UNIT 10 : ECOTOURIM (DU LICH SINH THAI) A. VOCABULARY New words Meaning Example ‘Adap Thich nghi Ietook me alot of time to adapt to the new job. /aldzept! Toi da mat nhiéu thdi gian dé thich nghi véi céng viée méi. ) Damage Thit hai The storm caused serious damage to the roof /‘deemid3! Con bao da lam cho méi nha thiéthai nghiém trong. (n) Destination | Dich dén Da Lat isa very famous holiday destination. /desti’neifan! (n) DA lat 1a mGt dich dn nghi mat rat néi tigng. Discharge /dis'tjad3/ (n) Thai ra, xara The waste was discharged from this factory. Chat thai da durgc thai ra tir nha may nay Eco - friendly /iskeutrendlil (adj) Than thign véi méi trydng We should use more eco-friendly products. Ching tanén sit sung nhiéu san pham than thiéa véi méi trwéng hon. Ecology Jivkoladsil (n) Hé sinh thai Pollution could damage the fragile ecology of the coral reefs. Onhiém cé thé gay tén hai dén hé sinh th4i méng manh cia san hé. Ecotourism Du lich sinh that Ecotorism activities have a negative impact on the environment. Cac hoat dng du lich sinh thai cé tac déng tidu eye vaio méi trong. Entertain Gidi tri tidu We hired that man to entertain the children. /ente'tein/ khién Chting téi da thué ngwéi dan éng a6 dé lam bon tré vui ve. ) Exotic Dep Kila, ngoai_| I like exotic fruits. /ig’zvtiks lal Tol thich hoa qua ngoal lal. (adj) Fauna Hé dng vat The local government should invest more money in the /nel preservation of the fauna and flora of the area (n) Chinh quy€n dja phwuong nén dau tu nhiau tién hon vao vide bao tén dong thuc vat cita dja phwong. Flora Hé thue vat (floral (n) Harm Lam hai This can harm the child. /ham/ Digu nay cé thé lam hai dén diva tré. @)Impact Tac dong, Tourism has a majé impact on the development of our country. /impeekt! Du lich cé tac dng lén vao sy phat trién cita dat nude ching ta. (n) Nature Thién nhién We love nature and people there /neitfer! Ching téi yéu thién nhién va con ngwdi é a. (n) Principle Nguyén te The principles of equality are important. /'prinsepl/ Nhiing nguyén tac binh dang rt quan trong. (n) Relax Thv gian, giditri | 1 often relax by listening to music after a working day. /xi'coks! Sau mét ngay lam vige t6i thwong thy gidn bing vige nghe nhge. (v) Sustainable | Bén ving Ecotourism is sustainable /sa'steinatl/ Du lich sinh thai thi bén ving. (adj) Tour guide Huéng dan vién_ | When I grow up, I want to become a tour guide. /twar gaid/ du lich Khi tof Ién lén, t61 mudn tré thanh huéng dan vién du lich. (n) Tourist Khéch dulich | Our countryhas a flourishing tourist industry. /' twarist! Dat mw6c ching toi cé6 nén cong nghiép du lich thinh vegng. (n) B. GRAMMAR Cau digu kign diing 48 néu lén mét gia thiét vé mét sy viéc, hanh dng cé thé say ra khi digukién duoc néi dén xy ra, Cau diéu kign gom 2 ménh dé: ménh dé “if” nau én diéu kign va ménh d@ néu lén két qua la ménh 4 chinh, *CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1 AND 2 ( CAU DIEU KIEN LOAI 1 VA LOAI 2) 1. Conditional sentences type 1 (Cau diéu kién loai 1) Use: Chi st viéc, hanh déng c6 thé xy ra 6 hién tai hodc trong twong lai. ( Cau diu kign cé thyc) Forn If clause Main clause $+ will/ can/ may/ might + V (bare - inf) If +8 + V (Present tense)... E.g: If| get the scholarship, | will study in England. ( Néu tdi nh§n éwec hoc béng thi tdi sé hoc & nvée Anh.) If the weather is nice, I will go fishing, (Néu théi tiét dep thi ti sé di cau ca)If I find her address, I'l send her an invitation, ( Néu tdi tim thay dja chi ciia cé dy thi toi sé git thi mdi cho cé ay) - Dao ngit: If + $+ V (present tense), .... = Should + S + V bare-inf, Eg: If he calls me, I'll answer immediately = Should he call me, I'll answer immediately. (Néu anh ay cé goi tdi thi toi sé tra loi ngay lap titc. ) 2. Conditional type 2 ( Cau diéu kién loai 2) Usi Chi sy vige, hanh dgng khong thé xay ra & hign tal hoac tong lat, diu kign chi 1 mgt giai thieét, mét wéc muén tréi nguge véi thye té &hign tai ( Cau digu kign khéng cé thye & hign tai ) Form: If clause Main dause If +S +V (past tense )/ could + V (hare- inf)... | S + would/ could + V (bare- inf). E.g: If [were a millionaire, I would buy that house. ( Néu tdi lA mgt trigu phd, tai sé mua ngéi nha 46.) If Thad money, I could buy anew car. (Néu tdi cé tién thi tdi cé thé mua dugc 6 t6 méi.) *Note: Trong cau diéu ki8n loai 2 thi déng tir to be “were” thong durge ding voi tat c& cée chit ngte Tuy nhién, “was” van cé thé durgc sir dung. - Bao ngit: Were + S + to + V-inf, S+ would + V-inf E.g: If I learnt Korean, I would sing a Korean song, = Were Ito learn Korean, I would sing a Korean song. ( Néu tdi hoc tiéng Han Quéc, tdi sé hat dwg bai hat tiéng Han.) 3. Conditional sentences in reported speech ( Cau diéu kign gién tip ) Khichuyén tir cau tryc tiép sang cdu tudng thugt ( gidn tiép ), dong tir trong cau diéu kién loai 1 ( conditional type 1) durge chia theo loai 2 (conditional type 2), cau @iéu kién loai 2 va 3 khdng thay déi dang dng ti. Eg “ Ill will come to see you if Ihave time’, the man said to her. -> The man said to her ( that) he would come to see her ifhe had time. “What would you say if someone stepped on your feet?”, they asked me. -> They asked me what I would say if someone stepped on my feet. “Ifyou had asked me, I would have lent you my laptop”, my brother said to me. -> My brother said to me ( that) if Ihad asked him, he would have lent me his laptop. BAI TAP VAN DUNG Co BAN Bai Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form.1. Ifyou go to Paris, where you (stay) 2 2. Ifyou (swim ) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold. 3. Ifsomeone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose) 4. The flight may be cancelled ifthe fog ( get ) thick, 5. Ifthe milkman ( come) tell him to leave two pints. Bai 2: Choose the correct answer in the brackets. 1. Ifyou ( turn/ turns/ could turn ) the volume down, the music ( sounded/ would sound/ would sounded) clearer. 2. Your pencils ( broke not/ didn’t break/ wouldn't break if you ( pack/ would pack/ packed) your school bad more carefully. 3. Ifthe girls (goed/ went/ could went) to bed earlier, they (yawned not/ wouldn't yawn/ won't yawn) all through the lesson. 4, (Would you like/ like you/ will you like) a car if you (has/ had/ have ) the money? 5. IfBill ( closes/ closed/ will close } the window, it (wouldn't be/ won't be/ isn't) so cold in the kitchen. Bai 3: Combine the two sentences using conditional sentences. 1. They don’t understand the problem. They won't find a solution -> If they 2. He sits around too much. He isn't fit. ~> Ihe 3, She's very thin; perhaps that’s why she feels cold so much. -> fhe. 4, He never polishes his shoes, so he never looks smart. > Ifhe 8, He can't park near his office; that's why he doesn't come by car. -> Ifhe_ Bai 4: Change the following conditional sentences into reported speech. 1. “If catch the plane I'll be home by four o'clock” she said. 2. "You should stay in bed if you feel unwell.” My mother said.3. “What would you do ifyou were having a problem with grammar, Nga?” Huyen asked. 4. “If Lwere you, I'd stop smoking,” she said to her brother. 5. “I'd have been in bad trouble if Lan hadn't helped me,” he said. Bai sentence given. : Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the 1. Idon’t see you very often because you live so far away. -> Ifyou 2. [don’t have enough money, so I’m not going to buy that ski Td 3. We don’t practice English very often - We can't communicate with foreigners. -> Ifwe 4. [can’t meet you tomorrow - Ihave to work late. If. 5. Idon’t want her advice, and that’s why I'm not going to ask for it. if BAI TAP TONG HOP NANG CAO Bai ut the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. ( Conditional sentences ) 1. Ifyou come with me, I (do) the shopping with you. 2. Tom (help) his mother in the garden if she reads him a story this evening Fit (rain), I will stay at home. 4, Our teacher will be happy if we (learn) the letter by heart. . Ifthey had enough money, they (buy 0 « new house. 6. They (pass ) the exam if they studied harder. 7. Nick, (vepair ) his bike, he could go on a bicycle tour with us. 8. She would get 50 pounds if she (sell) this old computer. 9. fl were you, I (invite ) John to the party. 