THYNE1

Compact Excitation
Product Description

Excitation
 Identification PB THYNE1.103

Version.Revision 1.03

Issuing date 19.06.2009

This document is applicable to the following product(s):

THYNE1

© 2009 by ANDRITZ HYDRO GmbH, Alle Rechte vorbehalten.

Die Weitergabe und Vervielfältigung dieses Dokuments oder von Teilen davon ist - gleich welcher Art und Weise - nur mit schriftlicher
Genehmigung der Firma ANDRITZ HYDRO gestattet. Technische Daten dienen nur der Produktbeschreibung und sind keine zuge-
sicherten Eigenschaften im Rechtssinn. Subject to change - also as regards technological aspects.

2 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

1. Overview................................................................................................................ 5
1.1. Tasks Assigned to Excitation Systems........................................................................................6
1.2. Fields of Application ....................................................................................................................7
1.3. Single Line Diagram ....................................................................................................................8

2. Technique.............................................................................................................. 9
2.1. Arrangements..............................................................................................................................9
2.2. Features ....................................................................................................................................10
2.3. Types of Power Circuit Supply .................................................................................................. 11
2.3.1. With Excitation Transformer in Generator Shunt Field Connection...................................11
2.3.2. With Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG).......................................................................12
2.3.3. External- and Test Supply from the Station Auxiliary System ...........................................13
2.3.4. Compact Sites and Smaller Generators ............................................................................14
2.4. Power Circuit Design .................................................................................................................15
2.4.1. Rectifier Unit and 3-Phase Overvoltage Protection ...........................................................15
2.4.2. Field Flashing / Initial Excitation.........................................................................................16
2.5. Digital Part / Microprocessor .....................................................................................................17
2.5.1. Automatic Voltage Regulator AVR (Automatic Mode) .......................................................17
2.5.2. Field Current Regulator FCR (Manual Mode)....................................................................18
2.5.3. Automatic Follow-Up and Change Over between AVR and FCR......................................18
2.5.4. Digital Sequencer .............................................................................................................. 18
2.5.5. Touch Panel.......................................................................................................................18
2.5.6. Digital Inputs and Outputs .................................................................................................19

3. Options ................................................................................................................ 23
3.1. Redundant Supply of the Power Circuit.....................................................................................23
3.2. Further Options .........................................................................................................................24
3.3. Ordering Code ...........................................................................................................................25

4. Technical Specifications .................................................................................... 27

4.1. Housing and Dimensions ..........................................................................................................27
4.2. Electrical Specifications.............................................................................................................29

A. Single Line Diagrams ......................................................................................... 31

B. Reader´s Reactions ............................................................................................ 33

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 3 / 36

 Figures

Figures

Fig. 1 Generator Operation Diagram...................................................................................................6

Fig. 2 Single Line Diagram..................................................................................................................8
Fig. 3 Power Circuit with Excitation Transformer in Shunt Field Connection ....................................11
Fig. 4 Power Circuit with Permanent Magnet Generator...................................................................13
Fig. 5 Power Circuit for Compact Sites .............................................................................................14
Fig. 6 Power Circuit Single Line Diagram .........................................................................................15
Fig. 7 Ordering Code.........................................................................................................................25
Fig. 8 Housing Dimensions ...............................................................................................................27
Fig. 9 Touch Panel Dimensions ........................................................................................................28
Fig. 10 Single Line Diagram THYNE1 in Shunt Field Connection ......................................................31
Fig. 11 Single Line Diagram THYNE1 with PMG ................................................................................32

4 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Overview

1. Overview

THYNE1 is a digital compact excitation system for small synchronous

machines or synchronous generators with a pilot exciter machine.

It supports a large number of operating modes. High flexibility is

achieved by an integrated sequencer and control unit, and a large
number of interfaces. Using the most state-of-the-art IGBT
semiconductor technology, the power unit meets the highest standards.

Unique Features

• Power circuit supply can be freely chosen: AC or DC

• Measurement of actual values can be single-phase, two-phase, or three-phase
• Power circuit makes use of IGBT1 with de-excitation device, allowing for two-quadrant operation
• Control and sequencer in micro-processor technology
• Operation using a color touch panel
• 25A rated output current at 45°C (40A surge current)
• Power circuit efficiency 99 %
• Regulating accuracy 0.2 %
• 16 digital inputs and 21 digital outputs (all electrically isolated)
• Up to 3 analog inputs and 3 analog outputs (4-20mA)
• Additional interfaces via ETHERNET or MODBUS
• Soft-Start function
• Integrated freewheeling circuit
• Diode failure supervision
• Power system stabilizer (PSS2B)
• Power outputs are short-circuit proof

This document is a general system description and covers all possible performances with
variants and options of the excitation system THYNE1. For the detailed and actual performance
please refer to the "Technical specification and scope of supply THYNE1".

