1. VOCABULARY UNIT 2: THE GENERATION GAP. st 9 ey A Tu a T TU VUNG PHIEN AM Loal NGHIA Generate rdgen.a rent! v__ | taora; phat ra Generator I'dgon.or.o1.te! n__| may phat dién 1 | Generation / d3en.e're1fen/ n | théhé Generational | /,dgen.¢rerfen.el/ adj | thude thé he Generation gap | /dgen.ererjen gep/ | np | khodng cach thé he Differ Idifel v_ | khéc > | Different I'dif.ent! adj | khéc nhau Difference I'drf.e.ens/ n__ | su khéc nhau Differentiate J.difa'ren fie v__ | phan biét Belief Tors n | niém tin, tin nguéng > | Beteve Iorliv v_ | tin wong Behave Jor hervi vj cuxir, déi xtr 4 | Behavior Ibrhet.vjer! n__ | hanh vi, cach cu xi Behavioral Ibr het.vjo.all adj | thude hanh vi Nuclear family | /nu-kli@ ‘faam.al.i/ np | gia dinh 2 thé hé (bd me va con 5 | Extended family | /sk stendrd ‘ferme. | np | ai) . dai gia dinh (gia dinh nhidu thé he) 5 | Argue Fa:rg jus Vv | tranh luan, bign Wan, phan 461 Argument Farrag je.ment! n__ | su cainhau, cudc tranh uén 7 | Gender Idgendal n__| gidng, gidi tinh 8 | Conflict kan fltkt/ n | surxung dét, cude xung dat 9 | Characteristic | / ker.ek.te'ns.tuk/ n | dacdiém 10 | Quality Pkwa.le.t/ n__ | chat lung, pham chat 11 |Breadwinner | /'bred win.o/ n | trucétgia dinh 4g | Common ?ka:mon/ ‘adj théng thudng, binh thyong, phd bién 13 | Influence rin.iu.ens/ n_ | sw anh huong 14 | Economic i ke'na: mak) adj | thudc vé kinh té Economical 1 .ke'na.mt.kell adj | tiét kigm Economy Jka ne.mil n | nén kinh t&Economics Ti_ka'na_miks! n | kinh té hoc Economist Jika:nemrstl nm | nha kinh t8 hoc Social I'sou fal! adj | c6 tinh chat xa hoi Sociable I'sou Ja.ball adj | dé chan hoa, dé hoa nhap 15 | Socialize I'sou Ja larz! v__ | xa hi hoa Society Ise'sar.o.ti/ n__ | x hi, tng lop, giai cdp xa héi Socialization —_| / sou Jal.e'zerJen/ n_ | su xa hdi hoa 16 | Experience ‘k'sprarians/ niv_ | kinh nghiém, su tig trai/trai qua 17 | Critical P'KTILLKal/ adj | phé phan, chi trich 18 | Thinker 161. ko! n_ | nha tu tuéng, nguéi suy nghi to | Curious I'kjor..es! adj to mo, ham hiéu biét Curiosity 1 kjesi'ar.sa.til n__ | tinh ham hidu biét, tinh ta ma 20 | Digital native / didg.1tel ‘nertiw/ np | chuyén gia vé ky thuat so Experiment ik’ sper.a.ment/ niv_ | cudc thiv nghiém, 24 cudc thi nghiém/ thi nghiém, thr nghiém 22 | Platform Spleet.forrm/ n | sn ga, bue, nén tang 23 | Hire Thar! v | thue Immigrate rima.grett! v_ | nhap cu 24 | Immigrant rim..grent! n__ | nguoi nhap cv Immigration Jima 'grer Jeni n | sunhap cv Individualism — | /in.de'vid3.u.e.lrze | n | chi nghia ca nhan 25 | Individual mi nladj | ca nhan/ mét minh; ring 16 Jan de’ vrd3.u.al/ 26 | Freedom ric.dem/ n__ | tinh trang tu do; quyén ty do Honesty Ta:.ne.stil n__| sw trung thuc; that tha 27 | Honest Yo: nist! adj | trung thy Dishonest Idr'sa:.nist! adj | khéng trung thuc Competition 1 ka'm pa tyf.an/ n_ | su-canh tranh, cudc thi dau Competitor ikem pet.ote/ n__ | déi thd canh tranh 28 | Competitiveness | /kem'pet.e.trv.nes! n__| tinh canh tranh, tinh dua tranh Compete Ikem'pic! v | canh tranh, dua tranh Competitive Ikem'pete.uv/ adj | canh tranh, cd swe canh tranh Il. STRUCTURESSIT CAU TRUC NGHIA Argue aboutfover sth Have arguments over/about sth with sb tranh Wan vé dibu gi d6 tranh wan v8 diéu gi voi ai 2 | Learn to do sth hoc cach lam gi 46 3 | Hold views about sth git? quan diém vé dieu gi 4 Wantsb to do sth muén ai lam diéu gi do 5 | Hope to do sth hi vong lam diéu gi 46 6 | Do the housework am vie nha 7 | Share one's views: cling chung quan diém 8 | Follow one’s dream theo dudi woe mo 9 | Give sb advice cho ai do loi khuyén 40 | Force sb to do sth &p ai lim didu gi dé 11 | Follow in one’s footsteps theo buoc, tiép boc ai 12 | Consist of bao gdm 13 | Belong to sb thudc vé ai dé 14. | Without + V-ingi ma khong c6 cai gi/lam gi do 15 | Deal with 6i pho, gidi quyét 16 Referto sth 8 cp toi cai ai 47 | Grow up lon lén, trwéng thanh 18 | Be prepared to do sth sn sang dé lam diéu gi do 19 | Try out kiém tra, thir xem cé hoat déng khong 20 | Be able to do sth 6 kha nang, nang lu lam gi 21 Suit one’s need pho hop voi nhu cau ctia ai do 22 | Be interested in sth/doing sth thich tha, quan tam voi cai gi/ lam cai gi 23. Rely on sb/sth phu thudc vao ail diéu gi 24 | Be on the scene c6 mat tai hign truéng 25. | Go through di qua, kiém tra ky, xem xét 26 | Complain about sth phan nan, khiéu nai vé diéu gi 27 | Be likely to do sth 6 kha nang sé lam didu gi dd 28 | Inaddition thém vao 46, ngoai ra 29 | Lead to sth dan dén diéu gi 30 | In conclusion két luan, tom lai 31 | Adapt to sth thich nghi véi digu gi32 Fail to do sth that bai khi lam gi 33. | Attitude to/toward(s) thai do vé diéu gi Ill. GRAMMAR (Modal verbs: MUST, HAVE TO. and SHOULD) 4. Chiing ta str dung must va have to dé ndi va su can thiét khi lam vic gi dé & hién tai Vi du: | musthave to go and got the kids from school. (Téi phai di dén bon tré & trvéng.) 