& (oatinqDefects

Applkation

CONTENTS

ADH tst0NFAttURE ......................................................6-l

AtLtGAToRtNG .............................................................6-6
AtuMtNtul\4(0RR0st0N ..............................................6-7
BtTTtNtSS....................................................................6-8
BtEA(HtNG ..................................................................6"9
StEEDtNG..................................................................6-10
B STTRING ,...,.,.,.,.,.,...,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,
6t I
8t00................,.,.,.............,...,.,.,.,.,.......................6-14
BRtDGtNG..................................................................6,15
8RU5HtM4RK5...........................................................6-'t7
8U881tS0r8U88t1N6...............................................6"'18
cHAt KNG.....,.,.........,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...........,.,.,.,.,.,............6-'r9
GE0{tNG ..................................................................6-21
G EEStNESS.............................................,.,.,.....,.......6-24
crssrNG,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,6-25
c08wE88tNG ..................,...,...................,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.5-26
cRA(|(tNG...........................................................,.....,6"27
CR4TERrN6.....,.........,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.............,.,.,.,.,6"30
fiowsf00TtNG.....,.,...................,.,...,.............,.,.,.,.,.6-11
DELA[,llNAT|0l{
..........................................................6"32
DRYSPRAY .,.,.,........,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.6-t4
EFFL0RESCTNG,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...,.,....................6-36
ER0t0N ,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.6-38
FADTNG........................,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.....,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.6"40
F 1FonM.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.6,4r
FtAl{lN6
..............,.,.,...............,.,.,.,.,.,.........,...,.,.,.,.,.642
Ftoc(UtATtolt.....................,...............,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.6-44
ft00DtNG...........................................,......................6-45
fl-oTATtoN
.................................................................6-46
GRTN [{G..................................................................6-47
Appli6tion& Coating
oefed5

U
GRtT
tit(Lust0Ns
.......................................................6-48
GRoWTH
................................... 6-49
INONNEO (OATING SYSTEM
l[,lPAODAlt4AGt
......................,.................................6.52
LAliflt{ATl0NS
orSHELLIN( ..........,.,.,..........................654
MrssESat(P5/1t0u0AY5............................................Gs5
MtsstNG
ToPoAT
.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.....,...............,......
F56
UDGAffl|G.......,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,....................................6-s7
oRANGE PEEL.,.........,...,.......,.,.,...,.......,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,......6-58
0VERSPRAY ..,...............,.............................,...,.,.,......6-60

PI HotES
s
Ptfl.|NG..........................................,.,.,.,...............,.,.6-61
a
,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,.....................6-63
RAlltDAMAGT - WATER sPorNG..............................6-65
ntppt
ED oATtNG ......................................................5"56
I
noT.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,,,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.
,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.647
nUSofS4G5,.,.......,.,.,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.5"58
nuSTMSfit[G ,.........................................................5-71
RUSTSpoTTtNG .........................................................5.72
RUSTSTAlfltNG .,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,....................................
&75
5AP0l{tFt(ATtoN ........................................................
&76
sETI1[ENT.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,6-77
SowENT UFTtNG,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,--------.,.,.....,6-78
SowENT PoPP|NG ....,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,......6-80
TA(KtNESS.,.,..,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,....,.,................................6-8r
\-,
uNDtRCUntN6 .........................................................6-82
WATER SPfil 6.,................,.,.,............................,.,.6-8{
wRtt{|(UNG.,.,.,...........,.,.....,.....................................5-85
ztNCcARBoNATES .,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.......,.............................6-88
 & (oatinqDef€(t
Applkation & (oatinqDefe(j
Applkation

ADHESION
FAILURE ADHESIONFAILURE
Feimdeanmloiindflikiig aeaideam mroiddflaking

0th{ uantht dt 5hMr tte klltt'tiu puq!

r' ,
PrcbabhCdie!
l05rhnrire
Ds@tionr h nlIa5h adhep

(0rrLimiral
5urla(.,
ormdrryn! ioit!0l

0r 0fr0tssr or

Prcwitlonr l uftllr.rr ir fta r (fy,rlxll?e1|0rirf

tlr!iul,r(L
nironir llririir iufh[r riis[sefrLlibll
ronrirm

ii;" pfsFd Lls(Llrrored(0iorqsx(iiirol

Dqxrd5upon h lLmhnr0{i0l
lhcrxrcnt0firdrr0n
drlr(r!circii rv h nr(siifytfr0rr0idcqurtl
ncFrr0nindl)) ri)l0\ 0fr0m(t(oirr
ry5y$cm
r0
 &(oatingoetects
Applkation ApDliGtion
& Coatinq
Defeds

