Gujarat Technological University

Chandkheda, Ahmedabad

A Report

on

SUMMER INTERNSHIP

Course Code: 3170001

Course: Internship

B. E. (Electrical Engineering)
Semester - VIIth
AY: 2024-25

Submitted

by

PRAVIN KUSHWAHA
Enrolment No.:210180109010

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, DAHOD
JHALOD ROAD, DAHOD – 359151 (INDIA) JULY,
2024
 Gujarat Technological University
Chandkheda, Ahmedabad

A Report

on

SUMMER INTERNSHIP/PROJECT

Course Code: 3170001

Course: Summer Internship

B. E. (Electrical Engineering)
Semester – VIIth
AY: 2024-25

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the

requirements for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

in

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

PRAVIN KUSHWAHA
Enrolment No.:210180109010

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, DAHOD
JHALOD ROAD, DAHOD – 359151 (INDIA) JULY,
2024
 Gujarat Technological University
Chandkheda, Ahmedabad

STUDENTS’S DECLARATION

I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the report entitled "

SUMMER INTERNSHIP" in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree

of Bachelor of Engineering and submitted in the Electrical Engineering Department,

Government Engineering College, Dahod is an authentic record of my own work carried out

during a period from 27/06/2024 to 12/07/2024 under the supervision of Prof. M.A.MANIAR,

Head of Department, Electrical Engineering Department, Government Engineering College,

Dahod.

The matter presented in this report has not been submitted by me for the award

of any other degree of this or any other Institution.

(PRAVIN KUSHWAHA)

This is to certify that the above statement made by the student is correct to the
best of my knowledge.

(Prof. M.A.MANIAR)
Internal Mentor
 Gujarat Technological University
Chandkheda, Ahmedabad

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the summer internship as required by the curriculam has
been satisfactorily completed by Mr./Ms. PRAVIN KUSHWAHA
(Enrol. No. 210180109010).He/She has carried out his/her internship at MGVCL, DAHOD
under the guidance of Associate Prof. M.A.MANIAR (an Internal Mentor) & (an
ExternalMentor) and completed Internship (3170001) course requirement for the
academic year2024 – 2025.

(Prof. M.A.MANIAR) ( )
Internal Mentor External Mentor

(Prof. J. I. Patel)
Head of Department

Date:
2
Acknowledgement

I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to various people, who directly
or indirectly contributed in the development of this work and who influenced my thinking
behaviour and acts during the course of study.
It was a great pleasure for me to work on training at MADHYA GUJARAT VIJ
COMPANY LTD., DAHOD through which I could learn how to work in a professional
environment. for giving me opportunity to do internship in your esteemed organization.
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to Shri. A.K. Vaghela (DE Sub Division
Dahod Town), Shri. Kirit K. Ninama (JE Sub Division Dahod R-1), Shrimati Pooja Patel (JE
Sub Division Dahod R-1), for giving me the privilege to work with MGVCL.
I am highly indebted to Deputy Engineer and Junior Engineer of different Divisions
and subdivisions for their constant guidance and willingness to share their knowledge and
make me understand various practical aspects of Electrical Engineering.
I also extend my sincere thanks to Associate Prof. Ashish Joshi Project mentor and Prof.
J.I. Patel (Head of EE Department) who provided their valuable suggestions as and when
required during this internship. I am grateful to Prof. J.I. Patel (Head of EE Department) –
Govt. Engineering College, Dahod for his motivation and support.
I also would like to express my gratitude towards all the members of MGVCL for their
kind cooperation and encouragement during my internship.

(PRAVIN KUSHWAHA)

3
Abstract

This internship report describes the process of “Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd,
Dahod”. It is prepared in partial fulfilment in Electrical engineering.
This report includes the information based on theoretical background and on practical
experiences. This internship report being with general information including history, service
of MGVCL, line maintenance and line inspection, line or pole shifting, process of faulty
equipment replacement and static energy meter testing for different method.
This report describes information about wiring and block diagram about new
connection for different types consumers, solution of technical consumers complaint, process
of new connection, process of new equipment issued, geo mapping, solar connection,
disconnection order work, billing department related work, subdivision and division store
related work, and some new technology and new government scheme are described in the
subsequent chapters.

