1. VOCABULARY UNIT 3: CITIES OF THE FUTURE err TU VUNG PHIEN AM TU | NGHIA LOAI 1 Exhibition /.ek.sa'brfan/ n__ | cudc trién lam, sw biéu 16 Exhibit Iag'zb.tt/ v__ | trién lam, bidu 16 2 | Impact rim.peekt! n_ | anh huéng 3. | Vehicle Tvi.akell n | xe co 4 Traffic jam treet tk, d3eem/ np_ | ach tac giao thang 5 | City dweller I'stti‘dwel.o/ np_ | cu dan thanh phé Efficiently Irfyf.ent.li/ adv | mét cach hiéu qua 6 Efficient Irffentl adj | cd nang lc, co higu suat Efficiency Irfyf.en.sil n_ | cao ; tinh higu qua, higu sudt 7 | Infrastructure I'm fra. sirak tfor n__ | co-séha ting 8 | High-rise shat rarz/ n_ | nha cao tang Carbon footprint | /.ka:rben ‘fut.print! n__ | dau chan carbon (téng khi 9 thai dugc tao ra boi mot ca nhén, 16 chwe, hoae trong san x Transport Traen.spo:rt! n | (= transportation) sw 40 chuyén ché, van tailvan chuyén; phuong tien van chuyén 11 Urban centre 1'3:.ban ‘senter! np | trung tam 46 thi 12. Roof garden “wf garden! np. | vuon tren mai 13. | Skyscraper I'skar, skret.po/ n_ | téanha choc trai 14 | Smoothly rsmuc6.lil adv | mot cach ém a, trdi chay 15. Nchitecture Tarke.tek.toy | cOng trinh kién trite Architect Farke.tekt! n__ | kién tric su 148 | Suburban /sa'be:.ban/ adj_| thudc ngoai 6 17 | Sustainable Jse'ster.ne.ball adj_| bén ving 18 | Sensor Psen.se! n_ | cémbién 19 | Biodiversity J bat.ou.dr'va-.se.ti n__| da dang sinh hoc 20 | Renewable Inr'nu..2.dell adj_| co thé tai taoNon-renewable | /,na:n.rr‘nu:.0.bel/ adj_| khéng thé tai tao 21 | Eco-friendly Tek.ou frend.li/ adj_| than thién voi méi trvong | Computer - | /kem’pju te ken'trould/ | adj | dugc diéu khién bang may controlled tinh 23. | Emission itmtfan n | sutéara 4 Pedestrian zone | /pa'des.tr.en zoon/ np | khu vuc danh cho nguéi di bo 25 | Cycle path T'sarkal_pae6/ np_ | duéng danh cho xe dap 26 Livable T'htv.e.bell adj | c6 thé 6 doc, dang séng a7 Living conditions | /’Irv.t9 ken'dtf.enz/ np | diéu kién séng, diéu kién sinh hoat 28 = Rush hour /tnf avr! np | gi cao diem Interact L.an.te- eekt! v__| twong tac 29 | Interaction L.an.te reek fan n__| su tuong tac Interactive Lanta reek.tiv! adj | cé tinh tuong tac 39 Neighbor Tner-bar! rn | ngudi hang x6m Neighbothood —_| /'ner.bo.hud/ | hang x6m, vung lan can 31 | Privacy I'pratve.si/ n | su néng tu; doi te 3p | Sense of | /sens a:v ke mju:.na.ti/ np_ | ¥ thirc céng ding community 3 | Secutity Jsa'kjur.2.ti/ n_ | swan toan Secure Isa kj! adj | an tam, bao dim 34 Advantage Jed’ veen.tid3/ n |su thuan loi, loi thé Disadvantage /.dis.ad veen.tid3/ n_ | su datioi 35. | Victim T'vik.tem/ n | nannhan 38. | Cybercrime I'sat.be kramm/ n__ | tdi pham mang 37 | Expert Tek.sps- n | chuyén gia 38 | Extend Ink'stend/ v_ | méréng, trai dai Il. STRUCTURES SIT cAu TRUC NGHIA 1 | Feel free to do sth cam thay thoai mai khi lam gi 2 | Have an impact on sb/sth 6 anh huréng dén ailcai gi 3 | Bo impressed by/atiwith sth bi An tugng béi cai gi 4_ | Attract one’s attention thu hut sw chu y cia al do5 | Be expected to do sth duoc mong doi dé lam diéu gi do 6 | Cope with sth 446i pho, gidi quyét diéu gi 7 | Arange of mat loat 8 | Warn sb about/against sth canh bao ai vé diéu gi 9 | Make room for sth tao khéng gian, ché tréng cho cai gi 10. | Care about sth quan tam dén diéu gi 11. | Be made available for sb 6 sn cho ai 46 12 | Provide sb with sth cung cap cho ai cai gi Provide sth to/for sb cung cap cai gi cho ai 13. | Without + V-ing/N ma khéng lam gi/ma khéng c6 cai gi 14. | Thanks to sbisth nho cé ailcai gi 15 | Interact with sb/sth twong tac vor ai/cal gi 16 | Pros and cons uu va nhuoe diém 17 | Onthe other hand mat khac GRAMMAR (Stative verbs and linking verbs) 1. Stative verbs in the continuous form (Déng tir trang thai o’hinh thire tiép dién) - BOng tiv trang thai miéu 8 mot trang thai thay vi mét hanh dong - Chiing thudng am chi suy nghi va y kién (agree - déng y, believe - tin, remember - nho, think - nghi, understand - hiéu), cam gidc va cam xtc (hate - ghét, love - yéu thich, prefer - thich hon), gic quan (appear - dudng nhu, feel - cam thay, hear - nghe thay, look - trong 0 vé, see -nhin thay, seem - trong co vé, smell - ngtii, taste - co vi) va su’ sé hitu (belong - thudc vé, have - co, own - sé hu). - Ching thueng khong duoc str dung & hinh thtrc tiép dién. Tuy nhién, mét sé dong tir trang thai co thé duoc sir dung & hinh thwc tiép dién dé miéu ta hanh dong, tuy thudc vao ngi canh, Vi du: She has a younger sister. (C6 4y co mét em gai.) He is having a birthday party now. (Hién gid anh 4y dang c6 tiéc sinh nhat) 2. Linking verbs (Béng tir néi) - M@t d6ng tir néi doc str dung dé lién két chil thé voi mét tinh tir hoac mot danh tir miéu ta hoac xac dinh chi thé do. Nhirng lién déng tir phd bién bao gém be (thi, la), seem (C6 vé nhu), look (trong c6 vé), become (tro nén), appear (xuat hién), sound (nghe co va), taste (ném/cé vi), va smell (ngiri). Vi du: She seems very happy. (C6 y dtrong nhu rt hanh phuic.) His