1 Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor. Features: minimal on-state power loss, high off-state voltage, robustness, almost powerless
gating; also some robustness against short-circuit, since the IGBT limits the load current.

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 5 / 36

 Overview

1.1. Tasks Assigned to Excitation Systems

For the operation of a synchronous generator a magnetic rotor field is required which is produced by a
DC current flowing in the rotor windings. This DC current is generated by the excitation system.

There are several kinds of excitation systems which are employing either rotating machinery or static
elements. A static excitation system is connected via an excitation transformer to a power source.
Should the source be the generator winding itself we are referring to a "shunt field" excitation system.
When the excitation transformer is connected to an external power source, e.g. an AC generator on the
rotor shaft or to the auxiliary supply of the plant, it is denominated as excitation system "with external
supply", or "external excitation". The voltage output of the excitation transformer is rectified and
regulated and is transmitted to the field winding via the rotor brushes.

A further possibility is the use of a pilot exciter machine. It can either be a brushless AC exciter with
flywheel diodes or, especially in older plants, a DC exciter machine. The pilot exciter is acting as an
amplifier of the field current. The flywheel diodes are mounted on the common shaft of the generator
rotor and pilot exciter and are supplying the necessary DC current for the rotor. The regulation of the
pilot exciter field is performed via a voltage regulator.

The excitation performs either

• production and regulation of the generator voltage when not connected to the power grid or when
operating as an isolated system, or
• production and regulation of the reactive power when operating in parallel with other units to the
power system. Maintaining the voltage level is caused by the grid system itself provided that it is
able to do so. When during on-line operation the rotor current is reduced too much then the
stability of the generator set is also decreasing. This can lead to loss of synchronism with
subsequent damage to the generator within a relatively short period due to additional currents
circulating in the generator windings. In parallel operation, generator speed and active power
output is solely determined by the turbine drive.

The power diagram below schematically shows the permissible load range for stable operation of the
generator set.

Stability limit P (pu), active power

Max. permissable stator current

Max. permissable rotor current

0.5
Operating range

-1 -0,5 0,5 1 Q (pu), reactive power

Min. permissable rotor current

Fig. 1 Generator Operation Diagram

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Overview

1.2. Fields of Application

THYNE1 is an integrated and compact solution whenever excitation and regulation of small and medium
sized synchronous alternators, having either AC or DC exciter machines, is required.

THYNE1 supports all prevalent excitation configurations, as there are

• generator shunt field excitation
• excitation supplied from auxiliaries service
• excitation supplied from a permanent magnet generator
• excitation supplied from a DC supply (battery)

THYNE1 is not only suitable for new power plants but can also be applied successfully and with
advantage for refurbishment of existing plants due to easy and quick installation, with a minimum
amount of power outage.

Local operation, alarm annunciation facilities and visualization on a color touch panel enable the
operating staff to locally control the excitation system, read the actual measured values and also provide
swift and precise diagnosis and repair in case of component failure.

Designed as a "black box with interfaces", THYNE1 is an excitation system easy to integrate during
engineering. Because of its modest dimensions it can be easily mounted in a cubicle. Effortlessly
accessible terminal strips facilitate the installation of the device. It is of modern design, having a touch
panel for clear indication and can optimally be adapted to any extension possibilities and options
according to customer specific requirements and plant conditions.

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 7 / 36

 Overview

1.3. Single Line Diagram

Alternative
Station Supply

Voltage Current
Sensing Sensing
3~
GEN
Battery
Excitation
Transformer, (Power Supply
or Field Flashing)
1- or 3-phase

THYNE1 Power Supply

Field
Power 7-ch, 1Msp/s ADC 24-60VDC//
Supply 110-250VAC/VDC
Power Supply
32 Bit Floating
Point DSP for
IGBT
Switch Control
Regulation THYNE1
with
Current Limiter
Defluxing 16 Bit Micro
Resistor for Control &
(int.) Communication

21 Relais Outputs 16 Wide Range Opto Inputs

Fig. 2 Single Line Diagram

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Technique

2. Technique

2.1. Arrangements

THYNE1 can be installed into a cubicle or mounted on a panel or metal plate.

Three designs are available:

THYNE1 with integrated touch panel THYNE1 without touch panel

Suitable for panel mounting This should be preferred if local operation is
not required

THYNE1 without touch panel, touch panel detached

THYNE1 can be installed in a cubicle while the touch panel is mounted in the cubicle door

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 9 / 36

 Technique

2.2. Features

THYNE1, the compact excitation device, is distinguished by an uniform hard- and software for all
variants of the power circuit supply. Besides the power circuit it contains the voltage regulator, the field
current regulator, additional regulators as well as the complete sub-automatic system necessary for the
control of the individual components.

