A

TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

HELD AT

SHERIFF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WORKS

BY:
RAJI NAJEEB ENIOLA
MATRIC NUMBER: EE/ND/F21/3311

SUBMITTED TO:

THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING.

THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC OFFA P.M.B 420. OFFA, KWARA STATE

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF NATIONAL DIPLOMA (ND) IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING

DECEMBER, 2022- APRIL, 2023

 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that the student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) report written by RAJI NAJEEB ENIOLA with Matric Number
EE/ND/F21/3311. Read and approved as meeting part of the requirement for the award of national diploma in Electrical and Electronics
department in Federal Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State.

………………………….. …………………………

RAJI NAJEEB ENIOLA. DATE

EE/ND/F21/3311

……………………….. …………………………

MR. OKORIE AMAECH

GODWIN DATE
SIWES SUPERVISOR

………………………….. …………………………

ENGR. OLATINWO L.O. DATE

SIWES COORDINATOR

……………………………. …………………………

DR. ENGR. KEHINDE O.O. DATE

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
……………………………….. ………………………

DR. OKENIYI O.M. DATE

LIASON OFFICER DIRECTOR,
DIRECTORATE OF INDUSTRIAL LIASON
AND PLACEMENT DEDICATION UNIT
 DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to my dearest parent Mr and Mrs RAJI whom through their advice, love, care and financial assistance have made me to be
where I am today, I pray God will continue to keep and guide you for me. Amen
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to give thanks to Almighty GOD for his grace. I would also like to express my great appreciation to all staff members of Sheriff
Electrical and Electronic Works for the great knowledge they impacted on me during the INDUSRIAL TRAINING. My gratitude also goes to my
parent Mr. and Mrs. Raji and to my entire family for their support and encouragement. Also to all the lecturers in the department of Electrical &
Electronic Engineering, Thank you all.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Tittle page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledge iv

Table of content v

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Historical Background of SIWES 1-2

1.2 Aims of SIWES 2

1.3 The Objectives of SIWES 3

1.4 The importance of SIWES 3

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Background Information 4

2.1 Historical Background of the company 4

2.2 Organization Chart 4

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Electrical Safety Rule 5

3.1 Electrical Wiring Tools, Equipment and Uses 5

3.2 Wiring 5

3.2.1 Surface Wiring 5

3.2.2 Conduit Wiring 5

3.2.3 Trunking Wiring 6

3.3 Solar Panel 6

3.3.1 Types of Solar panels 6

3.3.2 Battery 6
3.3.3 Inverter 6

3.3.4 Charge Controller 6

Chapter Four

4.0 Conclusion 7

4.1 Recommendation 8

4.2 References 9
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is an academic support unit designed to provide avenue for student to
acquire practical industrial exposure in their study. The SIWES serve as an accepted skill training programmed which is part of the academic
standard in their various institution. The student industrial training fund (ITF) in 1974 to bridge gap between theory and practice of engineering
technology and applied discipline. (SIWES Handbook, 2017).

SIWES is a skill training programmed designed to expose and prepare student of universities, polytechnics, college of education for industrial
work situation they are likely to meet after graduation. It was also to familiarize students with work study method and expose them to the
needed experience in handling such equipment and machinery that are not usually available in the education institution is not responsive
enough to the need of the employer of labour.

Polytechnic and college of education students of the ND programmed in relevant course will have four months industrial attachment at the end
of their first year while students in the universities will have six month at a stretch at the end of 200, 300 or 400 level. Student in preliminary
classes are not eligible.

1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SIWES

The Student’s Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) was established under Military Government by Decree No.47 of 1973 to
solve the problem of lack of adequate practical skills preparatory for employment in industries by Nigerian graduates of tertiary institutions. It
commenced in 1974, then, only about eleven (11) institutions started it with a total of seven hundred and forty-eight (748) students. By 1978,
the number of institutions was thirty-two (32) with about five thousand (5,000) student from course in Engineering and Technology. By 1979,
the Federal Ministry of Education made SIWES compulsory for all Polytechnic and colleges of education discipline which brought about the one
year Industrial Training (IT), it became a condition for admission into Higher National Diploma (HND) programs. Due to financial constraint, ITF
withdrew support for SIWES in Polytechnic and colleges of Education. By January 1980, it withdrew totally, leaving it to Nigerian Universities
Commission (NUC) for Universities and National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) for Polytechnic. About fifty (50) non-technical disciplines
were included.

