PLUMBI

NG
HISTORY OF PLUMBING
 17th century – Walled city of Intramuros > Model community
 Illustrados – recognized plumbers
 Governor General Harrison – Proper disposal of waste

 1902 – Plumbing code was duly recognized

 John F. Hass – 1st Master Plumber

 1935 – NAMPAP was formed (National Master Plumber Association of the Philippines)
 City Ordinance 2411 – Plumbing code for city of Manila

 June 18, 1955 – RA 1378 – Plumbing Law of the Philippines (signed by Pres. Magsaysay)

 June 28, 1959 – Approved by Malacanang

 NAWASA – National Waterworks and Sewerage Authority

 Asbestos Cement pipe – 1st approved Plumbing Material

22 PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING
1. Supply of pure and wholesome water
2. Sufficient volume and adequate pressure of water supply
3. Minimum quantity of water
4. Well designed of heating and storing of water
5. Shall be connected to the sewer system.
6. One water closet and one kitchen sink must always provide.
7. Plumbing fixtures must be made of smooth and non-absorbent material.
8. Adequate cleanouts
9. NAMPAP approved material.
10. Water sealed traps required on each fixture
connected to drainage.
11. Circulation of air must be adequate.
12. Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air.
13. Plumbing system test to disclose all leaks.
14. Destructive objects shall not be allowed to
enter building drainage system.
15. Appliances shall be indirectly connected to
BDS.
16. Water closet shall be properly lighted and
ventilated.
17. If water closet is installed in building with no
sewer, septic tank required.
18. Back flow prevention
 19. Plumbing shall be maintained in serviceable
condition by RMP.
20. Plumbing Fixture shall be properly spaced.
21. Plumbing shall be installed by RMP regarding
strength of structure and prevent damage of walls.
22. Sewerage Treatment required since sewage
may be deleterious to surface.

TYPES OF PIPES
 ASBESTOS CEMENT PIPE – made of fibrous carcinogenic silicate material combined with
Portland cement
 Used as Soil, waste and downspout
 Pressure ACP
 Working pressure = 100 , 150 , and 200 psi
 Diameter = 3” to 13”
 Length = 3 to 4 meters (3”,4”6”) and 4 meters (8”)
 Joints = Rubber gasket and solvent cement

 CAST IRON PIPE – durable and conveniently use on 25 storeys and below
 Types:
 SV – For building
 XV – For underground and heavy duty
 Acid resistant Cast Iron Pipe – made of alloy of cast iron and silicon, for chemical and
acid waster

 BITUMINOUS FIBER SEWER PIPE

 Cheapest and light weight, mostly used in septic tanks.

 VITRIFIED CLAY TYPE

 Made from clay, usually 0.75 meters and installed mostly underground for sewer and
storm drain
 Brittle in nature, easily cracks when not laid on unstable base

 LEAD PIPE
 One of the oldest plumbing material
 Cannot be used on conveying potable water

 GALVANIZED IRON STEEL PIPE

 6 meters long with 15-20 years of life span
 Corroded by Alkaline and acid water

 GALVANIZED WROUGHT IRON PIPES

 Better than steel pipe for plumbing installation
 Resistant to acid waster than steel pipe

 BRASS PIPE – most expensive

 15% zinc, 85% copper

 COPPER PIPES
 Extremely corrosive; easiest to install.
 TYPES:
 K – green – heaviest, for underground installation
 L – blue – flexible and rigid type
 M – red – thinner and available in rigid form
 DWV – yellow
  PLASTIC/ SYNTHETIC PIPE
 RIGID TYPE:
 PVC – Polyvinyl Chloride
 CPVC – Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride
 UPVC – Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride
 PP – Polypropylene
 ABS – Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
 SR – Styrene rubber
 FLEXIBLE TYPE:
 PE – round – Polyethylene – up to 30 meters long
 PB – oval – Polybutylene – up to 150 meters long

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 1 (ADMINISTRATION)

 SECTION 100 – PERMIT
 Required – RMP (Registered Master Plumber)
 RA 1378 – Plumbing code
 Jurisdiction:
 DPWH
 DENR
 DOH
 City Mayors
 DILG
 Officers of the Building Official

 SECTION 101 – TO WHOM PERMITS MAY BE ISSUED

 RMP – holding a valid, unexpired and unrevoked certificate

 SECTION 102 – APPLICATION OF PERMIT

 Application – RMP and building owner
a. Plumbing work
b. Land – land registration and street address
c. Use or occupancy
d. Datas:
1. Plans
2. Drawings
3. Computation
4. Technical specs
5. Diagrams
e. Others
f. Signed of Owner and Permittee
g. Signed and sealed by RMP – Plan and specs ( 6 SETS )

 SECTION 103 – PERMIT AND ISSUANCE

 Approved by Administrative authority
 Retention of plans
 1 set – Admin
 2 set – Applicant/ Owner
 1 set – job site
 Validity of permit
 Expiration
 1 year – if plumbing work has not yet started from the day it was issued
 4 months – if it is not started from the day it was suspended
 Fees for renewal
 50% of the original fees.
  SECTION 104 – APPLICATION FOR EXISTING PLUMBING SYSTEM
 Addition, Alteration or Repairs
 Changed of Building Occupancy
 Maintenance
 All plumbing system
 Material
 Appurtenances
 Existing of New
 Moved buildings.

 SECTION 105 – INSPECTIONS

 General
 Administrative Plumbing personnel
 Plumbing Inspector
 Operation of Plumbing equipment – request of inspection should be at least 72hours
before
 Re-Inspection – Fee is required, No payment No Reinspection.

 SECTION 106 – CONNECTION APPROVAL

 Permanent connections – no person shall install in any water supply line
 Temporary connections

 SECTION 107 – SPECIAL PROVISIONS

 All RMP must have standard size and type of seal
 RMP at upper portion of the round seal
 RMP at the upper center
 Registration number at center below the name

 PH appearing at lower portion of round seal.

 SECTION 108 – PLUMBING FIXTURE REQUIRED

 All building shall provide sanitary facilities for PWD

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 2 (DEFINITIONS)

 GENERAL TERMS

 Plumbing – the art and technique of installing pipes and fixtures for bringing water
and discharging wastes.
 Roughing ins – installation of all piping and fitting parts if the system, which can be
completed prior to the installation of fixtures.
 Alley – any public place less than 3 meters but not less than 2 meters.

 INSTALLATION TERMS

 Alter – change, addition and modification.

 Existing work – portions of plumbing fixture which is installed and approved.
 Repair – reconstruction or renewal for maintenance.

 ACCESSIBILITY TERMS

 Accessible – removal of access panel

 Readily accessible – direct access without removal of any panel door
  Manhole – an large opening in sewer line of sufficient size for man to gain access.
 Cross connection – physical connection of pipes between two separate building water
supply lines.

 ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY
 Approved – accepted or acceptable.
 Approved Testing Agency – approve standards for testing
 Administrative Authority – authorized by the office of the president.
 Certified backflow Assembly tester – has the competence to test and maintain
backflow assemblies.
 Department Having Jurisdiction – Administrative Authority

 BUILDING COMPONENTS

 Building – structure built, erected and framed of component structural parts.

 Floor Area – area within a surrounding walls of a building
 Lot – single area of land legally recorded.
 Height of building – from grade line to the highest point of caping.
 Single Family Dwelling – only dwelling located in a parcel of land.
 Storey – upper surface of the floor next above
 Yard – open or unoccupied space.

 UTILITY SPACES

 Chase – a vertical shaft for installation of different pipe stacks.

