Prackeol Organic Chemisty (¢- o-c) ae petetin of fintenel SE @ Alcérel * (-o: a) codiwen aronte Am eto) test: effereve SONEE due + |iberoi > of Hy WS: ye 2 RONA (orweoxids) ARP + 47 . Ror ~~ Gach) ride ASE F oy nestgh coils soaks vigorously unto 5 22 — alcdnels cern chore, ay the evoiutien t- wal: othe yea Food aves usste Fumes of NHL with peyor ° ° gow * ue ot 5 ne GOR + HO - (acers\ chiei4) wa © pmed wal Wy2 (asrote fed Cente omen set ES (can. +29 rot with CAN, a pink| aed coloun comple t- a aw + ON ce De (Ce Wa, @ow,_| (vetlow colour) (Red pet) + 2 pity MO2 -Diskrguish aests for “4% 2°—alcchol: a, Ba atem 6 t isk 2 oa @ Lucas 4st" © ict, rOeyen test: Refer alcohol notes- & pronelié ol Foup = @ ue Litres PAP aie Red- © Meuhel Feds ‘ak fect | Refer phene nites pkenol + bI (| notes: © Liebermann n@ prtholen dye test: pheno! * pprhalic ombyeee thse phenol?! olene peek, pin colour ‘roles: ) ydebydes 3 ROIS Grete @ aren ene ger ( Pabe Caanwensl Comenneds notes) oneness gen oe ie SS pollen's eck oO ebiwgs yest © genedict’s yest peter Coster Com pousnets notes:@ Carboy acouP — cool) @® partcog est 5 Reo! * Nathee, gcoona + MO + cot Liberator d- C0, indicates —COoH Gop - nok: phenol dover Sie pattCo, dest © Esk est con: ¥: 50, Rcoot are Se p-cooGHs * H,0 + (este Frets greet) confines 20H @ Aroine (es) we? ® yee, Test? C [deat coor Ae 2 at amines) - [eeiew Apoires; notes] A Cares] hace ert) ® Canby onrire test © yernsbeg test - Roser Aroanes notes © pop mnoer test @) a Nite <> accu @ purtieen's HSE ant . rr a cH a (seduction) (ond sep. RHO gp rollen's secgent ano + gen) CRs Ne qep-@@ ae © © © @ r+ in paipo Aer edes am heating wrth = ®@ quintydsan est Biuved test millon's st tg used detect aromakic WING (wT sine, a protein Solutio , Refer Riormelecaks notes - aunine 2ads Conta nang sryptophan, Pleng] atarere] . ete. which ives Conc HNOz - jest foe SES Bor Foed's sect: ge used TH ideal presente A mone gacchosudes : nm i s ‘ aot (ctyCoe aot ncfoed's neengenk ‘ Hy Coe ) testi a» (6s) mone gackenide Lanfeed's seageot ——> aod (Red ppt) 5 usa + pido hase SeliwanedS ne Colour - Swagen tMethods of purification of oyganic c nd ompounds : Sublimation Coystallisakon piskllaken Diffeverkol extrackoo Chrematogrophy - ®9O090 © Gublimaon + re iS used 4d se Se para Gublirmable Compounds from non — gublimable pnpuri Hes” aphthalene Frere nronsebli marble Compounds - cx vege eo oa Te is based on the disfevence in the Solubilities impwnkes in & suitable pound and the of re Com solvent * athe ipurte Compound 15 dissolved in Goluble ot OOM in which jk is Spawingly So Wer® pen penote but appreciably soluble oF highes temperatore ay gol 1S concentrated fo gee om realy Sactunacted golwhom on CoAlih the Solukon , pune Corn pound crystal i5€S our ond ig -wevnoved bY filtration: ah Fitrote Comtoi ns gwnpurites and small quecktyRepeated cay stalli sack ory becomes nece ssa: vy fer the purification a Compound s containing in puriti ihe Com parable Golubilities- s @) Dishwlaton + © gimp Aishllation + This rynpertont method is USed fo separate wo volatile liquids From pon-volabile smpurriies ond i) the Viquids havin nck & 4g susfictent dusference 1 herr boi l4 points: Liqunds law Ps ng different — boiling points yo. OTE aafecot hem peratures - The vopours one conled and +e liquids — So Formed ove collec¥a separ . eg: cucls Ct aw ond aniive (bP useky oe stmople Aishilakon seporetss br) jowey wile ane foewed first + Vapors ore condensed bY USNS & tiquid 5S collected iO wecaver: Tr Vapors ch highe¥ | Jee and the liquid com be collected separetely a