INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compilled by Lic.

Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

LESSON 4

Computer Capabilities and Limitations

4.1 This is a computer. (Draw the mouse and the speakers)

processor Screen

keyboard mouse

The computer is an electronic device. It is a very important instrument. It has speed and accuracy.

TASK 1- Read the text and fill in the gaps with these words: typewriter, brain, mouse, TV screen, printer.

The monitor is like a 1………………………… It displays the things you type on the keyboard. The processor is the important part of the
computer. It is the 2………………………… of the computer. The keyboard is like a 3…………………………. It introduces the
information to the computer. The computer has also a 4………………………… and a 5…………………………

TASK 2 - Read the text again and match the words that are similar in meaning.

a. Computer ………exact
b. Device ………show
c. Speed ………machine
d. Accuracy ………digit
e. Display ………velocity
f. Type …a…ordenador

TASK 3 - Make answers from Exercise 1. Write: Yes, it is or No, it isn’t

1. Is the computer an electronic machine? Yes, it is__________

2. Is the processor an important part of the keyboard? ……………………………………
3. Is the computer mouse an animal? ……………………………………
4. Is the keyboard a typewriter? ……………………………………
5. Is the printer part of the computer? ……………………………………
6. Is the monitor like a brain of the computer? ……………………………………

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compilled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

TASK 4 - Change these affirmative sentences into negative sentences.

1. The computer is an electric machine. The computer isn’t an electric machine

2. The windows program is the window of a house. ………………………….……………………
3. The computer mouse is an animal. ………………………….……………………
4. The monitor is a TV screen. ………………………….……………………
5. The printer is part of the keyboard. ………………………….……………………
6. The screen is like a brain of the computer ………………………….……………………

GRAMMAR POINT - Singular and Plural Nouns.

Singular means 1, plural means 2 or more.

1. Add –s to most of the words 3. Drop the y and add –ies

Computer computers Memory memories
Printer printers City cities
Headphone headphones
4. Irregulars
2. Add – es Mouse mice
Watch watches Person people
Box boxes Child children
Man men
Woman women

In English, adjectives do not have plurals. Do not say, We are intelligents. We say, We are intelligent.

TASK 5 - Write the plural of the following words:

1. Keyboard ………………………….. 6.bulb …………………………..

2. webcam ………………………….. 7. country …………………………..
3. child ………………………….. 8. speech …………………………..
4.microphone ………………………….. 9.mouse …………………………..
5.policeman ………………………….. 10. monnitor …………………………..

TASK 6 - Write the following sentences in plural.

1. The computer is fast. The computers are fast.

2. Her child is a student. ……………………………………………………………….
3. Our secretary is very efficient. ……………………………………………………………….
4. The young man is impolite. ……………………………………………………………….
5. My office is clean. ……………………………………………………………….

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compilled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

4.2 Limitations of a Computer System:

Although a computer is far better in performance than a human being, it fails in certain ways as follows:

• Computers can’t Think: Computers cannot think and they can’t do any job unless they are first programmed
with specific instructions for same. They work as per stored instructions. Algorithms are designed by humans to
make a computer perform a special task. This is also called artificial intelligence.
• Computers can’t Decide: Computers are incapable of decision making as they do not possess the essential
elements necessary to take a decision i.e. knowledge, information, wisdom, intelligence and the ability to judge.
• Computers can’t Express their Ideas: In any type of research ideas plays a vital role. In this context, computers
can’t express their ideas.
• Computers can’t Implement: Though computers are helpful in storage of data and can contain the contents of
encyclopedias even, but only humans can decide and implement the policies.

TASK 7 - Input/Output - Write in the gaps which items are INPUT or OUTPUT devices.

1. Monitor ___________________
5. Mouse ___________________
2. Keyboard _____________
6. Speakers ___________________
3. Scanner _________
7. Digital camera ___________________
4. Laser Printer ________
8. Pen drive ___________________
4.3 What’s Inside a Computer?

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer from the box. Some may be used more than once or not at all.

CPU BIOS power supply hard drive network card Motherboard

RAM USB Port ROM video card

1. I connect computers and allow them to talk to each other. _________________________

2. I wake up the computer and remind it what to do. _________________________

3. I am the brain of the computer. _________________________

4. Information is stored on my magnetic cylinders. _________________________

5. I hold all of the other circuit boards. _________________________

6. I handle the graphics that are displayed on the monitor. _________________________

7. I am the type of port used by flash drives _________________________

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compilled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

4.4 Storage - Fill in the blanks with the vocabulary words from the box. Use each word only once.

information primary flash drive CD DVD secondary

1. _________________________memory is stored on chips located on the motherboard.