 Court – unoccupied space bounded on 2 or more sides by the walls of building.
 Shaft – vertical opening through a building for elevators.
 Combustible construction – will ignite @756 degree Celsius
 Confined space – a space with a volume of less than 1.4 cu.m. and having 250kg
calorie of aggregate
 Unconfined space – volume at least equal to 1.4 cu.m.
 Labelled – equipment bearing a label of listing agency.
 Listing agency – agency accepted by AA
 Listed – equipment included in the list published by Listing agency
 Quality of Material – free from defects
 Master Plumber – a person with a knowledge and experience in plumbing
 Plumbing Firm – sole proprietorship/ corporation composed of RMP
 Mobile Home Park Sewer – measure 0.6 meters from the last mobile home site
 Nuisance – dangerous to human life
 Family – person living along or group living together
 Occupancy – purpose for which building is intended to
 Clarifier/Interceptor – separate or prevent the passage of oil, grease or sand.
 Grease Interceptor – a fixture up to 3 cu.m. capacity to serve 1 or more fixture
remotely
 Grease Trap – a receptacle to retain grease up to 1-4 fixtures
 Plumbing Appurtenances – serves as adjunct to the basic piping and plumbing fixtures.
 Ball cock – a valve open or close by the fall or rise of a ball floating on the surface of
water.
 Ball Joint – a connection in which is a ball shape end.
 Bibb – faucet, cock, tap or plug.
 Air Break – physical separation between a receptacle and an inlet pipe for drainage
 Air Gap – unobstructed vertical distance through free atmosphere between the lowest
opening of any pipe to the flood level rim of a fixture.
 Critical level – determines the minimum elevation above flood level rim of a fixture
 Flood level – the level in the fixture at which water begins to overflow rim of a
fixture.
  Floor level rim – top edge of the receptacle.
 Flooded – when liquid rises to the flood level rim.
 Effective opening – minimum cross sectional area for which the water flows thru
diameter of a circle.
 Plumbing fixtures – a receptacle which water or wastes may be collected or retained
for ultimate discharge into the plumbing system.
 Fixture – a receptacle attached to a plumbing fixture.
 Bathroom – equipped with a shower stall.
 Fixture unit – flow rate of 1 cu.ft. of water per minute
 7.5 gallons of water/ minute
 28.3 liters of water/ minute
 Bidet – washing the middle part of the body.
 Latrine – a water closet with continuous trough containing water.
 Lavatory – a wash basin.
 Battery of fixture – two or more similar adjacent fixtures with discharge to a
common horizontal or soil branch
 Swimming pool – a water receptacle used for swimming.
 Plumbing unit – minimum standard quantity of plumbing fixtures

 1 water closet  1 water meter

 1 kitchen sink  1 laundry tray
 1 shower head  3 floor drains
 1 lavatory  4 hose bibbs

 WATER SOURCE, STORAGE AND SUPPLY

 Ground water – passing through the ground

 Surface water – runs off over the surface of the ground
 Potable water – satisfactory for drinking, culinary and domestic purposes.
 Pressure – the normal force exerted by a homogenous liquid or gas.
 TYPES:
 Static pressure – at rest
 Residual pressure – due to friction loss, head loss, meter loss
 Contamination – high hazard, impairment of the quality of the potable water
 High hazard – contamination
 Low hazard – pollution
 Main – principal artery of system which branch is connected to
 Service pipe – pipe from the street water main, source of water supply to the building
served.
 Water distributing pipe – conveys potable water from the building supply pipe to the
plumbing fixtures.
 Fixture branch – supply pipe between the fixture and the water distributing pipe from
the street water main, source of water supply.
 Fixture supply – water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch.
 Riser – a water supply pipe that extends vertically one full storey or more.
 Faucet – a fixture where water can be drawn from.
 Spigot – the end of a pipe which fits into the bell.

 PIPES AND FITTINGS

 Pipe – denoted by its interior diameter
 Length of pipe – the length as measured along its center
 Invert – lowest portion of the inside of any pipe
 Horizontal pipe – forms an angle of not more than 45 degrees with the horizontal.
 Vertical pipe - forms an angle of not more than 45 degrees with the vertical.
 Soil stack pipe – vertical soil pipe conveying fecal matter and waste bwater.
 Waste Pipe – a pipe which conveys liquid waste, free from fecal water.
 Grade/ Pitch – the slope of a line in reference to the horizontal plane.
 Hangers/ Supports – devices for holding pipe and fixtures
 IPS – Iron pipe size
 Diameter
 Nominal internal diameter – pipe
 Nominal outside diameter – tube
 Tube – denoted by its outside diameter
 ABS – Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
 PB – Polybutelene (black oval)
 PE – Polyethylene (round)
 PVC – Polyvinyl chloride
 Blue – water
 Gray, orange and brown – waste
 Bell/Hub – enlarged to receive the end another pipe for making a joint
 Hubless pipe – cast iron soil pipe with plain ends connected with bolted stainless steel
bar and neoprene gaskets
 Bending pin – a tool used for straightening or bending lead pipe
 Blank Flange – not drilled for bolt holes
 Blind Flange – used to close the end of a pipes.
 Cap – a fitting which purpose is closing the end of pipe.
 Double bend fitting – a pipe fitting shaped like ‘S’
 Double offset – two offsets in succession.
 Offsets – combination of elbows and bends which brings one section of the pipe out of
line parallel with the original section
 Ferrule – a metallic sleeve, caulked to an opening in a pipe to which a plug is screwed
for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe.
 Dead End – extended portion of the pipe that is closed at one end.
 Durham system – soil or waste system where all piping is threaded pipe, tubing, rigid
construction using drainage fittings.
 Sovent system – plumbing system which use aerator and de-aerator.
 Imhoff tank – a two storey septic tank.
 Return bend – composed of two 90 degrees bend, or 180 degrees bend for copper
tubing.
 Tail piece – a pipe which connects the outlet of a fixture to its trap.
 Tapped tee – a tee with a branch tapped to receive a threaded fitting.
  Wye – hose connection with two-gated outlets permitting 2 connections of the same
or smaller coupling diameter to be taken on single supply line.
 Lateral – Secondary pipeline
 Branch Interval – not less than 8’ or 2.43 meters within the horizontal branches from
one floor are connected to the stack.
 Fixture branch – a pipe which connects the fixture supply to the main water
distributing pipe.
 Horizontal branch – a branch drain extending laterally from a soil or waste stack with
or without sections or branches.

 PIPE JOINTS

 Brazed joint – not les than 449 degrees Celsius but less than the melting point of the
materials joined.
 Caulking – plugging an opening with a hemp or oakum and lead.
 Oakum – hemp or old hemp soaked in oil or tar to make it waterproof.
 Slip joint – a joint which consists of a compression joint, compression washer and
friction ring designed to fit a threader adapter.
 Soldered joint – not less than 149 degrees Celsius but less than 427 degrees.
 Welded/ Seam joint – joining metal parts in a plastic molten state.
 Drainage system – drainage pipe which conveys waste water from the fixture to the
sewer.
 Drain – a sewer, pipe, or conduit conveying ground, surface, storm, waste water and
sewage.
 Fixture drain – drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of drain.
 Building drain – part of the lowest horizontal piping of the drainage system 0.6
meters outside the building wall. Carries waste discharge to the building sewer.
 Building sewer – starts at the end of building drain. Receives discharge from building
drain to public sewer.
 Primary branch – single sloping drain from the base of the stack to its junction with
the building drain or with another branch.
 Secondary branch – any branch in the building drain other than the primary.
 Building subdrain – portion of underground system, cannot be drain by gravity.
 Subsoil drain – underground pipe which receives only subsurface/ seepage water.
 Sump – approved tank or pit which receives sewage located below normal grade.
 Backflow – flow of water supply system from any source rather than main source.
 Backflow connection – arrangement where backflow can occur.
 Back pressure back flow – occurs due to an increased reverse pressure above the
supply pressure.
 Backwater valve – valve installed in drainage to prevent reverse flow.
 Backflow preventer – device to prevent flow of liquid from returning to the source.
 Back-siphonage – flowing back of used, contaminated and polluted water from
fixture to water supply.
 Backvent pipe – connects directly with individual trap to the main vent.
 Blow-off – a controlled outlet to discharge liquid.
 Boiler blow-off – valved outlet of a boiler that permits discharged of accumulated
sediment.

 VALVES
  Check valve – automatically closes to prevent water in reverse direction. Used when
it is desired that the flow through pipe be always in one direction.
 Gate valve – valve in which the flow of water is cut-off by means of circular disk. The
disk is raised or lowered by threaded stem connected to the handle.
 Globe valve – valve in which the flow of water is cut-off by means of a disk that fit
against the valve seat. The movement of plane of disc is parallel to the normal
direction of flow.
 Corporation cock – stop valve placed at the connection of the water service pipe to
the water main.

 REGULATING EQUIPMENT

 Flush tank – for flushing removing excrements in the fixture.

 Flush valve – device located at the bottom of tank for flushing water closet.
 Flushometer tank – an accumulated vessel to discharge pre-determine quantity of
water for flushing purposed.
 Flushometer valve – device, which discharges a pre-determined quantity of water for
flushing purposes actuated by direct water pressure.

