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ASME B30.27-2009
(Revision of ASME B30.27-2005)

Material
Placement
Systems
Safety Standard for Cableways,
Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks,
Jacks, and Slings

A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L STA N DA R D

Copyright c 2009 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
 Copyrighted material licensed to Stanford University by Thomson Scientific (www.techstreet.com), downloaded on Oct-05-2010 by Stanford University User. No further reproduction or distribution is permitted. Uncontrolled wh
ASME B30.27-2009
(Revision of ASME B30.27-2005)

Material
Placement
Systems
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks,
Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Copyright c 2009 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
 Copyrighted material licensed to Stanford University by Thomson Scientific (www.techstreet.com), downloaded on Oct-05-2010 by Stanford University User. No further reproduction or distribution is permitted. Uncontrolled wh
Date of Issuance: May 15, 2009

The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2014. There will be no addenda issued
to this edition.

ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Stan-
dard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at
http://cstools.asme.org as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of the
Standard.

ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan-
dards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from com-
petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avail-
able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,
regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items
mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringe-
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ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established
ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990

Copyright © 2009 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved
Printed in U.S.A.

Copyright c 2009 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

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CONTENTS

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
B30 Standard Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
Chapter 27-0 Scope, Definitions, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 27-0.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 27-0.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 27-0.3 Reference to Other Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Chapter 27-1 Construction and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 27-1.1 Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 27-1.2 Mobile Material Placing Boom Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 27-1.3 Work Platforms, Access Walkways, and Gangways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 27-1.4 Electrical Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 27-1.5 Ergonomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 27-1.6 Outriggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 27-1.7 Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 27-1.8 Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 27-1.9 Mobile and Stationary Placing Booms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 27-1.10 Delivery Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 27-1.11 Loss of Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 27-1.12 Remote Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 27-1.13 Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 27-1.14 Fuel and Exhaust Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 27-1.15 Hoppers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 27-1.16 Pump Pressure Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Chapter 27-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 27-2.1 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 27-2.2 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 27-2.3 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Chapter 27-3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 27-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Operators and Operating Practices . . . . . 13
Section 27-3.2 Material Placement System Lockout/Tagout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 27-3.3 Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figures
1 Material Placement System: Truck-Mounted Concrete Pump With Integrated
Placing Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Material Placement System: Separate Placing Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3 Material Placement System: Truck-Mounted Telescopic Conveyor System . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4 Material Placement System: Examples of Delivery System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
5 Standardized Joystick Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6 Grates on Hoppers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7 Area of Extended Outriggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
8 Danger Zone for Material Placement Systems and Delivery System
Operating Near Electrical Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
9 Material Placement System Hand Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table
1 Minimum Required Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

iii
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FOREWORD

This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American
National Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). This
Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards for
Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presented
to the annual meeting of ASME.
Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920
to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron and
Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Standards
Committee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USA Stan-
dards Institute), Department of Labor — State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry —
State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925,
the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Code Correlating
Committee’s recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Department of the Navy,
Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.
In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a Sec-
tional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2,
1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 national
organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was created
from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmed
in 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.
Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and in-
dustry in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval
Facilities Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an Ameri-
can National Standards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 na-
tional organizations.
The format of the previous code was changed so that separate volumes (each complete as to
construction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would cover
the different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.
In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operating
under procedures developed by ASME and accredited by the American National Standards
Institute.
In 2007, the committee undertook this current revision to consolidate the requirements of two
standards (CPMA 27-2000 and B30.27-2005) into the current revision of B30.27.
This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and
other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of
the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given
both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by em-
ployers of their employees.
In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administra-
tive or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use
of other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of pro-
tection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, ad-
ministrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with
the format described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed points.
This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, was
approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on February 24, 2009.
Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from com-
mittee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environ-
mental and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.

iv
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ASME B30 COMMITTEE
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes,
Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

P. S. Zorich, Chair
R. M. Parnell, Vice Chair
K. M. Hyam, Secretary
J. D. Wendler, Secretary

STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL

N. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship Systems R. J. Burkey, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.
W. T. Hargrove, Alternate, QINETIQ North America L. D. Means, Means Engineering and Consulting/Wire Rope
R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc. Technical Board
P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group D. M. Sleightholm, Alternate, Bridon American Corp.
R. J. Bolen, Consultant K. J. Miller, Jacobs Engineering
G. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. Dupont G. L. Owens, Granite Construction, Inc.
A. D. Brown, A. D. Brown, Inc. R. M. Parnell, Wire Rope Rigging Consultants/Industrial Training
W. J. Smith, Jr., Alternate, Nations Builders Insurance Services International
M. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Crane Group P. D. Sweeney, Alternate, General Dynamics, Electric Boat
E. D. Fidler, Alternate, Grove Worldwide, Manitowoc Crane Group J. T. Perkins, Ingersoll-Rand
T. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty Mutual W. E. Osborn, Alternate, Ingersoll-Rand
Insurance J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the Navy
M. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual Group M. M. Jaxtheimer, Alternate, Navy Crane Center
B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc. D. W. Ritchie, Consultant
T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc. J. W. Rowland III, Consultant
J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti & Associates, Inc. J. C. Ryan, Boh Bros. Construction Co.
R. A. Dahlin, Walker Magnetics Group A. R. Ruud, Alternate, Atkinson Construction
K. M. Jankowski, Alternate, Walker Magnetics Group D. Sayenga, The Cardon Management Group
L. D. DeMark, Sr., LuMark Consulting, LLP J. A. Gilbert, Alternate, Associated Wire Rope Fabricators
A. J. Lusi, Jr., Alternate, International Union of Operating Engineers G. W. Shields, Caterpillar, Inc.
D. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and Associates D. W. Smith, Chicago Bridge and Iron Co.
R. J. Edwards, Alliance Concrete Pumps R. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies LLC
D. R. Remus, Alternate, Reed Manufacturing A. R. Toth, Morris Material Handling
N. C. Hargreaves, Terex Corp./Power Crane & Shovel Association B. E. Weir, Jr., National Erectors Association/Norris Brothers
C. E. Imerman, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co., Inc.
J. J. Headley, Crane Institute of America J. R. Schober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.
K. M. Hyam, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers J. D. Wendler, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
C. W. Ireland, National Oilwell R. C. Wild, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
A. J. Egging, Alternate, National Oilwell E. B. Stewart, Alternate, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
P. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co. D. N. Wolff, Manitowoc Crane Group
R. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Services A. L. Calta, Alternate, Manitowoc Crane Group
D. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc. P. S. Zorich, RZP International Ltd.
C. E. Lucas, The Crosby Group H. W. Fair, Alternate, H. Fair Associates, Inc.
E. K. Marburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

v
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HONORARY MEMBERS

J. W. Downs, Jr., Downs Crane and Hoist Co.

J. L. Franks, Consultant
J. M. Klibert, Lift-All Co., Inc.
R. W. Parry, Consultant

B30.27 SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNEL

R. J. Edwards, Chair, Alliance Concrete Pumps

J. L. Bury, Putzmeister America
L. D. DeMark, Sr., LuMark Consulting, LLP
M. W. Mills, Liberty Mutual Group
D. R. Remus, Reed Manufacturing
R. C. Wild, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

vi
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SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS,
HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGS

B30 STANDARD INTRODUCTION (09)