10. If the weather (be) fine, the children can walk to school.Bai 7: Choose the correct answer in the brackets. 1. IfI (listen/ listens/ will listen) to classical music, I (writes/ writes/ can write) good poems. 2. Sally (look/ looks, must look) after her baby brother ifher father ( go/ goes/ with go ) jogging. 3. Ifyou (take/ takes/ will take) the train, you ( arrive/ arrive/ should ar ‘2 ) in Hanoi before 8 pm. 4. The girls (hurry/ hurries/ should hurry) i hey ( book/ books/ haven't booked) the tickets yet. 5. fMark (do/ does/ will do) that, Sue ( scream/ screamed/ will scream ). Bai 8: Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. 1. If had time, I (go) shopping with you. 2. liyou (speak) English, you will get along with them perfectly. 3. lshe (come) to see us, we will go to the zoo. 4. 1would (tell) you, if saw him. 5. Would you mind ifI (open) the window? 6. My friend will meet me at the station if he (get) the afternoon off. 7.11 (not do) it, nobody would do it. 8. lfmy mother (not pick) me up, I'll take the bus home. Bai 9: Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction. 1. If we (A) have time (B) in the weekend, we (C) will come (D) to see you 2. 71 (A) am you, I would (B) follow (C) his (D) advice. 3. He can (A) pass (B) the exam if he (C) studied (D) hard. 4. What (A) do you (B) do if you won (C) the first prize of (D) the lottery? 5. Would people (A) be able (B) to fly, if they (C) have feathers (D) instead of hair? Bai 10: Rearrange the words or phrases to make meaningful sentences. 1 not / if / does / rain / it / we /, /go / out / will / for / walk / a /. 2. there / if / plant / more / we / trees /, /be / more / will / animals / this / in / area /. 3.earn / unless / works / he / hard /,, / will / nothing / he /, 4. if/1/ accept / that / were / company's / would / offer /1/ Alex/.5. following / they / that / device / that / would / announced / be / produced / the / year / TEST 1 A. PHONETICS I. Find the word whi jas a differen 1. A. weather B. hearty c. 2. A public B. scuba-diving —C 3. A. min B. fruit c 4A relax B. natural c 5. A. biology B. biosphere c IL. Choose the word whic 1. A. ecology B. minority c 2. A. energy B. destination c 3. A environment — B. eco-friendly c 4A ecology B.scuba-diving —C 5. A. adventurous B. habitat c 6A. preservation —_B. equality c B. VOCABUALRY AND GRAMMAR meadow understand cruise safari biodiversity historical understanding inorganic sustainable sustainable economic I. Complete the sentences with a suitable word in the box. sound in the part underlined. D. breath, D. culture D. jnice D. camping D. biogas jas a different stress pattern from the others. D. favourable D. degradation D. vegetation D. phenomenoa D. traditional D. entertainment recognized ecotourism stalactites conservation awareness diversity biodiversity productive 1. The Central Highlands is also highly appreciated thanks to its high biological 2. The Bach Ma area has long been famous for its rich, richness within Bach Ma National Pack is still high. 3. Son Doong Cave has been -and plant species as the largest natural cave in the world 4, Phong Nha Cave has the longest underground river, the highest and longest cave, broadest and most beautiful fine sand beaches inside the caves, the most spectacular stalagmites and Ecotourisaa is a form of wavel that seeks to improve eavizonmental foster cultural recpect, and benefit the economic development of local comaunities 6. The Mekong Delta is one of the world’s largest and most activities are visits and studies in some national parks, adventurous activities in the mountain areas, and community-based ecotourism activities in the mountainous 7. The most typical areas. inland fisheries. 8. Researchers consider Phong Nha - Ke Bang to be of particular importance for bird IL. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form. 1. The birds (be) 2. (take) it 3. John and Ann (feel). party, Tl (aeed) Ibe) We (help) I you (throw) and (die) ees scared and (Ay) loud noises. the laptop back to the shop if you (not know) disappointed if nobody (come) money to buy a dictionary, you (lend) suprised if you (Fail) you to do the housework if we (have) plastic bags into the sea, the fish (eat) away if the birdwatchers (make) how to fix to their me some? the exam. You're working so hard time. them8. You (cause) a forest fire if you (make) a campfire and then (leave) it unattended. TIL. Choose the correct word or phrasal to complete the sentences. 1. My parents might be sad if fail/ will fail the «xam_ 2. [Fit doesn't sain, we would eat! will eat in the garden. 3. You get/ will get a discount if you pay for the trip in advance We will not go/ go to school on time if the bus is late again Tm sure he calls/ will call you if he doesn't see you at the party. 6. If Alice leaf leaves for Ha Noi at 3 o'clock, she'll be there by 10.30. 7. You went/ can go out with your friends if you finish your homework before 7 o'clock. 8. Ifyou pay/ will pay for an ecostour, part of your money will be used for wildlife protection. IV. Put the v # ‘bs in brackets into the correct tenses. 1. IfThad a typewriter I (type) it myseli. 2.41 (now) is address Id give st to you 3. He (ook) a lot better if he shaved more often. 4. IEyou (play) for lower stakes you wouldn't lose so much, 5. Ifhe worked more slowiy he (not make) so many mistakes 6. Ishoulda't deink that wine if I (be) you. 7. More tourists would come to this country if it (have) a better climate 8. If L were sent to prison you (visit) me? 9. Ifsomeone (give) you a helicopter what would you do with i? 10.1 (buy) shares in that company if I had some money V. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses. 1. IfT had known that you were in hospital I (visit) you. 2. The ground was very soft. But for that, my horse (win) 3. Ifyou (arrive) ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat. 4. You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be) here last week. 5. But for his quickness I (be) killed. 6. Ishouldn't have believed it fT (not see) it with my own eyes 7. fhe had slipped, he (fall) 500 metres 8. Ifhe had asked you, you (accept)? 9.11 (had) a map I would have been all right 10.161 - (know) that you were coming I‘é have baked a cake VIL. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. 1. The southeast area of Viet Nam has typical ECOLOGY systems with Cat Tien, Con Dao National Park, Can Gio Biosphere Reserve, which are characterized by high biological diversity. DIVERSE 2. Bac Lieu Bird Sanctuary Nature Reserve is a coastal rich and INSPIRE salt forest floor with the natural salt-marsh ecosystem. 3. The wonder of Cao Son Eco-Lodge in Lao Cai is. CONSERVE with mild weather, authentic culture of local hill tribes and spectacular landscapes. SIGNIFICANCE 4. The limestone forest ecosystem at Phong Nha - Ke Beng supporta high diversity of plant and animal species, and it is of the greatest HABITANT significance 5. At an altitude of 178 meters, Ba Be is the only DOMINATION natural mountain lake in Viet Nam.6. Ba Be Lake is unique among Vietnamese protected areas for the diversity of SUPPORTIVE freshwater 7. The vegetation of Cuc Phuong National Park is, by limestone forest. & Cue Phuong National Park populations of several mammal species of conservation importance. VIL Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 1. “Would youmind if we ____you by your first name?” - “Not at all. Please call me Tom.” A called B. call C. calling D. want to call 2. She can't gethome ____ she has no money A. unless Big C. watil D. without 3. IfT had known your new address. we _to see you. A. came B. will come C. would come D. would have come 4. TEwe took the 10:30 train, __ too early. Awe would amive Bowe should arrive C.wewillamve — D. we may amive 5. I's very crowded here. I wish there __ so many people. Assent B. weren't C. haven't been D. isn't 6. Iwouldn't go there at night if1__ you Aan B. was C. were D. had been 7.11 ___getasode,I'll go fishing Avcan B. could C.may D. snight 8. Ifthey had enough time, they __head south, A. will B.can CC. saust D. sight 9. Ifyou ____a choice. which country would you visit? Av have B. had C. have had D. will have 10. Trees won't grow ___ there is enough water. Ait B. when C. unless Das 11. Lhave a test to take tomorow morning. IfI____ free time, I____ to Cue Phuong National Park with you. A had-wouldgo B willhave-will go C have-willgo D. had -went 12. Phong Nha Cave has been regarded by the British Cave Research Association as the top cave in the world __ its four top records A. despite B.with C. due to D. because 13.