 VENT

 Individual vent/ Revent pipe – connects directly with and individual trap and
extends to the branch, main, soil, waste or any higher than the fixture.
 Branch vent – horizontal vent pipe connecting the drainage system to vent stack.
 Group vent – branch vent that performs its function for two or more traps.
 Circuit vent – group vent extending in front of the last fixture to the vent stack.
 Local vent – a pipe or shaft serving to convey foul air to the outer air.
 Vent pipe – a pipe ensuring the circulation of air.
 Vent system – pipes installed for ensuring the circulation of air for the drainage
system.
 Vent stack/ Main vent – principal artery of the venting system.
 Stack vent – extension of a soil or waste stack above the horizontal drain connected
to the stack.
 Common/ Unit/ Dual vent – vent serving two traps on the same level.
 Dry vent – vent pipe that does not carry liquid waste.
 Wet vent – vent pipe that carries liquid or water borne waste.
 Relief vent – provides circulation of air between the drainage and vent system.
 Yoke vent – a vent connecting soil or waste stack below the floor to an adjacent bend
stack minimum of 1 meter above the highest flood level rim of the fixture.

 OTHER TERMS

 Siphonage – pressure less than atmospheric pressure. A suction created by the flow
of liquids.
 Vacuum breaker – backflow preventer.
 Sewerage – construction, collection, transportation, pumping treatment and final
disposition of sewage.
 Combination Waste and Vent system – a specially designed system of waste piping
horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks pre floor and drains by common horizontal
waste and vent pipe.
 Continuous waste – drain connecting the compartments of a set of fixtures to a trap.
 Water treatment – device which treats water supply to improve water quality.
 Sewage – any waste water containing animal or vegetable matter in a suspension or
solution.
 Domestic sewage – liquid/water borne free from the industrial waste discharged into
the public sewer.
 Sanitary sewer – receive sanitary sewage with/out pre-treated industrial wastes.
 Main Sewer – a common sewer controlled by Administrative Authority
 Sewer – a pipe/ conduit for conveying sewage.
 Industrial waste – all liquid or water-borne waste from industrial processes.
 Liquid waste – discharge of any fixture, which do not have fecal matter.
 Private sewage disposal system – septic tank with the effluent discharging into a
subsurface disposal field and seepage pit.
 Cesspool – a pit for retention or detention of seepage which is not watertight and
permit the liquid to seep through its bottom and sides.
 Leaching cesspool – a cesspool that is not watertight.
 Seepage pit – loosely lined excavation in the ground which receives discharge from
septic tank.
 Privy – outhouse structure used in disposition of excrement.
 Privy vault – a pit beneath a privy in which excrements collect.
 Septic Tank – a watertight receptacle which receives the discharge of a plumbing
system.
 Drainage system – drainage pipe of a plumbing system which take the wastewater
from the building and deliver it to the sewer.
 Indirect waste pipe – a waste pipe which that does not connected directly to the
building drainage.
 Receptor – approved plumbing fixture to receive discharge from indirect waste pipes.
 Special waste – wastes that requires special methods of handling.
 Seal – vertical distance or water between the dip and the crown weir of a trap.
 Trap – a fitting/ device constructed to prevent the passage of air and gas.
 Trap arm – distance between the trap and the vent stack.
 Trap seal/Water seal – maximum vertical depth of liquid that a trap will retain.
 Catch basin – a receptacle in which liquids are retained to deposit settleable
materials.
 Downspout – vertical portion of a rainwater conductor.
 Leader/ Conductor – pipe connected to the building gutter to downspout.
 House storm sewer – pipeline from the building to the public storm sewer.
 Flashing – a piece of sheet metal fitted under another piece of flat metal over which is
expected to flow.
 Storm water – portion of a rainfall or other precipitation which is over the surface.
  Developed length – length of pipe along its centerline and fittings.
 Gooseneck – a return bend of small-sized pipe, one end is 30cm long and other is
7.5cm long. Used as a faucet for pantry sink.
 Insanitary – condition contrary to sanitary principles.
 Siamese connection – a hose fitting with clapper valves for combining the flow from
2 or more lines of hose.
 Shielded coupling – approved elastomeric sealing gasket with outer shield.
 Standpipe – vertical pipe into which water is pumped to give it a head.
 TYPES:
 Wet standpipe – water pressure is always maintained.
 Automatic Standpipe System – operates automatically by opening hose valve
 Manually-operated standpipe system – remote control device at each hose
station.
 Dry stand pipe – having no permanent water inside the pipe.

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 3 (GENERAL REGULATIONS)

 SECTION 301 – DISPOSAL OF WASTE WATER

 Disposal of waste on any place is prohibited.

 SECTION 302 – GRADE OF HORIZONTAL DRAINAGE PIPING

 Slope (20 mm per meter or 2%) – less than 102 mm diameter
 Exceptions:
 Excessive depth of the proposed drainage line
 Structural/geological features of terrain
 Existing adverse in arrangement of building or structures
 Slope (10 mm per meter or 1%) – more than 102mm

 SECTION 303 – CHANGES IN DIRECTION OF DRAINAGE FLOW

 303.1 – Change of direction shall be made by 1/16 bend (22.5 degrees), 1/8 bend (45
degrees) and 1/6 bend (60 degrees)
 303.2 – HORIZONTAL TO VERTICAL
 45 or 60 wye branch
 Wye and 1/8 bend
 Sanitary tee
 Double sanitary tee
 303.3 – HORIZONTAL TO HORIZONTAL
 45 wye branch
 Combination of wye and 1/8 bend
 303.4 – VERTICAL TO HORIZONTAL
 45 bend
 Long sweep 60 bend
 Offset
 Combination of wye and 1/8 bend

 SECTION 304 – CONNECTIONS TO PIPING SYSTEMS REQUIRED

  All plumbing fixtures must connected properly to the drainage system.

 SECTION 305 – SEWER REQUIRED

 305.1 – mandatory building sewer connection to public sewer
 305.2 – provision of septic tank, when public sewer is not available (62 meters
distance from public sewer)

 SECTION 306 – DAMAGE TO DRAINAGE OR SEWER SYSTEM

 Deposit of any person that could damage the system is prohibited.
 Rain water for storm sewer.
 Soil and waste pipe for public or sanitary sewer.
 Note:
 Septic tank for house (watertight)
 STP for condominium

 SECTION 307 – INDUSTRIAL WASTE

 Industrial waste
 Shall be treated.
 Shall not be discharged into ground or any waterway.
 SECTION 308 – LOCATION
 No plumbing system located on another lots other than the lot of the building served.

 SECTION 309 – IMPROPER LOCATION

 Not located to interfere with the normal operation.

 SECTION 310 – WORKMANSHIP

 Accepted Engineering practices
 Do not conceal cracks or holes and imperfections
 Burped end of all pipes and tubing shall be “REAMED”

 SECTION 311 – PROHIBITED FITTINGS AND PRACTICES

 Prohibited fittings – venting
 Double hub
 Single or Double tee branch
 Single or Double tapped tee branch
 Side inlet quarter bend
 Running thread
 Band or Saddle
 Jointing of hubless pipes – neoprene gasket
 No drainage or vent – drilled and tapped.
 No cast iron soil pipe – threaded
 No waste connection shall be made to a closet bend or stub of a water closet.
 No vent pipe shall be used as soil/waste pipe.
 No single drainage and venting system that has no vent.
 No piping connections that retards/obstructs flow of air, water and sewage.
 Enlargement of closet bend or stub from 72mm to 102mm diameter shall not be
considered as obstruction.
 Gate and check valves should have an accessible connection.
 Valves, pipes and fittings shall be installed related to the direction of flow.
 SECTION 312 – INDEPENDENT SYSTEM
 Provision of independent connection with a private or public sewer.

 SECTION 313 – REPAIRS AND ALTERATIONS

 Notification of the owner to the admin whenever there are necessary changes to
conform.
 All openings in drainage and vent systems shall be permanently capped or plugged.

 SECTION 314 – PROTECTION OF PIPING, MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES

 Piping should be protected from breakage by embedded metal pipe sleeves.
 Pipe protection for external corrosion by polyethylene sheath.
 Void between pipe and sleeves shall be sealed with bitumen.
 No pipe shall be directly embedded in concrete and masonry.
 No structural member shall be weakened.
 Trenches deeper than footing and parallel to it must be 45 degrees. (zone of effluence
line)
 Building sewer installation should be between 0.3 m to 0.6 m below the finish ground
surface.
 Pipe protection subjected to undue corrosion, erosion or mechanical damage.
 Inside lining
 Outside coating
 Proper bedding
 Top shielding with concrete blocks.