SECTION I: SCOPE B30.25 Scrap and Material Handlers

B30.26 Rigging Hardware
The ASME B30 Standard contains provisions that ap- B30.27 Material Placement Systems
ply to the construction, installation, operation, inspec- B30.28 Balance Lifting Units1
tion, testing, maintenance, and use of cranes and other B30.29 Self-Erect Tower Cranes1
lifting and material-handling related equipment. For the
convenience of the reader, the Standard has been di- SECTION II: SCOPE EXCLUSIONS
vided into separate volumes. Each volume has been
written under the direction of the ASME B30 Standards The B30 Standard does not apply to track and auto-
Committee and has successfully completed a consensus motive jacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes,
approval process under the general auspices of the shipboard cranes, shipboard cargo-handling equip-
American National Standards Institute (ANSI). ment, well-drilling derricks, skip hoists, mine hoists,
As of the date of issuance of this Volume, the B30 Stan- truck body hoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, ex-
dard comprises the following volumes: cavating equipment, or equipment covered under the
scope of the following standards: A10, A17, A90, A92,
B30.1 Jacks
A120, B20, B56, and B77.
B30.2 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running
Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Run-
SECTION III: PURPOSE
ning Trolley Hoist)
B30.3 Construction Tower Cranes The B30 Standard is intended to
B30.4 Portal, Tower, and Pedestal Cranes (a) prevent or minimize injury to workers, and oth-
B30.5 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes erwise provide for the protection of life, limb, and prop-
B30.6 Derricks erty by prescribing safety requirements
B30.7 Base-Mounted Drum Hoists (b) provide direction to manufacturers, owners, em-
B30.8 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks ployers, users, and others concerned with, or responsi-
B30.9 Slings ble for, its application
B30.10 Hooks (c) guide governments and other regulatory bodies in
B30.11 Monorails and Underhung Cranes the development, promulgation, and enforcement of ap-
B30.12 Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft propriate safety directives
B30.13 Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines and Asso-
ciated Equipment SECTION IV: USE BY REGULATORY AGENCIES
B30.14 Side Boom Tractors
B30.15 Mobile Hydraulic Cranes (withdrawn 1982 — These Volumes may be adopted in whole or in part
requirements found in latest revision of for governmental or regulatory use. If adopted for gov-
B30.5) ernmental use, the references to other national codes
B30.16 Overhead Hoists (Underhung) and standards in the specific volumes may be changed
B30.17 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running to refer to the corresponding regulations of the govern-
Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist) mental authorities.
B30.18 Stacker Cranes (Top or Under Running
Bridge, Multiple Girder With Top or Under SECTION V: EFFECTIVE DATE
Running Trolley Hoist) (a) Effective Date. The effective date of this Volume of
B30.19 Cableways the B30 Standard shall be 1 year after its date of issuance.
B30.20 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte-
B30.21 Manually Lever-Operated Hoists nance, and operation of equipment manufactured and
B30.22 Articulating Boom Cranes
B30.23 Personnel Lifting Systems
B30.24 Container Cranes 1 These volumes are currently in the development process.

vii
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facilities constructed after the effective date of this Vol- the requester defining the actions undertaken by the B30
ume shall conform to the mandatory requirements of Standards Committee.
this Volume.
(b) Existing Installations. Equipment manufactured
and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of SECTION IX: REQUESTS FOR INTERPRETATION
this Volume of the B30 Standard shall be subject to the The B30 Standards Committee will render an inter-
inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation re- pretation of the provisions of the B30 Standard. Such re-
quirements of this Standard after the effective date. quests should be directed to
It is not the intent of this Volume of the B30 Standard
to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However, Secretary, B30 Standards Committee
when an item is being modified, its performance re- ASME Codes and Standards
quirements shall be reviewed relative to the require- Three Park Avenue
ments within the current volume. The need to meet the New York, NY 10016-5990
current requirements shall be evaluated by a qualified Requests should be in the following format:
person selected by the owner (user). Recommended
changes shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 year. Volume: Cite the designation and title of the volume.
Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the volume.
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)
SECTION VI: REQUIREMENTS AND and the relevant heading(s).
RECOMMENDATIONS Question: Phrase the question as a request for an in-
Requirements of this Standard are characterized by terpretation of a specific provision suitable
use of the word shall. Recommendations of this Stan- for general understanding and use, not as
dard are characterized by the word should. a request for approval of a proprietary de-
sign or situation. Plans or drawings that ex-
plain the question may be submitted to
SECTION VII: USE OF MEASUREMENT UNITS clarify the question. However, they should
This Standard contains SI (metric) units as well as U.S. not contain any proprietary names or in-
Customary units. The values stated in U.S. Customary formation.
units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request will be for-
are a direct (soft) conversion from the U.S Customary warded to the relevant B30 Subcommittee for a draft re-
units. sponse, which will then be subject to approval by the
B30 Standards Committee prior to its formal issuance.
Interpretations to the B30 Standard will be published
SECTION VIII: REQUESTS FOR REVISION
in the subsequent edition of the respective volume, and
The B30 Standards Committee will consider requests will be available online at http://cstools.asme.org.
for revision of any of the volumes within the B30 Stan-
dard. Such requests should be directed to
SECTION X: ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE
Secretary, B30 Standards Committee
ASME Codes and Standards The equipment covered by the B30 Standard is sub-
Three Park Avenue ject to hazards that cannot be abated by mechanical
New York, NY 10016-5990 means, but only by the exercise of intelligence, care, and
common sense. It is therefore essential to have person-
Requests should be in the following format: nel involved in the use and operation of equipment who
are competent, careful, physically and mentally quali-
Volume: Cite the designation and title of the volume.
fied, and trained in the proper operation of the equip-
Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the volume.
ment and the handling of loads. Serious hazards in-
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)
clude, but are not limited to, improper or inadequate
and the relevant heading(s).
maintenance, overloading, dropping or slipping of the
Request: Indicate the suggested revision.
load, obstructing the free passage of the load, and us-
Rationale: State the rationale for the suggested
ing equipment for a purpose for which it was not in-
revision.
tended or designed.
Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request will be for- The B30 Standards Committee fully realizes the im-
warded to the relevant B30 Subcommittee for consider- portance of proper design factors, minimum or maxi-
ation and action. Correspondence will be provided to mum dimensions, and other limiting criteria of wire

viii
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rope or chain and their fastenings, sheaves, sprockets, (d) the type of attachments
drums, and similar equipment covered by the standard, (e) the number, size, and arrangement of sheaves or
all of which are closely connected with safety. Sizes, other parts
strengths, and similar criteria are dependent on many (f) environmental conditions causing corrosion or
different factors, often varying with the installation and wear
uses. These factors depend on (g) many variables that must be considered in each
(a) the condition of the equipment or material individual case
(b) the loads The requirements and recommendations provided in
(c) the acceleration or speed of the ropes, chains, the volumes must be interpreted accordingly, and judg-
sheaves, sprockets, or drums ment used in determining their application.

ix
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ASME B30.27-2009
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Following approval by the ASME B30 Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASME B30.27-2009 was ap-
proved by the American National Standards Institute on February 24, 2009.
ASME B30.27-2009 includes editorial changes, revisions, and corrections, as well as the following changes identi-
fied by a margin note, (09).

