English:
Negative adverbs:
never seldom little hardly scarcely barely

Negative adverbial phrases:

at no time by no means under no circumstances

in no way on no account not only

2.2. Inversion is also obligatory in the “so/such… that” structure, as in:

a) He is so nice that I like him.
= So nice is he that I like him.
b) She did such a good job that she won our praise.
= Such a good job did she do that she won our praise.
3. The following short responses also involve the use of inversion.
► In a negative sentence, we use the conjunction nor or the negative adverb
neither, as in:
He can’t sing, nor can I.
= He can’t sing, and neither can I.
= He can’t sing, and I can’t, either.
► In a positive sentence, we use the adverb so, as in:
She is beautiful, and so are you.
= She is beautiful, and you are, too.

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 GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
1. Gerunds (V-
ing)
Gerunds are derived from verb forms which end in –ing. They are called verbal
nouns because they act like nouns.
1.1. Form
Base verb + -ing hope – hoping die – dying play – playing
(V-ing) study – studying stop – stopping prefer – preferring
1.2. Use
Use an –ing form after the following verbs
admit avoid consider discuss
enjoy feel like finish give up
Mind postpone suggest
 They finished eating.
Major structures followed by V-ing
be accustomed to be/ become used to can’t help can’t stand
look forward to object to
 I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
2. Infinitives
Infinitives are verb forms that show no person or tense. They usually refer to actions
and events in a more general way. Basically, infinitives which are used with the marker
to are called full infinitives or to-infinitives. Without to, they are called “bare infinitives.”
2.1. Form
to + Base verb
go – to go eat – to eat work – to work get – to get
(to-infinitive)
2.2. Use
Use a to-infinitive after the following verbs
Afford agree decide expect need plan
Refuse hope want wish
 He expects to leave tomorrow.
Use a to-infinitive after the following verbs plus their object
Advise ask allow cause expect force
Permit tell remind request require
 The boss wants Mr. Tang to leave tomorrow.
Use an infinitive without “to” after the following verbs plus their object
Have let make feel see
Hear smell find
 Let Tom do it.
Note: Choosing Between Infinitives and Gerunds
The following verbs allow both a to-infinitive form and an –ing form:
Forget remember regret stop try mean
 I forgot to turn the light off. (= I didn’t turn it off. I forgot to do it.)
 I forgot turning the light off. (= I actually turned it off. I forgot that I had done that.)
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 AGREEMENT

1. Subject-Verb Agreement
Singular subjects must go with singular verbs; plural subjects must go with plural verbs.
 They want to develop a new ventilation system.
 She wants to get a job in marketing.
Note:
1.1. Modifiers do not affect the number of the verb.
 The teacher, along with his students, wants to play soccer.
1.2. Expressions of time, distance, price, and weight need a singular verb.
 Ten dollars is too much for a lunch.
1.3. In case of fractions or their equivalents, the noun in the of-phrase determines
the number of the verb.
 Two-thirds of the land has been sold.
 Two-thirds of the students in that class are male.
1.4. The number of the verb is determined by what is next to it in sentences with
either A or B, or neither A nor B.
 Either he or his pupils are going to help us.
 Either his pupils or he is going to help us.

2. Determiner and Noun Agreement

Modifiers and nouns modified by them agree in number.
Noun Modifiers Examples
a/an, every, each, every/ each employee is another problem was
Singular another
much, less, (a) little much competition is little information was

many, several, (a) many/ several students few employees were

Plural
few, other, a variety are a variety of skills other employees were
of are
some, any, no, most some students are some information is
Either
(of), a lot of most problems are most of the equipment is

Note: Every/ Another + number (>1) + plural noun

every day/mile every two days/miles another week/mile another two weeks/miles
another man/ another five men another dollar/ another fifty dollars

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 NOUNS AND PRONOUNS
1. Countable nouns (common nouns, collective nouns): Use a/an for singular
forms and add s/es for plural forms.
 We have an orange cat.
 Look at the cars on the street.
2. Uncountable nouns (material nouns, proper nouns, abstract nouns)
cannot be used with a/an or as a plural form.
 The horse needs food and water.
 I need ten sheets of paper.
3. The following are uncountable nouns: furniture, luggage, baggage, news,
information, mail, advice,…
 We bought a lot of furniture for our new house.
 How many pieces of baggage do you have?
4. Nouns can act as subjects, complements, and objects.
 Michael works for a computer company.
 Lucy is a travel agent.
 Everyone is looking for the lost child.
5. Possessives, and Personal and Reflexive Pronouns
Reflexive/
Subjective Objective Possessive Possessive
emphatic
pronouns pronouns adjectives pronouns
pronouns
1st Singular I me my mine myself
Person Plural we us our ours ourselves
2nd Singular you you your yours yourself
Person Plural you you your yours yourselves
Singular he him his his himself
3 rd Singular she her her hers herself
person Singular it it its its itself
Plural they them their theirs themselves
6. Other pronouns: Another/ others/ the other/ the others
One / The other: Used when there are two things/people, etc.
 Of the two pens, one is red, and the other is white.
One / Another / The other: Used when there are three things/people, etc.
 He has three brothers: one is a doctor, another is a professor, and the other is a singer.
One / Another / The others: Used when there are more than three things/people, etc.
 We have five dogs: one is from Scotland, another is from Germany, and the
others are from Spain.