2. Chting ta str dung have to dé ndi vé nghia vu/bdn phan trong qua khtr hodc tuong lai Vi du: John had to leave early for work this morning. (Sang nay John phai di am som) | will have to attend a meeting tomorrow afternoon. (T6i sé phai tham dur mét cuée hop vao chiéu mai.) 3. Trong tiéng Anh - Anh co su khac biét gitra must va have to. Must duoc ding 4é noi vé nhirng gi ngw6i noi hoac ngudi nghe muén hoac nghi la can thiét, va have to duoc dung dé noi vé cae quy tac, luat 1 va mong muén cua nguoi khac. Vi du: | must finish this essay today. I'm going out tomorrow. (761 phai hoan thanh bai lun nay ngay hém nay. T61 sé di chot vao ngay mai.) | have to finish this essay today. We have to hand them in tomorrow. (T6i phai hoan thanh bai ludn nay ngay hém nay. Chung ta phai ndp chung vao ngay mai) 4. Ching ta sir dung mustn’t dé thé hién sw viéc gi dé ma ching ta khéng duoc cho phép lam. Vi dy: You mustn't smoke in this area; it's strictly prohibited. (Ban khéng duoc hut thuée trong khu vure nay; no bi nghiém cam.) 5. Ching ta sir dung don’t have to dé néi rang viéc gi dé la khong can thiét. Vi du: They don't have to wear a uniform to this event; it's a casual gathering. (Ho khéng cén phai mac déng phue cho swe kién nay; dé la mét cudc tu hop binh thiréng.) 6. Chung ta str dung should va shouldn’t 48 dua ra Idi khuyén, loi d& nghi, hoac a8 xuat mét y kién vé vie gi dung hay sai Vi du: You should take the train instead of drivina to avoid traffic. (Ban nén di tau thay vi lai xe dé tranh ket xe.) IV. PRACTICE EXERCISES A. PHONETICS Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 1.4. extend B. between C. believe D. member 2.A. accept B. nuclear C. discuss D. include 3. A. consist B. also C. conclude D. common4.4 name B. gap C. same D. change 5.A. digital B. notice C. idea D. differ Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 1... device B. complain C. limit D. allow 2. A. parent B. upset C. laptop D. damage 3. A. teenager B. computer C. conclusion D. supporting 4. A. immigration B. economy C. experience D. society 5. A. behavior B. education C. economic D. generation B. VOCABULARY Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 1. Generation X experienced many social changes and developments in history, so they are always ready for changes. A. passed B. achieved C. witnessed D. underwent 2. These young people are critical thinkers because they achieved higher levels of education than previous generations A. positive B. analytical C. passive D. active 3. When working in a team, Millennials welcome different points of view and ideas from others. A. opinions B. behaviors C. places D. activities 4. They saw so many people lose their jobs so they think it is safer to be your own boss than relying on someone else to hire you. A. asking for B. trying out C. growing up D. depending on 5. They are very creative and able to experiment with platforms to suit their needs. A. test B. investigate C. determine D. manage Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 1. My parents limit the time | spend on electronic devices A. prevent B. reduce C. allow D. replace 2. Too much screen time can damage eyesight, reduce sleep time and cause weight gain A. enhance B. break C. injure D. ruin 3. Controlling the time the children spend on digital devices will ensure that they have time for homework and outdoor activities. A. Managing B. Maintaining C. Holding D. Freeing 4. The young accept American values such as individualism, freedom, honesty and competition. A. liberation B. release C. limitation D. delivery 5. Young people may not do what their parents want them to do or what they are expected to do Asa result, Asian American parents may fail to have their children follow the traditionA. succeed B. manage C. collapse D. argue Give the correct forms of words in brackets. 1. Generation gap is the (DIFFER) in beliefs and behaviors between young and old people. 2. Though people in a family understand each other well, daily (ARGUE) are unavoidable. 3. When we live with our extended family, we have to deal with (GENERATION) conflicts. 4. Each generation has its common characteristics that are influenced by social and (ECONOMY) conditions 5. Generation Y, referring to those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s, are (CURIOSITY) and ready to accept changes. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer 10 each of the following sentences. 