The sound /I/ at the end of words The sounds /p/ and /au/ Word linking in fast speech Emphatic stress Stress and the sound /a/ in word families 1 The sound /I/ at the end of words Notice the special pronunciation of /V/in English when it comes at the end of a word or syllable: rn 1H help you. Hyou have problems with this sound, try adding a shor Jo! sound before the /V/ sound, Hull Io! Ithelp you. 1 Freddi is a foreign speaker of English. Listen to these dialogues. Sometimes Freddi gets the AV sound right when he says ll, but sometimes he misses it out. Tick (V) the box if he pronounces [ll correctly. Cross (X) the box if he pronounces it incorrectly. aC Waiter Are you ready to order? Freddi Yes, Tithave a cheeseburger, please. b () Ann Is Clara there, please? Freddi Just a minute...’ go and see... 22 Units ¢ C] Freddi rithelp you with that! Ethel Thank you very much, dear, you're very kind! 4 (Alan We need some more drinks! Freddi OK, T'l go and get some. e () Clerk Single or return, sir? Freddi Er... ll just havea single, thank you. isten to Freddi’ lines from the dialogues again. This time he pronounces I'll correctly every time, Practise the sentences with I'll pronouncing it correctly, like this: T'/o/ Il... T Jo Ihave a cheeseburger, 3 Here are some more words ending in /. Practise them in the same way as above. meal title people petrol travel national couple cancel } Dipindai dengan CamScanner2 The sounds /o/ and /au/ Listen to these two English names, One isa man’s name and the other is a woman's name. Can you hear the difference between them? Jo! Jou! John Joan 2 Listen and write the sound that you hear: Jo! or /a. al a sCJ iff *CO «CJ sf «CU ‘OO rO i 1 Onn” th ise ing the sounds. /olis.a short sound. You make it at the back of the ‘mouth. Your lips should be round. open sngwing sew Listen to these dialogues and underline all sounds, a. John! It's Joan on the phone, Oh no! Not Joan! b It’s going to snow. Oh ... [won't go home then No...? ¢ OK then! I'm going, What? ... oh ... please don’t go, Polly! 4 He won't show me those holiday photos, you know! ‘Why won't he show you them? don’t know. Listen again and underline all the /ou/ sounds like this awa. Onn 4 Practise reading the dialogues with a partner. Pay attention to the pronunciation of /o/ and /au/. Uoies 23 Dipindai dengan CamScannerCerio eeecea 3 Word linking in fast speech 1 BEEBEH Listen and complete the dialogue below ithout looking at the box below, 68; ? g % lo Adam Hello, (a) Adam. oO Jess, please? Paul I'm afraid (c) ‘moment. (d) call you back as soon as she (¢) 2 ‘Adam Mmm OK... ifshe () few minutes but I'm going (g) —— hour. I'll be hy o'clock. Shall I) then? Paul I think she’s G) ___on.. Ob,(k)_ ST think she’s shower now. Jess! (m) ____ phone! Jess Thanks, (n) 0 Adam! Hello! (0) __? 2 Did you find it difficult to hear the missing words? If'so, why do you think this is? 28 Units 3. Check and correct your answers using the box below to help you. Notice how words can be linked together when you speak very quickly. You also hear some letters at the end that are usually silent. ‘Adam Hello, thi jg Adam. | Can J speak to Jess, please? | Paul I'm pfraid she'g jn the shower gt the moment. | V{gskfshetl call you back 9s s00n ps she ‘gets put OK? | ‘Adam Mmm_OK | buty'm going pu back st about if she gets put in. a few minutes| 1p quarter of an hour [ll be ht pelock. | Shall | tre pgsin then? Paul I think she's going put later pn... Oh, just p minute, | think she's coming ut pf the shower ‘now. | Jess! I’ Adam pn the phone! | Jess Thanks. J'.gnswor jt upstairs. | Adam! Hello! | How pre you 4 Listen to the dialogue again. Stop the tape after each section (marked | in the box above) to practise the linking. You may find this easier if you imagine that the linked words are all one long word: thig jg Adam > thisizadam Practise the dialogue with a partner, paying attention to the linking so that you can read it quickly and fluently. Dipindai dengan CamScannerSentence stress 4 Emphatic stress 1 Listen to the dialogue between Sally and her srandiather, Unfortunately her grandfather is dea, He also worries a lot about what Sally does, and who she mest. Sally I'm going to meet Ann, Grandfather, Grandfather You're going to meet Sam? Who's Sam? Sally Not Sam— Ann, We're going to play tennis. Grandfather You're going to play with Dennis? And who's Dennis? Sally Not Dennis. Tennis. We're going to play tennis in the park. Grandfather You're going to play with Dennis and Mark? Who are all these boys you're going to meet? Sally I'm not going to meet any boys, Grandfather. 1'm going to play tennis in the park - with Ann, a girl... oh, never mind ... see you later! Grandfather Dennis ...? Mark ...? Sam ...? The gitl’s going mad! Sally and her grandfather stress a lot of words very strongly in the conversation, Listen again and mark . the very stressed words like this: Sam. Why do they stress these particular words? @j= p. 57 3 Listen again and read the dialogue with the tape. You can just hum the words like this: mm MM-mm mm MM MM, MM-mm-mm Tm going to meet Ann, Grandfather Pay attention to the stress, though. 4 Practise reading the dialogue with a partner, still paying attention to the words that are stressed strongly. 5 Stress and the sound /a/ in word families 1 Listen and decide whether the words you hear are verbs, nouns, or adjectives. Complete the table below. Notice that there is not always a word for cach column. “Verb ‘Adjective ‘Noun arrange _ areangement ons 2 Listen again and mark the stress in each word, like this: e . arrange arrangement Isit always the same syllable that is stressed, or does it change? ors 3 In Unit | you practised weak vowel sounds. This the most common vowel sound in English. ‘There are nineteen words in the table above and they contain twenty-two weak vowel sounds! Can you find them all? Underline them, like this: arrange arrangement Listen again and check your answers. Practise saying the words paying attention to the stress and weak vowel sounds. On nse Units 28 Dipindai dengan CamScanner