2.__________________________memory is stored on the hard drive.

3. A _________________________can hold information greater than a CD or DVD.

4. A _________________________usually holds up to 650 to 700 MB.

5. A _________________________holds even more information at least 7 GB.

6. The purpose of storage in a computer is to hold _________________________ or data

4. 5 Demonstrative Adjectives

SINGULAR PLURAL
This - éste, ésta These - estos, estas
(cerca) (cerca)
That - ese, esa Those - esos, esas
(lejos) (lejos)
That ( over there) - Those ( over there) -
aquel, aquella aquellos, aquellas
(muy lejos) (muy lejos)

Exercises

Choose the correct Demonstrative Adjective.

1. We’re going to program _____ morning. this that

2. Where are _____ students going right now? that those
3. Can I have a look at _____ computers? that those
4. Let’s go to _____ new club in the centre. this that
5. _____ posters you gave me look great on my wall. these those
6. Look at _____ keyboard over here. this that
7. We’ll have to do some work now; _____ isn’t a holiday, you know. this that
8. Hi Stuart, _____ is my friend Sylvie. this it

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

LESSON 5 TYPE AND CLICK

5. 1 Complementary parts

5.2 Vocabulary – Find a brief definition of the words below, then translate it.

1 A device that converts signals produced by one type of device (such as a

Modem computer) to a form compatible with another (such as a telephone) and that is
used specially to transmit and receive information between computers via
landlines.
2 6 DOF IMU

3 AIRSPEED PORT

4 ALTITUDE PORT

5 ANALOG INPUT
PORT

6 GPS PORT

7 PROGRAMMING
AND IO PORT

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

8 SERVO PORT

9 POWER AND
CURRENT SENSE
PORTS

5.3 Writing Different conversations

Questions about Computers: Entertainment

1. Do you play computer games in your computer? …………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Do you download movies or music from the Internet? …………………………………………………………………………….
3. Do you use your computer to check or update your social media profiles? ……………………………………………..
4. Do you usually store movies and music in your computer? ………………………………………………………………………
5. Do you use your computer to play video games? …………………………………………………………………………………….
6. What are some advantages of using social networks? ……………………………………………………………………………..

5.4 Grammar Past: Simple past: Regular and Irregular

Brief History of Internet

The Internet concept was first coined through networking by J C R Liklider in 1962 which initially termed as
Galactic network which was used to interconnect a set of computers for accessing data and programs. Since
then, DARPA or Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency concept came into existence and finally ARPANET
where the first host Computer was connected. The ARPANET or Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
was used earlier as a networking technology for first email or electronic mail messaging service. Finally,
ARPANET became the Internet which works on multiple independent networks with its network architecture
design. The packet switching method also introduced between networks that makes data communication from
one place to another easy.

On October 24, 1995 the FNC or Functions file in a neural network application passed a resolution proposing the
term as Internet with various members of Internet and intellectual property communities. The resolution passed
states that Internet is a global information system which is logically linked by global unique space address based
on IP or Internet Protocol and support communications using TCP or Transmission Control Protocol. It also states
that it provides the users accessible to all the services privately or publicly for communications. Since then, with
large evolution and technology the networking concept has changed. There came peer to peer, client/server
model and more that allows connecting personal computers to a network. Physical cables, telephone wires,
networking devices, LAN or local-area network, WAN or wide-area network and various others also came into
existence to the new generation that distribute the networks globally. There are various connection types like
wired, wireless, 2G, 3G and 4G, LTE or Long-Term Evolution that leads to increase the network capacity overall.

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

TASK 1 – Read the article and find the meaning of the following words.

DARPA
ARPANET
EMAIL
FNC
IP
TCP
LAN
WAN
4G
LTE

TASK 2 – Read the article and find the past of the following verbs

1. be was______ 2. coin ………………………….. 3. term ………………………….

4. use ………………………….. 5. come ………………………….. 6. connect ………………………….
7. become ………………………….. 8. introduce ………………………….. 9. pass ………………………….
10. link ………………………….. 11. base ………………………….. 12. change ………………………….
TASK 3 – Read the text about Steve Jobs and fill in the gaps with a suitable verb in the past.

WHO WAS STEVE JOBS?

