How much do
you remember?
Take the following quiz and answer the questions briefly
1. Who was the 2. Which two 3. Which other name
ruling King before houses fought in the did The Battle of
the Battle of Battle of Bosworth? Bosworth have?
Bosworth? (Name the Houses) Why?
6. Which family
5. What happened
4. Who won the ruled in England
to the other
battle? for more than 100
person?
years?
Henry VII –
King on
England
Now, what´s next?
Henry Tudor, King of
England 1485 - 1509
In 1485, Henry Tudor, became the
new King of England, Henry VII.
He had become King by fighting. His
problem now was how to remain King.
He had to act quickly if he was to feel
safe.
Five months later, he married Elizabeth
of York.
He hoped this would end the squabbles
between the families of York and
Lancaster which had gone on for 30
years. But the Yorkists went on plotting
against him and Henry had to put down
two mayor rebellions.
11:40 / 12:57
The barons were Henry´s biggest problem. They were wealthy and
powerful. Some of them kept many of their servants in uniform. They
could be used at any time as a private army against the King. So the King
had to bring these barons under control. Henry made a law which banned
private armies.
Henry VII´s Yeomen
Because the King feared for ongoing rebellions,
he established a private Guard for himself.
They were called “Yeomen” .
The Yeomen of the Guard were responsible for
the king’s safety on journeys at home or abroad
and on the battlefield; within the precincts of his
palaces, they guarded the entrances and tasted
the king’s food.
26:43/44
The Court of Star Chamber
• Didn´t use juries and allowed
torture to be used.
• Didn´t have to call Parliament
frequently by using diplomacy
to avoid wars.
• Set a stable government for the
rest of the Tudors.
Henry´s solution to his problems
One solution was to make the barons give him sums of money. They were
called “loans” or “gifts”, but the barons had to pay them, and they didn´t
get them back.
Once, Henry even persuaded the Parliament to give him money to fight
the French. Then, he got the French King to pay him NOT to fight!
Henry VII , Arthur and Henry VIII
Henry was very anxious that his son, Arthur, should be a
secure King. That was one reason for piling up money and
destroying the power of the barons. He did not want
Arthur to fight wars abroad, so he married Arthur to a
Spanish princess called Catherine of Aragon.
But five months later, Arthur died.
Henry did not want to lose the Spanish alliance, so he
arranged for Catherine to marry his other son, Henry.
Henry VII did not live to see the marriage. He died in
1509.
He left his son wealth, peace and a safe throne.
He had also arranged for young Henry to marry a woman
who was over five yearls older tan he was.
In 1509, no one knew what problems that would cause.
Your turn to
work!
Write one sentence about each of the
following words:
BARON – REBELLION – FINE –
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Write out and complete the sentences
1. In 1485, Henry Tudor …..
2. He married Elizabeth of York to stop……
3. His biggest problem was ……
4. Henry used the Court of Star Chamber to …..
Henry VIII
Henry VII left his son a fortune and Henry VIII very
quickly spent it. His father had avoided expensive
wars, Henry VIII could hardly wait to win a great
battle.
In 1513, he took an army to France and beat the
French. But this war used up all his father´s savings.
Two weeks before his father died, Henry VIII
married Catherine of Aragon
Catherine was a good wife to Henry. In 1513, while Henry was in France, the
Scottish King attacked England. The Queen got together and army and the
Scots were beaten. The Scottish King was killed and Queen Catherine sent
Henry a present. It was the dead King´s coat, stained with blood.
But… there was a problem. Henry wanted a son more than anything. He
believed that England would be considered weak if he didn´t have a son.
Other countries might attack England. Henry wanted to feel that the future
was safe.
Catherine had several babies but only one lived more
than a few weeks. It was a girl. They called her Mary.
By 1527, Catherine was over forty and probably too old
to have any more children. Anyway, she was spending
more time in praying and less in dancing the night away.
She was no longer pretty.
And Henry had fallen in love with a young girl with black
eyes and long flowing hair.
Her name was Anne Boleyn.
He wanted to marry her but, first, he
had to divorce Catherine.
England was a Catholic country, so
Henry had to ask the Pope to allow his
divorce. Henry´s Chancellor tried hard
to persuade the Pope but he would not
agree.