THYNE1 features
• Internal overvoltage protection
• Device for discharging the excitation machine’s field circuit
• Initial excitation effective for generator shunt field excitation
• Automatic voltage regulator (AVR) with limiters and additional regulators (for automatic operation)
• Field current regulator (manual mode)
• Touch panel for visualization and for operating the device or excitation cubicle locally (commands,
alarms, parameter setting, display)
• Automatic follow-up and transfer between voltage regulator and field current regulator (manually,
or automatically in case of AVR failure)
• Potential-free inputs and outputs for interconnection with higher-level systems (control system, protection)
• Integrated digital sequencer for internal control sequences
• Suitable for excitation of an AC or DC exciter machine
• Supply configurations (up to the maximum of 3 x 250 VAC, or 350 VDC)
─ External excitation transformer in generator shunt field connection
─ Supplied from the auxiliary service
─ Supplied from permanent magnet generator
─ Supplied from station battery
─ Redundant supply, e.g. battery and shunt field connection
• For supply frequencies of 0 (DC) up to 440Hz
• For field rated current up to 25 A max. and field rated voltage up to 210 VDC max., continuously
• Ceiling voltage up to max. 320 VDC and ceiling current up to max. 40 ADC / 10 s
• SHARC Microprocessor (control), C167 Microcontroller (sequencer), Samsung (touch panel)
• Voltage regulation in automatic mode with inner loop current regulating
• Adjustable active and reactive load compensation
• Extensive limiters included with all THYNE1 types (see 2.5.1, "Automatic Voltage Regulator AVR
(Automatic Mode)")
• Isolated operation detected by frequency deviation
• Additional regulators: Power factor regulator or reactive power regulator, switchable
• Electronic components supplied from battery and in addition, as a redundant supply, from the
power circuit supply
• Provision to add a change over selection for a test supply from the auxiliaries
• Following measured values are displayed on the touch panel
─ Generator voltage
─ Generator current
─ Field current
─ Generator active power
─ Generator reactive power
─ Generator power factor
• Chronological sequence of alarms display of an excitation failure
• Bus connection via IEC 60870-5-104
• Bus connection via MODBUS

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Technique

2.3. Types of Power Circuit Supply

2.3.1. With Excitation Transformer in Generator Shunt Field Connection

The excitation power is preferably taken three-phase or single-phase from generator terminals in shunt
field connection, or taken from the grid via an excitation transformer, and supplied to THYNE1 via a
latched contactor (see Fig. 3). THYNE1 rectifies the voltage and delivers it to the excitation machine’s
field.

When using a high voltage excitation transformer the voltage is first transformed to 3 x 400 V, and then
transformed from 3 x 400 V to the to the field requirements of the excitation machine, using an excitation
matching transformer. This way one can, for test purpose, switch over to an independent test supply.

The high- and/or low voltage transformers are of dry cast-resin type.

For supplying power to the THYNE1 device itself, the device has to be connected to a station battery.

Test
Supply
Excitation Actual
Transformer Values
Acquisition

change over selection Machine Arrangement

for test supply
DC Exciter Machine
Matching

=
Transformer

Latched
Contactor
AC Exciter Machine
THYNE1 Gen

Station Battery for

Field Flashing
Field Flashing
Contactor

Current Boost (OPTION)

Station Battery for

Power Supply

Fig. 3 Power Circuit with Excitation Transformer in Shunt Field Connection

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 11 / 36

 Technique

This system supports two machine arrangements:

• AC exciter machines
• DC exciter machines

The field- and rotor parameters can be operating within following ranges:
• Field voltage: positive and negative
• Field current: positive
• Rotor voltage and rotor current: positive

With a shunt field excitation the excitation supply voltage is lost during close-up generator short circuit
faults and the synchronous alternator is de-excited. In case of a high continuous short circuit current is
required from the generator, current boost supplied from the station battery can be designed. For
connecting the battery THYNE1 has separate terminals (also see Fig. 3).

It certainly has to be taken into consideration that battery and AC supply circuits are
not electrically isolated from each other.

2.3.2. With Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG)

The excitation power is taken from a three-phase PMG, mounted on the generator shaft and therefore
rotating with the generator, and supplied to THYNE1 via a latched contactor. THYNE1 rectifies the
voltage and delivers it to the excitation machine’s field (see Fig. 4). This type of supply is independent
from the external system grid and is producing the whole excitation power for generator close-up faults.

For supplying power to the THYNE1 device itself, the device has to be connected to the station battery.

This system supports two machine arrangements:

• AC exciter machines
• DC exciter machines

The field- and rotor parameters can be operating within following ranges:
• Field voltage: positive and negative
• Field current: positive
• Rotor voltage and rotor current: positive

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Technique

Test
Supply

Actual
Values
Acquisition

Machine Arrangement

DC Exciter Machine
Change Over Selection

=
for Test Supply

AC Exciter Machine
PMG THYNE1 Gen

Latched
Contactor

Station Battery for

Power Supply

Fig. 4 Power Circuit with Permanent Magnet Generator

2.3.3. External- and Test Supply from the Station Auxiliary System

During first commissioning (i.e. short circuit- and open circuit tests, generator heat run, protection and
excitation settings) and for subsequent periodic checks an external supply to the excitation system, i.e.
an external excitation, is required which is not depending on the generator voltage.

