PROPOSED LESSON PLAN FOR WEEK 1 (3rd TERM 2022/2023)
Subject Biology
Date
Lesson length 40 mins of 3 periods each
Age 10-12yrs
Class SSI
Number of Learners 14
Type of Learners Mixed
Learning Environment Indoor/Lab.
Aim(s) To enhance students understanding on the ecosystem
Topic Functioning ecosystem
Teaching objective The teacher demonstrates and explains to the students:
heterotrophy and autotrophy
food relationship among living things
nutrient transfer in the ecosystem
Learning objective By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
define autotrophy and heterotrophy
explain that plants are the only producers that produce food for all
living things
describe nutrient transfer in the ecosystem
Anticipation Students have already studied ecosystem
progression Continue with the lesson
Reference Essential biology for Senior Secondary Schools pg 456
Extension biology for Senior Secondary School
Teaching Aid(s) The school environment
Entry Behaviour: The teacher begins the lesson by taking the learners around the school environment.
Learners are asked to take notes on the producers and consumers they identified around them.
Step 1: Autotrophy and heterotrophy
Autotrophy; this refers to the process whereby certain organisms use sunlight or chemicals to manufacture
their food from inorganic substances through a process called photosynthesis.
Heterotrophy; this is the process by which organism depend directly or indirectly on green plants for their
food.
Producers
A producer is an organism this is capable of producing complex organic substances from simple inorganic
substance through the process of photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. They play an important role in
maintaining a balance between oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Types of producers
Photoautotroph; are mainly the green plants which undergo the process of photosynthesis.
Chemoautotroph; they are mainly bacteria such as colourless sulphur bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.
They release energy during certain inorganic chemical reactions and prepare organic food with it.
Examples of producers in aquatic and terrestrial habitat
Aquatic habitat producers includes; phytoplankton, algae, sea grass and water hyacinth.
Terrestrial habitat producers include; grasses, trees, herbs and shrubs.
Consumers
Consumers are mainly animals which are unable to synthesise their food. They utilize energy from producers.
A consumer is an organism that generally obtains food on other organism or organic matter due to its inability
to manufacture its own food.
Types of consumers
Primary consumer; animals that feed directly on plants (herbivores)
Examples of primary consumers in aquatic habitat; Snail, Mosquito larva, Tadpole, Crab and Tortoise
Examples of primary consumers in the terrestrial habitat; Cattle, Deer, Rat, Grasshopper and Zebra.
Secondary consumers; animals that feed on herbivores (carnivores).
Examples of secondary consumers in aquatic habitat; hydra, dragon fly larva, water bug, water beetle,
frog and small fish
Examples of secondary consumers in terrestrial habitat; cat, dog, snake, lizard, toad and fox.
Tertiary consumer; animals that feed on flesh of carnivores.
Examples of tertiary consumers in aquatic habitat; turtle, jelly fish, shark etc.
Examples of tertiary consumers in terrestrial habitat; lion, eagle and man.
Step 2: Decomposers
These are mainly bacteria and fungi which feed on dead remains of plants, animals and organism, leading to
the breakdown of organic matter to produce soluble nutrients which are absorbed by plants are broken down
into simple forms that can be absorbed.
Interactive pattern Individual/pairing
Cross curricular link Agricultural science: Ecosystem
Assessment
Why are consumer known as key industry animals?
Biblical principle John 6: 35 I am the bread of life
Organisation Whole class /individual activity.
Differentiation Further explanation for the up and coming, extra work for the highfliers
Evaluation write short notes on the following
Autotrophy
heterotrophy
briefly describe the process of decomposition by organism
list the types of consumers based on their feeding habits
Outcome
Reflection
Summary
Conclusion
Homework