Page Location Change

vii B30 Standard Introduction Revised in its entirety
1 Section 27-0.1 Revised
Section 27-0.2 Definitions of durably marked, fixed guard, grooved connection,
hopper, metric connection, raised-end connection, and waterbox
added
4–9 Section 27-0.3 Revised
27-1.1.2 Subparagraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) added and subsequent
paragraphs redesignated
27-1.1.6 Revised
27-1.1.8 Added
27-1.1.9 Added
27-1.2.3(c) Added
Figure 5 Added
27-1.7.5 Added
Section 27-1.8(f) Added
Section 27-1.10 Revised in its entirety
Figure 6 Added
Section 27-1.15 Added
Section 27-1.16 Added
11 27-2.1.3.4(k) Added
16–18 Figure 7 Formerly Fig. 5, renumbered, and revised in its entirety
Figure 8 Formerly Fig. 6, renumbered
Figure 9 Formerly Fig. 7, renumbered

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ASME B30.27-2009

MATERIAL PLACEMENT SYSTEMS

Chapter 27-0
Scope, Definitions, and References

(09) SECTION 27-0.1: SCOPE fixed guard: a component used to shield the user from
machine interaction and attached by mechanical means.
Volume B30.27, Material Placement Systems, in- On material placement systems, temporary or remov-
cludes provisions that apply to the construction, in- able guards do exist, such as a hopper grate that rotates
stallation, operation, inspection, testing, and mainte- up for cleaning but is covered by a separate safety
nance of trailer and truck-mounted material placement switch.
systems. Included in this are mechanical and hydraulic
pea gravel systems, mobile telescoping boom convey- grooved connection: a type of pipe connection where
ors, separate placing booms, and material placement a groove is machined or rolled directly into the outside
accessories (see Figs. 1 through 4). Truck-mounted ma- of the pipe wall, creating a flange height of less than
terial placement systems can be either with or without 0.15 in. (3.8 mm).
an integral placing boom. hopper: a receptacle for the material to be transported,
This Volume does not apply to the conveyor parts of which can include an agitator, a mixer, or both.
mobile telescoping boom conveyors, mortar conveying
and spraying machines, or dry mix shotcreting ma- manual valve override: a mechanical valve actuator used
chines. The conveyor section of these machines is cov- to operate an electrically controlled valve in emergency
ered by ASME B20.1 or breakdown situations.
manual valves: a valve whose manual actuator is the only
means of valve actuation.
(09) SECTION 27-0.2: DEFINITIONS maximum support force: the maximum force exerted on
the supporting surface at any one outrigger.
concrete delivery hose: a flexible delivery hose having a
coupling on each end. metric connection: a type of pipe connection where the
raised flange diameter, shape, and thickness are manu-
control panel: controls mounted on the material place- factured to metric specifications.
ment system.
normal operating conditions: conditions during which a
delivery systems: delivery lines, pipes, hoses, attachment material placement system is performing functions
components, and transfer valves, through which mate- within the scope of the original design. Under these con-
rial is transported (see Fig. 4). ditions, no one other than the operator is on the mate-
rial placement system.
designated person: a person selected or assigned by the
employer or the employer’s representative as being outrigger: extendable or fixed members attached to the
competent to perform specific duties. mounting base, which rest on supports at the outer ends
used to support the machine.
durably marked: a method of attaching information to a
part, assembly, or machine that will satisfy the need for placing booms: manual or power driven, slewable work-
the marking. For example, in the case of pipe or hose ing devices, consisting of one or more extendable
components, a marking that would last until the com- or foldable parts supporting the material delivery sys-
ponent is installed on a machine or put into use would tem, and directing the discharge into the desired
be considered durably marked. For all other items re- location.
quired to be durably marked, the marking would last priority switching: transferring control of one or more
for the expected life of the part or machine under rea- functions from a control location to a different control
sonably foreseeable circumstances. location.
end hose: a flexible concrete delivery hose that only has qualified person: a person who, by possession of a recog-
one coupling. nized degree in an applicable field, or certificate of pro-

1
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ASME B30.27-2009

Fig. 1 Material Placement System: Truck-Mounted Concrete Pump With Integrated Placing Boom

Fig. 2 Material Placement System: Separate Placing Boom

Fig. 3 Material Placement System: Truck-Mounted Telescopic Conveyor System

2
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ASME B30.27-2009

Fig. 4 Material Placement System: Examples of Delivery System Components

End Hose

Concrete Delivery Hose

Clamp, Clamp,
Snap-Type Bolt-Type Blow-Out Head Ball Catcher

Delivery Line

fessional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, shortrigging: one or more outriggers not fully extended
training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated on the side away from the boom operational area.
the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the
subject matter and work. signalperson: see spotter.
raised-end connection: a type of pipe connection where specific type (of material placement system): a model, style,
the raised flange is tapered and self aligning. or size classification of material placement system (e.g.,
rated load: maximum allowable working load designated three section boom, four section boom, 50 meter class,
by the manufacturer. conveyor).

remote control: a portable control device connected to the spotter: a signalperson/spotter is a person positioned at
machine by a wire cable or linked by radio or other means. a vantage point where both the point of discharge and
safety device: a means placed in use for the specific pur- the operator of the material placement system can be
pose of preventing an unsafe condition. seen and relays information to the operator.

sheave: a grooved wheel or pulley used with a rope to waterbox: the structural member holding the differential
change the direction and point of application of a hydraulic cylinders in alignment with the material cylin-
pulling force. ders, which contains the flushing water.

3
Copyright c 2009 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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ASME B30.27-2009

(09) SECTION 27-0.3: REFERENCE TO OTHER CODES 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box
AND STANDARDS 2300, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2300

The following is a list of publications referenced in ISO 3411, Earth-Moving Machinery — Human Physical
this Volume: Dimensions of Operators and Minimum Operator
Space Envelope
ANSI Z-244.1, Lock-out, Tag-out of Energy Sources — ISO 13850, Safety of Machinery — Emergency Stop —
Minimum Safety Requirements Principles for Design
ANSI Z-535, Product Safety Signs and Labels Publisher: International Organization for Standardiza-
Publisher: American National Standards Institute tion (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case Postale 56, CH-
(ANSI), 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036 1211, Genève 20, Switzerland/Suisse

ASME B30.5, Mobile and Locomotive Cranes SAE J185, Access Systems for Off-Road Machines
ASME B30.22, Articulating Boom Cranes Publisher: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE),
Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engi- 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-
neers (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 0001

4
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ASME B30.27-2009

Chapter 27-1
Construction and Installation

SECTION 27-1.1: MARKINGS 27-1.1.3 Straight Delivery Pipes Rating and

Identification Markings
27-1.1.1 Placing Boom Rating and
Identification Markings The following information shall be legibly and
durably marked on straight delivery pipes longer than
(a) The following information shall be legibly 12 in. (305 mm):
marked on a durable identification plate on the plac- (a) manufacturer or supplier (name or code)
ing boom: (b) nominal diameter
(1) manufacturer, supplier, or importer (c) maximum working pressure, when new
(2) year of manufacture (d) weight of pipe per foot when filled with material
(3) fabrication (serial) number based on 150 lb/ft3 (2 400 kg/m3)
(4) type or model
(5) maximum design working pressure in the hy-
27-1.1.4 Delivery System Elbow Rating and
draulic system
Identification Marking
(6) rated load
(a) for placing booms, maximum weight per foot The following information shall be legibly and
of delivery system when filled with material based on durably marked on delivery system elbows:
150 lb/ft3 (2 400 kg/m3) (a) manufacturer or supplier (name or code)
(b) for conveyor, maximum weight of material (b) nominal diameter
per foot of belt (c) maximum working pressure, when new
(b) Power rating for electrical equipment above 24 V (d) weight of elbow when filled with material based
(voltage, frequency, power, amperage draw). on 150 lb/ft3 (2 400 kg/m3)
(c) Placing booms shall be clearly marked with a la-
bel affixed near the tip elbow warning about the use of 27-1.1.5 Delivery System Hose Rating and
improper diameter delivery system. Identification Marking
(d) A durable plate showing the maximum weight of
the hanging system components shall be attached to the The following information shall be legibly marked on
boom tip. the delivery hose:
(e) Placing booms shall not be used to move freely (a) manufacturer
suspended loads. A safety sign shall be placed on the (b) nominal diameter
machine to this effect. (c) working pressure when new
(d) weight
(1) for delivery hose, pounds per foot when filled
(09) 27-1.1.2 Material Placement System Rating and with material based on 150 lb/ft3 (2 400 kg/m3)
Identification Markings (2) for end hose, total weight [when filled with
The following information shall be legibly marked on material based on 150 lb/ft3 (2 400 kg/m3)] of compo-
a durable identification plate on the lower support struc- nent
ture of the material placement system:
(a) manufacturer, assembler, supplier, or importer 27-1.1.6 Safety Signs (09)
(b) year of manufacture Safety signs shall meet the requirements of ANSI
(c) fabrication (serial) number Z-535, parts 1, 3, and 4.
(d) type or model
(e) maximum working pressure of material place-
27-1.1.7 Hand Signals
ment system hydraulic circuit(s)
(f) maximum material pressure, if applicable Hand signals in accordance with para. 27-3.3.2 shall
(g) maximum working pressure supplied to the boom be posted conspicuously on the material placement sys-
hydraulic system tem or placing boom.

