Reported speech | Speechiesst by Lucy Hardy | That's whet | was when | met my favourite film star in person! | was buying a magazine with my friend, Sophie, when | saw Daniel! "| Radcliffe standing nex to me, | almost fainted! Sophie, who's better at these things than | am, asked Daniel if he could give us his, 44] autograph and Daniel said he'd be glad to. He had some photos on him, but he didn’t have a "| pen so he asked me if | had one. | was 80 thrilled to see him that although | opened and closed my mouth, no words came out! Daniel asked if | was OK and Sophie said that | usually didn't know when to stop talking. She added that tt was the first time she had seen ma speechless. Daniel laughed, signed the photos for us and waved goodbye. | don't know how lang | just stood there, unable to move, | tok! Sophie that | couldn't believe what: had just happened. Well, at least Ive got the photo to prove it! So ae @ complete the table. Ce ‘Christina said, I know him.” Christina... (that) she knew him. Dan soid to me, ‘I answered the phone.’ Dan told me (that) he hod . Lucy told Sophie, ‘I can’t believe it!’ Lucy told Sophie (that) she couldn’t Hats, it. ‘The policeman said to the driver, ‘Stop to stop the car!” She said to us, ‘Don't be late, please.” | said, ‘Where did you find this?” My friend asked, ‘Did you see the last My friend asked (me) if/ whether I had... episode of the series yesterdoy” the last episode of the series the day before. 106@ Read the information. Direct speech Reported speech We use direct speech when we want to tell ‘Statements someone what a third person has soid using the We use reported speech when we want to tell exact words. By doing this we ‘quote’ what this someone what a third person has said but person has said. without using the exact words. We use a reporting verb ond quotes (‘ '). The We use @ reporting verb but we do not use most common reporting verbs are say ond ask. quotes. The most common reporting verbs in Ed said, | play volleyball every week.’ reported statements are say and tell. WWe can They asked ‘Where is the teacher’s office?” use the word that to introduce the reported sentence if we like. He said, ‘I'm having a good time.” (direct speech) He said (that) he was having a good time. ‘(reported speech) What changes from direct to reported statements? *+ The reporting verb. Dae eal Fe ake John said (that) he was tired. (reporting verb without indirect object) John told me (that) he was tired. (reporting verb with indirect object) John said, ‘Iam tired.’ John said to me, ‘I am tired.” * Personal pronouns, object pronouns and possessive adjectives. Al changes are made according to who is talking about whom. For example: Creed George said to me, ‘I like you’ (subject pronoun) (object pronoun) Kate said, ‘ My room is a mess!” (possessive adjective) epee George told me he liked me. Kate said (that) her room was a mess. [ee eS ee a + Verb tenses. We change verb tenses when the reporting verb is in the post simple. We do this because we are ‘now at a different point in time from when the actual words were spoken. For example: Pied Ce el Lost Saturday, Peter soid, ‘I’m going to | Last Saturday Peter said (that) he wos the cinema.” going to the cinema. At the time we are speaking, Saturday is in the past. We have to change the tense to show this, You will find a table that shows how tenses change from direct to reported speech on poge 108. 107Present simple Harry said, ‘Som eats everything. Present continuous ‘Anna said, ‘I'm working late.” Past si Fiona soid, ‘It rained all day! Past continuous Dan said, ‘We were listening to music.” When / while with past simple and Past continuous ‘Vicky sdid, ‘I was cooking when the phone rang.” Present perfect simple Jomes seid, ‘| have read the book.’ Present perfect continuous Nadia soid, ‘I've been studying oll morning.” Past simple ‘Tom soid, ‘We had already left.” Past perfect continuous Susan said, "| had been running.” will David said, ‘She'll call us.” ‘am / are / is going to Cloire said, “They're going to sing.” Infinitive with or without to {an said, ‘t's sily not to go.” Modal verbs may / might Fred said, ‘lt may not be easy,” can / could ‘Chris said, “You can leave.’ should Martha soid, ‘We should pay.” must / have to Eddie said, ‘The door must close.” ough to Mark said, ‘I ought to do it.’ 108 Past simple Harry said (that) Sam ate everything, Past continuous ‘Anna scid (that) she was working late. Past perfect simple Fiona said (that) it had rained oll day. Past perfect continuous Dan scid (that) they had been listening to music. No change Vicky said (that) she was cooking when the phone rang.” Past perfect simple James said (that) he had read the book. Past perfect continuous Nodia said (thot) she had been studying all morning. No change Tom soid (that) they had already left. No change Susan said (that) she had been running. would Dovid said (that) she would call them. was / were going to Claire said (that) they were going to sing. No change lon said (that) it was silly not to go. might Fred said (that) it might not be easy. could ‘Chris said (that) we could leave. should Martha said (that) they should poy. had to Eddie said (that) the door had to close. ought to Mark said (that) he ought to doit.+ Time expressions, adverbs of place and some verbs that show movement. ‘Again, these changes are made to reflect the difference in time and place between direct —=@ speech (when the words were actually spoken) and reported speech (when and where the person who reports these words is ot the moment), Pier eee now then Willicm said, ‘'m leaving now.’ William soid (that) he was leaving then. today, tonight that day, that night ‘Julie said, ‘It’s hot tonight.’ Julie said (that) it was hot that night. yesterday Jack said, I saw Jools yesterday,” the day before / the previous day Jock said (thot) he hod seen Jools the day before / the previous day, last week / month / year Harry said, ‘I talked to her last week.’ tomorrow Oliver said, ‘The concert is tomorrow.’ the week / month / year before, the previous week / month /, scid (that) he hod talked to her the week before / the previous week. =i the next day / the following day Oliver said (that) the concert was the next day / the following day, next week / month /year Jen said, ‘ll see you next year!” the following week / month / year Jen said (that) she would see us the following year. this / these + noun George said, “This book is interesting.” that / those + noun , the + noun ‘George said (that) that book was interesting. George scid the book was interesting, this / these it/they Pau sc, ‘These ore very nica’ Pd ace (thot thou wea vary em! here there Syjvia said, ‘tive here.” Syjvia said (that) she lived there. come go Beth soid, ‘ll come!” Beth said (that) she would go. is) Other reporting verbs point out ‘There are various other reporting verbs we con Sam pointed out that it was already too late tp go use instead of say or tell depending on the out. ‘mecning we want to add to the reported a eee areca nae Eleanor remarked that the new car wasn't as add comfortable as the old one. ‘Adam said that he wes hoppy to be there. He 7 ‘added that it was the first time he had ever visited their country. Vicky whispered that we should all be quiet in the library, Henry yelled that everything was OK down there. 109110 Neourun— Srarnecurwn— Complete with said or told. lan said that he had bought the tickets. g They , ‘itis a Wonderful day.’ Meported speech He veto her, ‘This is where I ive.” aa ale Paul her that the sports centre was closed. OU You me that it was a good film. My friends. me, ‘You're crazy to do this!” Betty to her teacher, ‘| haven't got a pen.’ Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. Kenneth said, ‘I'll be at Jims.” Kenneth said that he would be at Jim’s. ‘Tom said, ‘Tina is waiting for me outside.’ Fred said, ‘| only watch TV at the weekend,’ Mum said, ‘The washing machine isn’t working,’ Evelyn said, ‘I'm going to buy ¢ new car.” Samantha soid to us, ‘I am twelve years old.” Joe said to his brother, ‘I broke the window.” Dan scid, ‘I have ordered pizza.” Mark said to me, ‘I've been painting my room.” Ryon said, ‘We will have a great time at the party.’ Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. The teacher said to us, “You should finish the project as soon as possible.” The teacher told us that we should finish the project as soon as possible Dd sold to my brother, ‘You oughe to be ashamed of what you've done!” She said to him, "You can stay as long as you like” They said, ‘It may be a long time before you see the results.” Michael said, ‘We could go to the theatre together.’ Our conch said, ‘We must win this game! Adrian said to me, "You might have a chance to meet the President.’ Circle the correct answer. lan said that he would go to France Fred asked, ‘Will you give me a ring ' They said that they / these were the wrong books. Peter said to lan, ‘Hi, | am here / there!” Tina said that she had seen the dentist thélimionth before / last month. Lee told me that they kept all their junk in here / there. When I met Kim, she said that Bob didn't look well today / that day. | said, Im going to look for a new job miext week / the following week.’