For this purpose an independent external supply from the station auxiliary system can be taken. Now the
excitation system supply is switched via the matching transformer and a control selector switch to the
station auxiliary system. The field current can now be adjusted in manual mode with the field regulator
from zero up to nominal current (thereto see Fig. 3 und Fig. 4).

This auxiliary test supply is designed to also serve as a redundant power source with the generator on-
line and operated by the voltage regulator.

In case of a safe station auxiliary system, usually being available in thermal power plants, this supply can
also be utilized for the excitation during normal on-line operation via a low voltage excitation transformer.

If the auxiliaries service feeder is designed to supply the required power, generator and externally
supplied excitation perform with the same power- and dynamic characteristics, as the generator being
operated on load in shunt field operation. The difference may be that the external supply is more prone
to temporary failure than the exclusive supply from the generator terminals.

In case of an auxiliaries service voltage outage the generator excitation cannot be maintained any
longer.

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 13 / 36

 Technique

2.3.4. Compact Sites and Smaller Generators

For rather simple applications and small generators, especially low-voltage generators, when there is no
station battery, the power to be supplied to THYNE1 can also be taken from the power circuit supply.
Take notice that the supply voltage has to be transformed by means of a matching transformer (see Fig.
5).

For these apllications the supply contactor can be omitted since the de-excitation device inside THYNE1
will reliably de-excite the generator.

Compared to a permanent supply from battery, a disadvantage lies in the fact that all recordings and
stored alarms are lost in case the supplied power is lost.

With this method the shunt field is built up by means of the generator's remanence. For this, the device
option self-start ability has to be set in the ordering code (further details see 3.3, "Ordering Code").

Excitation Actual
Transformer Values
Acquisition

Machine Arrangement

DC Exciter Machine

=
AC Exciter Machine
THYNE1 Gen

Matching
Transformer for
Power Supply

Current Boost (OPTION)

Fig. 5 Power Circuit for Compact Sites

14 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Technique

2.4. Power Circuit Design

2.4.1. Rectifier Unit and 3-Phase Overvoltage Protection

There are 6 input terminals for the power circuit supply. To these terminals a single-phase or three-
phase supply voltage can be connected, or else a station battery (Fig. 6). A combination of the supplies
is possible as well, e.g. AC supply and battery, whereby it has to be taken into consideration that all input
voltages are equipotentially connected by the internal diode bridge. Electrical isolation of these voltage
systems can be achieved by means of an external matching transformer in the AC supply circuit.

All supply voltages fed into THYNE1 are rectified by a diode bridge and then fed to an IGBT which works
as main switch. Before that main switch capacitors of high capacity are located in order to protect
against overvoltage on the inputs.

Selbstanlaufüberbrückung
Initial-power-up-control

Entmagnetisierungskreis
Defluxing circuit

Hauptschalter
Main switch
N
Feldstromerfassung
Field current sensing
Phase L1
Freilaufkreis für
asynchronen
Phase L2 Hochlauf Feld
Reverse field
field
Phase L3 current protection

Batterie +

Batterie -

Alternativer
Entmagnetisierungskreis
alternative defluxing
circuit

Interner Entmagnetisierungswiderstand
Internal field defluxing resistor

innerhalb THYNE1
inside THYNE1

Externer Entmagnetisierungswiderstand
External field defluxing resistor

Fig. 6 Power Circuit Single Line Diagram

The negative voltage required for two-quadrant operation can be achieved by controlling the IGBTs with
an appropriate delay angle. When commutating to the de-excitation circuit the field voltage changes
polarity. Therefore, positive and negative field voltage are possible (two-quadrant operation), resulting in
a high speed regulator response.

All power semiconductors are mounted on the main heat sink. This heat sink is designed for natural
cooling. THYNE1 therefore does not require a cooling fan. When choosing a place where to install
THYNE1 one shall only ensure sufficient cooling air supply from below.

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 15 / 36

 Technique

The power circuit is equipped with IGBT elements. These semiconductor components will be deployed
increasingly in power electronics because the unite in one single component the advantages of the
bipolar transistor (minimal on-state power loss, high off-state voltage, robustness) and the advantages of
the field-effect transistor (almost powerless gating). Robustness against short-circuit is also a further
advantage, since the IGBT limits the load current.

2.4.2. Field Flashing / Initial Excitation

Self-excitation during start up of a synchronous generator equipped with a shunt field excitation system
can only be secured with additional measures since the residual voltage is not sufficient to provide the
energy required. Only a small generator's residual voltage is sufficient for self-excitation.