The federal government, through Decree No.16 of 1985 enforced that all students for specialized courses in Engineering, Technology,
Business, Applied Science and Applied Arts must undergo SIWES. It also restored the responsibility of SIWES back to ITF. The Industrial
Attachment Grant and Reinforcement (IAGR), a department under ITF became responsible for SIWES. Between 1985 and 1995, the number of
students grew to fifty-seven thousand, four hundred and thirty three (57.433) students and one hundred and forty-one (141) institutions. The
colleges of education had been included. Between 1995 and 2003, one hundred and seventy-six (176) institutions were involved and by 2008,
two hundred and four (204) institutions with two hundred and ten thousand, three hundred and ninety (390) students were involved.

The scheme exposes students to industry based skills necessary for a smooth transition from the world of classrooms to the world of
work. It affords student of tertiary institutions the opportunity of being familiarized and exposed to the needed experience in handling
machinery and equipment’s which are usually not available in educational institutions. Participations in the SIWES has become a necessary pre-
condition for the award of Diploma and Degree certificates in specific disciplines in most institutions of higher learning in the country, in
accordance with the education policy of government.
1.2 AIMS OF SIWES

 To provides student with industrial skill and needed experience while the course of study
 .To prepare specialist who will be ready for any working situation immediately after graduate.
 To teach student the techniques and method of working with facilities and equipment that may not be available within
the walls of an educational institution.
 SIWES helps and assist engineering student to works independently and to imbibes strong leadership skills
 .SIWES helps and assist student to perform designated duties effectively with supervision.
 SIWES student will develop employment record/reference that will enhance employment opportunity
 .SIWES will provide avenues to student in institution of higher learning to acquire industrial skill and experience in their
course of study.

1.3 THE OBJECTIVE OF SIWES

 To provide an avenue for students in institutions of higher learning to acquire industrial skills and experience in their
courses of studies of study. e.g. Engineering and Allied fields.
 To prepare students for the working situation they are to meet after graduation.
 To expose students to work method and technique in handling equipment and machinery that may not be available in
educational institutions.
 To make the transition from school to the world of work easier and to enhance students contact for later job placement.
 To provide the student with the opportunity to apply his knowledge in real situation theory thereby bringing the gap
between school work and practical work.
 To enlist and strengthen employer’s involvements in the entire educational process of preparing students for
employment in industry.

1.4 THE IMPORTANCE OF SIWES

The scheme covers all science and technological based students in polytechnics and universities in Nigeria, resulting in a high
population of students which is easily managed because of the public and private industries that partake in the scheme. SIWES enables
students acquire industrial know-how in their field of study particularly in technological based courses. It also enables students experience
the application of theoretical knowledge in solving real life problems.
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION

 Standard electrical installation in clients building

 Solution to a faculty wiring in clients building
 Installation of Solar panel and Electronics work
 Repair of faculty fan (standing fan and ceiling fan)
 Erection of pools (concrete and wooden)
 Repaired of Electronics equipment

2.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY

SHERIFF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS WORKS was established in year 2000 as among the pointer electrical work in Ilorin KWARA
State, it has been a workshop that helps students of learning in their practical field of study. The company render both home services and
basically on Electrical and Electronics works.

SHERIFF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS WORKS is an electrifying company dedicated to providing efficient case in handling electrifying
in safe hands and solve a particular problem for there client, electrification needs with over ten years of experience cutting across various
industries. SHERIFF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS WORKS has trained dedicated professional staff with industrial skills and competencies in
wiring building, installation of solar panel, Electronics equipment, installation of borehole, industrial work, domestic work, installation of some
electrical appliances and other electrification related works.

SHERIFF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS WORKS has worked in various places example Abuja, Ogun state, Lagos State, Niger State,
Kwara State especially Kwara State example superb, house of Assembly, baruba and Okuta.
2.2 ORGANIZATION CHAT

CEO/MD

ELECTRICAL STAFF ELECTRONICS

HOUSE WIRING INVERTER

SIWES STUDENT ASSEMBLING UNIT
UNIT PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION PRODUCT
INSTALLATIONUNIT
PACKAGING DEVELOPMENT

FABRICATING UNIT

PAINITING UNIT

Fig 2.1
 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 ELECTRICAL SAFETY RULES

 Avoid contact with energized electrical circuits
 Treat all electrical devices as if they are alive or energized
 Disconnect the power source before servicing or repairing electrical equipment
 Use only tools and equipment with non-conducting handles and when working on electrical devices
 Never use metallic pencils or ruler, or wear rings or metal watch bands when working with electrical equipment.
 Do not wear loose clothing or tiers near electrical equipment. Act like an electrical engineer.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENS (PPE)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is special gear used to protect the workers from specific hazards.

