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Hkkjrh; ekud IS 16269 : 2018

Indian Standard

1.1 fdok ls 220 fdok rd dh

jsfVr oksYVst osQ lkFk fo|qr osQcy
dh 1.1 vuq'kaflr 'kkVZ js¯Vx —
fof'kf"V

Recommended Short Circuit

Ratings of Electric Cables with
Rated Voltage from 1.1 kV to
220 kV — Specification

ICS 29.060.20

© BIS 2018

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BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
ekud Hkou] 9 cgknqj'kkg T+kiQj ekxZ] ubZ fnYyh&110002
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI-110002
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Power Cables Sectional Committee, ETD 09

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Power
Cables Sectional Committee had been approved by the Electrotechnical Division Council.
This standard has been formulated to provide the users general guidance and standardize on the short-circuit
ratings of metallic components of cables covered by the following:
IS No. Title
692 : 1994 Paper insulated lead-sheathed cables for rated voltage upto and including 33 kv specification
1554 PVC insulated (heavy duty) electric cable
(Part 1) : 1988 For working voltages up to and including 1 100 V
(Part 2) : 1988 For working voltages from 3.3 kV up to and including 11 kV
1885 (Part 32) : Electrotechnical vocabulary: Part 32 Electric cables
1993/IEC
50-461 : 1984
7098 Crosslinked polyethylene insulated PVC sheathed cables
(Part 1) : 1988 For working voltage up to and including 1 100 V
(Part 2) : 2011 For working voltages from 3.3 kV up to and Including 33 kV
(Part 3) : 1993 For working voltages from 66 kV up to and including 220 kV
9968 Elastomer insulated cables
(Part 1) : 1988 For working voltages up to and including 1 100 V
(Part 2) : 2002 For working voltages from 3.3 kV up to and Including 3 3 kV
14255 : 1995 Aerial bunched cables for working voltages up to and including 1 100 V — Specification
14494 : 1998 Elastomer insultated flexible cables for use in mines

This standard covers the short-circuit rating of the following components of the cable:
a) Conductor,
b) Metallic screen,
c) Metallic sheath, and
d) Armour.
Short-circuit rating have been calculated by the use of adiabatic method and limited to a time period of 5 s. In this
method, the calculated short-circuit currents are on the safe side.
While formulating this standard, assistance has been drawn from the following:
International Standards Title
IEC 60986 (2008) Short-circuit temperature limits of electric cables with rated voltages from 6 kV
(Um = 7,2 kV) up to 30 kV (Um = 36 kV)
IEC 60724(2008) Short-circuit temperature limits of electric cables with rated voltages of 1 kV
(Um = 1,2 kV) and 3 kV (Um = 3,6 kV)
IEC 61443(2008) Short-circuit temperature limits of electric cables with rated voltages above 30 kV
(Um = 36 kV)
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960
‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
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Indian Standard
RECOMMENDED SHORT CIRCUIT RATINGS OF
ELECTRIC CABLES WITH RATED VOLTAGE FROM
1.1 kV TO 220 kV — SPECIFICATION
1 SCOPE 1.3 The limits recommended in this standard should
be used for guidance only. There is little scientific
1.1 This standard covers the recommendation of short-
evidence available on the behaviour of actual cables
circuit temperature limits, method of calculation of
under short-circuit conditions, most of the information
short-circuit current and cross-sectional areas of
being based on the tests on the constituent material
components of electric cable for carrying short-circuit
themselves. It has been necessary to exercize
current for electric cables with rated voltage from
considerable judgement in setting these recommended
1.1 kV to 220 kV.
limits, and in general, especially for the dielectric, the
1.2 The following four aspects are to be considered best average of present usage has been suggested.
when deciding the short circuit ratings of cable system:
1.4 It is not possible to provide complete limits for
a) The permissible maximum temperature limits joints and terminations because their construction is
for cable components (for example. not standardized and performance varies. Where the
conductor, insulation, screen or metallic full short-circuit capability of the cable is needed the
sheath, bedding, armour and sheaths), for the accessories should be designed appropriately, but this
range of voltages covered by this standard, is not always economically justified and the short-
dielectric integrity is a major limitation. For circuit capability of a cable system may be determined
practical purposes, the energy producing the by the performance of its joints and terminations.
temperature rise is usually expressed by an Where possible, guidance has been included on the
equivalent (l2t) value so that the permitted performance of accessories when they are installed on
maximum duration for a given short-circuit cables subject to the short-circuit limits given in this
current can be calculated; standard.
b) The maximum value of current which shall
2 REFERENCES
not cause mechanical failure (such as
bursting) due to electromagnetic forces. The standards given below contain provisions which,
Irrespective of any temperature limitations, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this determines a maximum current which this standard. At the time of publication, the editions
should not be exceeded; indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
c) The thermal performance of joints and revision, and parties to agreements based on this
terminations at the limits of current and standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
duration specified for the associated cable. of applying the most recent editions of the standard
Accessories should also withstand the thermo- indicated below:
mechanical and electromagnetic forces IS No. Title
produced by the short-circuit current in the
cable; and 692 : 1994 Paper insulated lead-sheathed cables
for rated voltage upto and including
d) The influence of installation conditions on the
33 kv specification
above three aspects.
1554 PVC insulated (heavy duty) electric
Aspect (a) is dealt within detail in this standard and cables:
the limits given are based on a consideration of the (Part 1) : 1988 For working voltages up to and
cable only. A single short-circuit application is not including 1 100 V
expected to produce any significant damage to the (Part 2) : 1988 For working voltages from 3.3 kV
cable, but repeated short-circuits may cause cumulative upto and including 11 kV
damage. Guidance is given, where appropriate, on 1885 (Part 32) : Electrotechnical vocabulary: Part 32
aspects (c) and (d), mainly as they concern thermo- 1993/ Electric cables
mechanical forces in the conductors and metallic IEC 50-461 :
sheath. Aspect (b) is not covered in this standard. 1984

