UESTION #5C PUNCTI TION 4 Marks) Punctuation (derived from the Latin punctum, riting. Punctuation is used to create sense, 1. Period(NAmE) / Full Stop (Br) [. used to show the end of a declarative or an imperative sentence. Hockey is 2 point) means the right use of putting in points or stops in clarity and stress in sentences. a popular sport in Canada The federal government is based in Ottawa. be used in certain abbreviations, but they are often omitted in modern style. M.A. or MA, M.P. or MP, U.N.O. or UNO 2. Question Mark [?] Question mark is used instead of the Full stop at the end of a sentence to show a direct question How many provinces are there in Canada? Have you written your exercise? 3. Exclamation Mark [1 i. It can‘Exclamation mark is used ater interections and after phrases and sentences expressing sudden emotion or Wish, surprise or excitement We ‘The forests on fire! 4.Comma, 1, Use a comma to show a pause ina sentence, ‘Therelore, we should write alter tothe prime minster. '. Use a comma with quotation marks to show what someone has sald divect "Lean come today" she sad, "but not tomorrow.” 1, Use commas for listing three or more ferent things. Poni, Sindh, and kpk are the three biggest provinces. 'w-Use commas around relative clauses that add extrainformation toa sentence, “Emly Car, who was bon in 1874, wasa great painter. to separate shor co-ordinate clases of» compound sentence. ‘ame, saw, teonquere. “The way waslong, the wind was cold ito separate an Adverbil clause fom ts penepal elause. ‘When wasa bachelor, ived by mel ‘S.Apostrophe |. Use an apostrophe to show ownership of something. This i Davies computer ‘These are the payer's things. (things that Belong tothe payer Note: For nouns in plural form, put the apostrophe a the end ofthe noun. ‘These are the players’ things (Things that belong tothe payers) 1. Use an apostrophe to show letters that have been left out ofa word don't know how tof ‘Use quotation marks to show what someone hae said directly. he prime minister sak, "We wil = win the election” ea come today,” she si, "but nt tomorrow * 4. Todraw attention to word that i unusual for the context He told me in no uncertain terme tage ot. i, Around the thes of articles, books, poems ete. Keat's Ode to Autom? Note: Quotation marks can be singe (‘x or dovble("."). Single quotation marks are generally used to the stonley cup! enclose a quote within a quote He sid, "The letter stated tat “ever effort shouldbe made” [Use a colon to introduce alist of things. There are three positions in hockey: goalie, defense, and forward, fi, Use a colon to introduce along quotation. ‘The prime minster sai: "We wil fight. We will ot give up. We will win the next election." Ii, A colon usually introduces an explanation or further details, AS ect ‘We decided not to goon holiday: we had too little money. Iv. Between sentences grammatically independent but closely connected in sense ‘Study to acquire a hati of thinking: no study is more important. 8. Semicolon {i} . [Use a semicolon to join elated sentences together. 208The festival is very popular; people from all over the world visit each Year i. Use a semicolon in lists that already have commas. fancowve The three bigest cies in Canada are Toronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec: and Vancou "in formal writing to separate two main clauses, especially those not joined by a conjunct The sun was already low inthe skyFit would soon be dak 9.Dash i: Use a dash before a phrase that summarizes the idea of a sentence. Huse aya.” Wet: and cloudy - these are the characteristics of weather in Vancouver . ete bare and after a phrase or st that adds extra information inthe mide ofa sentence, Mtcatlste = Pierre, Laura, and Ashley went to the st Most Canadians - but notall- voted inthe last election. \Yse 9 dash to show that someone has been interrupted when speaking, ‘The woman said I want ak" when the earthquake be | “twant 6 ask-" when the earthquake began to shake the room. Iv. To indicate an abrupt break or ch: in i ‘ange of thought within a sentence. \¥ my husband were alive-but why lament the past? i shorter line than the Dash] Use a hyphen to join two words that form one ides together ‘Sweet-smeling fire-resistant 4i, Usea hyphen to join prefixes to words. Anti-Canadian, ‘non-contact li, Use a hyphen when writing compound numbers Forty-five slides Sity-two tallies 11. lipsis [1 ‘An lips s three dots in @ row; it is used to indicate that words or sequence has been omitted. itis spoken, “dot, dot, dot.” One example of the use of an ellipsis is: Smith sald, "Rome had many terrible eaders...who ‘caused the Empire to fall” Another example Is the mathematical series: 1,3,5,7,9, .. (The rest of the old ‘numbers are implied but not written down). (..) four dots are used to show deleted sentences and three dots to show deleted words. 12, Slash / oblique: '-to separate alternative words or phrases. ave a pudding and/or cheese. Single/ marved 113, Brackets (Br8) Parentheses (NAME) 0: |: to separate extra information ofa comment from the rest of sentence, He thinks that modern music (e. anything writen after 1900) is rubbish, i around numbers or letters intext. Our objectives ae 1) to increase input, (2) to improve quality and (3 to maximize profits