 SECTION 315 – HANGERS AND SUPPORTS

 VERTICAL PIPING
 Types: SUPPORTS
 Cast iron pipe – every storey
 Screwed pipe – at every other storey height
 Copper tubing – 3 meters on centers every storey
 Lead pipe – 1.2 meters with vertical backup
 Plastic pipe – 1.0 meter interval
 HORIZONTAL PIPING:
 Types: SUPPORTS
 Supports at sufficient intervals to keep them in alignment and prevent sagging
 Cast iron soil pipes
 Where joint occurs 1.5 meters
 Where pipe exceeding 1.5 meters length 3 meters
 Supports at 0.45 meters for hub or joint
 Hubless or compression every other joint
 When developed length exceeds 1.2m each joint
 Each horizontal branch connections
 Suspended lines
 Screwed pipe
 19mm or smaller 3 meters
 25mm and larger 3.6 meters
 Copper tubing
 38mm and smaller 1.8 meters
 51mm and larger 3 meters
 Lead pipe entire length
  Piping in the ground firm bed for entire length
concrete cradle support
 Plastic tube
 38mm and smaller stiff metal or wood
backing
 51mm and larger – metal hangers
 Hangers and Anchors – sufficient strength
 Piping shall be adequately anchored and supported.

 SECTION 316 – TRENCHING, EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL

 Tunnels shall have a clear height of 0.60 meters above the pipe.
 Minimum length – ½ depth of the trench
 Maximum length – 2.4 meters
 When driven, drive pipe is at least one pipe larger size than the pipe to be laid.
 Open trenches – shall be backfilled in the layers 0.3 meters above the top of the pipe.

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 4 (PLUMBING FIXTURES)

 SECTION 401 – MATERIALS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

 Quality of fixtures
 Should be dense, durable and non-absorbent
 Should also have smooth and impervious surfaces.
 Porcelain enamel surfaces – acid resistant
 Water closet (public) – elongated type

 SECTION 402 – MATERIALS – ALTERNATIVES

 Special use fixture – soapstone, chemical stoneware lined with lead, copper base alloy,
nicker copper alloy and corrosion resisting steel.
 Restaurant kitchen sinks – GI #16 B&S or 16mm thick.

 SECTION 403 – OVERFLOWS

 Overflow outlet waste – arranged so that the standing water inside the fixture cannot
rise inside the overflow way.
 Overflow pipe – shall be connected to the inlet side of the trap.
 Water closet or urinal flush – shall discharge into the bowl served.

 SECTION 404 – STRAINERS AND CONNECTIONS

 Strainers – sum of all the areas of the perforations of the strainer is equal to the
equivalent outlet area.
 Connections – slip joint > access panel or utility atleast 0.3 meters
 Seamless drawn brass not less than G.I. #20 B&S or 0.8mm thick
 Tailpiece, continuous waste or overflow shall
  Not less than 38mm O.D. Sinks, Dishwashers, Laundry, Tubs, Bathtubs
and urinals
 Not less than 32mm O.D. Lavatories and drinking fountains
 NOTE: Brass or Copper shall not be used for Urinal Tailpiece or Trap.

 SECTION 405 – PROHIBITED FIXTURES

 Water closet (prohibited)
 Invisible seals, unventilated space and having walls which are not thoroughly
washed at each discharge.
 Drinking Fountain – shall not be installed on public toilet rooms.
 Fixed wooden, concrete, tile, wash trays or sinks – shall not be installed on buildings
for human habitation.

 SECTION 406 – SPECIAL FIXTURES AND SPECIALTIES

 Water connections on all special fixtures shall be protected from back siphonage.
 Waste water drain for “SACRARIUM” shall be discharge direct to the ground.
 SACRARIUM length – 346mm
Width – 286 mm
Height – 152 mm
 Approved by AA.

 SECTION 407 – INSTALLATION

 Cleaning – 0.3 meters – distance of water closet to wall for easy access on repair and
cleaning.
 Joints – joints between fixture and wall shall be watertight.
 Screwing fixtures – screws and expansion bolts should be corrosion resistant
 Wall hung fixtures – shall be supported by metal supporting members.
 Setting Wall Fixtures
 Urinal 0.30 m 0.60 m min.
 Water closet 0.375 m 0.75 m min.
 Supply fittings – shall be installed to prevent backflow.

 SECTION 408 – URINALS

 Automatic Flashing Tanks – for flashing more than 1 urinals.
 Flushometer valves – manually controlled flushometer valve shall be used for flushing
1 urinal only.

 SECTION 409 – FLOOR DRAINS AND SHOWER STALLS

 Floor drain – considered plumbing fixtures
 Shower receptors – must be made of vitrified china or earthernware, ceramic tile,
porcelain-enameled metal.
 Shower receptor of an approved type to have a DAM, CURB and THRESHOLD which is
25.4mm (1”) lower than outside floor.
 Dam or Threshold
 Depth 51 mm to 228 mm (2” to 9”)
 Slope 2% to 4%
 Width 559 mm wide door (minimum)
NOTE: The minimum distance between the door or entry to the drain opening is
1.2 meters.
 Shower compartments
 Area 0.6 sq.m. minimum
  Encompassing circle 762mm diameter
 Height 1.78 meters minimum
 Floors of public rooms – shall be non skid surface
 Gutters in public or gang showers shall have pounded corners and a slope of 2%
towards the drain.
 Drain in gutters shall be spaced not more than 4.9 meters.
 Maximum temperature of hot water – 48.48 degrees Celsius
 Lead and copper sub pan linings
 Materials 6 kg of asphalt felt
 Unit weight not less than 19.6 kg/cu.m.
 Thickness of copper Gauge 24 B&S or 0.5mm thick
 Joints
 Lead pans burned
 Copper pans soldered/brazed

 SECTION 410 – PLUMBING FIXTURE REQUIRED

 As prescribed by NPC.

 SECTION 411 – WHIRLPOOL BATHTUB

 Requirements
 Removable panel for access to the pump
 Circulation pump location should be above the crown weir.
 Pump and circulation piping shall be self draining.
 Suction fitting should approved on the listed standards.

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 5 (INSPECTION AND TEST)

 SECTION 501 – INSPECTION AND TESTING

 Scope – in accordance to the approved plans and specifications.
 Advance notice – 3 days before the work is inspected.
 Responsibility – permit holder will provide all testing needs.
 Retesting – corrections shall be made and will submit another test for inspection.
 Test – with the presence of the administrative authority.
 Corrections – possible corrections will be written byy the AA and will be given to the
permit holder.
 Approval – certificate of approval will be given after completion and final test.
 Covering or use – no system shall be covered prior to approval of the admin.
 Uncovering – uncovered all covered plumbing prior to inspection and testing.

 SECTION 501.2 – TESTING

 Testing – Use of Air and Water
 Water test – applied in drainage and vents in its entirety. All openings shall be closed
or plugged except the highest opening and shall be tested not less than 3 meter head
of water and will be kept at least 15 minutes.
 NOTE: The system shall be tight at all joints.
 Air test – attaching an air compressor testing apparatus
 Air is force to a uniform gauge pressure of 34.5 kPA or an equivalent 254mm in
mercury height for a period of 15 minutes.
  NOTE:
 Air test 34.5 Kpa
 Water test 344.5 Kpa
 Building sewer test – shall be water tight at all points.
 Water piping – a 344.5 kPA of air pressure can be substituted for water test for a
period of 15 minutes.
 Defective systems – air test shall be used in testing the tightness condition of the
drainage and plumbing system.
 Moved structures – in case there is movement of prescribed work, it shall undergo a
new test.
 Protectively coated pipe
 Test for shower receptors
 Shall be tested for tightness by filling the water to the level of the threshold.

 SECTION 502 – MAINTENANCE

 Maintaining the plumbing system in a safe sanitary condition.

 SECTION 503 – EXISTING CONSTRUCTION

 No change in any portion of plumbing system when it was installed and maintained
already.

 SECTION 504 – HEALTH AND SAFETY

 To eliminate nuisance.