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IS 16269 : 2018

7098 Crosslinked polyethylene insulated impregnated with oil /resin or non-draining compound
PVC sheathed cables are imposed by the tendency to compound migration
(Part 1) : 1988 For working voltage upto and and void formations. All paper insulated cables are also
including 1 100 V limited by thermal degradation of the cable components
(Part 2) : 2011 For working voltages from 3.3 kV up and by possible tearing of paper tapes due to movement
to and Including 33 kV of the cores.
(Part 3) : 1993 For working voltages from 66 kV
3.2.2 Polymeric Insulated Cables [see IS 1554
upto and including 220 kV
(Parts 1 and 2), IS 7098 (Parts 1, 2 and 3), IS 9968
9968 Elastomer insulated cables
(Parts 1 and 2), IS 14225 and IS 14494)]
(Part 1) : 1988 For working voltages upto and
including 1 100 V The high temperature and forces produced under short-
(Part 2) : 2002 For working voltages from 3.3 kV up circuit conditions could have a marked effect which
to and Including 3 3kV may lead to increased partial discharge activity. Thus,
14255 : 1995 Aerial bunched cables for working the integrity of the bond between the semi-conducting
voltages up to and including screens and the insulation, together with the formation
1 100 V — Specification of voids inside the insulation, are two important
14494 : 1998 Elastomer insultated flexible cables considerations for polymeric insulated cables. In
for use in mines addition, the high temperatures may change the
3 FACTORS GOVERNING THE APPLICATION properties of the insulating, semi-conducting and
OF THE TEMPERATURE LIMITS sheathing materials.
For thermoplastic insulating materials, the temperature
3.1 General
limits should be applied with caution when the cables
The short-circuit temperatures given in 4 are the actual are either directly buried or securely clamped when in
temperatures of the current carrying component as air. Local pressure due to clamping or the use of an
limited by the adjacent material in the cable and are installation radius less than that specified for the cable,
valid for short-circuit durations of up to 5 s. especially for cables that are rigidly restrained can lead
The 5 s time period mentioned is the limit for the to high deforming forces under short-circuit conditions.
temperature quoted to be valid and not for the Where these conditions cannot be avoided, it is
application of the adiabatic calculation method. The suggested that the limit be reduced by 10°C.
time limit for the use of the adiabatic method has a 3.3 Accessories
different definition, being a function of both the short-
circuit duration and the cross-sectional area of the Attention should be given to the design and installation
current carrying component. of joints and terminations, if the short-circuit limits
set out in this standard are to be safely used. The
The short-circuit temperature limits recommended in following aspects are not exclusive and are provided
this standard are based on the consideration of the range for guidance only. It is desirable that the performance
of limits used by various authorities. They are not of an accessory be considered in the context of the
necessarily the ideal values as very little applicable particular installation:
experimental data are available on actual cables. The
values are, however, considered to be on the safe side. a) Longitudinal thrust in cable conductors can
be considerable, depending on the degree of
The limits for cables in this standard are selected so lateral restraint imposed on the cable. Values
that the dielectric properties are not impaired. The as high as 50 N/mm2 of conductor cross-
impairment of dielectric properties shall be very sectional areas can easily occur. These forces
dependent on the type of cable. for example, adhesion may cause buckling of conductors and other
of the semi-conducting screens will most likely set the damage in a joint or termination.
limits for polymeric insulated cables, whereas the
properties of the dielectric itself are of more importance b) Longitudinal tension in cable conductors is
in paper cables. also to be expected after short-circuit. This
tension may exist for a very long period,
NOTE — The temperature limits given in 4 should also not be particularly if the cable is only partly loaded
exceeded with repeated short-circuits occurring in a short time.
after the short-circuit. A minimum value of
3.2 Cables 40 N/mm2of conductor cross-sectional areas
should be used for design purposes.
3.2.1 Paper Insulated Cables (see IS 692)
c) With mass-impregnated paper cables,
The temperature limits for paper insulated cables compound expansion can give rise to