The energy required for field flashing is supplied from the station battery and delievered to THYNE1
through the battery terminals. When the excitation is switched on the AC supply contactor is closed first.
If there is not sufficient AC voltage the start up contactor is closed and remains closed until the shunt
field operation threshold is reached. THYNE1 is regulating to the adjusted setpoint-value.

When an excitation system is supplied externally or from a permanent magnet generator, field flashing is
not necessary.

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Technique

2.5. Digital Part / Microprocessor

2.5.1. Automatic Voltage Regulator AVR (Automatic Mode)

The microprocessor-controlled digital voltage regulator (automatic voltage regulator, AVR) is the heart of
the excitation system. In addition to the voltage regulator the system contains required limiters and
additional regulators. The AVR output controls the IGBTs using pulse width modulation.

As soon as the generator voltage is established the electronic circuits are redundantly supplied with
voltage. The AVR is then supplied from the power circuit supply, AC or DC, and from the station battery.
The latter continues to supply without interruption, through decoupling diodes, the AVR at stand-still,
during initial excitation and during grid system voltage dips.

Functional Principle

The voltage regulator operates with two regulating loops. The first loop (for voltage regulation) with PID
structure and internal integration feedback is piloting the second regulating loop (for field current
regulation), which has a PI characteristic. Due to this two stage design a fast regulating dynamics as well
as high stability during all operating- and load conditions is achieved.

The actual measured values are electrically isolated by means of interposing CT's and prepared for
further processing by the DSP (digital signal processor).

Software

Sequencer program and regulator program are executed on different processors. Program and data are
stored in separate FLASH memories.

The following limiters and additional features are installed in all THYNE1 types:
• Maximum and minimum field current limiter with an instantaneous and delayed response
• Overfluxing limiter (V/Hz)
• Stator current limiter with current dependent delay (inverse time) for capacitive and inductive
generator operation.
• Underexcitation limiter (static and dynamic)
• Soft-start feature, i.e. start the initial raising of the generator voltage with a defined rate of rise,
without hunting
• Detection of isolated operation by frequency deviation

Optional limiters (further details see 3.2, "Further Options")

• Power system stabilizer (PSS)

In order to provide uttermost safety during operation the system is provided with extensive hard- and
software supervision features.
• Self-monitoring of the processors
• Monitoring of the supply voltages
• Regulator watchdog function

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 17 / 36

 Technique

2.5.2. Field Current Regulator FCR (Manual Mode)

For manual operation via the (internal) regulating loop the field current is regulated according to the
adjusted setpoint value. The potentiometer for the current regulator is again part of the software and also
requires no maintenance.

To increase availability, in this mode no limiters are effective, with exception of the field current setpoint
value is limited to a settable maximum value ("setpoint value field current regulator upper limit").

2.5.3. Automatic Follow-Up and Change Over between AVR and FCR

A smooth transfer from voltage regulator (automatic mode) to field current regulator (manual mode) is
possible during operation and is achieved either manual or automatic. Automatic change over takes
place on faults in the voltage regulator system, e.g. failure of the generator voltage actual value.

Transferring from field current- to voltage regulator mode can only be performed manually. A follow-up
regulator continuously adjusts the respective other operating mode so that in either way always balanced
conditions are present. When in manual mode the generator voltage exceeds the upper or falls short of
the lower limit of the automatic mode control range a change over is blocked.

2.5.4. Digital Sequencer

For sequencer, monitoring and alarm annunciation, integrated in the microprocessor system as part of
the software, the following functions available:
• Digital sequencer for proper initial excitation and de-excitation including operation of all necessary
contactors
• Input and output signal processing
• Monitoring of the excitation as well as alarm and trip signal output
• Displaying operating modes and alarms on the touch panel

2.5.5. Touch Panel

The color touch panel facilitates intuitive local operation and visualization. In addition to the display of all
setpoint and actual values, curve displays (e.g. trend display) are implemented in the touch panel. By
way of these functions and the clear text error memory, efficient commissioning and analysis in case of a
failure are made possible. Several touch panels each giving access to THYNE1 can be connected.
• Local display on the touch panel
─ Generator voltage
─ Generator current
─ Field current
─ Generator active power
─ Generator reactive power
─ Generator power factor
• Additional measured values and other values (e.g. settings values) can be displayed by calling
them up on the touch panel

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Technique

2.5.6. Digital Inputs and Outputs

The following digital inputs and outputs are pre-programmed in THYNE1 and are available potential-free
at the terminals.