“mens I@ _ Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. Use the reporting verb given. “The picnic is tomorrow." (point out) Pam pointed out, that the pione, “We should all be very quiet.” (whisper) ‘These shoes look very uncomfortable.’ (add) ‘We must wear our badges all the time. (reimark) ‘No one is allowed to come in here!’ (yell) ‘They will visit us ogain next year.’ (say) ‘Ilearned how to play tennis last yeor. (point out) ‘I didn’t go out of the house yesterday,’ (remark) “This is @ horrible thing to happen.” (say) 10 Harry: ‘I'm doing my homework now.’ (add) Sweveurwn — |@ Read the information. ‘When we want to report whole paragraphs, wedon’t use a reporting verb before each sentence. ‘We usually join sentences tht are relevant with end or becouse. This way we only use a reporting verb in the first sentence. ‘He soid that the museum was wonderful ond that we should visit it one day. ‘She said she would have to leave early because she wos very tired. ‘We also try to use as many different reporting verbs as we can to avoid repetition. 1@ _ Read. Then report what Mr Gordon said, using the words given. Mr Gordon, our PE teacher, has just returned from a skydiving holiday in America. Read all about his thriling experience! "Skydivers have to be eighteen or older.” 1 Mr Gordon Said that sky divers had to be {said) They should be very fit.’ end) eighteen oor older and that. they should be “The equipment can only weigh around very fit, 15 kilos,’ fadded) He added that “Each skydiver has two psrachutes. he is the main canopy and the ather is Meco iodine the reserve parachute.’ (told mo) “At one point: | was falling at a speed of 120 mph.” (said) “At that speed | couldn't breathe,’ (end) ‘Skydivers don't suffocate’ [pointed out) “Their body absorbs oxygen through the skin at that pressure.” (because) "I didnt land like @ sack of flour as | had expected.’ (remarked) "The landing was quite smooth.” (and) “it was @ great experience!’ (add) i'm looking forward to my next jump {and}© 112 Read the information. Reported speech ‘Commands and requests = In direct speech, we use the imperative to order someone to do something (command) ‘or ask someone to do something (request). Pada What changes from direct to reported commands and requests? + The verbs we use to introduce reported ‘commands are tell and order. The verbs ‘We use to report o request are ask and in some cases beq if itis appropriate. We do not use soy, Peer The guard said to us, Stop!" ‘The guard ordered us to stop. ‘The parking attendant scid to him, ‘The parking attendant told him not to park | ‘Don't park here!” there. Oliver said to Mary, ‘Please close the door’. The verb form Create ‘The captain said to his crew, ‘Start getting ready!” Sondra said to them, ‘Don't walk on the carpet with your shoes on!" Olver asked Mary to close the door. + When we report a command or request the imperative changes into the infinitive. eee ‘The captain ordered his crew to stort getting ready. ‘Sandra told them not to walk on the carpet with with their shoes on. Choose the correct reporting verb and rewrite the sentences in reported speech. Pater sod to Lucy, ‘Give me my MP3 player bock! Peter told Lucy #2 give him his MP3 player back, Kate said to me, ‘Please don’t tell anyone about it” ‘Tom said to Jen, ‘Stop being so silly and listen to me!” The policeman said to the man, ‘Don't move!’ Beth said to Lucy, ‘Call me back later, please." Nick scid to his father, ‘Please lend me your camera!” ‘The teacher said to us, ‘Open your books to page 45." Ryan said to her, ‘Turn down the music, please.” ‘The man said to the dog, ‘Don't touch the food!" ‘The sergeant said to the soldier, ‘Come with me!’ told / asked ordered / asked * told / asked ordered / asked told / asked ordered / asked told / asked told / asked ordered / asked ordered / askedmone a Read the information. + Words like please, exclamation marks and * Direct requests ore made in aitterent ways, any words we use to add colour or emphasis but they are always reported the same way, to direct speech are omitted in reported ‘Could you do me a favour?” speech. “Will yous de me o fowour?