 Overall
 Helmet
 Safety Boots
 Hand Gloves
 Ear muffs / plugs
 Eye goggles
 Nose mask

3.1 ELECTRICAL WIRING TOOLS, EQUPMENT AND USES

A tools is any devices especially one held in the hand, used to carry out a particular functions and it is used for multipurpose tasks.
Equipment is a set of tools designed to achieve a particular task.
S/N TOOLS AND EQUPMENT USES

1. WIRE STRIPPERS They are plier-like tools used to remove the insulating outer sheath from cables
in order to attach terminals or connectors to the central core via crimping or
soldering .

2. INSULAD SREWDRIVER They are indispensable for most electricians who frequently require access to
electrical container sealed with screws.

3. INSULATED PLIERS They are used to accomplish a multitude of tasks requiring ‘torque’, working in
a much more robust manner than would be possible with the use of bare hands
alone

4. ELECTRICAL TAPE It is used to insulate wires or other items that conduct electricity.

5. HACKSAWS They are fine-toothed saws designed primarily for cutting through metal.

6. CABLE CUTTERS This versatile tools feature steel blades and cut through standard wiring easily.

7. SPANNERS It is used to loosen or attach nuts, bolts or similar fixings.

8. SAFETY KNIFE The knife blade is shielded for safety at most ties and only extended when in the
tool is actually in use.

9. HEX KEYS They are used as extensions to screwdrivers and allow these to apply torque to
hexagonal fastenings

10. CLAW HAMMER They are primarily used for inserting fixtures like nails, and a dual steel claw at
the other end is designed to enable the easy removal of the same nails.
  Digital Mulimeter

Fig 3.1

 Set of screwdriver

Fig 3.2

 Tester

Fig 3.3

 Fishing Tap
Fig 3.4

 Plier

Fig 3.5
Fig 3.6

3.2 WIRING

Electrical Wiring is a process of connecting cables and wires to the related devices such as fuse, switches, socket,
light, fans etc to the main distribution board as a specific structure to the utility pole for continues power supply.

Methods of wiring system

1. Joint Box
2. Looping in system

Joint box is a method of wiring, connections to appliances are made through joints. These joint are made in joint boxes by
means of suitable connections or joints cut outs. This method of wiring does not consume too much cables size.

Looping system is a method of wiring is universal. A loop system is an aid to the hearing aid, it is not a replacement. Having a

loop system installed enables you hearing aid to better pick up on the sounds you want to be picking up – the TV, the radio,
the phone, while cutting out the background noie.

RECOMMENDATION CABLE / WIRE SIZE FOR ELECTRICAL WIRING

S/N RECOMMENDED CABLE/ WIRE SIZE USAGE RECOMMENDED FUSE/

MCB RATING

1. 1.0 mm or 1.5 mm Lighting circuit 5-9 amp

2. 2.5 mm Socket / power circuit 15-20 amp

3. 4.0 mm Air condition (single phase) 20 amp

4. 6.0 mm Heater, shower and cooker 25-35 amp

5. 10.0 mm Mini load 40 and above

6. 16.0 mm Load wire 63-100 amp

7. 25.0 mm Service / supply N.P

 8. 35.0 mm Service / supply N.P

3.2.1 SURFACE WIRING

Surface wiring is a system of channels and boxes that allow putting of outlets, switches or light fixtures
anywhere you want without the hassle of cutting into walls, fishing wire and patching holes. And it can look neater
than you might think since you can paint the parts to match the wall.

3.2.2 CONDUIT WIRING

Conduit wiring is a system where the cables are enclosed in metal or plastic tube. The conductors have
installation which is rated at the voltage required but gives no mechanical protection.

3.2.3 TRUNKING WIRING

Trunking wiring is an enclosure usually with a rectangular cross section, and with one removable or hinged
side, that is used to protect cables and provide space for other electrical equipment. They make electrical ducting
and cable trunking for concealing and securing cabling.

Fig 3.7
 HOW TO CONNECT 1 WAY SWITCH WIRING USING THREE WIRE CONTROL

This method is commonly used now days as it is efficient than the one wire control system. PIN 1 of both switches
are connected with the phase or live wire and PIN 2 of both the switches are connected with the one end of the
lamp. The other end of the lamp is connected with Neutral line of AC power Supply.

3.3 SOLAR PANELS

Solar panels also known as photo-voltaic (PV) is a device that collect sunlight and converts it into
electric current. Solar panels are those device which are used to absorb the sun's rays and convert them into
electricity or heat.

3.3.1 TYPES OF SOLAR PANELS

1. Mono crystalline
2. Poly crystalline

Mono crystalline solar panels or mono panels are made for mono crystalline solar cells. Each cells is a slice of a
single crystal if silicon that is grown expressly for the purpose of creating solar panels. In the lab, the crystal is
grown into a cylindrical log shape called an ingot and is then sliced into thin discs.

