Basic Rules for Safety in Construction Sites… ✓If this is beyond your capabilities, then inform 25 Workplace Safety:

Workplace Safety: Shoring

1. Tidy up construction sites your supervisor at once Workplace Safety: Excavation… ✓A qualified person should survey the jobsite for
• Keep passages clear all the time. 15 ✓Cable, pipe, and service plans should be used to hazards that could cause issues
• Sort out materials and pile them up safely. The Workplace Safety: Ladders ensure that underground with the shoring system.
stacks should not be too high. 16 services are known so they can be marked on the ✓Plan the shoring’s installation in advance. This
• Beware of floor openings and ensure that they Workplace Safety: Ladders… ground or, ideally, the area includes ensuring that the right
are fenced or covered. ✓Use a ladder which is of good construction, avoided entirely. equipment is available to safely finish the work.
• Remove refuse as soon as possible. sound material and adequate strength. ✓Around the areas where there are underground ✓Inspect all equipment before use. If a defect is
• Provide sufficient lighting. ✓Examine the ladder before using it and inspect it services, mechanical equipment found, the affected item should be
• Familiarize with the location and the operation at regular intervals. should be avoided and instead use spades and/or removed and repaired. Defective equipment
of fire-fighting equipment
✓Place the ladder on a level and firm footing. shovels. should never be used.
2. Safety measures ✓Picks and forks should be avoided as they are
✓Place the ladder at an appropriate angle. ✓Obtain a shoring drawing from a qualified
• Before you operate a machine, ensure that the more likely to pierce cables and
✓Ensure that the ladder has a sufficient length. professional. The drawing should be used
dangerous part of the pipes.
✓The upper end of the ladder should be at least 1 onsite at all times.
machine has been installed with a guard.
metre above the landing against which the ✓Flooding can be avoided by ensuring that there ✓Handle the shoring equipment with care, and
• Avoid going to any area with insufficient lighting
ladder leans. is appropriate pumping only use the equipment as it was
as there may be some
equipment so that any water that seeps into the intended.
dangerous places which have not been provided ✓Do not use a ladder unless its upper or lower
end has been securely fixed or secured by
excavation can be easily pumped ✓Don’t erect, dismantle or alter the shoring
with fencing.
out to a safe area. equipment without the approval of a
• Keep vigilant all the time and watch out for another worker.
✓Proper inspection shall be done to identify qualified supervisor.
moving cranes, hooks or other ✓If there are electrical installations nearby, do not
lifting equipment use metal ladders
whether any underground utility ✓Inspect the shoring system through the duration
services existing near or inside the areas where of a project. If there’s any doubt
• Before you use any electrical installation or tool, ✓If work is carried out 2 metres or more above
excavation is to be done. about the safety of the shoring, stop use
check the condition of its the floor, use a suitable working platform.
✓Ensure permit-to-work before starting the immediately and contact a qualified
electric cables. 17
excavation as and when it is supervisor.
• Avoid dragging electric cables on the ground or Workplace Safety: Lifting Appliance and Gear
allowing the cables to 18
required. ✓Shoring systems should not be used for fall
come into contact with water. Workplace Safety: Lifting Appliance and Gear… ✓All excavated areas shall be cordoned off with protection. Furthermore, workers
barriers, tapes and flashing should not use shoring systems if they feel dizzy or
• Use electrical tools installed with an earth ✓Do not operate a lifting appliance unless trained.
lights, to prevent public access ( Barriers 2.5 m lightheaded.
leakage circuit breaker. ✓In the case of a crane, a certificate is required.
• Use and handle chemicals with care. minimum height ). ✓Do not climb on the cross braces.
✓Before using lifting gear such as hook, shackle or
3. Personal Safety ✓Warning boards shall be provided around the ✓Periodically adjust uneven grade conditions, and
chain sling, check whether
• Wear protective equipment. cordoned area. plumb and level shoring frames
there is any wear and tear.
• Do not drink or take drugs while working. ✓Excavators shall be operated by licensed drivers as the erection proceeds. Do not force braces on
✓Check the weight of the load to be lifted.