__ the decisive assistance of the villagers, we would not be able to facilitate the ecotour A. But B. Neither C. With D. Without 14. According to the weather forecast, it will be fine at the weekend Ifthe westher___ fine, we __on camping at the weekend. A.were- would go B. was went C. is - will go D. will be -go 15. After lunch, we take a short tall to the elephant camp __ you will enjoy an exciting elephant riding A. where B. what C. that D. when 16. You caa climb up Mount McKinley, the highest peak in North America, to explore the rest of Denali National Park in Alaska, and view some ___wildlife A. interested B. spectacular C. excited D. great 17. The vast wildemess of Alaska offers some unbelievable ecotourism opportunities, and one of the most tourism industries in the USA. A. sustainable B. natusal C. safe D. environmental 18. Villagers can compete against the commercial fishing and timber companies who __ the natural resources of the area, taking as much as they want. A. deplete B. lower Cleave D. decrease 19. The Mekong Delta is an extraordinary place that___ international tourists, A. offers B. considers C. attracts D. persuades20. The areas are very____ for tourists who love to study and discover A. suitable B. available C. successfial D. aware C. READING I. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space. workin, middle clouds away secognized include amazing attractive create destination Depart from Ha Noi and head for Highland of Ha Giang, it would be a long but fantastic tip. It is the zigzag mountain path that will make your joumey unforgettable. Meo Vac is exactly the next (1) that will take your breath (2) ‘You will totally be in the feeling of adventure, feeling of peace and feeling of full discovery. Starting your way of exploration, Mzo Vac is the right place for you to check out some of 23 minority groups in Ha Giang. which 3) Hmong, Tay. Nung tribes. The Nho Que River seems to be so tiny among big mountains. You can see here and there the locals in their colorful dresses. (4) on the terraced fields. Making the way north, you will arrive in Dong Van. The minibus creeps in the layers of (5) again, overwhelming you with loads of beautiful sceneries. Passing Heaven's Gate, Rock Plateau, which was (6) by the UNESCO asa geological park, seems to appear before your eyes like a masterpiece of nature. Like other sites in Ha Giang, Dong Van is (7) all year around, particularly, on Luner New Year holiday when various cultures of minority groups are strongly and widely exposed. Besides, you will be able to witness the brilliant yellow paddy fields around August and September. which is in the (8) of the harvest season. Up to Lung Cu, the (9) beauty of rocky area will contiaue to captivate your soul. The Highest Flagpole of the North Viet Nam, Old Palace of Hmong King, Pho Bang Old Town are of your good choices here They (10) the harmony between culture and history of the highland. Let's join im the local market, and we guarantee that you will have what you are looking for! IL. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. Come “fly” over the Rainforest - We'll take your breath away! Located in Caims, Australia, Rainforest Flyway is a world leader in (1) We take our guests on a breathtaking “flight over rainforest trees and straight into the heart of the rainforest for an unforgettable experience. On the Flyway. you'll experience over 7.5 kilometers of living rainforests while learning about this spectacular place. Did you know that Australia's rainforests are home to over 3,000 different plant species? And (2)___ of the trees here are more than 3,000 years old! After this visit you'll understand why it's so important to (3)___ the rainforests. And you'll see that environmentally responsible wavel can be fun, educational, and breathtaking. Even if you're a world traveler, you've never experienced anything like the Rainforest Flyway. You'll start your unique journey above the (4)___ as you “fly” in a comfortable gondola only a few meters above the trees. Sit back and enjoy the extraordinary (5)__. You will be amazed at the breathtakingly rich and lush foliage. And rest assured, there was no damage done to the rainforest (6) _ during the construction of your gondola. That's why the development of the Flyway took over 40 months to complete. Your gondola will bring you dowa into the rainforest itself, where you follow a path to see, hear, and smell the rainforest environment from the ground. Free tours are available several times a day. (7)__ guides can point out some unusual plants, provide you with interesting facts about rainforest ecology. and answer your questions Your Rainforest Flyway experience lasts 90 minutes and ends in the small town of Kuranda, just 25 kilometers northwest of Caims. Here, you can continue your eco-tour with a visit to the protected areas that 2,000 tropical butterflies call home. You can also buy ($)_arts and crafts made by the people of Kuranda, And if that isn't enough, you can contime on to the (9)_ reserve located a short 9 kilometers west of Kuranda to see animals from all parts of the world.Rainforest Flyway has woa numerous awards, including Travel Planet magazine's "Best Ecotourism Destination” Call or visit us online to make your (10) difference B. some B. exist B flood B appearance = BB ecology B B. B. B. B wee Tourism beneficial >> D> b> Dp bp ecology 10. A. protections D. WRITING range part accommodate rainforest scenery biology Tour right ecotour reservations aaaaaaanan ecotourism type store forest photo geography Tourist original ecotourist guides pouyeuuuNNN L. Rewrite the conditional sentences for the following situations. 1. Phong doesn't have enough money so he can't travel abroad. reservations quality preserve jungle present ecotourism Tounng negative wildlife organizations 2. [don't drive too close to the animals on safari. They don't get scared. 3. Tom doesn'thave a passport. He can't travel abroad, 4. There are so many tourists visiting the national parks. The environment there is badly damaged. 5. Tourists throw liter in the siver. The water is polluted. 6. Ican't swim, so I'm not going scuba - diving with you 7. Twant to go on an eco-tour to Phu Quoc National Park, but I don't have any holiday. 8. These students do not work hard. They can't pass the exam. II. Rewrite the conditional sentences for the following situations. 1. Hoa's got so much homework that she cant go out with her friends tonight. 2. Sue doesn't have Tony's email addsess. She can't send him a message. 3. Icould make a cake for you, but there aren't any eggs in the fridge now 4. Nancy doesn't live near the park. She can't go running there every morning.5. Nam can't swim. He is not allowed to go to the swimming pool alone. 6 Ican't go to the concert because I have a lot of homework to do. 7. Nam doesn't have a camera, so he can't take pictures of his trip TEST 2 I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1A. conserve B. preserve C. reserve D. desert 2. A mile B. militant C. smile D. kind 3. A. peace B. great C. teat D. meat 4.A destmuction —_B. sustainable C. status D. nature 5. A. device B. deplete C. exotic D. challenge IL. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 1A. activity B. enjoyable C. economy D. difficulty 2. A environment — B. ecology C. intervention D. community 3.A.Viemamese — B. contribution C.conservation ——_D. concentrate 4.A.altemative —_B. competitive C.conservative _D. inexpensive 5.A.economical —_B. ecological C environmental —_D. unavoidable 6. A. eliminate B.concentiation —_C. eventually D. inhabitant IIL. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 1,___ she agreed, you would have done it ATE B. Had C. Should D. Would 2. you ___to be chosen for the job, you'll have to be experienced in the field. AC want B. wanted C. had wanted D. wants 3. If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy __saved. A. might be B. have been Cowas, D. might have been 4 Tfthere __ enough water, the rice fields could have been more productive Ahad been B. were C. would be D. are 5. The patient could not recover unless he ____an operation. [undergo: pass through] A-hadundergone — B. would undergo C. underwent D. was undergoing 6.Iishe ___ him, she would be very happy. A. met B. will meet C. is meeting D. should meet 7 Ihe ___ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post Ahad had B. had C. has D. has had 8. IfT had enough money.I___ abroad to improve my English. A. will go B. would go C. should go D. should have to go 9. Ifit____ convenient, let's go out for a drink tonight. Abe Bis C. was D. were 10. Ifyou ____ time, please write to me A have B. had C. have had D. has 11. The gardens and islets near the Tien and Hau River are very attractive ecotourism ___ of the region A. views B. scenes C. sights D. destinations 12. The show Captain Bob's Adventure Children is available now. If children of all ages__it, they__ part in an airboat ride and an interactive reptile show A. enjoyed - would take B.enjoyed—took — C. enjoy - will take D. enjoys — take 13. If you__ to Pak Ou Caves in Laos, you_ thousands of Buddha images and statues which have bea deposited here over centuries A. went- saw B.wouldgo-saw — C. go-see D. go- will see14, Local people can't see the benefits of ecotourism in their region. If ecotourism ___ their lives by creating new job opportunities, they __a more active role in the conservation. ‘A improved - would play B. improved played C. improves - will play D. improves - 15. Ifvisitors___ their holiday in Hawaii, they ___ in typical ecotourism activities, such as whale watching, kayaking, surfing, snorkelling, scuba diving, and boating A. spent - would participate B. would spend - would participate C. spend - participate D. spend - will participate 16. Wecanhelp ___ the environment by using green and sustainable energy sources. A waste B. save C. keep D. enjoy 17. Ecotourism ___are important to the overall sustainable energy sources A. drawings B. designs C. intentions D. plans 18. Texas is___to a number of eco-tour companies, and plenty of ranches and resorts. A. home B. house C. accommodation D. building 19. Seattle is one of the most ___cities in the US. A. ecosystem B. cco-fiiendly C. ecology D. ecological 20. In Alaska, the ecotourism operators are designed to help minimise tourism ___. which may be more difficult to control as an independent traveler. Avresult B. impact C. action D. power IV. Complete the sentences with a suitable word in the box. campins sustainable environmental ecotourism ecological impacts ecology exotic habitat destinations 1. Iam very much interested learning moze about and its benefits 2. Cutting down trees or hunting wild animals may upset the balance of an area 3. Irwas quite relaxing! interesting to spend a week on a trip with friends in the open air. 4a forest isa forest where trees that are cut are replanted ané the wildlife is provected, 5. Mass tourism may cause problems such as pollution, water shortages, of an increase of waste. 6. When you take part in an ecotourism, yu leam more about the cultural traditions of the local people and the of some rare animals 7. Top for ecotourism are usually national parks, forests or rural areas, 8. There could be both positive and negative of tourism activities on the environment. 9. Water pollution and scuba - diving activities can harm the —_ of the coral reefs 10. We can find lots of different flowers at the flower festival this year V. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the sentence correct. 1, Ifsomeone came into the store, smile and say, “May Thelp you?” A B c D Ifyou try these cosmetics. you look five years younger AB c D 3. If you do not understand what was written in the book, you could ask Mr. Pike. A B c D 4, Iwill come to meet Mr. Pike and tell him about your problems if you didn't solve them yourself. A B c D 5. Sam will not graduate unless he doesn't pass all the tests, A B c D 6. If there isn'tenough food, we coulda't continue our joumeyA B c D 7. Unless you pour oil on water, it will float. A B Cc D 8. You have totake a taxi home if you want to leave now A B c D 9. Ifanyone will phone, tell them I'll be back at 11.00. A B c D 10. We can hire a minibusifthere will be enough people A BC D VI. Choose the word in the box to complete the text. positive diversity home flooded number features collected provides Although ecotourism Located only 40 km from downtown Ho Chi Minh City, Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, with great historical and cultural traditions, Can Gio is uniquely valuable for its (1) -2 mangrove plant species, some of which are rare species listed in the Viet Nam Red List. Recreational visits to Can Gio started in the mid-1990s as students drom the city came to visit the beach and see monkeys on the weekends. There are three main tourist (2) in Can Gio The Forest Park is (3) to a mischievous 600-member monkeys, a semi-natural crocodile pool, and a historical museum, Visitors enjoy walking under the cool mangrove branches and playing with the monkeys The Vam Sat site inchides a bat sanctuary in the (4) area and a bird sanctuary containing over 10 species listed in the Red List. Vam Sat (5) visitors with basic knowledge of the ecosystem of mangrove fauna, and has therefore attracted a good (6) of scientists and trie eco-tourists. The April 30th Beach is located in the transition zone near Can Gio Towa. (7) the long beach is not of high quality, itis near the city and featuces cheap local seafood ‘At the moment and in general, the impact of tourism on the local economy and society is (8) Some local comamunity members have been their income increase and their living standards improve through employment in beach services. But (9) in Can Gio is also having some negative impact on the enviroament and the community. With the number of visitors increasingly rapidly, beach pollution is becoming a problem. Waste is (10) ___ each morning, but for the rest of the day, rubbish from food and drink shops are thrown into the beach creating unhygienic conditions. VIL Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. NAM CAT TIEN NATIONAL PARK In the early morning of the first day, the guide will pick you up and transfer to Nam Cat Tien, National Park, located on a low mountainous area of Dong Nai Province. Nam Cat Tien is an area which represents a special ecosystem of wet(1)__ with biodiversity You will take @ boat trip along the Dong Nai River to view the 2)__ on theriver banks. You can stop at the grassland area to search for peacocks, jungle fowl and birds that prefer a more open habitat. After that, you can continue to go to Kim Lan Village, once a French military camp and now the main village to the one ethnic (3)___ of the park. The song of birds will wake you up in the morning of the second day. You go hiking to the crocodile lake with plenty of (4)___ to see many varieties of bird life and, if you are lucky. the chance of spotting larger mammals. The Siamese Crocodile is an endangered (5)_and this is one of the last remaining places in the world that you can still see them in the wild. In the evening, a walking tour along the track following the river through the botanical garden to Heaven Rapids, which provide you with good opportunities to see the birds and possibly the gibbon. 