Poly crystalline solar panels or poly panels are made of individual poly crystalline solar cells. Just like mono
crystalline solar cells, poly crystalline solar cells are made for silicon crystals the difference is that, instead of being
extruded as a single pure ingots, the silicon crystal cools and fragments on it own.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MONO CRYSTALLINE AND POLY CRYSTALLINE

S/N MONO CRYSTALLINE POLY CRYSTALLINE

1 High efficient at producing energy Less efficient at producing energy

2 Panels require less space Panels require more space

3 Black panels blend with darker shingles or foliage The bluish color stands out more than the black of the
poly crystalline panels

4 Better heat tolerance Less heat tolerance

5 Expensive Less expensive to Mon crystalline

 Fig 3.9

3.3.2 BATTERY

Battery are commonly used in RV, boat, and other automobile systems. From a
technical perspective, a battery uses one or more cells to allow a chemical reaction creating the
flow of electrons in a circuit. Batteries do not create energy or power on their own. Batteries
simply store energy for you to use when you need it. The power you get from a battery is direct
current (DC) power and is different than the alternating current (AC) power you get from the
wall outlets in your home. If needed, DC power can be converted to AC power using
an inverter.

Fig 3.10
3.3.3 INVERTER

An inverter is an electronic device that changes direct current (DC) into alternating current
(AC). The input voltage, output voltage, frequency and overall power handling depend on the
design of the specific device or circuitry.

An inverter converts direct current (DC) from your batteries in to alternating current (AC)
through an inverter, the inverter then supplies your house with either 110/220V alternating
current.

3.3.4 CHARGE CONTROLLER

A solar charge controller is used to keep the battery from overcharging by regulating the voltage
and current coming from the solar panel to the battery. It is programmed at 15-A/200-W unit and
uses MPPT (maximum power point tracking) to accelerate solar charging of the battery up to
30% per day. MPPT checks the output of the solar panel compares it to the battery voltage and
adjusts it to the best voltage in order to get maximum current ion to the battery.

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 CONCLUSION

My experience during the period of industrial attachment has been an enriching and
Innovative one. The SIWES scheme is indeed an innovative concept and looking back I am glad
that worked at “SHERIFF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WORKS”. The experiences
have been far rewarding and the report summarizes the details. From the full details on the
experience which I Had during the training program which gave me the privilege to relate with
senior professionals and other students from different institutions. The knowledge acquired is not
only academic or technical Skill as the case may be, I was also made to understand the
importance of other fields of study and ultimately appreciate the roles they play to the success of
any industry. The experience makes me Appreciate the nature, benefits and intricacies of my
chosen field of study both in the classroom and In the larger society The program increases the
potentials of a student at the same time helps me to adapt a Disciplined attitude that will guide
me after school when offered an opportunity to put to practice What I had gotten all through my
stay in the school. It has enable me to become an expert and self-dependent in the performance
of the electrical installations and repairing role in term of practical in the workshop and site.
Hence, it is of great believe that if not for the SIWES program, no doubt I would never have
gained all I’ve mentioned I hereby conclude that am able to trace and clear mini fault and
installation in electrical.

4.1 RECOMMENDATION

In view of my experience during my industrial training, the following

recommendations
Are made to the students, university, industrial training fund (I.T.F) and the companies:

ITF. (1973). Policy Document No 1. Industrial Training Fund, Jos, Nigeria.

 Students should personally ensure that they get a good placement for the program in time
 To commence and gain the best from the six-months.
 Students should make sure that the entire period for the attachment is completed before
 Bowing out of the program.
 Also, student should have a focused mind and interest as it will help them get the
maximum
 Knowledge attainable from the company attached to.
 Not all students have the opportunity of getting good industrial training placement, so the
 School should ensure they establish good relationships with companies, firms and
 Organizations capable of assisting in the SIWES program on a yearly basis thereby
helping
 The less privileged students.
 On the part of I.T.F, Student supervision should also be intensified to make the program
More effective.
 REFERENCES

Ball –Rockeach, Sandra J; Deflur, ML(1976).” A dependency model of Effect of Electricity”.

Engineerin Research3(1):3-21

Baran (2010), political participation in Africa: issue, problems and prospects. Paper at the
Annual conference of ACCE, FCT Abuja

Industrial laisonn and placement unit, (2018). Federal polytechnic offa Siwes handbook

a glance. Published by Olaf publisher Nigeria limited No. 45/70 Niger road,

ilorin,kwara State, Nigeria.

Okunna,C.S, Omenugha,K. (2012), an introduction to philosophy of Engineering. London:

Macmillian Press Ltd.