Outputs
Designation
Output Normal Short Note
*)
A00 Excitation ON Informational signal
THYNE1 is in regular ON state. The generator voltage is
already built up.
*)
A01 Excitation OFF Informational signal
THYNE1 is in regular OFF state. The generator voltage is
zero.
A02 Excitation AUTO Informational signal
THYNE1 is in voltage regulation mode. This also applies in
VAR or P.F. regulator mode.
A03 Excitation MAN Informational signal
THYNE1 is in field current regulation mode. Therefore no
limiter is active.
A04 Excitation Ready Informational signal
THYNE1 is ready to switch on (start sequence). No trips
are activated.
A05 VAR Regulator preselected Informational signal
The VAR regulator is preselected as additional regulator
A06 P.F. Regulator preselected Informational signal
The p.f. regulator is preselected as additional regulator.
A07 Additional Regulator ON Informational signal
The additional regulator is currently active. This can be the
VAR regulator or the p.f. regulator, dependent on
preselection.
A08 Excitation Alarm Alarm signal
THYNE1 has encountered a fault. The accurate fault text
can be retrieved locally.
A09 Excitaton Trip Informational signal (inverse logic)
THYNE1 has activated or deactivated the trip signal.
Clearing the output means activating the trip signal.
This signal is also influenced by the watchdog output signal
(logical OR).
A10 Excitaton Trip Informational signal (inverse logic)
THYNE1 has activated or deactivated the trip signal.
Clearing the output means activating the trip signal.
This signal is also influenced by the watchdog output signal
(logical OR).
A11 Limit active Informational signal
THYNE1 has reached either the set value limit or the
threshold value of a limiter. The set value limit is valid for
the active regulator and means a violation of a limit, either
the lower or the upper limit.
A12 SPARE

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 19 / 36

 Technique

Designation
Output Normal Short Note

A13 Generator CB Interlocking Command

OFF command to the generator circuit breaker in order to
certainly open the circuit breaker in case of "Excitation
Trip" (A09, A10).
A14 Reactive Power = 0 Informational signal
The generator reactive power is 0 MVAr. Appropriate as
feedback signal of the "Reactive Power = 0" command
(E12).
A15 Excitation local Informational signal
Excitation operating mode is set to "local". Therefore
remote commands are not accepted.
A16 External Field Breaker ON Command
ON command to the external field breaker, e.g. in the main
machine's rotor circuit. Required only on sites with an
external field breaker.
A17 External Field Breaker OFF Same as A16, but OFF command.
A18 External Field Flashing Contactor Command
ON ON command, from excitation to the un-latched field
flashing contactor, controlled by the internal logic. Required
only on sites without external supply.
A19 AC Contactor ON Command
ON command, from excitation to the external latched AC
contactor, controlled by the internal logic. Required only on
sites where an external AC contactor is used.
A20 AC Contactor OFF Same as A19, but OFF command.
*)
If neither "Excitation ON" (A00) nor "Excitation OFF" A01) are active, either the start sequence or the stop sequence is
running.

Inputs

Designation
Input Normal Short Note

E00 Excitation ON Pulse command

THYNE1 initiates the start sequence. If the internal logic is
able to complete the start sequence successfully
"Excitation ON" (A00) is output.
E01 Excitation OFF Pulse command
THYNE1 initiates the stop sequence. If the internal logic is
able to complete the stop sequence successfully
"Excitation OFF" (A01) is output.
E02 Excitation RAISE Pulse command
Raise the set value of the active regulator from remote.
E03 Excitation LOWER Pulse command
Lower the set value of the active regulator from remote.
E04 Excitation AUTO Pulse command
Activate the voltage regulator from remote.
E05 Excitation MAN Pulse command
Activate the current regulator from remote.
E06 Preselection VAR Regulator Pulse command
Define the VAR regulator as the "additional regulator".

20 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Technique

Designation
Input Normal Short Note

E07 Preselection P.F. Regulator Pulse command

Define the p.f. regulator as the "additional regulator".
E08 Additional Regulator ON Persistent command
Activate the preselected additional regulator from remote.
As soon as the command is dropped the additional
regulator gets inactive.
**)
E09 Load Remote Set Value Pulse command
Accept an analog input value as the actual set value. The
set value is accepted for the active regulator. The analog
value can be either delivered by means of a 4…20mA
analog input or transmitted over IEC 60870-5-104.
E10 MCB Tripped Alarm signal
Aggregate signal from the miniature circuit breakers
mounted in the excitation cubicle, in order to acquire an
MCB trip and to process it in the sequencer.
E11 SPARE
E12 Reactive Power = 0 Pulse command
To automatically regulate the reactive power to 0 MVAr,
from remote. This is supported in all automatic modes
(voltage regulation, VAR regulation, and p.f. regulation).
E13 SPARE
E14 AC Contactor ON Informational signal
Plausibility check of the position of the AC contactor.
E15 External Trip Pulse command
Trip from remote, upon which THYNE1 instantaneously
performs a high-speed de-excitation in order to provide
uttermost safety.
*)
If the option mA inputs or IEC 60870-5-104 is provided

For the remote commands (Excitation ON / OFF, Excitation AUTO / MAN,

Preselect VAR Regulator / P.F. Regulator, Load Remote Set Value) essentially
pulse commands (0.5…2s) have to be used. Additional regulator ON requires a
persistent command.