1A places B varieties C forests D area 2. A. change B. variety C. diverse D. wildlife 3. A inhabitants _B. mammals C. plants D. habitats4. A occasion B. notes C. opportunities. —_D. advantages 5. A. surfaces B. layers C. spots D. species VIIL. Choose the best answer. ‘As most potential ccotourist sites are inhabited by ethnic minorities, the principle of “encouraging community participation ia ecotourism activities” should both create income and help maintain cultusal identity. These communities have a deep understanding of traditional festivals, cultivation and land use customs, traditional lifestyle and handicrafts, and historical places. A trip to the limestone mountain of Cao Bang - Bac Kaa, for example, is valuable not only for the Ba Be Lake, but for the opportunity to learn about cultivation customs, dying practices using endemic plants to produce brocading, and traditional handmade boats of precious timber collected in the forest Because ecotourism is important for environmental education, maintenance of indigenous culture. and local economic development, both investment and goverment encouragement are required. One research shows that 90 percent of ecotourist guides lack environmental knowledge about the flora, fauna, and natural resources in the area, and 8§ percent would benefit from ecotourism guidebooks written especially for them, An illustration of wasted potential caused by this lack of training 1s Ha Long Bay, a world heritage site with immense environmental value - coral reef, limestone mountains, thousands of flora and fauna species of high biodiversity, and sich cultural identity. But tourists in Ha Long Bay are presently visiting only the Bay and some caves, not accessing environmental information or local cultural activities. In general, the full potential of ecotousism has not yet been reached. Intemational visitors to Viet Nam offen like to visit ethnic minority villages to observe the culture, meet local people, and participate in traditional activities. The ethnic minorities who live in or near nature reserves maintain distinctive lifestyles, cultural identities, and waditional customs. These features are part of the real value of ecotourism. However, local people are act much involved in ecotourism. In additional. local people still live in poverty. their life closely associates with natural resources. The economic benefits of ecotourism need to be shared with them, but this will not happen without community participation. 1. The word “distinctive” in paragraph 4s closest in meaning to__ A. close to nature B. easily understood C. cleasly different from others D. staying the same for a long time 2 In order to develop ecotourism, local communities should __ A. change their distinctive lifestyles B. share the economic benefits of ecotourism C. depend on natusal resources D. take part in all aspects of ecotourism 3. An ecotour to the region of ethnic minorities is very valucble because tourists A. can understand the aspects of cultures and traditions B. can make a trip to the limestone mountain of Cao Bang - Bac Kan C can learn dying practices using endemic plants to produce brocading D. can make traditional boats of precious timber collected in the forest 4. Ecotourism can bring all the following benefits EXCEPT __ A. establishing more national parks and nature reserves B. introducing cultures of ethnic minorities to foreign tourists C. maintaining cultural identity D_ providing opportunities to learn about traditional customs guides who lack environmental knowledge can't A. get ecotourism guidebooks written especially for them B. make ethnic minorities have a deep understanding of their traditional festivals C. make tourists access all environmental information or local cultural activities a 3 5 D. take tourists to Ha Long Bay, a world heritage site with immense environmental value TEST 3 Part I. PHONETICS: Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.1A. culture B. public C. sustain D. butterfly 2. A. pollution B. coral C. problem D. ecology 3. A. discount B. observe C. safasi D. scuba-diving 4A relax B. departure C. benefit D. interest 5. A. nature B. manage C. balance D. campfire Exercise 2. Mark he letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions. 6 A. suggest B involve C. travel D. sustain 7. A. natural B. safari C. interest D. benefit 8. A. butterfly B. departure C. tradition D. protection 9. A. environment — B. ecology C. sustainable D. beneficial 10.A. ecotourism —_B. relaxation C. preservation D. disappointed Part I VOCABULARY Exercise 3. Mark the letter A. B. C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 11. You caa see different kinds of rare animals in this park. A. priceless B. half cooked C. unlimited D. limited 12. If you book tickets early. you can geta discount A. award. B. prize C. deduction. D. bonus 13. A sustainable forest is a forest where trees that are cut are replanted and the wildlife is protected A. pre-tested B preserved D. protested 14, When you take part in an eco tour, you learn more about the cultural traditions of te local people and the natural habitat of some rare animals. A. participate B. conduct C. enjoy D. depart 15. Cuting down tees or bunting wild animals may upset the ecological balance of an area. A strengthen B. motivate C. comfort D. disturb 16. Mass tourism may cause numerous problems. A. bring in B. bring up C. bring about D. bring away 17. Lam very much interested in learning more about ecotourisia and its benefits A. problems B. advantages C. dangers D. issues 18. Ecotourism means travel to areas of natural or ecological interest to observe wildlife and learn about the environment A. lookat B. look up C. took into 19. Macs tourism has contributed to the destruction of the environment. A. organization B. structure C. construction D. devastation 20. A lot of waste from hotels and vehicles is also discharged into the water and ait. A. discussed B. collected C. seleased D. treated 21. Tourists enjoy the beauty of wildlife without harming it A fostering B. damaging C. protecting D. preserving 22. To entertain tourists, we have to change our usual foods to suit their tastes or adapt dances and traditions to suit their needs. C reserved D. look down, A. satisfy B. enjoy C. attract D. persuade 23. Ecotourism can be beneficial to local people Abad B. good C. different D. meaningless 24. To build hotels, people destroy forests Avie-plant B. gow C. wipe out D. protect Ecotourism helps tourists leara how to protect the environment ‘A. damage B. change C. adapt D. save 26. Some farmers in the Mekong Delta have attracted hundreds of foreign visitors to their ecological gardens A. eppealed to B. refused C. sejected 27. Our country’s natural and cultural potential for ecotourism és well known. A. possibility for failure B. possibility for victory C. possibility for loss D. possibility for achievement 28. Eco tows in our country involve mainly travel te natural places. D. turned down,A primarily B. basically C. initially D. roughly 29. Their activities are not based on the ecotourism principles. A. principals B. mules C. criteria D. points 30. If tourists throw rubbish or break tree branches, they are heavily fined. A. advanced B. compensated _C. penalized in money D. awarded in money 31, Some tourist areas have suffered from some environmental damage. A. covered B. finished C. taken D. undergone 32. Ecotonsicm activities have had some negative impacts oa the environment and people in the area A. influences B. factors C. criteria D. stimuli The worst impact is the massive loss of land. A. minimal C. heavy D. acceptable 34, Ecotourism needs to recruit better educated people, co it woa't provide more jobs for the local people Av reduce B. offer CC. wipe out D. add If tourists leave litter after the picaic, they may cause pollution. A. crop B. depart C. escape D. disappear 36. Making a campfire requires cutting down trees for firewood ‘A. demands B. fosters C. encourages D. prevents 37. Campfires may cause forest fires if they are unattended A. focused B. neglected looked after D. watched 38. Hunting animals may lead to their extinction A. reduction B imprisonment C. death D. survival 39. Ecotourism is booming and tour operators say this helps natare A. decreasing B. declining C. falling D. flourishing 40. Ecotourism is making animals bolder and become less cautious about other animals. A. careful B. careless C. reckless D. foolish 41, If animals become less careful about other animals, they are at risk of being attacked by their natural predators, A helped B. harmed C. protected D. saved 42. Ecotourism is a unique way for travellers to engage in sustainable tourism while vacationing A. disconnect B. promise to marry C. join D. catch Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 43. The United Nations has declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism, to promote sustainable practices in this growing industry. A. favour B. raise C. boost D. delay 44, In order for ecotourism to be categorized as successful, it