• Pay attention to personal hygiene. only frames; level the shoring towers
✓Do not exceed the safe working load of a lifting
• Do not play in the workplace. Workplace Safety: Demolition for the proper fit.
appliance or lifting gear.
• Report to your supervisor immediately if you ✓Appropriate work permits shall be obtained from ✓Follow proper safety practices during
notice any unsafe condition ✓Adopt the correct lifting method. the client prior to the dismantling. Nothing should be removed
19 commencement of the work. from the shoring system until a qualified
Workplace Safety: Lifting Appliance and Gear…
Workplace Safety: Scaffolding… ✓Prior to demolition, a detailed and supervisor has given their approval.
✓Do not use a lifting appliance or lifting gear
✓Only sound materials shall used for the erection comprehensive survey shall be made to Workplace Safety: Tunneling…
unless it has been examined
of scaffolding specifically identify the removal of salvaged ✓Make sure the tunnel’s floor is clean and dry.
and certified safe by a competent examiner.
✓Using a Scaffold Checklist Form, the following equipment, mounted equipment & ✓Ensure proper covering for light and power lines
✓Do not use a lifting appliance unless it has been machinery, etc.
checks will be carried out: to avoid open flames and electricity
regularly repaired and
1. Base plates are under all standards, ✓Before proceeding, all sources of power and short-circuiting.
maintained by a competent person. No
2. Standards & lift spacing are correct, other utilities shall be disconnected. ✓Ensure that electric lines and light are insulated
unauthorized repair is allowed.
3. Ties are secured, ✓A fence shall be erected enclosing the and secured completely.
4. Bracing is adequate, ✓Follow the safe working instructions of the demolition operation. ✓Always ensure the presence of doctors and
manufacturer of a lifting
5. Suitable guard rails are provided, ✓The sequence of operations shall be established medical equipment at the worksite.
6. Toe Boards are in place, and appliance.
to clear the accumulated debris ✓Always ensure the presence of sufficient water
7. access/egress is provided etc. ✓Do not work beneath any suspended load. on a regular basis so that floors will not become supply and firefighting equipment.
Workplace Safety: Material Hois overloaded . ✓Avoid storing unused tools, construction
Workplace Safety: Scaffolding… ✓Do not ride on a material hoist. ✓All precautions shall be made to prevent any material and machines in the tunnel.
✓Standards and frames shall be pitched on steel ✓Do not operate a material hoist without prior debris falling on to the neighbourhoods ✓Make sure that the tools and machines to be
base plates, where the scaffold to proper training. and/or the personnel working on site. used are efficient and well-maintained.
be erected on soft or uneven surface, timber ✓Do not exceed the safe working load of a ✓Access to the demolition site shall be restricted ✓Make sure to visit working platforms and check
bearers shall be provided. material hoist. to other personnel except those them occasionally
✓Sufficient bracing shall be provided to ensure ✓Do not use a material hoist unless it has been involved in this operation. Guards and watchmen
✓Install an efficient communication system inside
stability of the structure. examined and certified safe by shall make sure that no access shall
the tunnels to send and receive
✓Working platforms shall be close-planked for the a competent examiner. be given to the site.
essential information.
entire width of the scaffold and, ✓Do not use a material hoist unless its gates have ✓Warning signs, red flags, shall be used to caution
✓Ensure the workability and efficiency of power
where more than 2m above ground, fitted with been installed with an the personnel who approach the
system, communication system,
guard rails and toe boards. effective interlocking safety system. The hoist is site.
lighting and safety devices occasionally.
✓Scaffolds of 6m or more in height shall be guyed only operable after all the ✓A method statement will be produced , together
gates have been closed. ✓Each worker should take essential precautionary
and securely fixed to a structure with the preferred demolition
measures for his safety by wearing a
at least every 4m vertically and 6m horizontally. ✓Do not use a material hoist unless it has been procedure, following the demolition survey.
steel helmet, rubber gloves, goggles and
Workplace Safety: Scaffoldin repaired and maintained by ✓ All debris shall be removed from the site protective clothing while working.