job has become his whole life. (Céng viée ciia anh dy da tré thanh tat cd cudc séng cila anh dy.)IV. PRACTICE EXERCISES A. PHONETICS Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 1.4. future B. usage C. public D. museum 2.A. private B. city C. install D. impress 3.A. effect B. design C. reduce D. dweller 4.4. occur B. across C. special D. skyscraper 5. A. camel B. attract C. camera D. animal Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 1.8. expect B. provide C. become D. feature 2. A. emission B. quality C. various D. vehicle 3.A fantastic B. sustainable C. operate D. collection 4. A environment B. education C. population D. disadvantage 5. A. possession B. identify C. architecture D. pedestrian B. VOCABULARY Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 1. Some people aren't able to cope with the stresses of the job in big cities. A. deal with B. get familiar with C. care about D. interact with 2. Smart technologies have made the lives of city dwellers more convenient. A. people living in the country B. people who like to work in the city C. people living in the city D. people who don't like to live in the city 3. In Toronto (Canada), you can book an appointment and see a doctor online from your own home. A. create B. provide C. reserve D. join 4. The mobile app can give you route recommendations and work out the calories you bum A. instructions B. references C. congratulations D. compliments 5. What are the pros and cons of living in a big city? A. likes and dislikes B. new and old things C. modern and ancient things D. advantages and disadvantages Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 1. By using renewable energy sources, we can power our homes and businesses more efficiently and reduce our carbon footprint. A. unsuccessfully _B. inadequately C. difficultly D. incompletely 2. City life has both advantages and disadvantages which will be solved in the futureA. interests B. prosperities C. benefits D. drawbacks 3. In conclusion, a smart city helps people live better. A. In addition B. To begin with C. To sum up D. In general 4, She is absolutely sure that tall buildings will be built soon in this area A. gradually B. frequently C. completely D. indefinitely 5. The new technology can help save time by predicting changes in traffic and warning people of possible traffic jams. A. misunderstand B. ignoring C. concentrating D. locating Give the correct forms of words in brackets. 1. There will be an (EXHIBIT) of future cities at the city center stadium. 2. The skyscraper attracts people’s attention because of its unusual (ARCHITECT). 3. Al technologies, such as cameras and smart sensors, will be installed to help the city operate more (EFFICIENCY) 4. More pedestrian zones for walking and cycle paths will be made available for people in all (NEIGHBOR). 5. Living in a smart city has some (ADVANTAGE), such as overpopulation and pollution Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences. 1. Smart technologies make people's lives easier by reducing chores. A. home B. house C. family D. household 2. Most people use transport such as trams and electric buses in big cities. A. public B. private C. common D. particular 3. Tall buildings can actually limit the of the built environment and help solve housing problems in big cities. A. exhibition B. impact C. carbon footprint D. roof garden 4.Traffic_ are the city’s biggest problem, especially during rush hour. A. jams B. vehicles C. skyscrapers D. urban centers 5. Building a good , basic systems such as transport, banks..., is important for the country's economy. A. urban center B. infrastructure C. office D. environment 6. The new underground has allowed to get around more easily. A. tich people B. students C. city dwellers D. tour guides 7. With the help of technology, people can grow vegetables in roof gardens of buildings A. high-standard B. high-quality C. high-rise D. high-level 8. Most people are moving away from the of large cities to the suburbs. A. urban center B. supermarket C. finance center D. city hall9. A smart city is a modern area that uses a range of technologies to provide services, solve problems and support people better. A. suburban B. crowded C. polluted D. urban 10. These smart technologies will help energy, reduce air pollution, and fight climate change A. waste B. save C.use D. spend 14. Modern green infrastructure will be more because most cities use renewable and clean energy. A. eco-chic B. eco-anxiety C. eco-friendly D. eco-warrior 12. Computer-controlled transport systems like electric buses and trains will produce less greenhouse gas A. emit B. emissions C. emits D. emitted 13 are the areas for walking only. A. Cycle paths B. Roads C. Highways D. Pedestrian zones 14, These features will make future cities more and will provide a high quality of life to city dwellers A. live B. life C. liveable D. living 15 are devices that can react to light, heat or pressure. A. Sensors B. Remote controls C. Victims D. Computers. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions. 1. The cities of the future will be smarter and more sustainable to cope @ growing population and improve people's lives. 2. Making room biodiversity and nature can be done in various ways including underground and rooftop farming, green roofs, and roof gardens. 3. As people care more the environment, most cities will use renewable and clean eneray. 4. I'm really impressed the high-rise buildings in moder cities. 5. The social media campaign had a significant impact raising awareness about environmental issues. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 1. Eeo-friend public transport will produce loss carbon dioxide or waste and will be A B c controlled by computers. D 2. People’s lives will be easier because Al techniques will help them do many daily activities. A B Cc D 3. Thanks for technology, people now can save their time doing the housework.A B Cc D 4. Widening the road is sounding a good solution to traffic problems in the areas. A B c D 5. The project aims improve the city’s old infrastructure by creating more pedestrian A B c zones and cycle paths. D C. GRAMMAR Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. What's the matter? You look A. happily B. happy C. unhappy D. unhappily 2. | have been very up to this point, but | am going to lose my temper if you don't find my baggage immediately. A. impatiently B. impatient C. patient D. patiently 3. You seem more now. A. relaxed B. relax C. relaxing D. relaxingly 4. These watermelons were sweet. A. excepting B. exception C. exceptional D. exceptionally 5. The cake tastes A. good B. goodly C. well D. badly 6. That kitten’s fur so soft A. looks B. sounds C. smells D. tastes 7. The waves crashed on the shore where they cool on my hot feet. ‘A. appeared B. felt C. looked D. sounded 8. The milk went within seven days from opening. A. bad B. badly C. best D. well 9. My darling, you looked in that dress. A. beauty B. beautify C. beautiful D. beautifully 10. She looked around for a weapon. A. desperate B. desperating C. desperately D. desperation 11. Nicole grew from the hours of overtime at work. It became quite that she needed a long vacation A. tirediobvious B. _ tired/obviously C. tiredly/obvious D. tiredly/obviously 12. The young girl sing A. amazing good B. amazing well C. amazingly good —_D. amazingly well 13. She said she would become a singerA famous/quick B famous/quickly c famously/quick D famously/quickly 14. The skies became as the moon moved between the Earth and the Sun A. surprising dark B. surprising darkly C. surprisingly dark D. surprisingly darkly 15." you comfortable?”, he asked A. Didifeel B. Does/feel C. Wererfeeling D. Areffeeling Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 16. The chef tasted the meat cautious before carefully serving it to his special guest. A B c D 17. She is loving to explore new cultures and immerse herself in different experiences while A B c traveling. D 18. Aiter being closed for a long period of time, the house became dirty and smelled awfully. A B c D 19. All the members of the committee felt happily about the ultimate decision. A B c D 20. Sophie has lived in Thailand for several years. She knows the culture very good. A B c D 21. | feel both excited and nervously because | have got a date with Lara tomorrow. A B c D 22. The humid weather made it difficultly to enjoy the tropical beach A B c D 23. The food was good with reasonable price, but the service was slowly. A B c D 24, Naomi vividly is remembering tho day hor daughter was born A B c D 25. She is always believing that education is the key toa brighter future for individuals and A B c D society. D. SPEAKING Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges. 1. Jane is talking to Tom.Jane: | heard that in the future people will live on the moon. Do you think that will be possible? Tom: A. Yes. It's impossible. B. I'm not really sure about it C. Don't mention it. D. That sounds bad. 2. Sue and Jane are talking to each other ‘Sue: | think we'll use driverless buses and flying cars in the future. Jane: A. I'ma bit tired. B.| have a good idea. C. I don't know for sure. D. Of course not. 3. Jane is talking to Jack. Jane: | think Al robots will do all the household chores. Jack: A. Let's do it B. Why? | don't understand C. I think it would be a good way D. There can't be any doubt. 