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considerable fluid pressure. If compound be avoided because the longitudinal forces are
leaks out at joints and terminations, it could translated into radial pressures at bends in the cable
cause softening of the bitumen filling. route and these may damage thermoplastic components
Moisture may also be drawn back into the of the cable such as insulation and sheaths.
accessory and cable in a sufficient quantity
to affect the performance of the insulation. 4 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE SHORT-CIRCUIT
d) The use of a temperature limit only implies TEMPERATURES FOR CABLES
that any combination of current and time The following tables should be read in conjunction with
which produces temperatures not exceeding the comments in 3. Values given are actual temperatures
that limit is permissible. For short-circuit of the current carrying components. Limits are for short
currents, this is not sufficient. An additional circuits of up to 5 s duration.
limit should be set for the peak value of the
current in order to avoid excessive Clauses 4.1 to 4.3 should be considered together when
electromagnetic forces. These forces are of selecting a temperature limit for a particular cable
particular importance at terminations, and construction.
proper support is necessary to avoid 4.1 Insulation Materials
undesirable movement and damage.
e) Soldered joints should not be used, if The temperature limits for all types of conductors when
conductor temperature greater than 160°C are in contact with the insulation materials specified are
contemplated. given in Table 1.
f) Attention is drawn to the need to examine the
Table 1 Temperature Limits for Insulation
design for short-circuit stability of the
Materials
electrical contact of all connectors used for
jointing conductors and connecting armour (Clause 4.1)
and metallic sheath bonds.
Sl Material Temperature
g) Screen and /or armour wires, when gathered No. °C
together at a joint or termination, may have a (1) (2) (3)
lower short-circuit performance than when in
the cable. At such connections, the expected i) Paper:
a) MIND (mass impregnated non 170
temperature rise should not be excessive for draining), ≤ 20 kV, > 20 kV 150
the materials involved, and adequate b) Oil / Resin, ≤ 20 kV, > 20 kV 170
mechanical support should be provided. 150

h) Account should be taken of the risk of ii) a) Polyvinyl chloride 160

longitudinal shrinkage of polymeric b) Cross linked polyethylene 250
components at the cut ends of cables at short- c) Ethylene propylene rubber 250
circuit temperatures.

3.4 Installation Conditions 4.2 Oversheath and Bedding Materials Where

There are no Electrical or Other Requirements
When it is intended to make full use of the short-circuit
limit of a cable, consideration should be given to the a) Continuous screen/metallic sheath or non embedded
influence of the installation conditions. An important spaced screen wires or a closed layer of armour
aspect concerns the extent and nature of the mechanical wires — The screen/metallic sheath/armour
restraint imposed on the cable. Longitudinal expansion temperature limits when in contact with the oversheath
of the cable during short-circuit can be significant, and materials, but thermally separated from the insulation
when this expansion is restrained the resultant forces by layers of suitable material and sufficient thickness,
are considerable. are given in Table 2. If thermal separation is not
provided, the temperature limit of the insulation should
For cables in air, it is advisable to install them so that be used, if it is lower than that of the oversheath.
expansion is absorbed uniformly along the cable length.
When snaking, fixings should be spaced sufficiently b) Embedded spaced screen wires — The spaced
far apart to permit lateral movement of cables. screen wire temperature limits, when embedded in the
sheath materials, but thermally separated from the
Where cables are installed directly in the ground, or insulation by layers of suitable material and sufficient
must be restrained by frequent fixing, then provision thickness, are given in Table 3. If thermal separation is
should be made to accommodate the resulting not provided, the temperature limit of the insulation
longitudinal forces on accessories. Sharp bends should should be used if it is lower than that of the sheath.
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Table 2 Temperature Limits for Oversheath IAD = short-circuit current calculated on an