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 21 / 36

Options

3. Options

3.1. Redundant Supply of the Power Circuit

THYNE1 provides high operation reliability through several types of power circuit supply

Because the power circuit can be supplied simultaneously with AC and DC voltage, implementing a
redundant supply is easy. In addition to the AC supply (e.g. external supply or shunt circuit) also a DC
supply (battery, current boost) can be connected to the input terminals. This way in normal operation
both power circuit supplies are active and the site can continue to be operated without interruption even
if one supply source encounters a failure.

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 23 / 36

 Options

3.2. Further Options

These options shall be defined in the ordering code (siehe 3.3, "Ordering Code").

• Miximum output current (8A / 15A / 25A)

Models are available with 8A, 15A und 25A maximum output current and can be selected
accordingly. These values refer to the highest permissible continuous output current at an ambient
temperature of 45°C maximum. The surge current, for a maximum of 10s, is 13A, 24A, and 40A,
respectively. The models do not differ with respect to design, interfaces and software.
• Touch panel (no / yes)
THYNE1 can be delivered with an integrated touch panel for operation and service. The touch
panel is not a requirement for normal operation of the device. Operation, service and parameter
setting can also take place on a PC.
• Analog inputs and outputs (0 / 1 / 2 / 3)
If required THYNE1 can be equipped with analog modules. Each module comprises one analog
input and one analog output. The measuring range is defined as 4-20mA. A maximum of 3 analog
modules can be equipped per device.
• Diode failure supervision (no / yes)
If an exciter machine has flywheel diodes it can be reasonable if one can rely on an internal diode
failure supervision. It indicates immediately a failure of a diode circuit. The feature is implemented
by permanently analyzing the field current.
• Power system stabilizer (PSS) (no / yes)
A software algorithm in the PSS damps the rotor's electro-mechanical oscillations which may be
caused e.g. by a long connection line to the power system. In case of oscillations this additional
regulator acts upon the field current. This power system stabilizer is a PSS2B and meets the most
current requirements according to IEEE 421.5.
• Bus connection (none / IEC 60870-5-104 / Modbus)
THYNE1 supports the connection in either way to a higher-level process control system.
• Power supply for electronic circuits (24-60VAC or 18-72VDC / 110-230VAC or 90-270VDC)
The power supply for electronic circuits must be defined. You may omit external DC-DC
converters.
• Voltage level digital inputs (18-72VDC / 100-250VDC)
The voltage level of the digital inputs must be defined. All inputs are electrically isolated not
dependent on the range selected.
• AVR self-start ability (no / yes)
Empowers THYNE1 to start up in shunt field connection without external supply or initial
excitation. The IGBT is short-circuit until the voltage in the shunt circuit increased sufficiently to
supply the AVR. Es soon as this is achieved THYNE1 is in normal operation. For the initially
required energy the machine remanence is sufficient.
CAUTION: Select this option only if the described function is really desired.

24 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Options

3.3. Ordering Code

THYNE1- I T A D P B U E S
Maximaler Ausgangsstrom
(dauernd / Stoß)

1... 8A / 13A
2... 15A / 24A
3... 25A / 40A

Touchpanel

0... nein
1... ja

Analoge Ein- / Ausgänge

0... keine
1... 1AE + 1AA
2... 2AE + 2AA
3... 3AE + 3AA

Diodenfehlererfassung

0... nein
1... ja

Power System Stabilizer

(PSS)

0... nein
1... ja

Busanbindung

0... keine
1... IEC 60870-5-104
2... Modbus

Anm.: Das Touchpanel ist auch lose erhältlich

(z.B. für Schrankmontage) Spannungsversorgung
Elekltronik

1... 24 - 60 VAC oder

18 - 72 VDC
Beispiel: THYNE1-210100221 2... 110 - 230VAC oder
90 - 270 VDC
- 15A dauernd
- mit Touchpanel
- ohne analoge Ein-/Ausgänge
- mit Diodenfehlererfassung (bei diesem Gerät Standard) Spannungsniveau
Digitaleingänge
- ohne PSS
- ohne Busanbindung IEC 60870-5-104 1... 18 - 72 VDC
- Spannunsversorgung Elektronik: 110-230 VAC oder 2... 100 - 250 VDC
auch 90-270 VDC
- Digitaleingänge für einen Bereich von 100-250 VDC
- Hochlauf mittels Remanenz Spannungsregler
Selbstanlauffähigkeit

0... nein
1... ja

Fig. 7 Ordering Code

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 25 / 36

Technical Specifications

4. Technical Specifications

4.1. Housing and Dimensions

The compact THYNE1 device comes in a light metal housing.