Said discovered skipped died had(x2) dropped out

returned began graduated travelled wanted created
found was (x5) learned liked finished got
married made

Do you have an iPAD, iPHONE, a smartwatch or a Mac computer? If you

don´t, you probably know someone who has one or wants one! Steve
Jobs ………created..... the company – Apple – that ………………………………..
these things that are now such an important part of the lives of millions
of people.

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

He ………………………………..born on February 24, 1956, in San Francizco California. When he

………………………………..a boy he ……………………………….. a special hobby: he ……………………………….. to take
apart televisions and put them back together again. He ……………………………….. a very good student in
school and even ……………………………….. a grade. After he ……………………………….. grade four, he went into
grade six, and in 1972, when he ……………………………….. seventeen, he ……………………………….. from high
school. He then ……………………………….. his studies in Reed College, in Portland, Oregon, but
………………………………..after six months. Deciding to quit was not at all easy. It
………………………………..difficult, but as Jobs later ……………………………….. ¨I ………………………………..no idea
what I ……………………………….. to do with my life. ¨two years later in 1974, he ………………………………..to
India and while there he ……………………………….. Buddhism.

After Steve jobs ……………………………….. to the USA, he ……………………………….. a job as a video game
designer at a company called Atari, and two years after that, in 1976, when he was only twenty ‘one
years old, he created his own company – Apple Computer – with his friend, Steve Wozniak. Steve jobs
……………………………….. later in 1991 and had four children. Unfortunately, doctors
……………………………….. that he had cancer in 2003 and in 2011 he ……………………………….. at the age of
only 56.

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

LESSON 6 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Hardware
Computer hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer and related devices. Internal hardware devices
are often referred to as components such as: motherboards, hard drives and RAM. External hardware devices
are usually called peripherals and include monitors keyboard, mouse, printers, and scanners. Also, Hardware is
sometimes used as a term collectively describing the physical aspects of telephony and telecommunications
network infrastructure.

Therefore, hardware is what you can actually touch, like disks, the monitor, mouse, cables, pages, ink, disk
drives, display screens, circuits, cabinet, keyboards, printers, boards, webcam, chips, etc.

Types of hardware

1. Basic hardware – They are important devices for the computer to work appropriately, such as:
motherboard, monitor, keyboard and mouse.

2. Complementary hardware – They are additional devices which have specific functions such as:
scanner, printer, webcam, etc

Task 1- Which from the following are parts of the hardware? Put a tick () next to the ones you think are
correct.

1. Keyboard ………… 6. Ideas ………… 11. ink …………

2. Symbols ………… 7. webcam ………… 12. icons …………
3. Chips ………… 8. adobe reader 9………… 13. disks …………
4. Microphone………… 9. mouse ………… 14. Wires …………
5. Windows xp………… 10. concepts ………… 15. media gallery…………

Software

The term software was first used by John W. Tukey in 1957. A computer without software is like a book full of
blank pages -- you need software to make the computer useful just as you need words to make a book
meaningful. Software is untouchable, it exists as words, sentences, paragraphs, ideas, concepts, and symbols,
but it has no substance.

The distinction between software and hardware is sometimes confusing because they are so integrally linked.
Clearly, when you purchase a program, you are buying software. But to buy the software, you need to buy the
disk (hardware) on which the software is recorded.

Software is often divided into three categories:

• System software : Includes the operating system, device drivers, diagnostic tools, correction and
optimization tools, servers and all the utilities that enable the computer to function.

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

• Programming software: The set of tools that allow the programmer to develop software using different
programming languages and alternatives. These include mainly: text editors, compilers, interpreters
linkers, debuggers.

• Application software : Includes programs that do real work for users. For example, word processors,
office applications, educational software, telecommunications(internet), video, medical software,
numerical calculation software and symbolic, software-aided design (CAD), CNC software (CAM),
spreadsheets, business software, and database management systems.

Task 2 - From English into Spanish. Translate the three categories in your notebook.

• Software de sistema:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

• Software de programación:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
• Software de aplicación:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

GRAMMAR POINT

AUXILIARY VERB DO / DOES

• We use this auxiliary verb in simple present tense.

• We use DO with the pronouns I, you, we and they.
• We use DOES with he, she and it.