ALLIGATORING ADHESIONFAILURE
iee a e d€ amhalioi andflaliiq

(mrrc).hdigm@t n9\thnh
Dedprlon: Vsyla4e rctrmb
s
the!kn
oiinaigitororrciod
! [rurtsmiyptnel€re
10lh{mdetud0\(n
th6!gh t0ihesrbnftte

Ci!ca:lnftndnr0sses
Prcbable nft€(0iin9,rhere
rft ruffa(e
shrnks
Idnerthin
rh{body ofthepai i m.Gnlreaured lry
mtedpaintflei
ex(er5vellmthi(knesrind billry
Aso
f0und0npantf nrshdvngaioltunde(oatwrha hd'd

Pn{lirlon: Useone(l(oatn9 indrnatefa

$Kifl{ation s.Avo
d
cx(clsi\/e
thidness.
Avo
d ipplraion.r
h9hambenr
lemFraturcs

Repah: REar\Vil
dependuponiirealldeilenlofaligitofng
Atadeorrcrnove ortsindrpply
i iffrded suribe
folo\{rc(orinendedipp
!ide(oatandtop(oat ction
 AppliGtion& (oatingoefectt & (oatingDefectt
Appli@lion

ALUMINIUMCORROSION BLEACHING

I
!

osalptlonr 8lneing0fthepa
oatn9dlel0aumnrmftnosion
pr00!(und.,ifiepa
nl

Pnhoes
Prcb.bl!(ruiei: ii theoilng PoroJity
offane$cyed Bhirh alaftarl
ngd(retowearhernq0rrhem
alum nium. nsuf(entftatngth
rkn0si.
olournibepgmen$
Llse 0rasynem
whkhwil
Prclerrlon: Use(orrcdylomulaled
oalingsynerrappedn lhe wlh$andlhedrm
raenY
rcifienl
(orR(lhdoesr.
Renroye (oarlng
bhi(hed indpcoal
orabcde uinga
Repali 8li5r(einindEoil.

"-.e
 & (oatinqDefeG
Appli(ation Applkation& Coalinq
Detectt

BITTINESS BLEEDING
hLotnMn d Peppery,5€€iy
0 5eedirut

Fim(ontaminited bypart(er0fpainr rkin,gel, De$ipuo staininqolapanlilmbydifusonof

asolube.oourcd
flo(ulated
mateialorforeign poie(t
mltet\4hi(h ab{w iubianaefomte udedynq pi t0glveundeJinb
e
ofthepainifi
th0s${a.e lmtoqive
i ough ippeardne dlsoofiriorl
orstiining
.Vefy
often,
tis r s€en
\Vherc
IhercmPepperyislsedr1rhen
thebt5aesma liid bit!men
oftr bisedprcducis wthakyd
ircover-aoated
ydnrlbucd
ul]ifo'm baJedoiofteronventonaibp(oaBAs0o(ur with
JonpinB.
er'nu
Prehbh (auie
Gs6: lle main ii rcnhmnatonwithi or0nthesua(e
ofthepaint
lilm.Th scn bepaintskin,qehd
pandet Prehbhcus:'8eedThrcugh'sgenera
ti f!llofpart
alRdissolvrnq
of
adornesindindq[t or(ontamination fombrushet (oal,
lhepcvous Bleedingonhappen when
stong
sOWsarcussd
nthetop(oa$.

ljse( einapplication
eqllpmeind. einwork ng co€ (oatng
PtrErdon: Llse speciforon
indmirerals.Usr
erMronrne Llse
nequllcontam pi nt,[0ow9o0d
mted ompitbefiiteia efroat.
5.ljs€apprcpf
atesei
printing
pfad(ej
kprh Removenanedor(ontafinated|ayerAppyas
Repaf
depends0n
r :€and prcb
errentof eBr.Ab€de
o raler(oatwhldw
Inotdissolve$
ubemitefa
e,g,an
(onpleklycfiolrlheonlam
nakdlayerand
rcroal alminumpgmenkdoainq,
 AppliGtion& (oatinqDefe(t & (oatingDefects
Appli(ation

BLISTERING BLISTERING

Ath{ antkiateth|M 0nrft fak)wntl

t)aql

Dekiplion: Domp 5haFd nsj nrh€dryFnlilm

[)lo]e.toniorLr
tho!9h l0ols5oridhtrmftom
themder y ngrrrrite
I |jt{6nil.ontinq! d,Fsoiry5li
5.
,{,
fl Ptubabh(aus:
.orased0s50fidhe5
0n(dLsed iil0n\ith
by(0nlim
qrcir0i,ril5runrafpedm0 !r€,eliirds0l!ent
lldrugef
!apLrfprcsslrchf
oarNsred'1'rcthod{
ubct)igmmBft
iror{1on)iio 0jmd( h nrrn0(;rn
I r0o(u n firmrficd
r0nd
ton5.