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 6 (WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION)

 SECTION 601 – RUNNING WATER REQUIRED

 Adequate supply of potable water
 NOTE:
 Left side hot water
 Right side cold water

 SECTION 602 – UNLAWFUL CONNECTIONS

 NO possible connection for entering unused, unclean, polluted or contaminated water,
mixtures or substance to entire such piping.
 Provision of approved backflow prevention device.
 Approved by AA.

 SECTION 603 – CROSS CONNECTION CONTROL

 Backflow Prevention Device Assembly
 Air gap – unobstructed vertical distance thru atmosphere between the lowest
opening to the flood rim level of any fixture. (for potable water)
 Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker
 1 body
 1 checking member
 1 atmospheric opening
 Double check valve backflow prevention
  2 check valves
 4 stop cocks
 2 gate valves
 Pressure vacuum breaker
 1 air inlet valve
 1 check valve
 2 stop cocks
 2 gate valves
 Reduced Pressure backflow prevention
 2 check valves
 1 pressure relief valve
 4 stop cocks
 2 gate valve
 General requirements
 Must have a backflow prevention assembly tested by a certified Backflow Assembly
Tester at least once a year.
 Access and clearance 305mm (min.) bet. assembly and grade floor
 Installations above 1.52 meters requires platform
 Minimum air gap for potable water 25mm or 1”
 Connection may be made to the inlet side of a trap provided an approved AVB
installed MORE THAN 152 mm above the flood level rim of the fixture.
 Backflow prevention for hot water of 43.3 degrees Celsius or higher shall be an
approved listed type.
 Specific requirement
 Water closet and urinal (Flushometer valves)
 AVB critical level at least 152mm
 Water closet and Urinal (Ball cock)
 Critical level at least 25 mm above the full opening of the overflow pipe.
 Water closet Flushometer tanks
 Shall be protected against backflow.
 Potable water shall be separated from the fluids and gases by a minimum of two
separate walls with a positive vented leak detection path.
 Inlets to tanks, vat, sumps, swimming pools, and receptors
 Shall be protected by an approved AVB with a critical level of more than
152mm.
 Lawn sprinkling system shall be equipped with AVB installed on the discharge side
of each of the last shut off valve.
 Potable water outlets – AVB shall at least 152 mm above the ground.
 Water cooled equipment – water cooled compressors; degreasers shall be equipped
with backflow preventer.
 Water inlets to water supplied aspirators – AVB mounted at least 152 mm above
the aspirator unit.
 Potable water, potable water for carbonators
 Shall be protected by backflow prevention.
 No backflow preventers shall not be in any area containing fumes that are toxic,
poisonous and corrosive.

 SECTION 604 – MATERIALS

  Water pressure pipes – brass, copper, centrifugal cast iron, B&S and F&F ends, ductile
cast iron, galvanized wrought iron, galvanized steel, PE and PVC.
 Hot and cold water distribution system – Cpvc WATER PIPE AND TUBING.
 Cast iron fittings – when 2” or smaller when in used in potable water piping shall be
galvanized.
 NOTE: Water pipes and fittings with a lead content that exceed 8% shall be
prohibited and not used in potable piping system.

 SECTION 605 – VALVES

 Materials
 51mm or smaller Brass
 Over 51mm Cast iron or Brass bodies
 Shall be on a full way type with working parts on non-corrosive materials.
 Shut off valve
 Shall be always accessible.
 Shall be installed near the tank or on discharge piping from water supply tanks.
 Shall be installed on dwelling occupied by more than family.
 Each apartment – 1 shut off valve
 Each fixture – individual shutoff valve
 GATE VALVE > WATER METER > CHECK VALVE
 Full way gate valve – used to control 2 or more openings.

 SECTION 606 – GRAVITY SUPPLY TANKS

 Elevated or gravity storage tanks shall be covered.
 The cover of tank shall be vented with a return bend – vent pipe having the same area
of the downfeed riser pipe.
 It shall be screened with a fine corrosion resistant screen with opening not less than
14 nor more than 18 mess per 25mm.
 Control for potable inlets for Gravity tanks to prevent overflowing:
 Float valve
 Float switch
 Electrode type water level control
 Gravity tank shall be provided with valve drain pipe and overflow pipe screened

 SECTION 607 – WATER PRESSURE, PRESSURE REGULATOR and PRESSURE

RELIEF VALVES
 Inadequate water pressure
 Main source of water supply – 103 kPA
 If not provided, a hydro pneumatic pressure tank or an elevated tank and booster
pump will be used.
 Excessive water pressure
 When pressure exceeds 551 kPa, a pressure regulator is used.
 Approved regulators with integral bypasses are acceptable.
 All pipe size determination shall be based on 80% of the reduced pressure.
 Pressure regulating device
 Storage water heating equipment shall have a pressure relief valve.
 Exceptions: having an inside diameter of less than 76mm.
 NOTE: Each PRV shall be an approved automatic type with drain and each such
relief valve shall be set at pressure less than 1033 kPa
  End of the pipe should be 152mm to 0.60 m above the ground and pointing
downward, and it shall not be threaded or capped.

 SECTION 608 – INSTALLATION, INSPECTION AND TESTING

 Installation
 Burred end shall be reamed.
 All water piping shall be atleast 0.30m below the ground.
 Bottom of all water pipe shall be at least 0.30m above the sewer line.
 Minimum clear horizontal distance between the shelf and drain shall be atleast 0.30
m.
 Water pipes made of clay shall be laid a minimum of 0.30m above the sewer line.
 Ferrous piping – shall have an outside protective coating (field bitumastic)
 Plastic pipes and tubes – need not to be wrapped for rust proofing.
 NOTE:
 Copper tubing
 Joints Brazed
 Fittings Wrought copper
 Bitumastic coating External protection
 Fiberglass wrapping External protection
 Split rigid casing Underground
 Inspection – shall not be concealed or covered when tested.
 Testing – shall be tested and approved.
 Unions – installed within 0.3 meters away from regulating equipment, water heater,
conditioning equipment which require removal.

 SECTION 609 – SIZES OF POTABLE WATER PIPING

 Water meter and immediate piping – based on total water demand.
 Backflow prevention device – shall be included in pressure calculation loss.
 Maximum rated flow and pressure loss – shall be stamped legibly on device.
 NOTE: The quantity of water required to be supplied to every plumbing fixture shall be
represented by FIXTURE UNITS.
 Water piping installation
 Sizing
 Total number of fixture units
 Developed length of supply pipe from water meter to the most remote outlet.
 Difference in elevation between water meter to the highest fixture.
 Water pressure in the street main.
 Minimum pressure available.
 Size of water meter and building supply pipe
 NOTE: Water service pipe = ¾ inch diameter (minimum)
 1 psi = 6.895 kPa
 Size of branches – designed by taking the total length of the supply piping from the
source of cold water to water heater to the most remote hot water outlet and
assessing the flow values of 75% of the cold and hot water demand.
 Water conservation
 Piping installed in fire resistive protection.
 Hanger and supports
 Abrasion – hangers and straps shall be not compress, distort, cur or abrade the
piping and allow free movement of pipe.
 Supports
  End of branches and change of direction 4ft or 1.219meters
 Allows free movement but restrict upward movement of lateral runs to avoid
reverse grade.
 Vertical piping each storey
 Alignment of vertical piping mid storey guide
 Trap arms in excess of 3ft
 Closet rings fastened with fasteners ¼” above the floor
 SECTION 614 – THRUST BLOCKING
 Installation
 Changes of direction tees an bends
 Change in sizes reducers
 Stops dead ends
 Valves
 Thrust block sizes will be based on
 Maximum line pressure
 Pipe size
 Kind of soil

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 7 (EXCRETA DRAINAGE SYSTEM)

 SECTION 701 – MATERIAL

 Materials
 Cast iron
 Ductile iron
 Galvanized steel
 Lead
 Copper
 Brass
 Series 100 PVC – DWV
 Extra strength vitrified clay pipe
 NOTE:
 No galvanized wrought iron or galvanized steel pipe shall be used underground, it
shall be laid 6 in. above the ground.
 ABS and PVC DWV piping – used in high rise buildings
 No vitrified clay pipe for building drain or sewer, shall be used above the ground or
when pipe is pressurized by pump or ejector and shall be laid at least 0.30 meter
the ground level.
 Drainage fittings shall be the same diameter as the pipes it serve and compatible
with it.
 Fittings on screwed pipe joints shall be recessed drainage type
 Burred ends shall be reamed.
 Threads of drainage fitting shall be tapped to allow 2% or 20mm/m slope (8 threads)

 SECTION 702 – FIXTURE UNIT EQUIVALENT

 Maximum trap loading (see Table 7-1)
 Size of drainage piping – the minimum size of vert and hori drainage pipings will base
on the total fixture units connected thereto.
 For continuous flow,
 2 F.U. shall allowed for 0.063 L/S of flow
 0.063 L/S = 1 gal/minute
 SECTION 704 – FIXTURE CONNECTIONS
 2 Fixtures set side by side or back to back within the distance allowed by a trap and its
vent, may be served by a SINGLE VERTICAL DRAINAGE PIPE.

