Growing Plants
Scientific terminology
Pollination:- The process of transfer of pollens from the anther to the stigma of the
same or another flower is called pollination.
Self Pollination- When the pollen grains transfer to the stigma of a same flower it is
called self pollination.
Cross- pollination- when pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of a different
flower it is called cross-pollination.
Pollination agent - I may occur because of wind, insects, birds or other animals.
These are called pollinating agents or pollinators.
Germination- The process by which a seed produces a baby plant or a seedling in
the presence of air, water and warmth is called germination.
Seed dispersal- Seeds Dispersal is a process by which seeds are scattered away from
the mother plant.
Vegetative Reproduction- The process in which new plants are grown from the parts of the
plant other than seed such as from stems, leaves and roots.
is called vegetative reproduction.
Answer the following questions.
Q. What is monocot and dicot seed ?
Answer-
Monocot seeds- Seeds such as maize, Rice and wheat that have only one seed leaf
are called monocot seeds.
Dicot seeds- Seeds with two seed leaves such as gram , bean and pea are called
dicot seed.
Q. Define the Structure of a seed .
Answer-
Structure of a Seed- A seed has three main parts, namely:
1. Seed coat-
• the seed has a thin skin-like covering. This is called
the seed coat.
• It protects the seed along with the embryo inside.
• It has a tiny pore which allows water and air to enter.
• The seed coat can be thin and soft as in beans or thick and
hard as in coconut seeds.
2. Seed leaves or cotyledons- On removing the seed coat we will be able to see
two seeds leaves or cotyledons. Which store food for the embryo.
3. Baby plant or embryo- The embryo is located between the two seed leaves.
Q. What are the speciality of the seeds disperse by Wind, Water , animal and Explosion.
Ans-
Seeds disperse by Wind are-
• Light in weight
• Presence of wings
• Presence of hair like structure
Examples- Cotton, dandelion, drumstick and milk weed
Seeds disperse by water are-
• Seeds of plants that grow in or near the water bodies are
dispersed by water.
• Seeds are usually hollow which allows them to float on water.
Examples- water lily, coconut and lotus fruit are dispersed by water.
Seeds disperse by animals are-
• Human beings and animals eat fruits and throw away the seeds or it comes out of their
digestive system through excreta.
• plants such as burdock and sea holly have a hook-like structure on their seeds. These get
attached to the skin of animals and dispersed in distant places.
Seeds disperse by explosion are-
• Plants like peas, cotton and beans have pods that explode
when they ripen.
Examples- Pea, beans
Q: Name any three things that a seed requires to germinate.
ANSWER : The three things that a seed requires to germinate are –
1. Air
2. Water
3. Warmth.
Q: Explain, with examples, the different parts of a plant from which
new plants can grow.
ANSWER : The different parts of the plants from which a new plant can grow are the following
–
1. FROM ROOTS – Some plants store food in their roots, so the new plants can grow from the
roots of these plants. For e.g. – carrot, radish, beetroot, turnip, dahlia, money plant.
2. FROM STEM – Some plants like potato have buds called eyes on their surface. A bud can
grow into a new plant. Some plants rose, hibiscus and money plant can grow a new plant
with their stem cuttings.
3. FROM LEAVES – Some leaves like bryophyllum have buds on their margins when these
leaves fall down on a moist soil the bud can grow into a new plant.
4. Through spores- Mosses and ferns reproduce with the help of spores, because they do not
have flowers and therefore no seeds.
HOMEWORK
Q. Draw and explain different parts with function of a flower? (Use your EVS Textbook for writing
Answer. Answer should write in points.)
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