Materials adiabatic basis, and
[Clause 4.2(a)] ε= factor to allow heat loss into the adjacent

components. For adiabatic calculations
Sl Material Temperature
ε = 1.
No. (see Notes 1and 2)
°C
 
(1) (2) (3) Table 4 Temperature Limits for Current Carrying
i) Polyvinyl chloride, ST1 and ST2 and 200 Components
ST2 (Clause 4.3)
ii) Polyethylene, ST3 150
ST7 180
iii) Polychloroprene, chlorosulphonate = 200 Sl Metal Condition Temperature
Polyethylene or similar polymers, SE1 No. °C
NOTES (1) (2) (3) (4)
1 Higher temperatures may be allowed, provided experimental
data are available to demonstrate their use. i) Copper/ a) Current carrying (see Note 1)
2 For cables in trefoil formation, these temperatures should be Aluminium component only
used with care due to possible high temperatures in the b) Welded Joint (see Note 1)
centre. c) Exothermic 250 (see Note 2)
welded joint
d) Soldered joint 160
e) Compression 250 (see Note 2)
Table 3 Temperature Limits for Oversheath (Mechanical
Deformation)
Materials with Embedded Spaced Screen Wires f) Mechanical (see Note 3)
[Clause 4.2 (b)] (bolted) joint
ii) Lead — 170
iii) Lead Alloy — 210
Sl Material Temperature iv) Steel — (see Note 1)
No. (see Notes 1 and 2) NOTES
°C 1 Limited by the material with which it is in contact (see 4.1
(1) (2) (3) and 4.2). In the case of screens (except for embedded wires)
where there is a layer thermally separating the screen from other
i) Polyvinyl chloride, ST1 and ST2 200 material in the cable, a temperature of 350°C should not be
ii)Polyethylene, ST3 150 exceeded.
iii)ST7 180 2 Temperature of adjacent conductor, actual joint will be at a
iv) Polychloroprene, chlorosulphonated 200 lower temperature.
polyethylene or similar polymers, SE1 3 See manufacturers’ recommendations.
v) Polyethylene bonded to aluminium or 150
copper foil
vi) Polyvinyl chloride bonded to 160
aluminium or copper foil 5.2 Calculation of Adiabatic Short-Circuit Current
NOTES
1 Higher temperatures may be allowed, provided experimental The short-circuit current is calculated on adiabatic heat
data are available to demonstrate their use. dissipation which neglects heat loss and is accurate
2 For cables in trefoil formation, these temperatures should be enough for majority of calculations permissible short-
used with care due to possible high temperatures in the centre.
circuit current calculation for conductor, screen, armour
and metallic sheath.
4.3 Conductor /Metallic Sheath /Screen /Armour
The general form of the adiabatic temperature rise
Materials and Methods of Connection
formula which is applicable to any initial temperature
Temperatures limits of current carrying components is:
are given in Table 4. Limitations of non-metallic
(θ + β)
(I ) =
materials in contact with these metals should also be 2 f
K2S2 ln …(1)
considered. AD
( θi + β )
5 CALCULATION OF PERMISSIBLE SHORT- where
CIRCUIT CURRENT IAD = short-circuit current (r.m.s over duration) on
an adiabatic basis, in A;.
5.1 Permissible Short-Circuit Current
t = duration of short-circuit, in s;
The permissible short-circuit current is given by: K = constant depending on the material of the
I = ε × IAD current carrying component (As1/2 /mm2)