 SECTION 705 – CHANGES IN THE DIRECTION OF FLOW

 Change of direction for drainage
 1/16 bend or 22.5 degrees
 1/8 bend or 45 degrees
 1/6 bend
 Horizontal to vertical
 45 or 60 degree wye
 Double sanitary tee – may be used when the barrel of the fitting is st least 2 pipe
size larger than the largest inlet.
 Horizontal drainage lines
 Connecting to horizontal drainage line shall connect to a 45 degrees wye branch,
combination of wye and 1/8 bend
 Vertical drainage lines
 45 or 60 degree branch
 Offsets

 SECTION 706 – CLEAN OUTS

 Provision of horizontal drainage pipe shall be provided with a clean out at its upper
material.
 15 meter length – maximum distance
 See table 7-4
 Exceptions:
 CO may be omitted when horizontal drain line is less than 1.5 m unless serving a
sink or urinal.
 CO may be omitted on a short horizontal drainage pipe installed at a slope of 72
degrees or less from the vertical line (1/5 bend)
 An approved two way CO fitting can be installed between building sewer.
 Additional CO provision exceeding 135 degree of offset angle of direction.
 Each CO shall be installed that it opens on the direction of flow or at right angles
there to.
 Each CO extension shall be considered as drainage and 90 degrees CO extension
shall be extended from a wye branch.
 CO shall be outside the interceptor.
 CO installed with cover plate shall above the grade.
 CO installed on 2” piping or less shall have a clearance of 1ft in front of CO.

 PIPING CLEARANCE
 2” or less 1 ft
 Larger than 2” 450mm
 Underground piping 450mm vert and 750mm hori
 No underfloor CO shall be located more than 6.1 meters from any access.
 CO fittings shall be more than in size in Table 7.6.
 CO shall be provided for pressure drainage systems.
 Countersink CO shall not be installed to be a hazard.
 When a hubless pipe plugs is used for CO, the coupling and plug shall be accessible.

 SECTION 707 – GRADE OR HORIZONTAL EXCRETA DRAINAGE PIPING

 Standard slope of pipe drains – 2%
 NOTE: if it is impractical due to the depth or length of pipe to obtain 2%, 4 in. pipe
diameter or larger can have a slope of ≥1%.

 SECTION 708 – GRAVITY DRAINAGE REQUIRED

  All plumbing fixture shall be drained into the public or private sewage disposal system
by gravity.

 SECTION 709 – DRAINAGE OF FIXTURES

 Drainage piping shall be protected of backflow.
 Drainage piping below the crown level of the main sewer shall be discharged into an
approved watertight sump pump.
 Minimum discharge pipe = 2” diameter for water closet connection
 Vertical discharge line from pump shall be provided with a CV and GV close to the
horizontal line.
 Drain shall be adequately sized to prevent overloading.
 Mechanical devices shall be accessible and must be protected by a water tight masonry
pit with cover.
 Drainage and venting shall be installed under this code.
 All water tanks for public use shall have pumps incase of failure for overload
 The invert of the lowest inlet to the tank shall have a minimum distance of 2” above
the highest water starting level.
 Tank covers shall be bolted and gasket type
 Air tanks maintained pressure shall ≤ 3 kg for each meter of height
 Subsoil drainage shall be discharged on an approved receiving tanks.

 SECTION 710 – SUDS RELIEF

 No connection of suds relief fixture within 2.4 meters of any vertical to horizontal
change of direction.
 Suds producing fixture
 Bath tubs
 Laundries
 Washing machine
 Kitchen sinks
 Dishwashers
 Exceptions:
 1 single family residences
 3 storey of plumbing fixtures

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 8 (INDIRECT WASTE PIPING, WET

VENTED SYSTEM AND SPECIAL WASTE)

 SECTION 801 – INDIRECT WASTE CONDITION

 NO evaporative cooler, air washer drains shall not be directly connecter to any soil,
vent or waste pipe.
 It should be drained thru an indirect waste pipe, discharge through an air break into
a receptor and connected to the drainage.
 Food equipment shall be separated from the drainage system using a full air gap.
 Air gap for drainage shall ≥ 1”.
 NOTE:
 Air Gap (Potable) = 1” or twice the diameter of the inlet pipe (min.)
 Air break (waste)
 SECTION 802 – APPROVAL
 Shall be approved by the AA.

 SECTION 803 – INDIRECT WASTE PIPING

 All piping sizes and installations shall be in accordance with this code.
 No vent from the indirect waste piping shall be combined to any vent.
 Indirect waste pipe exceeding 1.5 m but not less than 4.6m length shall be trapped,
but not need to be vented.
 Indirect waste pipe less than 4.6m, pipe size need not to be larger than drain outlet or
tailpiece but ≤ 13mm diameter.
 Angles and changes of directions on indirection waste pipe shall be provided clean
outs.

 SECTION 804 – INDIRECT WASTE RECEPTORS

 Standpipe receptor for clothes washer
 0.8 m to 0.45m (above its trap)
 Traps to standpipe receptor for cloth washer
 0.15m to 0.45m (above ground)
 An approved type of waste disposal shall be provided.
 BEE HIVE strainer shall be provided.

 SECTION 805 – PRESSURE DRAINAGE CONNECTION

 Drains, overflow and relief vents for water supply system shall be provided and no
wastes pipes shall not be directly connected to the drainage systems.

 SECTION 806 – STERILE EQUIPMENT

 Shall be drained to an air gap.

 SECTION 807 – APPLIANCES

 Shall be drained to an indirect waste pipes discharging into open receptors.
 No domestic washing machine shall be directly connected without an approved
dishwasher air gap fitting on the discharge side.

 SECTION 808 – COOLING WATER

 Trap connection shall be by means of pipe connected to the inlet side and ≤ 152mm
above the overflow rim of the fixture.

 SECTION 809 – DRINKING FOUNTAINS

 Shall be installed with indirect waste pipes.

 SECTION 810 – STEAM AND HOT WATER CONDENSES AND SUMPS

 No steam pipe or any water having 60 degree Celsius shall directly connected to the
plumbing or drainage system.
 All interceptors and tanks shall have a wall of ≤ 104mm thickness and inside should
have a plastering ≥ 13mm.
 Condensers constructed with metal
 GI gauge #12 B&S or 2.77mm thick
 Sumps and boilers shall have an access for cleaning and a volume of not less than
twice the volume of water removed from the boilers.

 SECTION 811 – CHEMICAL WASTES

 All chemical wastes shall be pretreated
 Pre treatment facilities shall be approved by AA
 Material used on piping shall be chemical resistant glass lined pipe, high silicon iron
lead pipe ≥32mm wall thickness.
 All jointing materials shall be approved.
 All piping shall be readily accessible.
  Owner shall keep the location of piping of chemical waste.
 No chemical vent to be connected on other vents.
 No chemical wastes shall be discharged to the ground.

 SECTION 812 – VERTICAL WET PIPING

 Wet venting is limited to trap arm receiving 1-2 FU.
 Fixture that serves as a vent shall not exceed up to 4 fixtures.
 Vertical piping of 2 consecutive inlet levels is considered wet vented sec.
 Wet vented section shall have a minimum of 1 pipe size larger than the upper fixture.
 Common vent sizing shall be the sum of the fixture unit served.

 SECTION 813 – SPECIAL VENTING FOR ISLAND FIXTURES

 Traps for island sink shall vented as high as possible, but not less than the drain board
height.
 Return vent shall be connected to the horizontal drain thru a wye branch.
 Critical level is 152mm above the highest flood rim level of the fixture.
 Vent line slope of ≥2% towards the drain.
 Return bend under drain shall be a one-piece fitting or an assembly of 45 degrees
elbow.
 Island sink drain shall serve no other fixtures.
 Provision of accessible clean out on vertical portion of the foot vents.