P@entioi: tfrunofi{dl|rfiftpqn 0rifdipp(aiion.Atpl

Y i i u r i 0 r r 0n g ! y n 0 n

Repaif Llprnd0! ul)on5reird lipeofb sterflq,

reriole
jl|i50rflrr'p(oirl
I nrrcd nqslnpmin( y
rcpiforlu

'/:
 AppliGtion& (oatinqDet€<ts Apglictiol & Coaiing
Deteds

9LOOM BLISTERING

Ahazydetsirontk5uf&eofthepi
fflmrciembling
ongrapqrcsultng
iheboom nal0ss
ofgloss
anda
dun9ofrooLI

to(ondensalion
frob lecru$lrPi flrnexoosed ormoistueduno
(u nqkommon pheiomenonwithamine (!red
epoxes),n(ored
solvent
bendonasoronfibutel0
bloominq

Applyandcurecoating
systemsunder (orre(l
edvironnental
ondtions
and
folowth€mii!fa(ure/s

Re'nove
bloom
( eaner
wilh( eandothorsultabk
lflle(essary
apply
sovent
unde(oat/bp(oal
(urc*n(ommendiions,
follolving v
rnanui

-4e
 Appllcation
& Coatlnq
Dete.t Applkatlon& Coalinq
Det€d

BRIDGING MARKS
ERUSH
klsokdderirg,
kdderd Ropinst

.:
E

g Anaket
aaM ksfiown
anthe pdge
khwing
9

s n D.ldlptlonr Undeslftble
ddqer andfurcwswhkhrcmalninadry
Flntfrlmafrlrbrush
app $epa fir
ioton,whele
hainotllollri
oLn,May
beio|]nd paltem
aiam,s-hito\
(laddednowknaltlmite oa$hawbenapplhd n
opposlle
dlndions.Ponoun(ed mi 6 aEknown
bru5h
D.lolttlonr Theow l19 l]nflhdgapssudsoa(korofi
overof e6
mof(oatngmateral.Thirousesawealn!55
11,ithifl n
$epii filmwh (hmiycftrl,b
nefdflal€off. ho!|bhqu!.r Vhorltyofmiierial
miykroohlghfuftu$apdlolion,
nrcredthinmru$dinlh€paintln.dequatt
mxngor
Probrbh
clsar P00r
applcllon.119hv5oslty
bru$pilnlinloome6and
palllt
sy$em.
ovnw€ds,
alunb
v poor
ipplidton
exeedd
tdniqueTwo.pad
por-life.
apllidion
pan$fniyhave

PMidon: &ush astrpe(oil nto(ome6

apply indweld!,alld
flll tnvlntrm ljl.bl5 rggh&ofpaiandiprlyadEuare
dli&1r$.
ill ft(k5pdor
torpdlcllonofthe
f! |oarnglyitem lhi0g,intb h6hinq
$ro5ity.
Use potlift
within
ieFh Remow alloose
(oatbybrush
Fintabftde
mdE(oal
yastp!
thesurfaeapp v n p.li
$ftaandno sfih| $ltable
yabade
l)elcdlrlgo||stofbruhn.fu,thorcuqh
typilnt.
vls(os
 & (oatinqDefedt
Applkation & (oatinqDefects
ADD|i<ation

BRIDGING BUBBLES
ORBUBBLING

nlredblisftr
Bubbeswthinapiintllnappearassm.
Thesemay (10leave
beir&torb'okm affater).Qn
be i
wythkkpaint
tolndi0exess 1lnrs,
esF.iay f$ray
applhd,and withmkrapplkauon
also This
should
not
be(onf!sed
wthblistemg

Prehbh ilf^owntwthinthe(oatnqwhd s not

G6$: ifapped
rcea$d
bdorthesLrrfice
ddes
Gnh found
with
factory
(oatings
?ppled where appkirhni5bydippinq,
eedrodepost
onorrcer(oa(ng.