Surface: Brushed aluminium, silver mat
Installation: Wall or plate mounting, fixed through 6 drilled holes (drilling template packed with device)

(Bottom view)

(Front view)

An upright mounting position as

shown to the left is absolutely
essential in order to insure
required air circulation.
Cover plate and base plate must
not be hooded!

Fig. 8 Housing Dimensions

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 27 / 36

 Technical Specifications

Touch Panel Dimensions

Fig. 9 Touch Panel Dimensions

THYNE1 is housed scoop-proof in a compact aluminium case. All terminals, signal and power circuits,
are removable screw terminals and are placed on the left and right side plates. Dependent on the model
THYNE1 is delivered with or without touch panel (see 3.3, "Ordering Code").

28 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Technical Specifications

4.2. Electrical Specifications

THYNE1 – Standard Model

Power circuit
Input 3 x 250 VAC max. (nominal voltage)
350 VDC max.
Cross-section max. 16 mm²
Output Max. Max. 210 V / 25 ADC continuous
Max. 320 V / 40 ADC forced (surge)
Cross section max. 10 mm²
Power supply for electronic circuits 24 VDC/AC, max. 10 A (range 18…72 VDC; 24…60 VAC)
(to be defined in the ordering code) fuse 16 A, cross section max. 4 mm²
220 VDC/AC, max. 5 A (range 90…720 VDC; 110…230 VAC)
fuse 10 A, cross section max. 4 mm²
Voltage required for initial excitation 24 V ... 220 V AC/DC
Cross-section max. 4 mm²
Digital circuits supply From an existing power plant battery or from AC
Voltage measurement 100 V rms …115 V rms / 3 VA, Class 1, 3-phase or 1-phase,
(to be defined via parameter settings) cross section max. 2,5 mm²
Current measurement 1 A or 5 A / 3 VA , Class 3, n<5, 3-phase or 1-phase,
(to be defined via parameter settings) Cross-section max. 2.5 mm² Ym or 4 mm² Ye
(Current selection on the terminals)
Voltage regulating range adjustable, usually 0.9 ... 1.1 UGNom
Active current compensation, adjustable 0 ... 20 %, rising or falling
Reactive current compensation, adjustable 0 ... 20 %, rising or falling
Regulating accuracy < ±0.2 % UGNom
Generator nominal frequency 16.7 Hz ... 400 Hz
Generator operating frequency range 10 Hz ... 440 Hz
Digital inputs 18 .. 72 VDC electrically isolated via optocoupler
(to be defined in the ordering code)
100…250VDC electrically isolated via optocoupler
Digital outputs for control system Potential-free relay contacts with common return
max. 24 VDC / 1A or max. 220 VDC / 0.3 A ohmic burden
Exact assignment see 2.5.6, "Digital Inputs and Outputs"
Digital outputs for protection functions Potential-free relay contacts
max. 220 VDC / 0.3 A
Exact assignment see 2.5.6, "Digital Inputs and Outputs"
Digital outputs for de-excitation contactor Potential-free relay contacts
max. 24 VDC / 1A or max. 220 VDC / 0.3 A ohmic burden
Exact assignment see 2.5.6, "Digital Inputs and Outputs"
Temperature range (operating) 0 .. 45°C
Dimensions (without terminals) 334 mm x 300 mm x 192 mm
Weight 12 kg
Test voltage 2 kV eff acc. to EN50178/1997

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 29 / 36

 Technical Specifications

THYNE1 – Option (in Addition to the Standard Model)

Analog Inputs Max. 3 x 4...20mA
Analog Outputs Max. 3 x 4...20mA

IEC 61000-4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Testing and measurement techniques
Part 3: Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test Category 3
Part 4: Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test Category 3
Part 5: Surge immunity test Category 3
Part 6: Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields Category 3
Part 8: Power frequency magnetic field immunity test Category 3
Part 9: Pulse magnetic field immunity test Category 3

IEC CISPR 22 Information technology equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of
measurement
Levels of spurious signals Class A

30 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Single Line Diagrams

A. Single Line Diagrams

Fig. 10 Single Line Diagram THYNE1 in Shunt Field Connection

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 31 / 36

 Single Line Diagrams

Fig. 11 Single Line Diagram THYNE1 with PMG

32 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

Reader´s Reactions

B. Reader´s Reactions

We designed and compiled this manual with great care and a high degree of responsibility. It was - and
still is - our goal to design it in a way that it will be of greatest possible use at your work.

In order to reach this goal, we also rely on your cooperation - especially where maintenance and care of
the manual are concerned.

To make this cooperation easier for you, we added a form to this section. Please make use of it.

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Thank you very much for your cooperation!

THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 33 / 36

 Reader´s Reactions

34 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description

 Reader´s Reactions

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THYNE1 Product Description MI1-003-1.03 35 / 36

 Reader´s Reactions

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36 / 36 MI1-003-1.03 THYNE1 Product Description