® ‘She asked me to do her a favour. Rewrite the sentences using the words given. Mr Horton said to his son, ‘Sit down and do your homework!” ordered Mr Horton ordered his son to sit down and do hiphoriewarte: Beth said to Peter, ‘Could you bring me some paper?” asked Beth asked Peter to bring her sap! Denise soid to her mum, ‘Please let me go on the school trip.’ asked Denise . ‘on the school trip. Fred said to me, ‘Will you put these bottles on thesracyeling bin?” sacked Fred in the recycling bin. Mr Hardy said to Lucy, ‘Do what | say, young miss!" told Mr Hardy said. Grandma Hardy said to Peter, ‘Will you open the door, please?” asked Grandma Hardy cosesteeeeeesssees the door. Sue said to her brother, ‘Lend me ten pounds, please.’ asked Sue ten pounds. Read the information. Reported speech Questions ‘What changes from direct to reported questions? + The reporting verb. ‘The verbs we use to introduce reported questions are ask, want to know and wonder. Dre cy Reported speech John scid to me, ‘Are you OK?" John asked if | was OK. She said, ‘Who is that man?” She wanted to know who that man was. He said, ‘Will it rain?” He wondered if it would rain. + Verb tenses and the structure of the sentence. Verb tenses change in exactly the same way as in statements. Reported questions follow the structure of statements. Direct questions that begin with a verb are introduced with if or whether. Direct questions that begin with « question word are introduced with the same question word. Direct speech ices zeccl Henry said, “Are you waiting for me?” Henry asked if/ whether we were waiting for him. Bea scid, ‘When was your birthday?” Bea wanted to know when my birthday wes, ‘Tom asked, ‘Where did you find the keys” | Tom asked where | had found the keys. + Time expressions, adverbs of place ond some verbs that show movement. These change in the ‘same way os in statements. 113114 1 Alex: ‘s it raining in Berlin? Alex asked if it. was raining in Berlin 2 Sam: ‘When are they going to finish?” 3. Andy: ‘Did your brother win the race?’ 4 Chris: ‘Where did you go last Saturday?" 5. Maria: Does Ken have the right address?” 6 Vicky; ‘Why have you packed your suitcase?” 7 Kate: ‘How long has he been waiting?” 8 Mr Saunders: ‘Have you fed the goldfish” 4. Beth: ‘Did Mork stay at his aunt's?” 10 Steve: ‘Were they watching TV? “You ore very bad tempered!” ‘I don’t want to speak to you!” “You don’t have to be my friend anymore.’ "Do you mean this?” “won't bother you in the future. “We've never fought like this before.’ ‘We had « fight like this last month!" “Why are you behaving like « four-year-old?” “Because you started it!” “Oh, grow up Lucy!" Swarts HrUN— Read and complete. Use reported speech. Rewrite the questions in reported speech. Use the reporting verbs given. ask want to know ask — wonder want to know wonder ask want to know ask Peter: You look upset, Lucy. What's happened? Lucy: I've had @ terrible fight with Sophie. She said ! .| "as very. ‘and then she said 2 Then | said 3 ..and she osked «I scid that 5. And then she said that ‘ond | told her 7 «She asked cond | said * ‘and then she told me Then | said ... Peter: Now, hold on, Lucy! How did this fight start? Lucy: Well, | can't remember now, but | will never forgive her! Well, not until after lunch, anyway...Reported speech ®@ @_ Rewrite the sentences in direct speech. | They wanted to know if | would return the books the following week. They asked me, ‘Will you return the books next week? 2 Keira asked me to make a sendwich, 3 The firefighter ordered us to stay buck. 4 Mary said she would get up early the following day, 5 He said they were meeting their friends that day, & Jack said he had sent them an email the day before, 7. Nick told Tina she should be more careful in future. 8 Chris told me that he liked football. e Ian wondered where we were going that evening. 10 Ron wanted to know where my brother was. NO erated ys @ _ Read the interview and write a short article for TeenLink. Ms Jackson, what happened last Tuesday? 2 wasn’ feeling very well ° Then | fainted in the bathroom, 4 Who called for help? ® ie was Lucky, my golden retriever: | live alone so | have trained Lucky to push the speed dial butinn for my sistar’s number on the telephone, 7 Is it easy to train a dog to do this? 8 Well, Lucky is @ very clever dog so it was easy with him. 9 After what happened, two of my neighbours asked me to train their dogs, too, 10 | guess I'l answer your question in a few wee! Ceceececececcececercecceceececeececeeececcececcecec Ar Lucley” escape! by \ Ms Jackson hada stroke of tuck when she fll ln her house a eek ago -from none other than her, dog, Lucky. | ieterviewed her at the park, while she was walling hit. ‘Atfirst, lasked Ms Jackson! What.had happened the previous Tuesday She told 2._é that and that 3 asked 4 ‘and she said 5 2 cece eee Eee She added ® | wanted to know 7 s Ms Jackson § ei coer x ise | ‘She added ® so she" 115