5
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ASME B30.27-2009

(09) 27-1.1.8 Delivery System Accessory (b) Attachment points shall be clearly marked for
Identification Marking identification purposes.
(c) Any component weighing more than 500 lb (09)
The following information shall be legibly and durably
(227 kg) and having identified lifting attachment points
marked on shut-off valves, clamps, and reducers:
shall have the component weight legibly and durably
(a) manufacturer or supplier (name or code)
marked on the component.
(b) maximum working pressure, when new
(c) weight of the component, with concrete at
150 lb/ft3 (2 400 kg/m3) SECTION 27-1.3: WORK PLATFORMS, ACCESS
WALKWAYS, AND GANGWAYS
(09) 27-1.1.9 Air Compressor Rating Markings
(a) Work platforms, access walkways, and gangways
If the machine is equipped with an air compressor, shall be a skid-resistant type.
the following information shall be legibly marked on a (b) Access for maintenance, assembly, dismantling,
durable identification plate: and testing should be provided.
(a) at the compressor (c) The machine designer should consider weather
(1) volume stream conditions in the design phase to minimize adverse ef-
(2) maximum working pressure fects, such as pooling of water and accumulation of ice
(3) highest working speed per minute and mud.
(4) installed engine performance in kW or HP (d) Access provisions for getting on and off the ma-
(5) power rating for high voltage (above 24 V) elec- terial placement system shall be in accordance with SAE
trical equipment (voltage, frequency, power, amperage J185.
draw)
(b) at the air chamber
(1) permissible working pressure of the pressure SECTION 27-1.4: ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
vessel
(2) volume of the pressure vessel (e.g., in gallons) (a) Each electrically powered placing boom shall have
(3) the construction identification for pressure vessels a power disconnect switch mounted at or near the base
of the placing boom. This switch shall have provisions
NOTE: This requirement does not apply to any part of the air sys- to apply lockout/tagout procedures in accordance with
tem installed by the chassis manufacturer.
ANSI Z244.1.
(b) Electrical equipment shall be located or guarded
so that live parts are not exposed to inadvertent contact
SECTION 27-1.2: MOBILE MATERIAL PLACING under normal operating conditions.
BOOM CONSTRUCTION (c) Electrical equipment shall be protected from con-
27-1.2.1 Structural crete, dirt, grease, oil, and moisture infiltration. Fixtures,
wiring, and connections exposed to the weather shall be
The material placement system shall be designed and of weather-resistant type.
constructed so when operated in accordance with man- (d) Overload protection shall be provided for each in-
ufacturer’s intended use, stresses in load-bearing com- dividual motor.
ponents shall not exceed structural limits.

27-1.2.2 Stability SECTION 27-1.5: ERGONOMICS

The material placement system shall be designed and Control panels, manual override levers, access doors,
constructed so three outriggers of the machine support and covers shall be located to provide access to accom-
structure remain in contact with the support surface un- modate human physical dimensions as outlined in ISO
der the following conditions: 3411.
(a) The unit is set up within 3 deg of level.
(b) 125% of the rated static load is applied to the boom.
Stability of a representative model of the truck- SECTION 27-1.6: OUTRIGGERS
mounted material placement system with integral plac-
(a) The machine shall be constructed so that the op-
ing boom shall be verified by performing the test de-
erator can see the area of outrigger movement from the
scribed in para. 27-2.2.2.
outrigger control station.
(b) Means shall be provided to hold all outriggers in
27-1.2.3 Lifting Attachments
the retracted position while traveling and in the ex-
(a) Machines or their parts designed to be lifted by tended position when set for operating.
cranes or other lifting devices shall be equipped with (c) If equipped with detachable outrigger floats (feet),
suitable attachment points. they shall be securable to the outrigger jack.

6
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ASME B30.27-2009

Fig. 5 Standardized Joystick Movement (09)

Tip retract #1 down

Tip retract plus Tip retract plus #1 down plus #1 down plus
NTT extend NTT retract slewing CCW slewing CW

Slewing Slewing
NTT extend Off NTT retract counter- Off clockwise
clockwise (CW)
(CCW)

NTT extend plus NTT retract plus #1 up plus #1 up plus

tip extend tip extend slewing CCW slewing CW
Tip extend #1 up

Left Joystick Right Joystick

GENERAL NOTE: NTT = Next To Tip. It means the section of boom attached to the tip section. For example, on a
4-section boom, NTT would be number 3. On a 3-section boom, NTT would be number 2. Each remote box will
show the configuration correctly for the unit it will run. There is no standard for any sections not listed, meaning
that extra sections may have pushbuttons, additional joysticks, or some other configuration.

(d) The maximum downward force imposed by the (d) Outrigger control systems shall be designed so
outrigger shall be marked at each outrigger. they are nonfunctional when the machine is locked out
(e) Power-actuated jacks, where used, shall be pro- in accordance with ANSI Z244.1.
vided with the means (such as integral load hold check
valves on hydraulic cylinders, mechanical locks, etc.) to 27-1.7.3 General Control Requirements
prevent loss of support under load.
(a) If there are multiple control locations, the same
operation (e.g., start, close, open) shall only be possible
SECTION 27-1.7: CONTROLS AND INDICATORS from one location at a time. Priority switching (either
manual or automatic) shall be used to transfer the con-
27-1.7.1 Emergency Stops trol between the control locations.
(a) Each machine shall be equipped with an emer- (b) Control devices shall be designed to prevent un-
gency stop system. intentional operation.
(b) The emergency stop system actuator(s) shall be (c) Control systems shall be designed so that they are
visible, accessible, and easy to operate. nonfunctional when the equipment is locked out in ac-
(c) The machine shall be equipped with an emergency cordance with ANSI Z244.1.
stop actuator at control panel(s) and at the remote con- (d) All control devices shall be constructed, arranged,
trol device(s). The machine may be fitted with additional and marked so their function is indicated.
emergency stop actuators. (e) Control devices that activate boom movements
(d) Emergency stops shall shall return to the neutral position when released.
(1) cause the machinery to stop instantaneously,
taking into account stored energy. 27-1.7.4 Hour Meters
(2) prevent the automatic restart of the machine. Hour meters shall be installed on any material place-
The machine will have to be started intentionally. ment system requiring maintenance based on hours.
(3) be constructed according to ISO 13850.
27-1.7.5 Standardized Joystick Movements (09)
27-1.7.2 Outriggers
Joystick movements shall be consistent with the stan-
(a) Control devices for slewable, telescopic, or ad- dardized movements shown in Fig. 5.
justable outriggers shall return to the neutral position
when released.
(b) Control devices for outriggers shall be situated
SECTION 27-1.8: GUARDS
outside of the area of outrigger movement, or access to
the area of outrigger movement shall be otherwise re- (a) Any hazard that is inaccessible is considered
stricted. guarded by location.
(c) Control circuits for the outriggers shall be inde- (b) A fixed guard shall be installed for rotating
pendent of each other. shafts. The underside of a mobile truck chassis-mounted