4. Jane is talking to her mother Jane: Mum, | think our city will become more modem. Mother: A. Im absolutely sure about it B. You can't do anything. C. Ihave some ideas for that. D. We hope that 5. Jane is talking to Jack Jane: | think smart technologies are good for us. Jack: A. You are welcome. B_| think it's quite hard to do that C. You are excellent D. There's some doubt in my mind E. READING Read the following passage and mark the letier A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5. The physical health of city dwellers in the next 100 years is likely to experience significant advancements and challenges. With the continuous evolution of healthcare technology and urban planning, cities may prioritize the well-being of their residents more than (1) before. Innovations such as telemedicine, personalized healthcare, and preventive measures could lead to improved access to healthcare services and more efficient medical treatments. Furthermore, the integration of green spaces, sustainable transportation systems, and walkable (2)____may encourage physical activity and contribute to healthier lifestyles. However, as cities continue to expand and populations grow, issues such as pollution, overcrowding, and limited accass to green spaces may contribute to various heaith concerns. Environmental changes, including climate change and natural disasters, can have adverseeffects on air quality, water sources, and overall well-being. The emergence of new infectious diseases or the re-emergence of old ones could also pose risks to urban populations. 3) . the advancements of technologies can also pose a threat of 2 notable increase in sedentary lifestyles among people (4) can lead to several diseases afterward. These challenges (5) proactive measures in urban planning, healthcare infrastructure, and public health initiatives to safeguard the physical health of city dwellers in the coming years (Adapted from The Guardian) 1.4. never B. ever C. none D. neither 2. A. neighborliness B. neighboring C. neighbor D. neighborhoods 3. A. Furthermore B. However C. Thus D. Otherwise 4.4 which B. who C. when D. why 5. A. necessarily B. nocossary C. necessity D. necessitate Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of tho questions from 6 to 10. As cities continue to grow, they face many problems and disadvantages that need attention and creative solutions. One major concern is the increasing issue of having too many people in one place, which strains resources and infrastructure. Mote and more people are moving to cities in search of opportunities, causing them to become crowded, congested, and overwhelming for transportation, housing, and healthcare According to a report by the United Nations in 2018, it is predicted that by 2050, around 68% of the worid’s population will live in cities. This rapid increase in urban population is likely to make existing problems worse and create new ones. The strain on resources, along with poor planning and limited space, can result in unequal access to services, making life difficult for many city residents. Furthermore, the concentration of industries, vehicles, and energy use in cities contributes significantly to air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and the depletion of natural resources. Another disadvantage of future cities is the potential for people to feel isolated and disconnected from others. Despite the increasing connectivity provided by technology, the fast-paced urban lifestyle and lack of social connection can lead to loneliness. City life can be impersonal and temporary, making it difficult to build a sense of community and belonging To tackle these challenges, city planners, policy makers, and communities must collaborate to develop innovative strategies for sustainable urban development. This includes creating efficient transportation systems, promoting environmentally friendly infrastructure, and designing inclusive spaces that encourage social interaction. By prioritizing the well- being of residents, considering the environmental impact, and embracing technological advancements, cities of the future have the potential to overcome these problems and become thriving, resilient, and livable places (Adapted from The New York Time) 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. The Future Challenges of Urbanization B. Overpopulation: A Threat to Future Cities C. Sustainable Solutions for Urban DevelopmentD. The Negative Impact of Cities on the Environment 5. The word “depletion” in passage 2 is closest in meaning to A. exhaustion B. augmentation C. conclusion D. deletion 6. The word it in passage 2 refers to A. loneliness B. social interaction _C. urban lifestyle D. city life 7. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Urbanization leads to overcrowding and strain on essential services. B. Over seven-tenths of the global population is estimated to reside in cities by 2050. C. Concentration of industries and vehicles in cities contributes to air pollution D. Lack of social cohesion in cities can result in social isolation 8. It.can be inferred from the passage that A. Urbanization will solve the problem of resource depletion B. The quality of lifo in cities is expected to improve in the futuro. C. Sustainable practices and policies are needed to mitigate the drawbacks of urbanization. D. Technology can help to eliminate feelings of loneliness and disconnection in cities. UNIT 3:15-MINUTE TEST Give the correct form of verbs in brackets. | (think) that most young people like city life We (have) a great time in Nha Trang now. | (see) what he wants to do. Peter (believe) that his brother will win the match My mother (think) of buying a new washing machine This book (belong) to May. Why you (look) at me like that? @ONRARONSAS My parents always (agree) with my decisions. 