$ayapdoron - use
aftsi spray adjun
Elipment,
vscosity o Br0it spray
wththnn€rs temFratuE.
LJre
(orc(mixinq
equlpment
loensueaifsnotnirEdin
dufngmxnqAdd defoaming
agent 0npaln$
toemult

kFri nq0nerrenlandsewtyofbubblin0,abndeol
Emovetheofferinqoal(s)
and
rcml

.,--.='
 Appllotion& (oalinqDetedt Applicatlon
& Coarin!0efedt

CHALKING CHECKING

;
pshawn
Ahete&nple! pagr
ank?folkwiag Athet
e0nples ankefooW pagp
aEsl,nwn
I

! l!-

powdery
oelolptbnrAfrable, a)€ronthesurfaeofapil
flrn,A
dangeof(oourorfading
iaJo5een ftaknqnteJvary I neftft wh(hdonotpeneliate ofi piinl
thel0pcoat
withpgme con(entauonanddo(eof
binderChallng system.Some de(kinqan besomnltethatit 5
isaknown ni!okfitanpin$eq.epoxy
rhar?(w pain$ fipoJ5ible
io5ee
wtoutmaq11llct 0n,
Prcb.bl.( ofthepaint
!s| Dsinteqraton blnder
onexposurc
to rroblbh(Nsrly!olta tormulaton
andhra onpobeh.Ar
ipedfiot
weather
ngand/of
UVllqht wlhnadin0strlses arcdewoped
whkhftusethe
sudaeofth! paintnlmtubr(omebinh anddad
PNlrtlon: Apptasu
rabetoFoalwirh
hiqh
|elstincel0chalk
n9, Limiledpainebilly.
and
UVpshtin(e
(oaling
ljiei ondy fomulated 5),slem
kpah Removealpo\|derydeposl$byabBslonorlghsweep
bastaeain0wpeooJernatia
offand
apply
adak n 9.li lbrdd..ddeir$rfaetEnipdyanundftoatlopoit
re5istifl
lop(oat
 & (oatinqDef€6
ADplication & (oatinqDefedj
Applkation

CHALKING CHECKING
 Application
& Co.tinqoefedt &Coati$DeIecs
Aopli(.tion

ctsStNG CHECKING
iko fttunedtoasCnwlinq
andfkh€yer

i
Dlrdptlm Surlde inawetpai film,
brcak! whenthepa ha5
recdedtoexpoJe
theunderying
subnnft.Sometrnes
knowni5rEwing pai sunabh
orflih€yes.The to
j^tl-oLrlte
subnBrc.G|]
hverylaqe
Pmbablsftu**
Slfaaeo aminationbye$ernonmorfoRign'ianef
5!d a5oil,qrease,
r lioneetiAlJo
lnown
b happen
whenino edsolvmt bmdshivebemu$d.

Pr.vlntlon: tnsuresLrda(e
sdean
and
tu!from fongn
$$e,oil;nd
(atfiokoalin9.
ontiminale5p'io|toapp

Abradeandftorcughly the(ontaminated
dean ru a(e
the(oatnq
of|g'no!€ l0adi€v!
adean
sufa(e y
Reapp
rhe(oarirq5ynem$ the(oatngmanufadurer!
 & (oatinq0ef€6
Appli@tion Appliotion& Co.tinqDef€6

COBWEBEING CHEESINESS
(softcoadng)

Deldlprlon Coat
n9€nain5sofr,evell
ifrerprclo|]qed
dryinq
t me

oelolplbfi lheprodurtion
oflinefllimentJ innead
ofnoma fto!|lho$!3| lliong
mixing pantijooowadrying/
fttotortwo.pad
alom
5edpandesl{hei
sofiesolltionsofhigh
mokoal oingtemFBtu|ebfts5ve$wnraainedw$in$e
wghlpotme|sarcspn)4d (oiting

Prchbh(aulel:
Toohighi
vis(os
tywith
Jomelypesyn1e|
ofpo soludons. lnrunidequate
mxngof
two.pi(kpa yuJethe
it5,0n
reonmended
imount and(urcthe
ofthinmE.Appiy
h.ttn{m Redu(e
the5pfty
n9vis(osty,
Seled
a moreluitab
e (ondlUons
oatngunderontrcledenvionmenta
solventb
end,Chingethespnyng
conditions.
Remowisofroillnqs
a|ld
apply e(oanqsyenl
sultab
R.p.ln Abrade
torefiiove
allaffe(ied
maeiiindR(oat orbpaoil
tooatngminrfa(we/srcofnfnendato|]s
 & (oatinqDefeds
ADD|i(ation Appli@tiol& (oatinqDef€dt

CRACKING CRACKING
6ed$Alliqasdn9ando'eklng) (sRilsAliqarqingaidCiedinq)