7
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 Copyrighted material licensed to Stanford University by Thomson Scientific (www.techstreet.com), downloaded on Oct-05-2010 by Stanford University User. No further reproduction or distribution is permitted. Uncontrolled wh
ASME B30.27-2009

material placement system is considered guarded by cluding concrete delivery hose, delivery line, valves,
location. and couplings —2:1
(c) A fixed guard shall be installed over V-belts, drive (b) Delivery system components for boom units shall
pulleys, chains, sprockets, gears, and other moving have a minimum of 85 bar (1 233 psi) working pressure,
parts. when new. Any boom unit capable of exceeding 85 bar
(d) All exhaust pipes shall be guarded or insulated to material pressure shall have the delivery system’s work-
prevent contact with personnel when performing rou- ing pressure requirements clearly marked on the boom.
tine duties. (c) Pipeline couplings shall be constructed to mini-
(e) Whenever guarding is impractical, prominent mize the possibility of inadvertent opening.
means such as safety signs or lights shall be provided (d) Delivery systems with grooved connections [a
at the point of hazard in lieu of guarding. groove machined or rolled directly into the outside of
(09) (f) A fixed guard shall be installed to prevent unin- the pipe wall, creating a flange height of less than 0.15
tentional access to the moving parts in the waterbox. in. (3.8 mm)] shall not be used on placing booms or on
lay-down delivery line or hoses.
(e) Air blow-out caps shall be equipped with a sepa-
SECTION 27-1.9: MOBILE AND STATIONARY rate bleed-off valve to allow the operator to relieve pres-
PLACING BOOMS sure in the system.
27-1.9.1 Placing Booms
(a) Mobile placing booms shall be equipped with a SECTION 27-1.11: LOSS OF POWER
remote control with sufficient range to operate the ma-
terial placement system from a distance equivalent to Interruption of power to the material placement sys-
the boom length. tem shall not cause a hazardous situation.
(b) The lifting and lowering speed at the end of the
boom shall not exceed 3 ft/sec (1 m/s) when activating
SECTION 27-1.12: REMOTE STARTING
any one section.
(c) The lifting and lowering speed at the end of the A material placement system powered by the vehicle
boom shall not exceed 10 ft/sec (3 m/s) when activat- engine shall be designed so the engine cannot be started
ing any combination of boom functions. from a remote location unless the drive axles are disen-
(d) The horizontal slewing speed at the end of the gaged.
boom shall not exceed 5 ft/sec (1.5 m/s).
(e) An integrally mounted holding device (such as
a load hold check valve) shall be provided with each SECTION 27-1.13: MANUALS
hydraulic cylinder on each boom section to prevent The manufacturer, supplier, or importer shall furnish
uncontrolled movement of the boom in the event with each material placement system information ap-
of a hydraulic system failure (e.g., supply hose rupture). plicable to the following:
(a) installation
27-1.9.2 Boom Tip Attachments (b) hazards
Provisions shall be made so that attachments sus- (c) lockout/tagout procedures
pended from the boom tip can be restrained. (d) operation
(e) inspection
(f ) testing
(09) SECTION 27-1.10: DELIVERY SYSTEMS (g) lubrication
27-1.10.1 Delivery Line (h) maintenance
(i) parts
Delivery system components supplied with a ma- (j) wiring diagram (may be supplied separately)
chine shall have a working pressure rating at least (k) hydraulic diagram (may be supplied separately)
equal to the maximum pressure of the machine config- (l) safety sign ordering information and location
uration, as delivered. guide (may be supplied separately)
(m) spare parts list containing relevant safety-related
27-1.10.2 Delivery System Components spare parts, such as relief valves, check valves, and
(a) New delivery system components shall meet the guards, with part location
following minimum ratios of burst pressure versus
working pressure:
SECTION 27-1.14: FUEL AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS
(1) end hoses — 2:1
(2) boom pipes and boom couplings — 2:1 (a) The material placement system’s fuel system com-
(3) other concrete placing line and accessories, in- ponents shall be compatible with the fuel used.

8
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 Copyrighted material licensed to Stanford University by Thomson Scientific (www.techstreet.com), downloaded on Oct-05-2010 by Stanford University User. No further reproduction or distribution is permitted. Uncontrolled wh
ASME B30.27-2009

Fig. 6 Grates on Hoppers (09)

Bar type grate Mesh type grate c

a b
d

Bar type grate Mesh type grate Both types

a h b h c d

(b) The fuel system filling area shall be located away The location of the control levers shall be far enough
from potential fuel ignition sources on the machine. away from the crushing points to prevent contact with
(c) Engine exhaust gases shall be piped to the outside the moving parts.
of the cab and discharged in a direction away from the (e) A grate or cover that can be raised shall be secur-
operator and other locations where personnel would be able in the open position or constructed in such a way
performing routine duties. that it will not close unintentionally.

(09) SECTION 27-1.15: HOPPERS SECTION 27-1.16: PUMP PRESSURE RELEASE (09)

(a) Grates on hoppers of reversible pumps that can 27-1.16.1 Reversible Pumps
be opened without a tool or that have to be opened more
Reversible pumps shall be constructed so pressure
than once a day shall be configured in such a way that
caused by blockages in the delivery system can be re-
when they are opened, operation of the concrete pump
moved by reversing pumping.
and agitator is stopped, and they shall be secured
against restarting while the grate remains open.
27-1.16.2 Nonreversible Pumps
(b) A valve mechanism capable of crushing, tearing,
or cutting shall be guarded by a cover grate on the open- Nonreversible pumps shall be constructed so person-
ing of the charging hopper within the dimensions nel are not endangered by the forceful ejection of con-
shown in Fig. 6, or the machine shall be constructed in crete when removing the pressure caused by blockages.
such a way that the crushing points are inaccessible. This can be accomplished by
(c) Agitators or screw conveyors located inside of (a) a restraining device allowing the pump manifold
hoppers shall be guarded with a cover grate constructed to be opened safely
within the dimensions shown in Fig. 6. (b) a pressure release gate in the manifold
(d) Power-operated hopper cover grates or hopper (c) any other pressure release mechanism that will
covers shall have a control device with self-acting reset. not endanger personnel when used