must involve local populations in the program. ‘A. exclude B. comprise C. engage D. relate 43. Venice has suggested imposing a tax on all visitors to help pay for restoration of the ancient buildings A. introducing B. removing C levying D. lessening 46. There are 1.6 billion tourists roaming the world, and the impact of tourism can be devastating A. disastrous B. nondestructive C. minous D. devastative 47."Green" tourists or "eco-tourists" are upset by the effects of mass tourism. A tense B troubled C nervous D relaxed 48. How many people can visit the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador without affecting the ecological balance? A keepingintect. — B. influencing C. uoubling D. causing dismrbance 49. Tt may become necessary for the United Nations to work out internstional agreements and strict environmental controls on the tourist industry. A tight B. loose C. exact D. accurate 50. Researchers believe tourists disrupt animals in their natural habitat. A. disturb B. confinse C. organize D. sais up Part Il. GRAMMAR Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 51. If businesses want to protect the environment, they ill aid the local community and educating travellersA B c D Nowadays, many of ustried to live in a way that will damage the environmentas little as possible A B c D 53. Ecotourism must benefits the local people and involve the local community A B c D Ecotourism must be sustamable, that is make a profit without destroynatural resources. A B Cc D 55. Ecotourism must provide an experiences that tourists want to pay for A B c D Ina tme ecotourism project, a nature reserve allows a small number of tourists to visiting its rare animals A B and uses the money that is generated to continue with important c D 57. The local people have jobs in the nature reserve as guides and wardensand also has a voice in how the A B Cc D project develops 58. Tourists stay in local houses with local people, not in special builthotels A B Cc D Tourists experience the local culture and do not take precious energy and water away from the locally A B c D population 60. Tourists travel by foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant so thatthere is no pollution. A B c D 61. Ecotourism brings tousicts a specially experience that they will zememberall of their lives. A B c D 62. This type of tourism can only involvesmall number of people so it can be expensive A B c D 63. Tourists caa apply to the principles of ecotourism wherever they go for their holiday. A B c D 64, Touristsshould lean about the place that they going to visit. A B c D 65. Have respect for local culture by wearing clothes that will not offend local people and ask them for A B c permission before you take a photograph. D 66, Remember the phrase "Leave nothing behind you except footprints and taking nothing away except A B c D photographs” Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 67. If you buy souvenirs made from endangered animals or plants, you __contribute to making them become extinct. A would B. might C could D are 68. You ___ help the local people if you buy local products whenever possible and pay a fair price for what you buy. A. could B. would C. wouldnt D. will 69. Ifyou want to help. remember ___ or use other non-polluting forms of transport whenever you can, A. towalk B. walk C. walking D. walked 70. Eco-tourists should be flexible and keep a sense of humour when ___ things wrong A went B. goes C. go D. going 71. Don't be afiaid__the holiday company about what they do that is ‘eco’ A aboutasking —_B. to asking C. asking D. to ask 72. “Eco” is very fashionable todzy and a lot of holidays that ___as ecotourism are not much better than traditional tourism A. advattise B.acadventised — C.aeadvertising —_D. advertising73. The damage to local communities, customs and crafis that results __the arrival of hnge groups of tourists Ato B. from Cia D. for 74, The travel industry should work with local councils and government agencies to agree __ realistic standards for planning and development in tourist areas. A. upon Bowith Cat D. for 75. It may become necessary for the United Nations to work international agreements and strict environmental controls on the tourist industry. A. against Bion C. with D. out 76. Ecotourism is defined as responsible travel __natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people. A. about Bia Cito D. for 77. Ecotourism is a booming business _ many tour operators cite as being helpful to nature. A. who B. that C. whose D. where 78, Every year, millions of people descend ___ protected and pristine natural areas to observe rare species Avon B.at Cia D.to 79. A number of reports have cast doubt ___ the value of ecotourism. A with B. about Cia Dion 80. It's hard to deny that humanity has played a pretty big role in changing nature __ the worse. A.with Bit C. for Dat 81. There will be some unforeseen consequences to the environment ifwe ____ ecotourism projects properly, ‘A didnt manage _B. don'tmanage—C. couldn't manage _D. wouldn't manage 82. If tourists win the trust of animals, they ___ put wild creatures in danger by encouraging them to relax with their natural predators Awill B. would C. could D. had 83. Ecotourism may become popular as people look for ways to getreally close __ exotic wildlife while keeping a clear conscience Aat B.in Ct D. with 84, Gorillas and penguins are among the species most susceptible __ ecotourism because they have a strong tendency to relax in the presence of humans. Ato B.in C.by D. with 85. As animals to feeling comfortable with humans, they may become bolder. A.willgetused — B. get used C. got used D. could get used 86. Professor Blumstein says that ecotourism is similar __ domesticating or urbanizing the animals A with Bias C.to D. like 87. Animals’ regular interactions with people may lead ___a kind of taming. Aw Bia C. fr D.to 88. Domesticated animals are less responsive ___ stimulated predatory attacks Ato B. with Con Diat 89, Animals will take more time to fee fiom danger if they ___in cities and are bolder. A will B. live C. would live D. could live 90. Ecotourism in distant and remote spots around the planet is getting more popular __ tourists and tour guides Ato Bion C. with D. between Part IV. SPEAKING Exercise 7. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges. Two friends Nam and Lan are talking about the topic of ecotourism. 91. Nam: "How important is tourism to our country?” Lan: > A. More and more companies are advertising about ecotourism. B. Itreally helps to create moze jobs for a lot of people. C. Tourism is also an industry. D. It is hard to develop without leaning about tourism,92. Lan: "Would you like to work in tourism” Nam: A. The number of tousists to our country is increasing. B. Everyone wants to be employed. C. I's always been my dream to work as a tour guide. D. Being a tour guide, you can lead an teresting hfe 93. Nam: "What do you think tourism will be like in the future?" laws A Tguess there will be various forms of tourism B. Ive always interested in tourism industry C. I's not easy to find a job in tourism these days D. More females than males work in tourism industry. 94, Lan: "What do you think of the idea of space tourism?" Nam: “__” ‘A. Tim thinking about ecotourism benefits B. Space exploration has brought numerous changes C. Rich people tend to spend more money on travelling. D. It might be a profitable industry in the future. 95, Nam: "Do you thunk ecotourism 1s a good idea?” Lan A Certainly A lot of people may benefit from this kind of tourism B. Ecotourismis getting more and more popular. C. Ecotourismis a hot topic these days D. Business people need a good idea to start up. 96. Nam: “Do you think tourism helps people in the world understand each other?” Lan“ A. Itis important for people in the world to understand each other. B. Wars may end when people understand each other. C. People need sympathy to uaderstand each other. D. Definitely. Tourism helps people to get to know more about different cultures. 97. Nam: "Is tourism something that only rich people can take part in?” Lan:"__” A Rich people tend to spend luxurious holidays. B. Not really. So many cheap holidays are being offered these days. C. Cheap holidays give you a chance to travel to more places D. Places of attractions are always full of visitors. 