1. Watching TV too much may to sleep and weight problems. A. cause B. lead C. result D. arrive 2. They often force their children their native country's cultural values A. to follow B. follow C. followed D. following 3. A traditional view is that men are the in the family. A. housewives B. housekeepers C. keys D. breadwinners 4. if you live in an extended family, you have to learn the differences between the generations A. accept B. to accept C. accepting D. accepted 5. Our parents always think we should follow our dreams and never ask us to follow in their A. footprints B feet C. footsteps D.footfalls 6. The advice that parents us is always helpful because they have experienced it fora long time A. take B. give C. make D. get 7. Some old people think women do all the housework. A. have to B. should C. need D. can 8. You must respect older people and you can lean some lessons from them A. value B. valueless C. valuable D. invaluable 9. Each generation comes with its which are influenced by the historical, economic and social conditions of the country they live in. A. values B. views C. behaviors D. characteristics 10. Children nowadays online and never know the world before digital and social media A. try out B. grow up C. go through D. rely on 11. Many young people are starting their own businesses and companies.A able to B. be likely to C. interested in D_ on the scene 12. Most of us can lots of things with our parents A. share B. complain C. belong D. suit 13. The young now want to make their own about their lives A. decide B. decisive C. decisions D. decided 14, She is not to become @ musician because her parents think it's not a good job. A. prepared B. let C. used D. allowed 15. No children want their parents to everything they do. A. worry B. control C. limit D. hire Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions. 1. Due to their different attitudes the new culture, Asian American children may have cultural values different from their parents’ Asian cultural values. 2. Living in an extended family, you have to deal __ many problems, especially differences between young and old people 3 the other hand, many first-generation Asian American parents fail to adapt to the new culture. 4. My grandparents hold traditional views male jobs and gender roles. 5. Children should ask their parents permission if they want to hang out with their friends Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 1, Parents always keep complaining to their children's clothes and hairstyles. A B c D 2. Young people can use apps and digital devices in creativity ways A B c D 3. | must clean my room every day because my mother forces me to do it A B c D 4. Millennials or generation Y refers those bom between the early 1980s and late 1990s. A B c D 5. They think that children have to respect their parents and grandparents. A BoC D Cc. GRAMMAR Choose the correct modal verbs to complete the sentences. 1. think you (should/must) apologize for your behavior, it was disrespectful 2. You (don't have to/mustn’t) bring any food to the party; well provide everything 3. Students (must/mustn't) use their cell phones during exams. t's against the rules. 4. We (don't have to/mustn't) forget to lock the doors before leaving the house5. You (should/musin't) go to bed early to get enough rest for tomorrow's exam 6. She will (have to/must) buy a new phone as her current one is not working properly. 7. We (don't have to/have to) pay our bills by the end of the month or they will cut off the electricity. 8. We (mustimustn’t) be at the airport at least two hours before our flight. 9. | think you (should/shouldn't) wear a helmet while riding a motorcycle for safety. 10. You (shouldn't/don't have to) eat too much junk food; it's not good for your health D. SPEAKING Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges. 1. Jane is on the bus. Jane: Would you mind if | sit here? The woman: A. No. Why not? B. Are you sure? C. Of course not. D. It is not good. 2. Sue and Jane are talking to each other. ‘Sue: Is it OK if | go to the library this afternoon? Jane: A. Do you go there often? B. Certainly. C. No one will go there D. Yes, I do. 3. Jane is taking a test in the class. Jane: Do you mind if | ask you a question? Teacher: A. Don't be quiet. B. Think about it carefully C. I think it’s good for you D. 'm sorry but that's not possible 4. Jane is talking to her mother. Jane: Mum, can | go to my friend’s house this weekend? Mother A. Certainly. Who is your friena? B. Where are you going? C. Yes. Who is coming? D. No worries. Who has ideas? 5. Jane is talking to her mother. Jane: Is it OK if stay the night at my friend's house? Mother: A. You can say that again B. I'm afraid not. You must be at home before 10. C. You are right. D. Just a good question.E. READING Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 10. The generation gap, which refers to the differences (1) values, beliefs, and behaviors between younger and older generations, can have significant negative effects on individuals and society as a (2) This divide often leads to a lack of understanding and communication between generations, resulting in (3) relationships, increased conflict, and societal fragmentation. According to a study (4) by the Pew Research Center in 2020, generational differences have been identified as a major source of tension and