9. It (seem) that no one has lived here for a long time 10. The museum (sound) a good place for tourists to visit. I. Fill in the correct prepositions to complete sentences. 9. By next year the city’s population is expected reach 2 million 10. The most urgent issue that we are coping is pollution in the city, 13. | was impressed the skyscrapers and modern buildings in Dubai 14. The government provided the poor jobs and accommodation 15. Parents always have groat impact thoir childron UNIT 3: 45-MINUTE TESTMark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 1A. climate B. inform C. service D. include 2. A. under B. support C. butter D. public Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stross in cach of tho following questions. 3. A. transport B. improve C. daily D. sensor 4. A. interact B. suburban C. convenient D. advantage 5. A. cocument B. company C. government D. attraction Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 6. Al technologies will help the city operate more efficiently. A. intelligently B. adequately C. effectively D. magnificently 7. Traffic is now flowing smoothly again A. evenly B. quickly C. slowly D. fluently Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 8. This type of farming is simply not sustainable anymore. A. stable B. difficult C. suitable D. temporary 9. | want to find a neighborhood in this city that is liveable and convenient for living A. endurable B. unacceptable C. bearable D. comfortable Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences. 10. Street lights can when the streets are empty and sensors can inform waste collection teams when the bins are full A. turn up B. turn on C. turn down D. turn off 11. Cities in the future will have a lower carbon footprint and will be more A. sustainable B. changeable C. adaptable D. favorite 12. City often face the challenges of high living costs and crowded spaces. A. inhabitants B. residents C. dwellers D. citizens 13. Good is crucial for the development and growth of any city A. architecture B. infrastructure C. biodiversity D. cybercrime 14. Implementing effective traffic management strategies can help alleviate jamsin busy cities. A. traffic B. sensor C. operation D. device 15. energy sources like coal and oil contribute to environmental pollution A. Eco-friendly B. Renewable C. Non-renewable D. Computer-controlled 16. James an intelligent person but he sometimes asks silly questions. A. is seeming B. seemed C. seem D. seems17 Please be quiet. | A. think B. am thinking C. thought D. thinks 18. You should try this soup. It very delicious. A. is tasting B. tasted C. taste D. tastes 19. My city was ranked as the most city in the country because of its excellent facilities and clean air A. live B. life C. living D. liveable 20. Electric buses and trains will produce less greenhouse gas A. emit B. emissions C. emitting D. emitted 21. Infrastructure will be made available the city dwellers before winter comes. A. for B.in C. off D. about 22. Nice restaurants and cafeterias in the downtown tourists’ attention A. take B. invite C. attract D. create Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 23. Sensors around the city warn the team in charge on broken lights or full bins. A B c D 24. Don't bother him because he thinks now. A BOC D 25. Urban life is seeming more exciting to young people. A B Cc D READING Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30. In the future, cities will experience many changes to adapt to (28) populations and environmental concerns. These cities will use advanced technologies to make life better for the people (27) live there. They will have smart transportation systems that are more efficient and include things like self-driving cars and improved public transportation. The cities will also focus (28) being more environmentally friendly by using renewable energy sources and designing buildings that are good for the environment. (29) there will be a greater emphasis on including everyone in city life, with better access for people with disabilities and opportunities for people to be (30), in decision-making through digital platforms. Overall, the cities of the future will aim to create a better balance between technology and the well-being of the people who call them home. (Adapted from English Reading and Comprehension) 26. A. grown B. grew C. grow D. growing 27. A.which B. who C. when