Compersctt For lal . peili+ di fer draqram, Reke¥ Pst year -relugu F a _ acadarny text book “(page ne? 335) - Frackomal dish lation + rp he afference in boiling points of the liquids ig not ynuch, Girnple disk Ileton Comnot be used to Separate then: ahs techniwt> vopans 40 liquid In venerae Or passed “ebeough & frackonatng column before condensation The Fra.ckon akg column 1S fitted over th youth cy the ound betta Flask - Vapors 4- athe quick with hugher boiling point condense before “the vapans eb The liquid waits lower oiling pant- The vapours wsising OP in prockootry column become agicher iw more oenponent* By she Hire +he ra pours vreach ae fractonakny column, +hse are ene yrove wolestle component + daplerent frocks oe crude oil industry -8 Refer Frst xt Yean telugu academ, ‘4 mote: For Siete feet book (page: No# 338). © glean disiteton + ahs declniqht ig applied to oa te Gubstences volide gjeam volatile ond ve immiscible with pateY BS Amilire 18 separated z —— 3 ty HS echntoue f gonsline = water wHtne- phe or oeganse compound *5 present ip an aquces nesters iw cepanctect by chang with on ogo colvent wm pre it ig wove soluble thon in wot are ogo’ Golvent and th aqueous golukeor should be gy SCUBIE wits each other $0 acho ahey Foc wo gugtinct \ayerS pohicl Can be se parce 4 cepavote's funnel- ore vole: Fer Oem reser pase NO a8:q © chenehns ah dechnique © a i sg used 0 Separate mix tunes ¢ i into cemponents; purify ¢ rane F also to sherry Compounds the purity be skeet te this technique, the mbctune gubstances ig applied onto a Steehona’ phase, adhich may PE solid or a ould Ar pure solvent, parhee Ar golvents, or a gas *S allowed +o vnove slowly oven the statoneny phase. The com ponents ath yaichne act gradually separated From ONS onothey: athe Ove phase iS called the st is ao tes, @ pradsopton ec wearatarrat he clyvrornatoqrop hy @ Pan thon @ Adserpken cheomacroreaphy 2 ee _—— Adsere¥ cherenate rol) ig based onthe fact that adgerbed OF on adsorbent dispount Compounds ave do diffewnt dearees: Commons used adserbents ae‘ citica gek and Alumina: atloweA to move over a lo mobile phase 1 ushen o gtediono™y phase Cadservent), “the components of the yi tune wove ©4 Varying destances OY the qfewronasy PROS: Adsopho™ checomateg ony ws a THRs, @ con cheromatoa raphy aprin LH clmemateqeaphy (FEC) ° @ Coluen chreomactegrathy = The mictne gadsocbed OFF adertbeot tS pieced on the inp et adsorbent column packed wo glass th ip appropiate sslvenk is allowed fo Flow down he colue? cow's Depending ¥Po™ Bede agree ty sich ae como pours ane adsobed, compute cepanation tates place - athe rest oven dilly adsabed Substances axe veraired neon te HP and ters Come down to distances in the Column - | Various@ thin loser” chromatography ECL.O) 2 flO: — Ww is anette ype adsorption chromate: ie qrophy , which ak 4 \ves ode ive! Sepanaton cl. Substances of o. misttune an \ an over & layer 4 adsoment coated On glass plate: . A thie Ls (ome awe) eh adgebont Csivcof alureind) is cpreod aver a glass plate a at os plate is Known 45 “elon plete”oun stance from base Ine 00 Distane ynoved 54 phe Sub solvent from base tine (4) R, = F Distance proved by The The ots Colo The SP owed L_aunect ot compound S axe visible ™ | »spot ae plore duete thin 4 ovignel calor ThE nd Sport AF colourless Compounds, | ase tine udach axe travis cble po the eye bak plucre SC& tw UV Nght, coun be detected by putes aphe plate unden UV" leghe- ® parker rremateg ory ¢ Roxen tt is paced corti punt S cipferentot paxboning Ae components A & mint between — Steahoned ood