98, Nam: "What factors affect tourism?” Lan: > A Economic factors are always decisive ones. B. A strong tourism industry brings the country anmerous advantages. C. Iris fluenced by so many things, such as Weather, people, and administrative policies D. People need to be professionally trained to work in tourism industry 99. Nam: "Do you think tourism is bad for the planet?” Lan A. To some extent, yes, especially when tourists travel by plane B, People need to live in a green planet C. A lot of people want to travel sround the planet. D. We should protect our planet from bad tourism. 100. Nam: “What do you think about tourists in our country Lan: ‘A. There are tourists coming from other countries as well. B. Our country is a favourite destination for many tourists. C. The numbers of visitors to our country is increasing. D. Well, most of them behave appropriately, but some are still very rude 101. Lan: “How has tourism changed over the past few decades?”Nam: ‘A. Tourism is also considered as an industry B. In general, people without skills are at risk of being unemployed. C. There have been new types of tourism, and tourists have become more responsible. D. Ecotourism is not always beneficial to the local people. 102. Lan: “Are you a good ambassador for our country's tourism industry?” Nam: “ A Tourism industry really needs good ambassadors B. [hope so. I've always tried to get more people to know about tourist destinations in our country. C. A number of people have been chosen as tourism ambassadors. D. Tourism ambassadors really need to be good at communication skills. 103. Lan: "Which places ia our country do visitors eajoy visiting the most?” Nam: “_” ‘A It depends. Foreign visitors often like places such as Sa Pa or Ha Long Bay B. Our country is famous for many tourist attractions and friendly people. C. Not all visitors are well-informed about places of attraction. D. Tourism industry needs to work harder to boost the tourist destinations 104, Nam: "What are some of the benefits of going away on holiday Lan: A. Going away on holiday is getting more and more popular B_ Ecotourism brings a number of benefits to the local people. C. Iris always expensive if people go to a place of tourist attractions, D. We may broaden our horizons and experience new cultures 105. Lan: "Do youalways like to go to the same place for your holidat ‘Nam: * A Itis strange that some people go to the same place again and again B. Idon't think so. I always like to experience different places C. Preference for certain places is still common among a number of tourists. D. Different places have different attractions. Part V. READING Exercise 8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Ecotourism is booming and many tour operators say this is helpful to nature. Every year, millions of people visit protected (106) ___ areas to observe rare species. However, anew report casts doubt (107) __ this form of tourism. The repost, (108) ___ in the journal "Trends in Ecology and Evolution", suggests that ecotourism damages more than (109)__nature. Researchers believe tourists disrupt animals in their natural (110)____. They point toa recent (111) __ in Costa Rica where turtles had problems laying their eggs because of the many tourists who had gathered(112)___ the beach to watch them. The report says that ecotourism is (113) __ animals bolder. A human presence makes animals tamer and less (114)___about other animals. This could put them at (115) ___ of being attacked by their natural predators, so more of them will be killed. The report says that when animals interact with humans, "they may let (116)___ their guard”. The report also says it is essential, “to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how different species in different situations (117)___ to human visitation, and under what precise conditions human exposure might put them at risk" 106. A. nature B. natural C. natusally D. naturism, 107. A. about B. for C. with D. on 108. A publicized —B. publicizing C. published D. publishing 109. A. helps B. help C. helpful D. helpless 110. Ahabitable —_B. habitation C. habit D. habitat 111. A.even B. event C. eventful D. eventual 112. A. over Bia Con D.to 113A making —_B. changing C. adapting D. altering 114. A cautiously B. cautiousness C. caution D. cautious 115. A. chance Brisk C. work D. once 116. A. up Bin C. down D. on117. A. respond —_B. response C. responsive D. respondent Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Tourism will always have an impact on the places visited. Sometimes the impact is good. but often it is negative. For example, if lots of people visit one place, then this can damage the environment. The question 1s - how can we minimize the problems without preventing people from travelling and visiting places? The main aim of ecotourism is to reduce the uegative impact that tourism has on the environment and local people The idea is to encourage tourists to think about what they do when they visit a place It's great to talk about protecting the environment, but how do you actually do this? There are a number of key points. Tourists shouldn't drop litter, they should stay on the paths, they shouldn't interfere with wildlife and they should respect local customs and traditions Some people see ecotourism as a contradiction. They say that any tourism needs infrastructure - roads, airports and hotels, The more tourists that visit a place, the more of these are needed and, by building more of these, you can't avoid damaging the environment. But, of course, things aren't so black and white. Living in a place of natural beauty doesn't mean that you shouldn't benetit from things like better roads. As loag as the improvements benefit the local people and aot just the tourists, and the local communities are consulted on plans and changes, then is there really a problem? In 2002 the United Nations celebrated the "International Year of Ecotourism’. Over the past twenty years, more and more people have started taking eco-holidays. In countries such as Ecuador, Nepal, Costa Rica and Kenya, ecotonrism represents a significant proportion of the tourist industry 118. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A brief introduction about ecotourism B. Some Dos for ecotourists C. Some Don'ts for ecotourists D. Benefits and drawbacks of ecotoursim 119. In paragraph L, the word "it" refers to A. tourism B. envisonment C. impact D. damage 120, Accoriling to the passage, what does the ecotourism aim at? A. stopping ecotourism altogether B. seducing the tourism problems C. preventing tourists from travelling D. finding a new form of tourism 121. According to the passage. which of the following is not mentioned as an activity to protect the environment? A. not littering B. not interfering with wildlife C. respecting local customs and waditions D. not hunting animals for food 122. In paragraph 4, the word "avoid! is closest in meaning to___ A. present B. pretend C. prevent D. protest 123. Which of the following is TRUE about the author's opinion? A. Building extra infrastructuse in ecotourism areas must be prohibited. B, New infrastructure could be accepted as long as it also helps local people C. Tourists are consulted about the plans to build new infrastructure D. Governments are consulted about the plans to build new infrastructure, Exercise 10, Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Ecotourism is a unique way for travellers to engage in sustainable tourism while vacationing. Throughow the years, specific "Eco" organizations, including Eco-resorts, wurs, and Non-Governmental Organizations, have developed across the globe. This specific type of tourism is now increasingly becoming one of the more popular, with growth rates increasing every year. The United Nations, aware of the fact that tourism could be one of the most detrimental activities if not planned in accordance with the threshold imposed by nature, has declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism, to promote sustainable practices in this growing industry. Recently, The Division for Sustainable Development, Small