E Athet 0Rshawn
eranphs page
ankef,kwinq
c

! ful oatngr wthvbbeandrwhldmiyFnetrah

down omerlniewnlfoms,
tofterub{nrc,0a(linq
forirrrinute toiewrc
ftckinq fiading

Pr0babhQsB isqeneftlt
oicknq t nnss anbe
rcatdfai!pand
inr bLned
$ JLrdae
movemefi, abs!nllon
aqeing, aid
desoDuon and9em6l1idoffl$ b ilyof
ofmoisi!'e
$e(oatng lhethdef$epdi fllmthegrciterth€
po$ibilityltwlllft(k

llie(ore( coainq ie(hnq!esand

appliolion
sysftms,
dryfrlmftkknesles.Akmatiwy,
lseI moefle)(ib
e
(oa|ingrFlem.

liEdr toafto{eallft&d pait(omdlyrcapplylht

(0ain9tt*n oru*amonfle$bh !)6lem.nd
oneess

gee
AppliGiion & (oatinq Defects & (oatinqDefedr
Applkation

CRATERING CRACKING
(ieal$Alllqat0
|9mdclredin9l

Dedption: ltrfomilorolsmihiw 5hifed dqrrex0n nttr

F n t fmr h r t o I e ( 0 r f ! s e d { trr! ( s 5

PfobabkGsd
TfQpe( arbubb erwlrdr rarr1ufi10?i!rrri (|irrfj
ri lhemri ! drerTlr(oariN lui filff{,efrrirner0
l o ( n t oui nf o r m l l n

hpmw$fry(uhnq(trmivodi r mlnnmrnt ']dd

r hm o r r s r c . 0 m mLcrrydrrhdcf lps r t po

llrirdffldr cr)1rc!fili(irdrcr0irl
 Appli6tion& (oatinqDefects Applidtlon& (oatingDefedt

DELAMINATION CROWSFOOTING
$e ae Adhsionhil!'e andfhlinq

D.$lprlm Thedevllopmentofsma
winlhinlhepaifilnwhd
o(ctrr ng$atofacrcw!
napaftmP$mb foot

kohbh ciui.r: Llsualt

duetoIheiLrria(e npLdttofolni skln
drying
whd ftenM nkhs , 0wyeviponlls
as!ovent fom
the50fr ngpaint.
undeiy

Applyi
thnner(oatofpa
|rl,add5owdry]l1gth
Dne6,
(he(kapplictionanddryinqcond
iioirinoft dtonhe

Abrid€
$esu,6ftN/hen
tully
d'yand
r€o.t.

F
 & (oatinqDefecb
Application & (oatinqDelectt
ApDlkation

DRYSPRAY DELAMINATION
fe ! s AdheJion
tuilore
&d I Btinq

osrdprhr: R0uqh
andunewnfn slrt0$esudare 0fthepi nrf m Defipiion: L0s50f paN
adhesionboMern.0aB0f
(esircns!fdent
wh€ftth0pa yll! dloflo!,/
togetr
yadhercd
andaftoftenpo Pbbibkcss Prcvlded
onrparlbepai mrtedals
havebeenLrsed,
deaminit0n geneGlt
defe((sare rcit0dt0poortuf.e
Pmb.bh(au$r
nr0€d$ayippl(ationi.e.!undn!n(eAhoissmiated preparir0nindapp
ftr0ndei€at nat0i
5Lrrhirt0ntifi
yr'lhIandfynqprcdurts
andl0oh9hanappr?tion aiont0r
bet\{een(oitlrKcedingowruittmeslapp
0orryiudir€

Prclenn0n: Llseorle(oa[n0appi(dlionequpmentindt€dlnque!
hevenrloi: lnsucr1orofltamnar0nbelweenpiint.0its,
r osPy
llrea ro\vef
dfying
s0wnrm!0lvent
bkid f0 0w folowllerro.t and(eanqosiy
t nretlighy abfd&
n(0mmendedapp ctonprccduns !u a(es
bet\lren
roi$

AbEde
andrcmove
anyooso
drypr?y?nd
re-appt nqone(efiabode
Depend indrcroar
0f.0mpeley
rcmowlhedeam aodreipply
naFd(oatnq
 & (oatinqDefeds
Appli(ation & (oatingDefects
ApDli(ation