9
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ASME B30.27-2009

Chapter 27-2
Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance

SECTION 27-2.1: INSPECTION (k) proper loading of accessories to prevent loss while
traveling
27-2.1.1 Inspection Classifications (l) proper lubrication of moving parts
(a) Initial Inspection. Prior to initial use, all new, re- 27-2.1.2.4 Frequent inspection of the delivery sys-
paired, or altered material placement systems shall be tem components shall include
inspected by a qualified person to verify compliance (a) boom delivery system for
with the provisions of this Volume. (1) minimum wall thickness to withstand the max-
(b) Frequent and Periodic Inspections. The inspection imum material pressure, according to the manufac-
procedure for material placement systems in regular turer’s instructions
service is divided into two general classifications based (2) dents or cracks
upon the intervals at which the inspections are to be per- (3) missing locking pins
formed. The inspection intervals are dependent upon (4) leaking gaskets
the nature of the components and degree of safety, ex- (b) delivery system hoses for
posure to wear, malfunction, or deterioration. The two (1) internal wear, according to the manufacturer’s
general classifications of regular inspection are desig- instructions
nated as “frequent” and “periodic.” (2) separation of the ferrule from the hose
(3) bulges, kinks, soft spots, cuts, or abraded
27-2.1.2 Frequent Inspection
areas, which may indicate broken or misplaced rein-
27-2.1.2.1 Frequent inspection shall be performed by forcement
a designated person at daily to monthly intervals and (4) presence of hardened concrete
shall include observations prior to and during operation. (c) couplings for
(1) cracked, broken, distorted, or missing compo-
27-2.1.2.2 A designated person shall determine nents
whether conditions found during the inspection consti- (2) proper operation of the adjusting nut, if so
tute a hazard and whether a more detailed inspection is equipped
required. (3) concrete preventing proper operation
(4) system compatibility
27-2.1.2.3 Frequent inspection of the material plac-
(d) separately laid pipeline components for
ing boom and structural support system shall include,
(1) sufficient wall thickness to withstand the max-
as applicable
imum material pressure of the material placement sys-
(a) safety devices, such as holding valves, guards, and
tem, according to the manufacturer’s instructions
interlocks, for proper operation
(2) dents, holes, or deformed ends
(b) boom controls for proper operation and engage-
(3) the presence of old concrete inside the pipeline
ment
(e) cables or slings used to secure hanging system
(c) boom and outrigger hooks, straps, and latches for
components
proper operation and engagement
(f ) missing or damaged safety signs and operational
(d) hydraulic hoses for wear, rubbing, and cracking
labels
(e) hydraulic oil level
(f ) hydraulic oil leaks 27-2.1.2.5 Frequent inspection of conveyor system
(g) remote control boxes and cables for proper oper- components shall include
ation, exposed wires, broken controls, missing control (a) conveyor belts for proper tension, proper align-
guards, or broken plugs ment (i.e., in center of pulleys and rollers), and unusual
(h) boom and outrigger structures for visible defor- wear (e.g., grooves or holes in belt)
mations, cracks, and damage (b) telescope drive cable or chain for excessive wear,
(i) boom and outrigger pins for visible wear, damage, damage, and proper tension
and missing hardware (c) sheaves for excessive wear or damage
(j) tires for sufficient tread, proper inflation, cuts, and (d) chains for excessive wear or damage
loose lug nuts (e) chain sprockets for excessive wear or damage

10
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ASME B30.27-2009

(f ) rollers, pulleys for proper adjustment, concrete (2) improper return of spool to neutral position
buildup, excessive wear, or damage (3) leaks at spools or joints
(g) tie rods for proper adjustment or damage (4) sticking spools
(h) scraper blade assemblies for excessive wear, dam- (5) failure of relief valves to attain correct pressure
age, concrete buildup, or improper adjustment setting
(i) hydraulic cylinder pins or anchors for excessive (6) relief valve pressures shall be checked as spec-
wear or damage ified by the manufacturer
(j) missing or loose mounting bolts, guards, or hard- (i) hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders
ware (1) drifting caused by fluid leaking across the
(k) missing or damaged safety signs and operational piston
labels (2) rod seals leakage
(l) proper lubrication of moving parts (3) leaks at welded joints
(4) scored, nicked, or dented cylinder rods
27-2.1.3 Periodic Inspections (5) dented case (barrel)
27-2.1.3.1 Complete inspections of the material plac- (6) loose or deformed rod eyes or connecting joints
ing boom and structural support system shall be per- (j) operational labels and safety signs are present, at-
formed by a qualified person at the intervals listed be- tached in the appropriate place, and legible
low (k) concrete pump components (as recommended by (09)
(a) first 5 years — every 2,000 working hours, or at the manufacturer)
least once per year, whichever occurs first 27-2.1.3.5 A designated person shall determine
(b) 5 to 10 years — every 1,000 working hours, or at whether conditions found during the inspection of
least once per year, whichever occurs first para. 27-2.1.3.4 constitute a hazard and whether a more
(c) 10 years and older — every 500 working hours, or detailed inspection is required.
at least once per year, whichever occurs first
27-2.1.3.2 A qualified person shall inspect 27-2.1.4 Material Placement Systems Not in Regular Use
(a) the placing boom for corrosion, cracking, defor-
mation, or damage A material placement system that has been idle for a
(b) the structural support system for corrosion, crack- period of 1 month or more shall be given a frequent in-
ing, deformation, or damage spection before being placed in service.
(c) measured boom pin wear
27-2.1.3.3 If the inspection of para. 27-2.1.3.2 reveals 27-2.1.5 Inspection Records
a condition determined as hazardous, the machine shall Dated periodic inspection records shall be maintained
be taken out of service until repairs are made. by a designated person.
27-2.1.3.4 The periodic inspection shall include the re-
quirements of frequent inspections (paras. 27-2.1.2.3 and
27-2.1.2.4) and in addition, the following items, as appli- SECTION 27-2.2: TESTING
cable, which can be inspected by a designated person:
27-2.2.1 Operational Testing
(a) measured gear lash and bearing clearances
(b) loose or missing fasteners, including pins or pin All new production material placement systems shall
retainers be tested by the manufacturer after final assembly to
(c) slewing and telescope bearings, gear drives, and verify
gears for mounting and wear (a) proper operation of all safety devices
(d) hydraulic component mounting(s) (b) proper operation of all controls
(e) missing or loose mounting bolts to the carrier (c) proper positioning of all boom sections in all in-
chassis tended operational positions
(f ) truck mounting for cracks, deformation, or damage (d) proper positioning of outriggers in all intended
(g) hydraulic and pneumatic pumps and motors operational positions
(1) loose bolts or fasteners (e) proper setting of hydraulic pressures and relief
(2) leaks at joints between sections settings
(3) shaft seal leaks (f ) no unusual vibrations or noise
(4) unusual noises or vibration (g) the boom will support the intended load without
(5) loss of operating speed seeping down in excess of the manufacturer’s specifi-
(6) excessive heating of the fluid cation
(7) loss of pressure (h) proper operation and engaging of latching and
(h) hydraulic and pneumatic valves locking devices
(1) cracks in valve housing (i) compliance with the requirements of this Volume

11
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ASME B30.27-2009

27-2.2.2 Manufacturer’s Stability Test SECTION 27-2.3: MAINTENANCE

A representative unit of each model and chassis in (a) The manufacturer shall provide a recommended
each intended operation configuration shall be tested for preventive maintenance schedule to minimize the pos-
stability. A written test report shall be kept on file. The sibility of mechanical failures and excessive and unnec-
stability test shall comply with the following minimum essary wear.
guidelines: (b) A preventive maintenance program based on the
(a) The margin of stability shall be determined by cal- machine and truck manufacturer’s recommendations
culation of the static load imposed by the boom and its should be established for material placement systems.
systems and mountings, plus the maximum allowable Dated records of maintenance performed should be
load imposed on the boom by the material in the deliv- maintained.
ery system, including end hose, and the boom rotated (c) Under severe conditions, or if excessive wear is
to the least stable position. The calculation of the mate- noted, scheduled intervals should be adjusted to pre-
rial load shall be based on material with a bulk density vent breakdowns and excessive wear.
of 150 lb/ft3 (2 400 kg/m3). (d) Maintenance shall be performed by a designated
(b) If having the outriggers, extendable axles, or other person.
means in use are part of the normal configuration to (e) Maintenance should be performed in accordance
meet the stability requirements, they shall be set per with the manufacturer’s recommended procedures.
manufacturer’s instructions. (f) All guards shall be reinstalled, all safety devices
(c) The test load equivalent to 125% of the rated load reactivated, and maintenance equipment removed after
(1.25 times) shall be applied to the boom to verify its maintenance is completed.
stability. The manufacturer shall determine the most (g) Welding on the boom, outrigger, or structural
critical configuration(s) of the unit for this test. Ballast member shall be performed in accordance with the
may be applied to the unit that is equivalent to the recommendations of the manufacturer. In the absence
weight of material in the hopper (filled to the top of de- of a manufacturer’s recommendation, the welding can
livery cylinder opening), one delivery cylinder (filled be performed per the recommendations of a qualified
75%), and the deck delivery line. person.
(d) None of the stability testing shall cause perma- (h) Replacement parts shall meet or exceed the man-
nent deformation to any component. While being tested, ufacturer’s specifications.
three outriggers shall remain in contact with the sup- (i) Missing or illegible operational labels and safety
port surface. During the stability test, the lifting of one signs shall be replaced.
outrigger on the opposite side of the load does not nec- (j) Lubrication should be performed according to the
essarily indicate a condition of instability. manufacturer’s recommendations and procedures.
(k) Delivery of lubricant to intended points should be
verified.
27-2.2.3 Postmaintenance Test
(l) Machinery shall not be in operation while lubri-
Before being returned to service after maintenance is cants are being applied, unless equipped for automatic
performed, any altered, replaced, or repaired compo- or remote lubrication or the lubrication point spe-
nents shall be tested for proper operation per the man- cifically requires movement for the lubricating pro-
ufacturer’s recommendations. cedure.