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 RELATIVE CLAUSES
1. Relative Pronouns
1.1. Who, which, that
Who is used when the antecedent is a person, while which is used when the
antecedent is not a person. However, that as a relative pronoun can replace either
who or which, and it is preferred especially after all, everything, nothing, the
only…, and superlatives.
 The woman is a singer. She lives next door. (= The woman who/that lives
next door is a singer.)
1.2. Notice that which can refer to the entire preceding clause.
 John didn’t pass the test, which (NOT that or what) disappointed his father.
1.3. Possessive of the relative pronouns
Possessive can be expressed by whose, whether or not the antecedent is a person.
When the antecedent is not a person, of which…may also be used.
 The man is my uncle. His car broke down. (= The man whose car broke
down is my uncle.)
1.4. What (= the thing which)
The relative pronoun what is different from the other relative pronouns in that it is
not preceded by a noun.
 He believes what he hears. (= He believes the thing that/which he hears.)

2. Relative Adverbs
When, Where, How, Why
the day/month/year/time etc. + when:
 I remember the day (when) we met.
the hotel/park/place etc. + in which OR where:
 Is this the park in which you two met? (=Is this the park where you two met?)
the way and how:
 This is the way he did it. (= This is how he did it.)
Note: The way and how cannot be used together.
the reason + why:
 This is the reason (why) he got upset.

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 ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
1. Adjectives
► adj + that
 I'm glad that you came.
 It's important that we work together.
► adj + to
 We are happy to be here.
 I was shocked to see him.
► adj + V-ing
Busy, foolish, worth, worthwhile, …
 She was foolish lending him a lot of money.
► adj + prep +V-ing
 She is good at playing tennis.
 I'm tired of listening to this music.
► Superlative form + to
 She was the last to arrive.
 He's the oldest athlete to win a gold medal.
► Adjectival suffixes
-able considerable reliable -ic realistic specific
-ive effective impressive -ous famous spacious
-ful successful respectful -ant/-ent significant convenient
-al exceptional intentional -ate private moderate
-y necessary risky -ly costly timely

2. Adverbs
► Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, other adverbs and clauses.
 She speaks English fluently and correctly.
 You are entirely wrong.
 He worked really hard.
 I nearly fell over his feet.
 Unluckily, she did not pass her graduation exam.
►Adverbs of frequency (always, usually, frequently, generally, often, occasionally,
sometimes, seldom, rarely, hardly, never,…) come after an auxiliary verb and
before a main verb.
 She can rarely drive to work in less than an hour.
 You should always brush your teeth after eating.
Note: Only partial negation occurs when “not” is used with all, both, every,
whole, entirely, always, necessarily, or completely.
 I couldn't solve all the problems. Some of them were too difficult.
 You don't necessarily have to attend the meeting.

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 COMPARISONS
1. Regular comparison
1.1. When comparing things, shorts adjectives end in –er/-est.
 dark – darker – the darkest  hot – hotter – the hottest
 happy – happier – the happiest  scary – scarier – the scariest
1.2. For long adjectives (two or more syllables) used in comparisons, place more,
most, less, or least before the adjective.
 beautiful – more beautiful – the most beautiful
 expensive – less expensive – the least expensive
2. Irregular Comparison
A few adjectives and adverbs have comparative and superlative forms that are
different from their regular forms.
 good/well – better – the best ▪ bad/badly – worse – the worst
 much/many – more – the most ▪ little – less – the least
 far – farther/further – the farthest/furthest
Note: Further is used for both greater distance and more of something, while farther is
only used for greater distance.
3. As – As comparatives
Only the regular form of an adjective or adverb comes between as and as; for example,
 He is as old as I am.(formal)
 He speaks English as fluently as his brother does.
Note:
 Modification of Comparatives
Comparatives can be modified by the following words: much, very much, far, a
little, a bit, a lot, any, no, even, still, but NOT too, very, and so.
 He is a bit taller than me.
 This is even worse than that one.
 She is so taller than I am. (WRONG)
 Choosing Between Comparatives and Superlatives
3.1. Choose a comparative form if than appears in the sentence.
 He is taller than his brother.
3.2. The presence of ever, (of) all, possible, in the world, … is a strong suggestion
that a superlative is needed.
 This is the highest building I have ever seen.
 Of all the girls over there, Ly is the tallest.

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 CONDITIONALS

1. Patterns
Present Factual If + S + V(simple present), S + V (simple
condition: present)
If you heat water to 1000C, it boils.
Type 1: Probable If + S + V(simple present),
+ S +shall/ will/can/must/may… + base verb
+ Imperative (Do/Don’t + base verb)
If you stay, I will stay, too.
Type 2: Unreal at the If + S + V + ed/VC2/were (simple past tense),
present or in the S + should/would/could/might… + base verb
future If you stayed, I would stay, too.
Type 3: Unreal in the past If + S + had + P.P (past participle),
S + should/would/could/might have + P.P.
If you had stayed, I would have stayed, too.

2. Meanings & Usages

2.1. Present condition: always true
 If oil is mixed with water, it floats. = When oil is mixed with water, it floats.
2.2. Type 1: stating a future event
 If you complete this course, you will get a great job.
 If you are not studious, you will not pass the examinations.
= Unless you are studious, you will not pass the examinations.

2.3. Type 2: contrasting with a present event

 If I were a billionaire, I would travel around the world.
= Were I a billionaire, I would travel around the world.
2.4. Type 3: contrasting with a past event
 If we had known the problem, we could have done something.
= Had we known the problem, we could have done something.
2.5. Should + S + V (bare inf.): in place of “If” in zero, first and second types of
conditional sentences
 If he comes, please call me.
= Should he come, please call me.

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 ANSWERS FOR END-OF-TERM SAMPLE
TEST (SELF-STUDY)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
LISTENING

C B B B C B C C A A C B C C B B A A B C
21 22 23 24 25
A C B C A

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