EFFLORESCENCE DRYSPRAY

'1:i'
 I (oatinqDefeds
ADDlkation lppliGtion& (oatirqDefeds

EROSION EFFLORESCENCE

De*iptlonr Whk howdery)lubsranre

0nrhelLrbltek
oi(oftrcr,
pdshrThe
br!t,masonry
and efll0rc!ftnrqwh
rhome5
frcmlhemigration
ofsats,iftrrheta fromthe

0fpanlilft fonrarcas
Defiltlon; 5elertveftmova lligh$015
P&lable(.86:
S0ubesd$w$nftelublnikMoisturebr
ngs$esahr
Preblbh(.qdThe\ftaing panlf mbyvirious
awiyoflhe ekme'
s bthesLri
r.doith€t!llia€nsutng
noatngadhesoi
wind,
su.hajfan,t'row, t0bemore
sindtl( foLrnd
prominefll
onbfu5hippkd (oilng5 ofthe
b(aus€
sh.
ue\,enfln Pnvenrlor: lnilreru aces m0nLre
frce,
dernindsurabeIor
ippclonolfie(oaing
syrrem
Renrove
oreiminite
Pnwirion: Lise u'ithRsistifte
i sutabeoatinqryslem lo5uffite theiou(eolmorturc.
ercs0n/406ton.
Rlpah Removeillp0wderyrubsranfts
andrho0!ghtdanrhe
Reprlr (e!nsua.0frcefrcmontimnaionandippyi(oalnq sufli{eApply a suhbhroallrand(oatngsyne'n
fomuated
syJtem andrened spedilenvircnmenl
forthe fomulatedfor(onftre,
m?sonry
err
 Application
& Coaling
oefe(tj Application
& Coating
oefeds

FILIFORM EROSION

D.dprloi: Bdndomthrcads0f
rorfosionrhatdsvoopbeneiththin
arque6andotheroiingfr agmwing
mrfrcm hsadol
point.0fren
rpen
on0d1n'foodcns,with
thnee.tlo
phtngburalsor0en
onpinted
alninumandotef

ProbibhGss:
tonraminitononte metalllasubstfate0fdamagelothe
r o a t n g (\ h
r ha l o w s a ( o r o s 0 n e l l r d e v e 0 p a t $ € r i p
and idvifteunderfi e(oatng.

lrlvenon: lnsorenoftnramnationexnsonthesubnnkpf
0rt0
ftitingippliGtion,

R.p.h Removea (orfosonprcdrrtsindllon?dherng

ltfacerof
(oatn9r.AbBde,
deinandr0arr0minufidurer!
n(ommenoafonr

',--.e,
 & (oatinqoefeds
ADDllGtion Appliotion& (oatinqDefects

FLAKING FADING
$i$DdifrinilionlidAdhsionhilue

$
onh urcl,herc
Delolprloir Atomofidhes pi ntiQrayllalps
fom
lhesuMralE sqh0nw0od
Afamiliaf !ubjlrats
and on
D.l.||plo gndualdeseaseinoourof
Disoloafionof apintwhen
Pftbablec.ue!3| paint
In(orn( syslem
used. none
fither pn-
orinofied epored
r0rniqhll,'lpather.Miy
beacompanled
byloss
teatment
usedforreftn5lbstotee.nonjemrsof ofqlo5s.
nsomei oa onsitmay
rcsemb
edalklng
but
qalvansed
Ahopoorippli(adontedniqu€5
Mayalsobe wthouthepowderylrfae,fadinq
tends
$ a(ae
era&
attbut€i
todiferentalexpim
onindonGdonofpifi n meprcsene
rnoJlurc.
andr!bnfttee
9woodCanbeihee5!ltof
igeingof
the
pai Jynem In(or(tplgmenutloniuse
Prebibtc(!usr pi9nentil
oforgank
amospher((o
arn
nitotp0ousrLrbnrate,
(o're(l
PnErdo[r Ute aoatngiynefi
andpp-tpiment,
PRveDrlon:llieofie((oatng
JynemJwhkh nsi$llv qhtand
Eeprh Remow i flakng(oatng
u alirnredge
on be fadngUs€ epiqmen$.
aoatn9withiqhtslab
ichevedAbradesweepbananddrinovera
andapply
suitibkcoatng
synemh roitngnran!farlure* w nlprh Abrade
and.ean
thesurf.e
and ya iqht
app nabh
rcommendat
oni. aoar
ngrynem

-.€
 Appliotion& (oatinq0efe6 Appli6tion& (oatirg D€fed5

FLAKING FLOOOING
!ealsoDe
aniiaiioiandAdie5ion
fiilure

.e !