12
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ASME B30.27-2009

Chapter 27-3
Operation

SECTION 27-3.1: QUALIFICATIONS FOR AND cases, specialized clinical or medical judgements and
CONDUCT OF OPERATORS AND tests may be required.
OPERATING PRACTICES (1) vision of at least 20/30 Snellen in one eye, with
or without corrective lenses.
27-3.1.1 Operators (2) ability to distinguish colors, regardless of posi-
(a) Material placement systems shall be operated only tion, if color differentiation is required.
by the following personnel: (3) adequate hearing, to meet operational de-
(1) persons who have met the requirements of mands, with or without a hearing aid.
paras. 27-3.1.2(a), (b), and (c). (4) sufficient strength, endurance, agility, coordi-
(2) persons who have met the requirements of para. nation, and speed of reaction to meet the operational
27-3.1.2(d) and are training for the type of material demands.
placement system being operated. While operating, the (5) shall have normal depth perception, field of vi-
trainee shall be under the direct supervision of a desig- sion, reaction time, manual dexterity, coordination, and
nated, qualified operator. no tendencies to dizziness or similar undesirable char-
(3) maintenance personnel who have completed all acteristics.
operator trainee qualification requirements and demon- (6) should successfully pass with a negative result
strated operational ability as defined in para. 27-3.1.2 a substance abuse test. The level of testing will be de-
(b)(4). Operation by these persons shall be limited to termined by the standard practice for the industry where
those material placement system functions necessary to the material placement system is employed, and this test
perform maintenance on the machine or verify the per- shall be confirmed by a recognized laboratory service.
formance of the material placement system after main- (7) no evidence of physical defects or emotional in-
tenance has been performed. stability that could render a hazard to the operator or
(4) inspectors who have completed all operator others or that in the opinion of the examiner could in-
trainee qualification requirements and demonstrated terfere with the operator’s performance. If evidence of
operational ability as defined in para. 27-3.1.2(b)(4). this nature is found, it may be sufficient cause for dis-
Operation by these persons shall be limited to those ma- qualification.
terial placement system functions necessary to accom- (8) evidence that an operator is subject to seizures
plish the inspection. or loss of physical control shall be sufficient reason for
(b) During material placement system operations, disqualification. Specialized medical tests may be re-
no one other than the personnel specified in para. quired to determine these conditions.
27-3.1.1(a) shall be within 5 ft (1.5 m) of the material (b) Operator requirements shall include, but not be
placement system or climb up on the machine, with the limited to, the following:
exception of supervisors, those specified persons au- (1) evidence of successfully passing a physical ex-
thorized by supervisors whose duties require them to amination as defined in para. 27-3.1.2(a).
do so in the performance of their duties, or concrete (2) satisfactory completion of a written examina-
truck drivers having the knowledge and permission of tion covering operational characteristics, controls,
the material placement system operator. power line avoidance, stability requirements, and emer-
gency control skills, such as response to fire, power line
contact, loss of stability, or control malfunction, as well
27-3.1.2 Qualifications for Operators
as characteristic and performance questions appropri-
Operators shall be required to successfully meet the ate to the material placement system type for which
qualifications for the specific type of material placement qualification is sought.
system they are operating. (3) operators shall demonstrate their ability to read
(a) Operator and operator trainees shall meet the fol- and comprehend the material placement system manufac-
lowing physical qualifications unless it can be shown turer’s operation and maintenance instruction materials.
that failure to meet the qualifications will not affect the (4) completing an operation test demonstrating
operation of the material placement system. In such proficiency in handling the specific type material place-

13
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ASME B30.27-2009

ment system, including both prestart and poststart in- mendations or, lacking such recommendations, as di-
spection, setup procedures, maneuvering skills, shut- rected by a qualified person.
down, and securing procedures. (b) The operator shall not divert his attention from
(5) operators shall demonstrate understanding of the operation of the material placement system while
the applicable sections of the B30 Standard and federal, operating the material placement system.
state, and local requirements. (c) When physically or mentally unfit, an operator
(c) Operators who have successfully qualified for a shall not engage in the operation of equipment.
specific type material placement system shall be re- (d) The operator shall respond to signals from the
quired to be requalified if supervision deems it neces- spotter. However, the operator shall obey a stop signal
sary. Requalification shall include, but not be limited to, at all times, no matter who gives it.
the following: (e) Each operator shall be held responsible for those
(1) evidence of successfully passing a current phys- operations under the operator’s direct control. If there is
ical examination as defined in para. 27-3.1.2(a). any doubt as to the safety of the situation, the operator
(2) satisfactory completion of a written examina- shall consult with a qualified person before proceeding.
tion covering operational characteristics, controls, (f) The operator shall not leave the machine controls
power line avoidance, stability requirements, and emer- unattended when the material placement system is
gency control skills, such as response to fire, power line operating.
contact, loss of stability, or control malfunctions appro- (g) The operator shall disable the material placement
priate to the material placement system for which they system according to the manufacturer’s recommenda-
are being qualified. tions before leaving the material placement system con-
(3) operators shall demonstrate their ability to read trols unattended.
and comprehend the material placement system manufac- (h) When site weather conditions exceed the manu-
turer’s operation and maintenance instruction materials. facturer’s operating parameters, the manufacturer’s rec-
(4) completing an operations test demonstrating ommendations for securing the material placement sys-
proficiency in handling the specific type material place- tem shall be followed.
ment system on which they are being requalified, in- (i) The operator shall be familiar with the equipment
cluding both prestart and post-start inspections, setup and its proper care. The operator shall promptly report
procedures, maneuvering skills, shutdown, and secur- the need for adjustments or repairs or potentially haz-
ing procedures. ardous conditions to a designated person and also no-
(5) operators shall demonstrate understanding of tify the next operator.
the applicable sections of the B30 Standard and federal, (j) All controls shall be tested by the operator at the
state, and local requirements. start of a new shift. If any controls fail to operate prop-
(d) Trainee qualification requirements shall include, erly, which could create a hazardous condition, they
but not be limited to, the following: shall be adjusted or repaired before operations are
(1) evidence of successfully passing a current phys- begun.
ical examination as defined in para. 27-3.1.2(a). (k) The manufacturer’s boom assembly and disas-
(2) satisfactory completion of a written examination sembly procedures shall be followed. In the absence of
covering operational characteristics, controls, power line such procedures, the directions of a qualified person
avoidance, stability requirements, and emergency control shall be followed.
skills, such as response to fire, power line contact, loss of (l) When removing pins or bolts from a detachable
stability, or control malfunctions appropriate to the mate- boom, workers should stay out from under the boom.
rial placement system for which they are being qualified. (m) Each outrigger shall be visible to the operator or
(3) operator trainees shall demonstrate their ability a spotter during extension, slewing, or jacking.
to read and comprehend the material placement system (n) The operator shall not set up or operate the ma-
manufacturer’s operation and maintenance instruction terial placement system when it results in a hazardous
materials. condition.
(e) Trainee qualification, operator qualification, and
operator requalification shall be performed by a quali- 27-3.1.4 Operating Practices
fied person.
Material placement systems shall
(f) Operator physical examinations shall be required
(a) not be used as cranes or hoists to lift objects or
every 3 years or more frequently if supervision deems
other loads
it necessary.
(b) not be overloaded by
(1) hanging system pipe or hose beyond the spec-
27-3.1.3 Conduct of Operators
ification of the manufacturer
(a) Operators shall operate the material placement (2) installing boom pipe, elbows, or clamps heav-
system in accordance with the manufacturer’s recom- ier than manufacturer’s specifications