ynobile phases- eq: Paper chromate qo ° ror O yee, azote eat Comets ae stationary phase Solvent acts 25 nobiles phase ThE goluenst SES “P pre POET by capillary acto and Plows over the spot: The §=popev selectively wetains di © cag pasoim the | Fere phases: 13 athe spots dy tre Sepanated| — ColoureclC ornpound s iste disfoant heights from the “ posite a inikel spot onthe Chrromateqraphic pope - ~- Qualities elemental analysis ob _omganic i Compounds + compen othe elements present in Oxgonre com pound gS are Cooma HO cen alls to these, Hey may ads o coraun O> N, 3S, %Chalegens) and 'P. © peter de_eoten boo ond c ara Hore duteckd bY with “cuo’ ovidied a2) -punbidity) co, (st no and My Cu5%o, > wy er ) A cr 9 CuO au + Cuo Here, co. + Caco), ——? sto + Sty C white) Conben preeot ont caloH)s 5 ie user ( 4 > > nycbeaen 3 heating fhe Compound is am the compound ousnich clovelops hed wth anky dreus a Cu + CO cu + 10 cco, & + Crundidit) CuSOy 5° Colne):@® Dekchen_ of other elements: : Me Cholegens) , P present 9 OM Organic detected by N, So % conpourd " Lassaigne’s st bonds fh the by covalent into the ionic phe eherntints hound ave © verted = original compound by fusing he cormpound aD Compounds coder were Fol ewig eactsens joe place net C + wo 2 NacN- extracted from it with dist iled " sodsurn fasion(ad “Test der_ Nitrogen: boiled with PeSOy dawn fusion extract 75 the 5? dren acidised with Concentrated — Hy Sq ate fF con of | Prussian blue colour confirm 8 ape prestace br Eee = at oe cant eo Ce enc) at a 2 * Conc: Hy Sey a pow, ar ed< HS Wee : net 2 Tre ODS eB, ay Pre Ede] He (passion plus) - (Roi ferro cyonide) (> est ee extract 15 acidiked wit i + codiure Fuster ace acd ard leak acetate 15 added to it” proce PPEM ae PbS andicates the presence 4 seth A aL or 4+ per Beat pbs | Chia) fusion extract with Sodio pire pressides appearana. 4 & violet coloe Justhey indicates The Cahn NaF ex), No] —> na, FR DS NOS- (sodsmen nitro prusside), Wole +). presence de Subphur~Not : ot 1 = In ae, N and S both are present: \6 ine org onic ig Formed pe gives since | thew ave no free Campound, Sodkwm thio cyanate blood ved colour and po pression Ce cyanide Tons: Na SCN: N+ S —? a — > [F (een) | Chlood ved) * Na +c ene gen TE Sedtun fusron 1S Carcied out ott exass ake apse Cyarade decompeses +0 Yield cul phide- 4+ ana acn + Na,S- NCwor A IK IF Cx = cl, 1), (o) Tee for phosphorus 2 Wty an oxidising agent ache compound 1 heated (sodium peroxide) - athe phosphors present in the com pound ig oxidised +o phos phate * Th soleben ported with HNOg, and +hen treated with anoly baate (God ,e0%- A yellow presence f- Phesphores: HPO 4 3 Nano? MoO: as vs i (avy PO ya Me03 C preeenernany ros PRO = a \e He m elybaet)- (yellow ppt)elemental Analy sis: 18 Quantitative _eteren elements present fin the per ceria Composite Ce ganic compound ig determined — by athe methods ae FeNlrenng on 0 pancplss- pased © Coren an tyre 7 in one experiment y eshmate — Containers The anceease cats ater and COn pev antag, A Cond ee or Joa, A100 * — ae erGB Om comple Combust 01069 OM Organs 19 c Compound gone 0 1989-4 Conben diese and oni 4: er Wo. Pelemine the 7 Comspositen AK in the Compound 9 ae . _ ae my etoo 12 40-149 x100 sa ioe Se a9 x00 = oeasy 3 UY ti uy 4 0-246 . pam Ewe 5 De J ae Deo lowe = WSBY, 1B x 0-246 . @ mews (i> Dawes petted (iD Keg cleats method - method (i) Dumas sco Cempournd, ushen heated perrannsngy OT POME aphe toe ie wn Cub, OBS NE cmanditen to CO. ond THO wt > Cats + (a4 2) cao > Cy rhe wagtue A Gases $0 poduad 1S Callectecl an aqueous Soleion Kou , oveyv