osrdptlonr Adefed whidappeirsoon afiEf

ipplal0nduelo
piqmentsepant
onThev s!alippeaEnc radeepenin
oflhr(oourThe
iffeftdanadres toi deeper
shade
thafthercminderoflhesu
ace

Prob.bl.cru$!| ement
Plqmentseparitonindseft

lJse pod!(tj,
rmulaled
aomdyfo
v anddeii andthenp(oitwltha5ul$bly
y abrade
Light
fomulitedmat'ia.

stF
Applietion& Co.tinqD€{ectt ADDlication
&Coatinq
De4eds

FLOCCULATION FLOTATION

I $
4
q
e q
a

Dllslptbn: 0(u6 11 tolouredmrterals(ontalnnq

mixtlres0f
D3rdptloirThedeveopmellt ohereftpigfient
of loosely dlffeplltp yRsmblerlloodlng,although
0rnen$.ltdos€
agglom€Btls
nacoilinq
mal€ial, amottedor$!alyefledh plodu(ed
lvhen
lhediffeBlrt
pDmell$sepiBre,
pqment
Prcb.bl!(ur.*Non-ulllfom dlipe$lon
whkhnsu$inthe
pgmn$fomngaggloftrat
onrllnsLr
hbhthinmB
or Prohbh(auieiThemotedefi€(whkhh visbetolh€eF,isctused
inidequatemlxing, ! bysepinronofthedfftnnt(olowdpqmeits.lt
may
alroftsdtfom eddltonof eKesslwthlnmB,
[nrurconyprcpeiyfomllarrdandmndpmdldsirc
used,Lise
n(onmrndedthinneB. PhvlrtldD ljse(oedlyfornulatdpodlds.Donotow|thlilvilh
s0wnt,
Rem0woatiowfuElloculaton
5vsibleAbradeind
l i
dean aprop€rly
th€surfiitandapply and v
forqrllaled R.plli Ahradr
andcean
ovebll y a5utb e sealel
ilrdapp oI \,
 Defects
Applkation& Coatinq AppliGtion& (oatinqDefedt

GRINNING GROWTH

rf"

Dsqhdm: 6r0wthdndatti(hmen$
ofnatlrdlind ro
oqinirrn!
Deiolptloir Iheundery
nqs! a(ei vf bethrcu0hfie piintflm suacofliishedpodurts.Therevary
nfom,szedn
hdiq p0,rn
du0ronideq!at€ olrh!(oatnqnrdts il. ag.e,mosses
life$in,e.9 e1{.
Th5 r somer
mes(aed'G'nn nqJhrou0hlOften reen
whercddrkooufsdrcovercakdwlthlhler(oours. tuobableCaurer
Gen€m y,natun0rgan smswirhn m0n,wer0f
m m e I ecdo ntdo n i 6 r o w rmhi ] t 0 n ni r or f l e r
(.6$r Lo\i/
areblbh 0fpenu
f n rhdness imap(oatPoor
opadryand
ftwf119power o 0uf0fprme/
0ft0Foirftir 5u009
hev.ntlo Ut0o0rr.0,tnqspedirat0nandprcdu(ts
pra(a, dcanrequ
theenvronfientWhere ary t0
Pru!€ntbnr Appyidequate
dryfnrthickneis
beMeell
lldvidua prcvenl
bud-upolmossand
agae
g00dov€f
oalrL]se0piqu€roatnqswith nqprcpe€s
Repah ftanind'emovedllgrowth,dbodethes!
REsh: Applidd
riorD
ompar
beroarsto.€an
surf,r€. i 5uhbe(oalnglynenr.
 & (oatinqDefeds
Applkalion Application
& Coatinq
Defects

GRITINCLUSIONS INCORRECT
COATING
SYSTEM

D4dprioir P rs 0f9it dnldLdpmbedCpd

wlr n rrp(oar
n!

Prcbabk(aussr
tu uel0 rcmow r5rd( | I lnmd'errfh(epri0r i0
dmcr0n0ltheF nrt0rtimr rat0n0irhr\i/er
rinrf
0rufderoiLrtlr!f
ifnrr0tlrdIiir(cirrr
fi]op.,rit0ni.
yr'rd| 0!!r]qrlpirl
rfiidhonql0tlrcloproil h urutdleoI ronpilbecoi1rq tiun lrisbetf
l i d r h ( hr c b n o p d t u l
Prev{nllor: lnlucrlL!d!rl rrcmolrdbrfo(ipl] til0rofl[j]
F D t ) 0 n o r o r r y o ! r h i i in( c! {ihr lni lr h e r5cw e t Prcbab
r(assr Usroinr0mpr[]i{0runn
Irl crorln!miuir5
F n r 0 ni r i r t i l r f i r $ l n s r r rci nr l o n r0 fp n l
ini hru!)cjrlr ifr prorcrlrd dfirn!br!1r0;]nn9 Llsrr0rcrtroitqip|tiril0niMmirlfi
iri tf urcrnl
dfturrtodt5are(0rp,rtbk\v
tlr?i'dr0ther

nrlair ,\brile0rUiil (eiint]'pnrli(c10rcnolrii qfl hm0!rr delo(rrroiln!anli)) r rorrc(lr0i1tul