 SECTION 814 – COMBINATION WASTE AND VENT SYSTEM

 CW and VS shall be provided with a vent.
 Any branch more than 4.6 meters shall be vented separately.
 Minimum area of CW and VS shall be at least 50% of the drain it served.
 Vent connection shall be downstream of the uppermost fixture.
 Waste pipe and each trap shall be equal to 2 pipe size larger than required.
 No vertical waste pipe shall used in any CW and VS except the tailpiece and shall
≤0.60 meters in length.
 CO not required when the tailpiece is <51mm diameter.
 Provision of accessible CO.

 SECTION 815 – DIRECT WASTE TO THE GROUND

 Sacrarium – shall not be disposed directly to the ground.
 Length 346mm
 Width 286mm
 Height 152mm

 SECTION 816 – CLEAR WATER WASTES

 Water lilts, expansion tanks, cooling sachets, sprinkler systems, drip and overflow fans
shall discharge thru an indirect waste by means of an air gap.

 SECTION 817 – SWIMMING POOLS

 Pump discharge shall be installed as indirect waste.
 SECTION 818 – REFRIGERATION WASTES
 Minimum:
 1 ¼” 1 inlet serving ≤ 2.8 cu.m. ref wastes
 2” 4 – 12 cu.m., 1 ¼” inlets or equiv.
 3” 13 – 36 cu.m. inlets or equiv.

 SECTION 819 – AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT

 Shall be drain by means of an indirect waste pipe.
 Point of discharge – Air Gap or Air break
 Properly trapped receptor
 Other point of discharge acceptable to the AA
 Dry wells
 Leaching pits
  Tailpiece of plumbing fixtures

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 9 (VENTS AND VENTING)

 SECTION 901 – VENTTS REQUIRED

 Fixture trap shall be protected against siphonage and back pressure.

 SECTION 902 – VENTS NOT REQUIRED

 Vent pipe may be omitted when an interceptor acts as primary settling tank and
discharge thru horizontal indirect waste pipe on a secondary receptor.

 SECTION 903 – MATERIALS

 The length of horizontal portion of a vent may exceed 1/3 of the total length of vertical
and horizontal portions is limited by table 7.5, provided the vent is increased 1 pipe
size larger for its entire length.

 SECTION 904 – SIZE OF VENTS

 TABLE 7.5
 The size of vent piping shall based on total number of FIXTURE UNITS

 SECTION 905 – VENT PIPE GRADES AND CONNECTIONS

 All horizontal vent pipes shall be free from drops and sags.
 Vents shall be offset horizontaly 6” above the highest flood level rim.
 All vent pipe shall extend above the roof, should be increased 1 pipe size larger.
 Vent pipe opening of a soil/waste pipe shall not be below trap weir.

 SECTION 906 – VENTILATION

 Vent stack thru roof extension
 Distance from roof 0.15m (min.)
 Distance from any vertical surface 0.30m (min.)
 Vent opening termination when there is openable access nearby
 Vertical distance 0.90m (min.)
 Horizontal distance 3.0m (min.)
 Vent pipe shall extended 0.15m from any roof or fire wall.
 Vent pipes for outdoor installation
 Horizontal distance from any part of the roof 3.0m (min.)
 Vertical distance from any part of the roof 2.1m (min.)

 SECTION 907 – VENT STACKS AND RELIEF VENT

 For building 10 storeys and highest, yoke vent is required every 3-5 floors.
 Diameter of an individual vent ≥ 1 1/4 “ or less than ½ of the drain it serve.

 PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 10 (TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS)

 SECTION 1001 – TRAPS REQUIRED

 Each plumbing fixture excreting shall have approved type water seal.
 ONE TRAP is to ONE TRAP ARM RULE:
 Fixtures Trap
 Lavatory P trap
 Water closet Integral trap
 Shower drain/Floor drain P Trap
 Bath tub Bag trap
  NOTE: One trap can served ≤ 3 single compartment laundry sinks or laundry tubs
having same elevation and distances ≤ 0.75m.
 No food waste disposal unit shall be installed on restaurant, commercial or industrial
sinks serve by a single trap.
 Tailpiece shall be as short as possible – 0.60m maximum

 SECTION 1002 – TRAPS PROTECTED BY VENT

 Trap arm length – shall ≥ twice the diameter of the trap arm pipe.
 CO is not require on trap arm change of direction if does not exceeds 90 degrees.
 EXCEPTION:
 Change of direction not exceeding 22.5 degrees, no CO required.
 Change of direction greater than 22.5 degrees CO required.
 Vent pipe except water closet and urinal shall above the weir of the trap.
 TRAP ARM
 Diameter size Distance to vent
 1 ¼” 0.76m
 1 ½” 1.07m
 2” 1.52m
 3” 1.83m
 4” and larger 3.05m
 With a slope of ≥ 2%
 NOTE: the developed length between closet ring to the inner side of the vent
≤1.8m (max.)
 Traps described
 Gauge #17 B&S or 1.1 mm thick can be use as trap.

 SECTION 1004 – TRAPS PROHIBITED

 S-Trap
 Bell and crowns vented traps
 No fixture shall be double trapped
 No drum trap shall be installed without vent.

 SECTION 1005 – TRAP SEALS

 Fixture shall have a water seal – 2” to 4” deep (measured from dip to the crown weir)

 SECTION 1008 – INDUSTRIAL INTERCEPTORS

 Interceptors shall have a minimum 6” deep water seals.

 SECTION 1011 – GREASE TRAP

 No grease trap is required having a flow rate of 1.3L/s to 3.4L/s.
 NOTE:
 The total capacity of the fixtures discharging into such any grease trap shall not
exceed 2 ½ times the certified liters per minute flow rate of the grease trap.
 Grease trap installed with the inlet more than 1.2 meters lower than any outlet shall
have a flow rate of ≥ 50% of that given in Table 10.2 or more than 4 fixtures
connected to it.
 Grease trap can be used as an outlet when the distance between the outlet and the
trap shall not exceed 1.2 meters or the vertical tail pipe should not exceed 0.75m.
 Water seal for grease trap shall ≥ 2”.

 SECTION 1012 – GREASE INTERCEPTOR FOR COMMERCIAL KITCHENS

 Grease Trap capacity (no. of F) Flow rate (L/min) Grease retention cap.
 1 76 18
 2 95 23
 3 132 32
 4 189 45

 SECTION 1013 – FOOD WASTE DISPOSAL PROHIBITED

  No food waste disposal unit shall be connected to Grease Trap or Grease Interceptor
 Developed length of the closet flange to the vent pipe shall not exceed 6’.

 SECTION 1015 – LAUNDRIES

 Laundry equipment that does not have “Integral strainers” shall discharge into an
interceptor with a wire basket to prevent passage of ½” or larger in maximum
dimension.

 SECTION 1017 – CONSTRUCTION AND SIZE

 Inlet and outlet of the pipe shall have a minimum of 3” diameter.
 The invert of the inlet pipe shall higher than the invert of the outlet pipe.
 Minimum dimension – 0.2 sq.m.
 Minimum depth – 610 mm
 For every 18.9 L/min or 75.7 L/min additional flow, a 0.09 sq.m. increased in the area
of the sand interceptor.
 Outlet section = at least 50% of the area of the inlet section.

 PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 11 (STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM)

 SECTION 1101 – GENERAL

 Storm drainage are required for:
 Roof areas
 Courtyard
 Courts
 To collect storm water and discharge the storm water to an approved disposal
point.