where Qc ( β + 20 ) × 10 −12
K= …(2)
I = permissible short-circuit current, δ20

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where Table 5 Constants

Q c = volumetric specific heat of the current – (Clause 5.2)
carrying component at 20°C (J/Km3);
Sl Materials K β Qc δ20
δ20 = resistivity of the current carrying component No. As ½/mm2 °C J/°K m3 Ωm
at 20°C ( J/°C.mm3 ); 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
S = cross- sectional area of the current carrying
i) Copper 226 234.5 3.45 × 106 1.724 1 ×10–8
component (mm 2). For conductors and ii) Aluminium 148 228 2.5 × 106 2.826 4 ×10–8
metallic sheaths it is sufficient to take the iii) Lead 42 230 1.45 × 106 21.4 × 10–8
nominal cross-sectional area (in the case of iv) Steel 78 202 3.8 × 106 13.8 ×10–8
screens, this quantity requires careful
consideration); where
θf = final temperature (°C); I = adiabatic short-circuit current, in A/s; and
θi = initial temperature (°C); and
β = reciprocal of temperature coefficient of K 2 ln ( θf + β )
k = A/s/mm2
resistance of the current carrying component ( θi + β )
at 0°C (°C); and
ln = loge. 5.3 Maximum Temperature Prior to Short-Circuit
The constants used in the above formula are given in and after Short-Circuit and Value of k for Different
the following Table 5: Cables

From the above the formula for adiabatic short-circuit The maximum temperature prior to short-circuit and
current can be simplified to as below: after short-circuit and k value for different cables are
indicated in Table 6.
IAD = k × S A/s

Table 6 Maximum Temperature Prior to Short-Circuit and after Short-Circuit and Value
of k for Different Cables
(Clause 5.3)

Sl Cable Type Material θi °C δf°C kA/Amp/

No. mm2
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
i) Paper Cables (1.1 kV up to 6.6 kV) Copper conductor 80 160 0.107
(see IS 692) Aluminium conductor 80 160 0.071
Lead sheath 70 200 0.024
ii) Paper Cables (11 kV screened) Copper conductor 70 160 0.115
(see IS 692) Aluminium conductor 70 160 0.076
Lead sheath 65 200 0.025
iii) PAPER Cables (11kV belted 22 kV Copper conductor 65 160 0.118
and 33 kV) (see IS 692) Aluminium conductor 65 160 0.078
Lead sheath 60 200 0.025
iv) PVC Cables (1.1 kV up to 11 kV) Copper conductor 70 160 0.115
[see IS 1554 (Part 1 and Part 2)] Aluminium conductor 70 160 0.076
Aluminium armour for 1 core cables 65 160 0.078
Steel armour for 3 core cables 65 160 0.043
copper tape shielding 65 160 0.118
v) XLPE cables (1.1 kV up to 33 kV) Copper conductor 90 250 0.143
[see IS 7098 (Part 1 and Part 2)] Aluminium conductor 90 250 0.094
Aluminium armour for 1-core cables 80 200 0.085
Steel armour for 3-core 80 200 0.046
Cables
Copper tape shielding 80 200 0.129
vi) EHV cables Conductor material
Aluminium 90 250 0.094
Cu 90 250 0.143
Metallic sheath/Screen/Armour
Aluminium armour/Sheath 80 250 0.085
Lead sheath 80 200 0.024
Cu wires /Copper tape 80 250 0.129
vii) Rubber cable (EPR insulated) Cu 90 250 0.143
Screen (Cu ) 80 250 0.148
viii) Silicon insulated cable Cu 150 350 0.146
Screen (Cu ) 140 350 0.150

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5.4 Guide Lines for Calculation of Area 2) Area of flat wire of size 6.1 × 1.4 mm
= 7.32 mm2
a) For conductor, A = Nominal cross-sectional
area of the conductor, in mm2. Total area = n × 7.32 where ‘n’ is the no.
of wires
b) For lead sheath, A = π × dm × b mm2
where π d2 × n
3) Area of round wire = A =
dm = mean diameter of sheath, in mm; and 4
b = nominal thickness of lead sheath, in where
mm. d = nominal diameter of wire n =
c) For armouring, A = No. of wires (or strips) × number of wire
Nominal cross — sectional area of one wire d) Area of copper tape = width × thickness
(or Strip), in mm2.
1) Area of flat wire of size 4 × 0.8 mm π d2 × n
e) Area of copper wire screen =
= 2.96 mm2 4
Total area = n × 2.96 where ‘n’ is the where ‘d’ is diameter of copper wire and ‘n’ is number
number of wires of wires.

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harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.

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implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: ETD 09 (6037).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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