Question Positive Statement (spoken) Negative Statement (spoken)

Singular
Do I? I file documents I do not (I don't) file documents
Do you? You file documents You do not (You don't)
Does he/she/it? He/she/it files documents He/she/it does not (He/she/it doesn't)
Plural
Do we? We file documents We do not (We don't)
Do you? You file documents You do not (You don't)
Do they? They file documents They do not (They don't)
Exercises - Complete with: do, does, doesn’t, don’t

1. _______ you play computer games? Yes, _______________________

2. He ___________ work for Computec, he works for Etac.
3. We ___________ study engineering. We study telecommunications.
4. __________ they program educational software? No, _______________
5. __________ Peter have the information that we have on our computer network? Yes, ______________
6. __________ your cell phone have all the applications you need? No, _____________________
7. I__________ have a desktop computer at home.
8. She __________ browse the internet everyday, because she is very busy.
9. ____________ it work properly? Yes, ____________________
10. ____________ print this picture!

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

LESSON 7 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

Central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of the following features −

• CPU is considered as the brain of the computer.

• CPU performs all types of data processing operations.
• It stores data, intermediate results, and instructions (program).
• It controls the operation of all parts of the computer.

CPU itself has following three components.

• Memory or Storage Unit

• Control Unit
• ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)

7.1 Memory or Storage Unit

This unit can store instructions, data, and intermediate results. This unit supplies information to other units of
the computer when needed. It is also known as internal storage unit or the main memory or the primary storage
or Random Access Memory (RAM).

Its size affects speed, power, and capability. Primary memory and secondary memory are two types of
memories in the computer. Functions of the memory unit are −

• It stores all the data and the instructions required for processing.
• It stores intermediate results of processing.
• It stores the final results of processing before these results are released to an output device.
• All inputs and outputs are transmitted through the main memory.

Control Unit - This unit controls the operations of all parts of the computer but does not carry out any actual
data processing operations. Functions of this unit are:

• It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and instructions among other units of a computer.
• It manages and coordinates all the units of the computer.
• It obtains the instructions from the memory, interprets them, and directs the operation of the
computer.
• It communicates with Input/Output devices for transfer of data or results from storage.
• It does not process or store data.

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit). This unit consists of two subsections namely,

• Arithmetic Section
• Logic Section

Arithmetic Section - Function of arithmetic section is to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division. All complex operations are done by making repetitive use of the above operations.
Logic Section - Function of logic section is to perform logic operations such as comparing, selecting, matching,
and merging of data.
ACROSS
GRAMMAR POINT - PASTE TENSE – Read the clues and fill in the missing Yesterday, I …
Verbs. 1. ___ muy lunch at work
4. ___ to do my homework
6. ___ the answer to the question
9. ___ am e-mail to my friend
11. ___ at a bus stop for 10 minutes
12. ___ my favourite magaine
15. ___ a mistake on a test
17. ___ a picture of a tree
19. ___ the pen. I still have it.
23. ___ ten dollars at a store.

g 24. ___ a ball at the park

26. ___ in an airplane
28. was late, but they ____ on time
29. ___ my car to a park

DOWN
1. ___ an egg on the floor
2. ___ about a difficult problem.
3. ___ to the library to read a book.
5. ___ my little brother to a cinema.
7. ___ the blue pen, not the red
one.
8. ___ a baby in my armas.
10. ___ a sock under my bed.
11. ___ in a swimming pool.
12. ___ my bicycle to school
13. ___ a glass of arange juice.
14. ___ my homework
16. didn´t ___ breakfast
18. ___ a story about princess.
20. ___ my key. i couldn´t find it.
21. ___ my brother´s cookie.
22. ___ my brother´s cookie.

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 INSTITUTO TÉCNICO JESÚS – MARIA 1 Compiled by Lic. Alba Colque Miranda

Oruro – Bolivia TELECOMMUNICATIONS ING-105

7.2 Computer Classification

Computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though there is considerable
overlap.

Vocabulary

Exercise 1: Look up in your dictionary the following words:

1. single = simple, único 6. supporting = ………………….

2. in addition = ………………….. 7. hundreds = ………………….
3. display = …………………. 8. many = ………………….
4. more = …………………. 9. can = ………………….
5. capable = …………………. 10. perform = ………………….

Exercise 2: Read the passage carefully and match the following words to a definition: mainframe,
workstation, supercomputer, minicomputer, personal computer

• …………………………..: a small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor. In addition

to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a keyboard for entering data, a monitor for
displaying information, and a storage device for saving data.

• …………………………..: a powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal

computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality monitor.

• …………………………..:a multi-user computer capable of supporting from 10 to hundreds of

users simultaneously.

• …………………………..: a powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many

hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously.

• …………………………..: an extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of

instructions per second.

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