 SECTION 1102 – RAINWATER SYSTEM

 Rainwater downspouts – conductor pipings
 Cast iron
 Galvanuized steel
 Iron, brass, copper, lead
 Schedule 40 ABS
 DWV
 Series 1000
 PVC DWV
 Rain water downspout – conductor
 Not less than gauge 26, galvanized sheet metal
 Used in low height building
 Rainwater piping
 Galvanized iron pipe
 Schedule 30
 Cast iron soil pipe
 SW
 Type DWV copper tube
 Schedule 40 ABS
 DWV
 Series 1000
 PVC DWV
  Used in medium height building
 Downspout for high rise building
 Stronger pipe resist ‘hydrostatic pressure’
 Rainwater piping commencing 0.60 meters from the exterior of the building –
approved materials
 Roof drains
 Materials should be made of cast iron, copper, or any corrosion resistant material.
 Shall ≥ 4” above the surface of the roof.
 Strainers and dome type
 Minimum total inlet area = 1 ½ times of the area of the outlet pipe.
 Roof deck strainer
 Total net inlet area = ≥ twice the area of the outlet pipe.
 Sizing of rain water piping
 Rain fall per hour given the roof area in sq.m.
 Manila area = 102 mm/hr
 Vertical wall area
 Adjacent roof area below:
 One wall add 50% of area of the wall to the roof area
 Two adjacent walls add 35% to the total wall areas to the roof area
 Two opposite walls (same ht.) no additional area to be added
 Two opposite wall (diff ht.) add 50% wall area above top of lower wall
 Three sides wall add 50% of the inner wall below the top of the
lowest wall
 Four sides no allowance
 The area of the side of a tall building exposed to rain is taken as ½ of the
cross area.

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 12 (HOUSE DRAIN AND HOUSE SEWER)

 SECTION 1201 – SEWER REQUIRED

 Mandatory connection to an existing public sewer fronting the lots.
 Public sewer is not available 62 meters from any proposed building.
 No permit shall be issued for installation, alteration, or repair of any private sewage
disposal system.

 SECTION 1202 – DAMAGE TO PUBLIC/PRIVATE SEWER DISPOSAL SYSTEM

 Rain and surface water shall not be discharged into excrete drainage system.
 No cesspool, septic tank, seepage pit or underdrain system shall be connected to the
excreta building sewer leading to public sewer main.

 SECTION 1203 – BUILDING SEWER MATERIAL

 Building sewer – beginning 0.60 meters from the outside face of the wall.

 SECTION 1205 – SIZE OF BUILDING SEWER

 Based on Table 12-2
 Basis on the total number of fixture units drained by sewer.
 Minimum size of building sewer = 150mm or 6”

 SECTION 1206 – GRADE, SUPPORT AND PROTECTION OF BUILDING SEWER

 Building sewers
 Slope
  2% towards (septic tank and street main sewer)
 Except:
 Due to depth of street sewer
 Due to structural features conflict
 Due to adverse arrangement of any building
 2% smaller than 4” pipe
 1% 4” to 6” pipe
 5% 8” or larger
 Shall be laid over concrete cradle or bed
 Shall be laid 0.60 meters from the building wall, or 0.30 meters below the finish
surface of the ground.

 SECTION 1207 – CLEANOUTS

 CO is not required for 3-meter length of building sewer from building drain.
 All required BS CO shall be extended to finish grade.
 CO on manhole should be approved
 Maximum distance of manhole = 91 meters
 Inlet and outlet pipes connection of manhole shall be made by a flexible compression
joint and closer than 0.3 meters.

 SECTION 1208 - SEWER AND WATER PIPES

 Bottom of the water pipe at all points shall have at least 3 meters above the top drain
line.
 The water pipe shall be placed on a solid shelf with horizontal clear distance at least 3
meters.
 Water pipe crossing sewer line shall be laid 3 meters above the drain line.
 Water pipe joints shall have a clear distance of 3 meters to any sewer line.

 SECTION 1210 – ABANDONED SEWERS AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES

 Every abandoned sewer line shall be plugged or capped 1.5 meters from the property
line.

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 13 (JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS)

 SECTION 1301 - TIGHTNESS

 Water test
 Section shall be tested with 3 meter head of water, and will be kept within 15
minutes.
 Air test
 Uniform pressure gauge of 34.5 kPa or 254 mmHg, and will be kept for a period of
15 minutes.
 Building sewer test
 Plugging the ends of the building sewer and completely filling it with water from the
lowest to highest.

 Water piping
 Water test – testing pressure shall be the working pressure plus 50% load.
 Air test – 344.5 kPa of air can be substituted for water test.

 SECTION 1302 – TYPES OF JOINTS

 Types:
 Caulked joints
 Bell and spigot iron pipe
 Shall be firmly packed with oakum or hemp and filled with lead to a depth of
≥ 1”
  The finish joint shall not extend to 3.2mm below the rim of the tub for cast
iron pipe.
 Compression joint – using neoprene gasket rubber
 Hubless joint – using elastomeric sealing sleeve and stainless steel clamp.
 Threaded joints
 Used for galvanized iron, steel and plastic pipes
 Shall be standard taper pipe thread
 Threaded plastic – schedule 80 minimum wall thickness and shall be factory
cut or molded.
 Wired joints
 Used for lead pipe and fittings, copper and brass pipe, ferrules, solders,
nipples and traps
 Should ≥ ¾” or at least same as thick as materials joined.
 Soldered and wet joints
 Flame torch at 149-427 degree Celsius
 Used in brass and copper tubings
 Solder and flux with 0.2% lead is prohibited.
 Brazing joints – torch starts at 449 degrees Celsius up to melting point.
 Welding – joining metal in plastic molten state.
 Compression fittings
 Standard fittings – fires a ferrule against the tube.
 Flare fittings – used for copper tubing
 Tubing expanded with a flaring tool.
 Cement mortar joints
 Used for concrete pipes.
 Using compression elastomeric materials – ‘O’ ring
 Burned lead joints
 Used for lead pipes.
 Weld shall be as thick as lead pipe joined.
 Asbestos cement sewer pipe
 Using of coupling and sealed with neoprene rubber rings
 Packing additives prohibited
 Used of leaking sealing additives is prohibited.
 Solvent cement plastic joints
 fusing plastic and fittings using adhesive.
 IAPMO standard installation approved.

 SECTION 1303 – USE OF JOINTS

 Clay sewer pipe – neoprene gasket for hub and spigot joints
 Screwed pipe to cast iron pipe – caulked or threaded joints.
 Lead to cast iron, wrought iron or steel – made by a wire joint to caulking ferrule,
soldered nipple or bushing.
 Copper water tube – brass fittings properly soldered and brazed.
 Plastic fittings – used of fabricated female screw is prohibited.
 Minimum of schedule 80 wall thickness.

 SECTION 1304 – SPECIAL JOINTS

 Copper tubing to screw pipe joints – used of brass adaptor fittings and shall be
properly soldered.
 Slip joints – used of compression nut, compression washer and friction ring.
 Expansion joints – shall be free and accessible.
 Ground point flared and ferrule connections – shall not be considered slip joints.
 Plastic pipe connections to other materials – used approved type of fittings and
adapters.

 SECTION 1305 – FLANGED FIXTURE CONNECTIONS

  Connection shall be bolted with rust proofed materials with an approved gasket,
washer and setting compound between earth ware and connection.

 SECTION 1306 – PROHIBITED JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS

 The enlargement of a closet bend or stub from 76mm to 102mm is not an obstruction.

PLUMBING CODE: CHAPTER 14 (QUALITY AND WEIGHT OF MATERIALS)

 SECTION 1404 – MINIMUM STANDARDS

 Shall be labeled and listed.
 Iron pipe
 Iron
 Steel
 Brass
 Copper pipes
 Used in copper tubing
 Shall not be carrying chemical and acid wastes.
 Copper tube for water shall have a weight of ≥ type L.
 Colored stripes for making shall be at least 6.4mm width.
 TYPES:
 K green
 L blue
 M red
 DWV yellow
 Lead
 For safe pans - ≥ 19.56 kg/cu.m. and 1.6mm thick
 For flashing or vent terminals - ≥ 14.63 kg/cu.m. and 1.2mm thick
 Lead bends and traps shall ≥ 3.2mm in wall thickness
 Ferrules and bushings
 Caulking ferrules shall not be of red cast brass, bronze or copper.
 Soldering nipples and bushings shall not be of brass, copper or heavy cast red
brass.
 Closet rings
 Shall be 178mm diameter and have a 38mm wide flange.
 Caulked on closet rings ≥ 6.4mm thick and ≥ 51mm in deoth.
 Minimum of 4 bolts per water closet.
 Clean out fittings
 Plug should have a raised square head when installed along travel ways.
 Gas and water tight.
 Threaded pipe and fittings
 Screwed fittings – ABS and PVC threads shall be tapped.
 Drainage fittings – should allow 2% slope.
 Backwater valve
 Shall remain sufficiently open during low period of flows.
 Valves and fittings
 Gate valve in drainage shall be on full way type
 SIZE Materials
 4” or larger cast iron bodies
 Less than 4” cast brass or bronze bodies