(onlim nil0r tlr0oLr(lrl.(in
rlr(suLr(riind
m0ir1 lnoi r0mirlad!ruaj
rcromf3rdilorj
 Applk.tion& (oatinqDefe(ts DeIe{tt
Appliction& Coaring

IMPACTDAMAGE INCORRECT
COATING
sYsTEM
Applkation& Coatinq
D€tectt Appli@tion
& Co.linqDetect5

LAMINATIONS
OR SHELLING IMPACTDAMAGE

o$rip or phobgftph
The rhowr
flikn9oftheln!olsed0n5
ol
animnfrcmtheiu{aftwhidhivebeen0veeainted
hawrdl0subsEle
and{41kh runsrann9
oatkwhrhEdarE apoint
ftom ofimpad
fa !ntonmoveorlrcardeaminat€dsedonspf
ProbableG$ler 0rlo
appal onoffi erciiing
slne'n. mpiddimagetoa rclatvely
bflteoatng.l]fren
seeof
gliss pa5tcs
fte rcnforced
properiu|la(e
fnsue s(afiedout
prpiriton
Pnventlmpi(damaqe
6indallarnin?tons
toremove bist( eanrhe
them, L Abradei
Idarnaged
arcaJand
re(oit
 Application
& CoatirgDelertt Applietion& (oatinqDefects

MISSES/SKIPS/HOLIDAYS MUD CRACKING

ihedredpaintllfirhai
Iheappedrana
ofa dded-oLl
mudbilh(raft varyins?eandam0unr
bulf0fma

De$iprlo
r: lxpiedarear
ofJub'lfakwhen
theinknlionwalt0.oat
theentrcarci.Could
beronfined
toi , ngkcoatind PrebabhCBsr
6ensDyov,gripplkitiorl pgmenrcd
ofheivly prime$
iiroirpaint
rJlu synem ( zn(l ctesorwaGr
sudasinorgill (oaingt
based
atlrouqh
anor(ufrvilhotherovef
lhrlsynems
Preblbh(a6sr ladofquiityrontrc.
PooappliftrionteahnqLres
Prcyeitlonr0nyappy
thereonmmded roalng
thrkness
llse
Pr.veitlonr Usecoffectippiet0nh.hnqLresAppyqood
piinfing recommended
appi(ation
ft(hnquei
!vith
Jutibly
pra((esljsequalledinspetu, fomLr produdr
ated
Appyoar pRparcd!nd
ngsbsuirabk deanedsubslotes Rem0wi (EdedindUikngpaintbadbas0u
toorgnalrperft3ti0n
indmanufadun/s
repa
r A b r a di ned c e i ns L r f a (Ree a p poy; t n q r o
minLrfictuf eirrcrommenditons.

..
Appliotion& (oatinqDefeG ApDlkation
& Coatinq
oetedt

MISSINGTOPCOAT ORANGEPEEL

0ei(|lttlon'Theuniormp0d-mi a
€iappeaonc,lnpatcdarof
ytk topoai
D.!(|lptlm: Fiurtoapp exru€d
eivnq$eunderc0dt pa ffminwhkh
$ftyed pli film
thesurfa(eofthe
Rsembestheskinof
anodnqe
Poorroalingapp
Prob.bh(rss: atonandqua
ly(ontrcl
nadequtle
(kness
dryfilmth lobabh
cs8 b urc paintf
ofthe mrcflow yousribypoor
outllsual
ippatlon q!es
terhn orby
inorrcct!0veni
bend
ThomLrght
inipeda surf&es ei(h(oathis
toen5urc
ftlveltbnr Use app(itoi le(hn
rorre(t ques
wthsuirab]
atdprodu($
fomu
Abride$e surfileandeither
addtloni
ullde(oandtop(oat, v
appy lhetoFoalofi'r
nacordai(ewiththe Repali Whefeienheksaeof(onem,abndeovea,c
pi ntuupp
e6p(ommendahns