Ny 1S collicked in the uppersg |The pressure ce = Atmospheric 20 pressure — aq Weous Corte pres) scoot Cota press) Pr * Po = eee tae Ce Dalter's tase) adver, Pye > aqueaus -bension: & methed for Esk mnadien a Nibeete. omgoete compound — Gove go mk No gig min pressure: Calontats Collected ao0 KR on yf. composi a nH in the Compound Aqueous Hsin ar 300k = Is mo) sds Volume NE collect ak 200K SNP pressuae is = Som . Pray, = Teint Presse ag: Heasion Py = qig-is = Fee mm ve ee ald ae = fee stp > TT, =273k ‘ p= thew Poe Th 3. voloret dp Np oF ore Y= 2 sors Soxete = Ma ae Fy bo + 300 —_ gan ut(arserm ss 289 0 ae ad eq en) ee 2 ie; 0-052335 9° % Nibegen +xy Ninn = 9.05239 x100 o8 21 y w= Lasse) © Kiniast’s wet Containing nibeyen 15 tn the — Compound 9e +s spe Compounch seu wat eestor Conuntratd the resulting converted =? (ave) 5%" acd mictoe fs Cc then heaka wire oe ae \ibenccked NH3 ‘ ovbed i qas ‘ obs in an CLUS a solcban she ammount AK / ty Sea, an Ng pweduad 16 determined by echo the annount 4 Hs So, ere ae se ackon 4p S01 se OPN compere x (us), $0 C howins ") © ary, + 2 NaoH > a nity | fe ay Sy FEO” © a why Wy (ny S% ° Y ‘ und Note + eg adok! petrol tS pot orl cable fe Compounds Conta YY yom nthe (-d eS Co) WD pret ae wing (9 @ | as (earidims)nitown Hhe! a these — Compound s cloex not oc hange +o ao (Ave) $4 under these — Conditions de nite pregent in UO ovganre & Dwg esk nation Compound by Kjeldalnt's wethed, the Nu enrlued 3 from 0°59 de th compound 1 Ujeldoh's ech mol on oy irre peutealised yomk am. tH %q° Gral out te 72 Nien tn the Covnpound + oh: Hy 50%, + g Nh —> (athe, StH (a) Cr) am & om ws eM ee vo ml: MH3 poo oh ff ow en tain : eat am [4 oc) vy contains S49 ge. Nim 0 ms Ae ya Ha Contains — 2 ie pony sm = heyen = (460). x00 = oS ee [scx J23 Carns vnetod ¢ AV kraunn woes ce an Organic Compouncl Cars Me with Fang HNO, CoH ve the halogen pean ie ees In present 4 Agnes Carius tube, ferme in the Compound mn adits +? Coy and H2o° Corcee sponge g AgX: @: te Cacus yoethod ke eckreadon OF halogen, OrtS9 S a on ongonke compound gore ong: Ay ave pea our fee lene! sre Compound - oN: Ager = 09 +90 = pure 198 9 [ no! sag. Sh contains go Vereen 23 ager Oo sy pared? 0: 0S'0 4 ee 183 je toni = pont? ype ave = [ar ) ols () Sulpbwe + Compound ig heated Lnown wats & ON organic Carus tube ith Compound i = hee ig oxtdiceed to Hy Sq" Naz er @ Surmrng HNO:Tt vs “pi vs preepitokd 45 Basa, by adde ea sa 24 | Bade goludery IN urater + atk 7 + ‘cane BaS%, * Caltulaked — frem Hee wass 4- om organic ONSHS a Shak ig thee ff Ae puget 2 0-0669- ie, ia 233 oath yo = aot) “ han) = Je oe 759 tg heoteck with mows, OSS d on oregowit compound compound iS owidised AY Parreie Ng” Then pregnr ™ 4p Hg P04” y+ ‘5 preapitated ay awnmoniun? — Nt and — aremaninn sno) ybalade - phespha wolghdate, by adding25 se Coe pound enitc deen 5 >) _ whet 8M3 (ord Me NEL (pam gh 1 me é meen Carmen van phospho qnolyh bts) a\rorett, 7 * WP 8 preapiterd as rags Hy Pts 8. peg, ages Pye arene ae igni ¥en sieds Aq, Po a pes ag NHy POu Crmagreswen arnyconsiuan phosphate) co i) Ag PO” ((wognesion® pare phosprat) colclarcd From molybdate (877 afeet)- en che J. Ae F com be (oD Ae WHOS Ae ag, oer ond : feo© oxime: A. definste mAs 4d on organ heating in at Stream of nitegen cous products Containing 0, _ Compound is decomposed bY che me acs gas: ve passed = ONE ved het coke when all the op tS converte t Co. ths wishes is posed ahwoush warn = 795 useo ce anne 05 O+s, oc +5 sun, 2325 410 CO —> ot, + \o Coz. mde was om CO 4 enol, >? pe mo) CO, io Obtotned, IF = 32g. O 1S 26