D. where 28. A.on B. about C.of Dain 29. A. Additionally B. Consequently C. However D. Therefore30 A. interested B. specialized C. invested D. involved Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35. In the cities of the future, people will experiance big changes in their everyday lives. These urban residents will be part of a highly advanced and connected environment, where new technologies and innovative infrastructure come together to make city life easier and more efficient. Future cities will have smart systems that use resources well, make getting around easier, and help protect the environment. Buildings will be eneray-efficient and have smart sensors that adjust things like temperature and lighting based on how many people are there This will save energy and reduce the amount of pollution. Transportation systems will be well- connected, so people can easily move from one place to another. Electric and self-criving cars will also be common, which means less traffic and less air pollution In addition, technology will change the way people interact with their city. Advanced augmented reality (AR) systems will show digital information on top of the real world, giving people useful and personalized suggestions. They will also be able to navigate the city with the help of interactive holographic displays that show important places, public transportation options, and real-time trattic updates. Also, there will be fast internet everywhere, so people can easily communicate and connect everyday objects to the internet to make life easier But there will also be challenges along with these advancements. People in future cities will need to adapt to new complexities and risks. As technology becomes more important for critical infrastructure, there will be a bigger risk of cyber-attacks and data breaches. It will be important to have strong security measures to protect people’s privacy and keep their information safo from bad actors. (Adapted from Solution) 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. The Challenges of Future Cities B. The Benefits of Advanced Technologies in Cities, C. Urbanization and Its Impact on Everyday Life D. Exploring the Possibilities of Smart Cities 32. What are some features of future cities mentioned in the passage? A. Historical architecture and traditional infrastructure. B. Limited availability of resources and inefficient transportation systems. C. Smart systems, energy-efficient buildings, and well-connected transportation networks. D. Lack of internet connectivity and minimal technological advancements. 33. The word "advanced" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to A. out-of-date B. state-of-the-art C. old-fashioned D. elaborate 34. The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to A. people B. personalized suggestions C. Advanced augmented reality (AR) systemsD. interactive holographic displays 35. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. Future cities will have energy-efficient buildings with smart sensors. B. Transportation systems in future cities will be well-connected C. Augmented reality (AR) systems will not be used widely in future cities. D. Future cities will have fast internet connectivity Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges. 36. Jack is talking to Peter. Jack: Do you mind if | borrow your new book about the future cities? Peter: A. Yes. | have a new book. B. Please feel free to get it. C. It's mine, not John D. It makes sense. 37. Jack is talking to Peter. Jack: Do you think the authority can build a very big shopping center in this area? Peter: A. Im not sure this is true. B. There's nothing to prove for that. C. Idon’t understané much D. It's a good answer. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 38. With the help of technology, people can grow vegetables in roof gardens. A. Technology provides people with vegetables in roof gardens. B. Roof gardens are good places for people to grow vegetables. C. People can't grow vegetables in roof gardens without the help of technology D. No technology can help people to grow vegetables in roof gardens. 39. Stopping using private cars in urban areas is a good solution to many environmental problems. A. Many environmental problems can be solved by stopping using private cars in urban areas B. A solution to many environmental problems is to stop private cars. C. The best solution to stop using private cars is to solve environmental problems. D. Using private cars can stop many environmental problems 40. She's impressed with the art on the walls along the streets in this city. A. The arton the walls along the streets makes her impressive in this cy. B. The impression of the city is her art on the walls along the streets. C. The walls along the streets in this city are impressive art to her. D. The art on the walls along the streets in this city gives her an impression.