disagreement in areas (5) politics, social issues, and technology. The widening generation gap can (6) progress and cooperation, as each generation tends to prioritize its own perspectives and interests, (7) it challenging to find common ground. (8) , the lack of mutual understanding and respect can lead to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination, perpetuating intergenerational conflicts. It is crucial to bridge the generation gap (9) fostering open dialogue, promoting empathy, and encouraging intergenerational collaboration to create a harmonious and cohesive society. (10) acknowledging and addressing these negative effects can we hope to bridge the gap and cultivate a more inclusive and cohesive society for future generations (Adapted from "Family communication patterns and intergenerational ambivalence in young adults’ relationships" Forbes) 1.4. among B. in C. between D.of 2. A. result B. rule C. background D. whole 3. A. strained B. constrained C. trained D. restrained 4. A. conduct B. conducts C. conducting D. conducted 5. A. such as B. including C. comprising D. consisting of 6. A. hindrance B. hinder C_ hindsight D.hindmost 7.4. make B. made C. making D.to make 8. A. However B. Although C. Furthermore D. Therefore 9.4. by B. through C. with D.via 10. A. Only after B. Only if C. Only by D. Only when Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 17. In the past, the generation gap was quite distinct, with significant differences between older and younger generations in terms of values, beliefs, and lifestyles. Traditional values and conservative attitudes often dominated older generations, while younger generations sought more freedom, independence, and social change. Communication between generations was often limited, resulting in misunderstandings and conficts. However, in the present, the generation gap has undergone some transformations. With advancements in technology and rapid societal changes, the gap has narrowed in certain aspects. Today, older and younger generations have more opportunities to connect and understand each other.One major factor contributing to this change is the influence of technology. Older generations have become more tech-savvy, embracing smartphones, social media, and other digital platforms. This has opened up new avenues for communication and sharing experiences between generations. Additionally, younger generations have become more open to learning from the wisdom and experiences of their elders. Moreover, there is a growing recognition of the importance of intergenerational dialogue and understanding. Efforts are being made to bridge the gap through initiatives such as intergenerational activities, mentorship programs, and family bonding experiences. These initiatives foster mutual respect, empathy, and appreciation for the unique perspectives and contributions of each generation. While some differences siill exist, the present generation gap is characterized more by a blend of traditional values and modern ideas. Older generations can leam from the enthusiasm and fresh perspectives of the younger generation, while the younger generation can benefit from the wisdom and life experiences of their elders. In conclusion, the generation gap has evolved over time, with greater opportunities for communication and understanding between older and younger generations. By embracing technology, fostering intergenerational dialogue, and acknowledging the value of different perspectives, we can bridge the gap and foster harmony in our families, communities, and society as a whole. (Adapted from "Bridging the Generation Gap: How to Bring Different Generations Together", ‘Study.com) 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. The Challenges of the Generation Gap B. The Evolution of the Generation Gap C. The Generation Gap in Today's Society D. The Impact of Technology on the Generation Gap 12. The word "tech-savvy" in paragraph 3 probably means A. technologically challenged B. technologically enthusiastic C. technologically knowledgeable D. technologically illiterate 13. According to the passage, what has contributed to narrowing the generation gap in the present? A. Older generations’ acceptance of embracing technology B. Limited opportunities for intergenerational dialogue C. The influence of social media on younger generations D. The recognition of the importance of understanding between generations 14, It can be inferred from the passage that older generations have become more A. conservative in their values B. resistant to learning from younger generationsC. open to using technology D. isolated from their younger counterparts 15. The word "blend" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to A. mix B. union C. joint D. inclusion 16. According to the passage, efforts to bridge the generation gap include all of the following EXCEPT A. intergenerational activities B. mentorship programs C. family bonding experiences D. using less technology to communicate 17. What is the main message conveyed in the passage? A. The generation gap is wider now than it was in the past B. Technology has created more barriers between generations C. Understanding and communication between generations are key to bridging the gap. D. Traditional values and ideas have bocome obsolete in today's socioty. UNIT 2:15-MINUTE TEST |. Fill “must/ mustn't / have to / don’t have to / should / shouldn't” in the blanks. 