A television set or television receiver, more commonly called

the television, TV, TV set, tube,[1] telly, or tele, is a device that combines a tuner,
display, and loudspeakers, for the purpose of viewing and
hearing television broadcasts, or using it as a computer monitor. Introduced in
the late 1920s in mechanical form, television sets became a popular consumer
product after World War II in electronic form, using cathode ray tube (CRT)
technology. The addition of color to broadcast television after 1953 further
increased the popularity of television sets in the 1960s, and an outdoor antenna
became a common feature of suburban homes. The ubiquitous television set
became the display device for the first recorded media in the 1970s, such
as Betamax, VHS and later DVD. It has been used as a display device since the first
generation of home computers (e.g. Timex Sinclair 1000) and dedicated video
game consoles (e.g. Atari) in the 1980s. By the early 2010s, flat-panel television
incorporating liquid-crystal display (LCD) technology, especially LED-backlit
LCD technology, largely replaced CRT and other display technologies.[2][3][4][5]
[6]
Modern flat panel TVs are typically capable of high-definition display (720p,
1080i, 1080p, 4K, 8K) and can also play content from a USB device. By the late
2010s and early 2020s, m

Early television[edit]

Mechanical televisions were commercially sold from 1928 to 1934 in the United
Kingdom, France,[7] The United States, and The Soviet Union.[8] The earliest
commercially made televisions were radios with the addition of a television
device consisting of a neon tube behind a mechanically spinning disk with a spiral
of apertures that produced a red postage-stamp size image, enlarged to twice
that size by a magnifying glass. The Baird "Televisor" (sold in 1930–1933 in the
UK) is considered the first mass-produced television, selling about a thousand
units.[9]
In 1926, Kenjiro Takayanagi demonstrated the first TV system that employed
a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, at Hamamatsu Industrial High School in Japan.
[10]
This was the first working example of a fully electronic television receiver.
[11]
His research toward creating a production model was halted by the US after
Japan lost World War II.[10]

The first commercially made electronic televisions with cathode ray tubes were
manufactured by Telefunken in Germany in 1934,[12][13] followed by other makers
in France (1936),[14] Britain (1936),[15] and USA (1938).[16][17] The cheapest model
with a 12-inch (30 cm) screen was $445 (equivalent to $8,567 in 2021).[18] An
estimated 19,000 electronic televisions were manufactured in Britain, and about
1,600 in Germany, before World War II. About 7,000–8,000 electronic sets were
made in the U.S.[19] before the War Production Board halted manufacture in April
1942, production resuming in August 1945. Television usage in the western world
skyrocketed after World War II with the lifting of the manufacturing freeze, war-
related technological advances, the drop in television prices caused by mass
production, increased leisure time, and additional disposable income. While only
0.5% of U.S. households had a television in 1946, 55.7% had one in 1954, and 90%
by 1962.[20] In Britain, there were 15,000 television households in 1947, 1.4 million
in 1952, and 15.1 million by 1968. Early electronic television sets were large and
bulky, with analog circuits made of vacuum tubes. As an example, the RCA CT-
100 color TV set used 36 vacuum tubes.[22] Following the invention of the first
working transistor at Bell Labs, Sony founder Masaru Ibuka predicted in 1952 that
the transition to electronic circuits made of transistors would lead to smaller and
more portable television sets.[23] The first fully transistorized, portable solid-
state television set was the 8-inch Sony TV8-301, developed in 1959 and released
in 1960.[24][25] However, the first fully transistorized color TV set, the HMV
Colourmaster Model 2700, was released in 1967 by the British Radio Corporation.
[26]
This began the transformation of television viewership from a communal
viewing experience to a solitary viewing experience.[27] By 1960, Sony had sold
over 4 million portable television sets worldwide.[28]

The MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, or MOS

transistor) was invented by Mohamed M. Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in
1959,[29] and presented in 1960.[30] RCA Laboratories researchers W.M. Austin, J.A.
Dean, D.M. Griswold and O.P. Hart in 1966 proposed the use of the MOSFET in
television circuits, including RF amplifier, low-level
video, chroma and AGC circuits.[31] The MOSFET was later widely adopted for most
television circuits.[32]
By the late 1960s and early 1970s, color television had come into wide use. In
Britain, BBC1, BBC2 and ITV were regularly broadcasting in colour by 1969.[33]
Portable boombox televisions have existed since at least the early 1980s.[34]
s.