✓ Rolling/mobile scaffolds shall be moved only by a competent person. No unauthorized, repair is immediately.
allowed. ✓Provide a double power supply to the tunnels to
pushing or pulling at the ✓Investigate services before starting excavation avoid safety hazards due to a power
base, and never moved with men or materials on ✓Do not put loose materials into receptacles
✓Always do excavation at angle greater than angle failure.
the platform. unless properly secured. of response of soil ✓During scaling, the stroke of the hammer should
✓All working platforms shall be kept tidy, clean ✓Ensure good communication with the operator ✓Check that underpinning pits cannot get flooded not be hollow, but hard. A
and free from tools, material of a material hoist. All or be gassed hollow hammer stroke signifies a loose rock.
or rubbish. signals should be understood and followed
✓Strengthen superstructure before digging ✓Ensure proper ventilation and drainage system
✓In addition to the relevant P.P.Es, full body Workplace Safety: Excavation…
✓Check that walls above are strong enough to in the tunnel.
safety harness shall be provided ✓Collapsing should be avoided by supporting the
for workers working at high platforms. sides by either battering them or
support themselves over pits ✓Install signboards for safety on several occasions
✓Support sides of excavations in the tunnel.
✓When using suspended platform/scaffold, each supporting them with sheets.
✓Ensure that workers can escape from pits easily ✓No one should be allowed to enter the tunnel
rope of the platform should ✓Materials from the excavation should be stored
be capable of carrying the entire load and proper at a safe distance from the ✓Use threaded couplers instead of dowel bars to without permission
hand rails shall be excavation, this will help reduce the risk of them connect reinforcement Workplace Safety: Blasting…
provided on all sides. falling onto people. rods between sections of shallow mass concrete ✓Follow manufacturers’ guidelines for the
underpinning storage, handling, transportation and use of
✓Do not work in a dangerous place unless its floor ✓Adding barriers to excavation is an essential
edges and openings precaution to avoid people falling into ✓Ensure strengthening of nearby surrounding explosive materials.
have been installed with secure fencing. the excavation. structures ✓Keep all explosive storage areas clean, dry and
✓If you notice any dangerous places that have not ✓It is safer if vehicles are kept completely out of ✓Provide all required PPE’s (Safety Harness, Safety orderly.
been installed with the excavation area, but if required Helmet, Safety Shoes, ✓Rotate the inventory of explosive materials,
fencing or the fencing has been damaged, reinstall the use of barriers and stop-blocks should help Mask, Safety Goggles, Safety Jacket making sure to use the oldest stock first.
or repair the fencing. mitigate that danger. ✓Ensure safe access and ventilation to pits
✓Never use damaged or deteriorated explosive
materials, including initiation
(detonating) devices, boosters, dynamite and
blasting agents. Contact the explosives
manufacturer if damaged, deteriorated or
outdated explosives are discovered.
✓Ensure that all locations where explosives are
stored or used are properly ventilated
before miners enter.
✓Utilize technology such as face profilers and
borehole probes to obtain specific details about
areas of weak burden and potential borehole
deviation.
✓Communicate with the driller and understand
the geology of the blast site.
✓Review and follow the site-specific blast plan
prior to loading any explosives. Develop a drill
pattern appropriate for the location, and adjust
stemming depth and/or decking to maintain
adequate burden for the blast.
✓Establish the blast area and remove all persons
from the area before the blast is fired.
✓Guard or barricade all access routes to the blast
area to prevent people
and vehicles from entering.
✓Before firing a blast, give ample warning to allow
all persons to be
evacuated from the blast area.
✓Conduct a post-blast inspection to be certain the
blast area is safe before
anyone re-enters.
Workplace Safety: Confined spaces…
✓Confined space entry authorization require
permit.
✓Use multi-lock system for an electrical device if
having in confined space.
✓Confined area shall be free of any combustible
or inert gas by means of purging
or venting.
✓Gas testing shall be carried out to ensure
toxic/flammable/combustible gases are
not present.
✓Valid confined space entry card is compulsory
for worker to work inside.
✓Personnel 𝐻2𝑆 gas monitor is required with
working crew.
✓Attendant shall be present with CSE attendant
sheet and communication
device like radio.
✓Proper illumination/lighting inside Confined
Space must be explosion-proof
and should be operated on 24-volt power supply.
✓Proper ventilation either through natural or fan.
✓Signboard shall be displayed on entry.
✓Wear appropriate PPE.