1.It's 10 p.m.1 go home now. 2. Students wear uniforms on weekdays at school 3.1 be back home by 9 p.m. My parents let me decide what to do. 4.| think we stay out too late at night. It's dangerous 5. In Vietnam, all people drive on the right. 6. Young people give up some bad habits such as staying up late and spending too much time playing games 7. You wash all dishes but just enough for ten people. 8. Children obey their parents and try to study hard 9. You behave rudely to other people 10. They be at work before 7:50 and get ready for their work. I. Fill in the correct prepositions to complete sentences. 14. Young people are interested doing what they like. 12. These shoes belong my brothers. He collects shoes. 13. My child is good using electronic devices 14. Parents always complain their children's habits but still love them a lot. 15 addition, too much screen time is bad for teenagers’ healthUNIT 2: 45-MINUTE TEST Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 1... reduce B. support C. confuse D. music 2. A. women B. follow C. topic D. online Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 3. A. open B. parent C. decide D. differ 4. A. disagreement B. economist C. competition D. individual 5.A. digital B. quality C. essential D. immigrant Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 6. She's a sociable child wholll talk to anyone. A. friendly B. strict C. funny D. hard-working 7. She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. A. battle B. fight C. agreement D. disagreement Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the words) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences. 8. She answored all my questions with her usual honesty. | could soe it whan | looked at her. A. loyalty B. cheating C. trustworthiness _D. frankness 9. Everyone has the right to freedom of expression so parents should encourage their children to do that. A. independence B. flexibility C. power D. limitation Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences. 10. Children of Asian American adapt to American culture much faster than their parents. A. immigrate B. immigrants C. immigration D. immigrated 11. Some older people fail to to the new culture A. learn B. achieve C. change D. adapt 12. In some extended families, grandparents force their children and grandchildren traditional values. A. to follow B. follow C. following D. followed 13. Hoa lives in alan family that consists of her grandparents, parents and younger sister. A. traditional B. extended C. nuclear D. natural 14 The older usually has a more traditional view A. era B. family C. generation D. group 15. Teenagers often come into with their parents about career choices.A. argue B. argument C. argumentative D. arguing 16. You tidy up your bedroom. No one can clean it for you A. don't have to B. shouldn't C. mustn't D. must 17. Inthe past, grandmothers stay at home and do all the housework. A. hadto B. have to C. must D. should 18. My parents respect my choices. | mustn't follow their footsteps. A. for B.in C.to D.on 19. Some values such as individualism, freedom, honesty and are accepted by the younger generation now. A. compete B. competition C. competitive D. competitors 20. Scon a new generation, labeled Gen Alpha, will be the scene. A. off B. with C. about D.on 24 conditions of the country is a key which influences each generation's characteristics. A. Society B. Sociable C. Social D. Socialize 22 are people born in the era of technology and their lives relate to digital and social media A. Curious generations B. Immigrants C. Teenagers D. Digital natives Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in cach of the following questions. 