14
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ASME B30.27-2009

(3) attaching pipeline directly to the boom tip el- ing such line or the electrical utility authorities indicate
bow without a flexible delivery hose that allows boom it is not an energized line. Caution shall be exercised
movement when working near overhead lines, because they can
(4) securing the boom to any fixed object move horizontally or vertically due to wind, moving the
(c) be set up level according to the manufacturer’s danger zone to new positions. Operators shall not rely
specification on the coverings of wires for their protection.
(d) be operated with all outriggers fully slewed, ex- When operating near energized electric power lines,
tended, and jacked level in accordance with the manu- the following clearances shall be met:
facturer’s procedures. Shortrigging is permitted only if (a) For lines rated 200 kV or below, minimum clear-
all the following conditions are met: ance between the lines and any part of the material
(1) documented by a qualified person that short- placement system shall be 17 ft (5 m) (Fig. 8). For higher
rigging is unavoidable. voltages, see Table 1.
(2) the boom is not operated beyond the area of (b) In transit with the boom lowered, the clearance
fully extended outriggers (see Fig. 7). shall be as specified in Table 1 and illustrated in Fig. 8.
(3) any outriggers left retracted are jacked and the
unit leveled. 27-3.1.6 Cleaning Pipeline
(4) the manufacturer’s or a qualified person’s doc-
27-3.1.6.1 Cleaning the boom pipeline should be ac-
umented procedures are followed.
complished by sucking a sponge ball backwards
(e) not be used to drag hose or separately laid deliv-
through the delivery pipeline per the manufacturer’s
ery system
specifications.
(f ) not be operated without a sling or cable attaching
Unless specified by the manufacturer, material deliv-
each piece of hanging delivery system to the boom
ery systems shall not be cleaned out with compressed
(g) not be moved to different locations unless both
air and then only when all of the following conditions
the boom and outriggers are stowed in the transport po-
have been met:
sition or as directed by the manufacturer’s specification
(a) The operation is planned and supervised by a
(h) not be operated when lightning is present
qualified person.
(i) not be operated when wind force exceeds the man-
(b) The system to be cleaned has been secured against
ufacturer’s recommendation for safe operation
movement.
(c) All hoses at the discharge end have been removed,
27-3.1.5 Operating Near Electric Power Lines except when a short hose is part of a planned discharge
27-3.1.5.1 Material placement systems shall not be into a ready mix truck.
operated near energized electrical power lines unless (d) The discharge is controlled.
no combination of boom, delivery system, or machine 27-3.1.6.2 Compressed air shall not be used to re-
components could enter the danger zone as shown in move a blockage in a material delivery system.
Fig. 8.
27-3.1.7 Knowledge of Manual Content
27-3.1.5.2 In the event operating within the danger
zone is unavoidable, the following steps shall first be Personnel responsible for the supervision, installa-
taken to ensure de-energization of the power lines. tion, operation, inspection, or maintenance of the ma-
(a) The electrical utility or owner of the power lines terial placement system shall be familiar with the ap-
shall de-energize the lines. plicable contents of the manual(s) supplied by the
(b) The lines shall be visibly grounded and appro- manufacturer.
priately marked at the job site location.
(c) A qualified representative of the owner of the power
SECTION 27-3.2: MATERIAL PLACEMENT SYSTEM
line or a designated representative of the electrical utility
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
shall verify that steps (a) and (b) of this paragraph have
been completed and the lines are not energized. (a) A lockout/tagout policy and procedure shall be
developed, documented, and implemented by the
27-3.1.5.3 If a material placement system is posi-
owner or user of the material placement system.
tioned so the placing boom is capable of entering the
(b) The lockout/tagout policy and procedure shall
danger zone, a designated person shall be appointed
comply with the requirements of ANSI Z244.1.
whose sole responsibility is to verify the clearances es-
(c) The policy shall give consideration to the follow-
tablished in Table 1 are maintained and shall have the
ing areas:
ability to alert the operator.
(1) material placement system power disconnec-
27-3.1.5.4 Any overhead wire shall be considered to tion means
be an energized line unless and until the person own- (2) work to be done on the material placement system

15
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ASME B30.27-2009

(09) Fig. 7 Area of Extended Outriggers

NO! OK OK NO!
Material
to be placed

Contact the manufacturer for

allowable movement area
over the front. It may be less
than the centerlines of the
extended front outriggers.
TIPPING HAZARD!
The boom can be moved safely ONLY between the
centerlines of the extended outriggers as represented by
the shading. Use of the boom outside the centerlines
(the unshaded areas) could cause tipping.

NO! NO!
OK OK

Material Material
to be placed to be placed

OK OK

NO! NO!

16
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ASME B30.27-2009

Table 1 Minimum Required Clearances

Minimum Required Clearance, ft (m)
Normal Voltage, kV (Phase to Phase) [Note (1)]

Operation near high voltage power lines

To 200 17 (5)
Over 200 to 350 20 (6.10)
Over 350 to 500 25 (7.62)
Over 500 to 750 35 (10.67)
Over 750 to 1 000 45 (13.72)

Operation in transit with boom or conveyor lowered

To 0.75 4 (1.22)
Over 0.75 to 50 6 (1.83)
Over 50 to 345 10 (3.05)
Over 345 to 750 16 (4.87)
Over 750 to 1 000 20 (6.10)

NOTE:
(1) Environmental conditions, such as fog, smoke, or precipitation, may require increased clearances.

Fig. 8 Danger Zone for Material Placement Systems and Delivery System (09)
Operating Near Electrical Transmission Lines

This area should be avoided

Danger zone area

[Note (1)]

NOTE:
(1) For minimum radial distance of danger zone, see Table 1.

17
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ASME B30.27-2009

(09) Fig. 9 Material Placement System Hand Signals

(2 taps)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Start Pump Slow Pump Stop Pump Little Bit Relieve Add Water All Done
Speed Up Down Pressure 4-Gallons Clean Up

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Boom Up Boom Down Boom Left Boom Right Open or Close or Stop Boom
Extend Boom Retract Boom

SECTION 27-3.3: SIGNALS 27-3.3.3 Special Signals

27-3.3.1 Standard Signals For operations not covered by para. 27-3.3.2, or for
special conditions that occur from time to time, addi-
Standard signals to the operator shall be in accor- tions to or modifications of the standard signals or hand
dance with para. 27-3.3.2 unless voice communication signals may be required. In all such cases, these special
equipment (telephone, radio, or equivalent) is utilized. signals shall be agreed upon in advance by both the op-
Signals shall be discernible or audible at all times. No erator and designated spotter and should not be in con-
response shall be made unless signals are clearly un- flict with standard signals.
derstood.
27-3.3.4 Instructions
If it is necessary to give instructions to the operator other
27-3.3.2 Hand Signals
than those provided by established signal system, the ma-
Hand signals shall be in accordance with Fig. 9. terial placement systems movements shall be stopped.

18
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J17409

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Copyright c 2009 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
ASME B30.27-2009