Island Developing Stetes Unit, decided that in preparation for the International Day of Ecotourism, it would be beneficial to identify successful practices of ecotourism on small islands. In order for ecotourism to be categorized as successful, it must meet the following criteria: it must combine natural and cultusal tourism: it must involve local populations in the program, including providing educational resources to the local community; it must identity, manage, and conserve the natural and cultural environment, as well as the resources on the island, it must generatepractices that will lead to the futuse sustainability of the island. If these criteria are followed by an organization, it deserves to be recognized as successful In order to locate these cestain organizations, the SIDS Unit started a thoughtful internet search for ecotourism organizations. The focus was on four different categories: Eco-resorts and hotels. Eco-tours, Non-Govemmental Organizations involved in ecotourism, and Government Codes of Conduct and Guidelmes regarding ecotourism for travellers. Once an Internet-site that filled the criteria was located, further contact with the organizations was initiated, enabling us to obtain further information direct] the source. Many of the organizations were delighted to correspond with us and are eager to show all that their organization has achieved. The stories presented come from across the globe and very in success levels. While all of the organizations engage in practicing ecotourism, some focus in different areas than others. This is due to a various number of reasons, including the size of aa organization, length of time the organization has been in existence. amount of funding available, and economic/political situations occurring on the island. However. it is important to recognize that although some ecotourism organizations are more developed than others, the ultimate goal of sustainable development, conservation and education through ecotourism remains consistent. 124, What is the main idea of the passage? A. Ecotourism and its related issues B. Sustainable development C. Environment pollution and its causes —_D. Job opportunities for local people 5. In paragraph 1, the word "detrimental! is closest in meaning to___ A. constructive B. destmetive C. supportive D. beneficial 126. Why has the United Nations declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism? A. to raise people's awareness about ecotourism B. to encourage more people to experience ecotourism, C. to boost sustainable practices in ecotourism D. to stop ecotourism services completely 127. Inparagraph 2, the word "categorized" is closest in meaning to__. A. priontized B. typified C. examined D. classified 128. Accoriling to the passage, which of the following is NOT metioned as a criterion for successfull ecotourism? A. combination of natural and cultural tourism B. local populations’ involvement in the program C. conservation of the natural and cultural environment D. improvement in the infrastructure for more tourist attraction 129. In paragraph 3, the word “their” refers to A. organisctions' —_B. travellers! C. hotels! D. guidelines’ 130, Accoriling to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a season for the differences in organizations’ focuses? A. How big the organization is B. How long the organization has been in existence C. How much money is available to the organization. D. How much the organization is supported. Part VI. WRITING Exercise 11. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 131, Eco-tavellers have to prevent or mninimize any negative impacts on the environment A. Eco-travellers are not required to protect the envizonment B. Eco-travellers are encouraged not to have any negative impacts on the eavironment C. Iris eco-travellers' responsibility to prevent or minimize any negative impacts on the environment. D. Eco-travellers have never had any negative impacts on the environment 132. Our aim is to provide tourists with the principles of ecotourism throughout their trip. A. Tourists provide us with the principles of ecotourism throughout their tri. B. We aimat providing the principles of ecotourism for tourists throughout their trip. C. We provide ourselves with the principles of ecotourism through our trip D. We aced more information about the principles of ecotourism for ow trip fiom133. You should choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before you go. A. Yoware advised to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure B. You are obliged to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure C. You are required to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure D. Yow have to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure. 134, Itis necessary for you to educate yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles A. You don't have to educate yourself about the dectination you are visiting by reading and travel articles B. You area't required to educate yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles C. You should educate yourself about the destinstion you are visiting by travel articles. D. Youmay object to educating yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles 5. It is compulsery for the tourists to learn about the vital eco-systems before antiving uidebooks reading guidebooks and A. Tourists are free to leam about the vital eco-systems before arriving B. Iris optional for tourists to leam about the vital eco-systems before arriving C. Tourists are not required to leam about the vital eco-systems before arriving D. Tourists are required to lea about the vital eco-systems before arriving Exercise 12. Mark the letier A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 136, You can't remove any products from the nature. It is illegal. ‘A. You can't remove any products from the nature, so it is illegal. B, Because you caa't remove any products from the aature, it is illegal. C. You can't remove any products from the nature because itis illegal. D. You can't remove aay products from the nature unless it is illegal. 137. You should try to limit the use of natural resources. They are sunning out in many tourist destinations ‘A. You should try ‘o limit the use of natural resources unless they are ninning out in many tourist destinations B. Because you try to limit the use ofmatural resources, they are running out in many tourist destinations C. You should try to Limit the use of natural resources, so they are mnning out in many tourist destinations D. Natural resources are running out in many tourist destinations, so you should try to limit their use. 138. We don't allow the local people o hnnt endangered species for our consumption. They will become extinct sooner. A. We don't allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption, so they will become extinct sooner B. If we allowed the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption, they would become extinct sooner. C. We don't allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption unless they will become extinct sooner. D. They will become extinct sooner if we don't allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption. 139. You stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people. You will support local community. A. You will support local community if you stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people B. You will support local community unless you stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people.C. You stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people because you will support local community. D. You stay in locally owned accommodatioa and buy products from local people only if you will support local community. 140, Living areas are damaged or destroyed. They might not be available to future generations A. Living areas are damaged or destroyed because they might not be available to future generations. B, Living areas are damaged or destroyed, but they might be available to future destroyed C. Living areas might not be available to finture generations if they are damaged or destroyed D. Living areas might not be available to future generations unless they are damaged or destroyed.