23. My mother forces me to play the piano every day. | must do it or my mother gets angry. A B c D 24. Generation conflicts are unavoidable in the extended family, so you should accept that. A B Cc D 25. She usually has some arguments in small things with family members. A BC D READING Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30. The generation gap in Vietnam presents (26) challenges and opportunities. With the rapid development and globalization, younger generations in Vietnam often have different values, attitudes, and aspirations (27) to older generations. This can lead to communication and understanding gaps between them. (28) it also creates opportunities for mutual learning and growth. Younger generations bring fresh perspectives and ideas, while older generations offer wisdom and experience. (29) fostering open dialogue and embracing the diversity of viewpoints, Vietnam can (30) the positive aspects of the generation gap to drive social progress, economic development, and intergenerational harmony. (Adapted from “Intergenerational Relations and Family Changes in Vietnam”, Vnexpress)26 A. both B. either C. neither D. nor 27. A. comparing B. compared C. comparison D. compare 28. A. Since B. However C. Therefore D. Moreover 29. A.On B. In C. From D. By 30. A. bring B. earn C. hamess D. utilize Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35. The generation gap in the business world is a fascinating phenomenon that highlights the differences in attitudes, values, and approaches to conducting business between different generations. One of the key areas where the generation gap is evident is in technology adoption. Younger generations, such as Millennials and Generation Z, have grown up in the digital age and are generally more comfortable with technology. They readily embrace new tools, platforms, and digital strategies, which can significantly impact business practices, marketing strategies, and communication methods. Workiorce expectations also play a crucial role in the generation gap. Each generation has its own set of expectations when it comes to work-life balance, career progression, and job satisfaction. Younger generations often prioritize flexibility, purpose-driven work, and a healthy work-life balance. Meanwhile, older generations may place more emphasis on job stability, loyalty, and traditional career paths. Leadership styles are another area where the generation gap becomes evident. Baby Boomers and Generation X typically favor hierarchical structures and a more top-down management style. They are used to a more authoritative approach to leadership. Conversely, younger generations often prefer collaborative and inclusive leadership styles, valuing input from all levels of the organization. They thrive in environments that encourage participation, teamwork, and innovation. Communication preferences have also evolved with each generation. The way people communicate and consume information has drastically changed over the years. Younger generations are inclined towards instant messaging, social media, and other digital channels for communication. (Adapted from "Generation Gap at Work - Reshaping the Workplace") 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. The Impact of Technology on Business Practices B. The Generation Gap in Such a Technological Era C. Managing and Motivating Multi-Generational Workforce D. The Generation Gap and Its Effect on Leadership Styles 32. According to the passage, the younger generation A. prefer hierarchical structures in the workplace. B. value input from all levels of the organization C. prioritize traditional career paths. D. communicate primarily through traditional channels. 33. The word “they” in the first paragraph refers to A. younger generations B. Gen Z C. technology D. digital age 34. The word "thrive” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA. explode B. shrink C. succeed D fail 35. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. Younger generations are more comfortable with technology. B. Older generations prioritize flexibility and work-life balance C. Leadership styles vary between generations. D. Communication preferences have evolved over the years. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges. 36. Jack is talking to Peter. Jack: Teenagers shouldn't spend too much time watching online videos or playing games. Peter A. I think it's dood B. | can't agree with you more C. Im afraid not D. Do you mind that? 31. Jack is talking to Peter. Jack: Would you mind if | wrote about goneration gap issuos in your family? Peter: A. | don't have any ideas. B. The bigger the better. C. Please fee! free to do that D. Of course you will like it Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 38. | am not allowed to wear jeans or color my hair. A. | mustn't wear jeans or color my hair. B. | shouldn't wear jeans or color my hair. C. I must wear jeans or color my hair. D. | don't have to wear jeans or color my hair 39. | think it's necessary for you to go home right after you finish your work. A. You don't have to go home right after you finish your work B. You mustn't go home right after you finish your work. C. You should go home right after you finish your work. D. You must go home right after you finish your work. 40. If |were you, | would follow your father's advice A. You must follow your father's advice B. You should follow your father’s advice. C. You have to follow your father’s advice D. You shouldn't follow your father's advice