4
 Contents

............................................................................................................................. .......................i
Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................... 3
Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 4
Contents ........................................................................................................................................... 5
Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 7
1.1General Background ............................................................................................... 7
1.2 About the company ................................................................................................ 8
1.2.1 MGVCL Incorporation ............................................................................ 8
1.3 Services of MGVCL ............................................................................................. 8
1.4 Vision, Mission, Quality Policy, Core Values ...................................................... 8
1.4.1 Vision, Mission ....................................................................................... 9
1.4.2 Mission .................................................................................................... 9
1.4.3 Quality Policy ......................................................................................... 9
1.4.4 Core Values ............................................................................................. 9
1.5 Area Profile ............................................................................................................ 9
Chapter 2 Installation of Transformer and Distribution box ................................................... 10
2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Installation of New Transformer ......................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Testing the old transformer .................................................................. 10
2.2.2 Connection of the new Transformer ..................................................... 11
2.3 Megger test .......................................................................................................... 12
2.3.1 Why Megger Testing is Done? ............................................................ 12
2.3.2 How Megger Testing is Performed? .................................................... 12
2.3.3 Procedure of megger test ...................................................................... 12
2.4 New 100 KV LT Distribution Box Connection .................................................. 13
Chapter 3 Maintenance Day ........................................................................................................ 15
3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 15
3.2 Maintenance Work .............................................................................................. 15
3.3 Fault Clearing ..................................................................................................... 17
Chapter 4 Types of Meters ........................................................................................................... 18
4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 18
4.2 Meter Case And Cover ........................................................................................ 19
4.3 Marking Of The Meter ........................................................................................ 20
4.4 Display Sequence ................................................................................................ 21
4.5 Auto Display Mode ............................................................................................. 21
4.6 Push Button Mode ............................................................................................... 21
4.7 Time Of Day Facilities . ....................................................................................... 22
Chapter 5 Store .............................................................................................................................. 23
5.1 General Introduction ............................................................................................ 23
5.2 Types of Conductors ............................................................................................ 23
5.2.1 Service Cable ....................................................................................... 24
5.3 Insulators .............................................................................................................. 24
5
 5.3.1 Polymeric Pin Insulator ....................................................................... 24
5.3.2 Shackle Insulators ............................................................................... 25
5.3.3 Guy Strain Insulators ........................................................................... 25
5.3.4 GI Wire ................................................................................................ 25
5.3.5 11KV Cross Arms ............................................................................... 26
5.3.6 Stay Rod .............................................................................................. 26
5.3.7 Turn Buckle ......................................................................................... 26
5.3.8 Earthing Coil ....................................................................................... 27
5.3.9 AB Switch ........................................................................................... 27
5.3.10 Kit Kat Fuse ...................................................................................... 28
5.3.11 LUG ................................................................................................... 28
Chapter 6 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 29
References ....................................................................................................................................... 30

6
 Chapter 1
Introduction

1.1 General Background

The GUVNL is engaged in the business of bulk purchase and sale of electricity,
supervision, co-ordination and facilitation of the activities of its six subsidiary companies The
GSECL is engaged in the business of Generation of Electricity The GETCO is engaged in the
business of transmission of electricity The UGVCL, DGVCL, MGVCL and PGVCL are engaged in
the business of Distribution of Electricity in the Northern, Southern, Central and Western areas of
Gujarat respectively. The power generated in the generated in the generating stations is stepped up
and transported long distances through EHV lines by the Transmission companies, which is then
stepped down and distributed to industries/households by the distribution companies.

The Company was promoted by erstwhile Gujarat Electricity Board (GEB) as it's wholly owned
subsidiary in the context of liberalization and as a part of efforts towards restructuring of the Power
Sector. Afterwards it changed to GUVNL.

7
1.2 About the company:
1.2.1 MGVCL Incorporation
As a part of power reform process, Gujarat Electricity Board(GEB), the promoting
body, has been un-bundled effective from 1" April, 2005, into separate seven companies with
functional responsibilities with complete autonomous operation for

➢ Generation

➢ Transmission

➢ Distribution

➢ Trading

Accordingly, the distribution undertakings and functions of the central distribution zone of the
erstwhile GEB stand transferred to and vest in the company effective from 1 April, 2005.

The company has become operational effective from 1" April, 2005.

Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Limited is an ISO 9001:2008 certified leading power distribution
company in Gujarat, which distributes electricity in the central area of Gujarat. And mission is to
provide uninterrupted supply.

1.3 Services of MGVCL:

Following services which we are rendering to customers:
1. Handling individual power complaint.
2. Restoring power supply after repairing major faults.
3. Preventive maintenance is an important pro-active measure.
4. Maintaining electric network from consumer to substation.
5. Providing emergency service in monsoon season.
6. Providing services to resolve no-power complaints in area / society.
7. Emergency maintenance during burning of jumper, snapping of conductor,
tree falling.

1.4 Vision, Mission, Quality Policy, Core Values:

1.4.1 Vision:

➢ Customers Satisfaction Through Service Excellence.

8
 1.4.2 Mission:

➢ To Provide Reliable and Quality Power at Competitive Cost.

➢ To Reach Global Standards in Reducing Distribution Losses.

1.4.3 Quality Policy:

➢ Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Limited is committed to distribute and maintain

Reliable Electric Power, satisfy all its customers through excellence in service by

all way of Safe and Sturdy Distribution network with dedication to continual
improvement in l sphere of activities.

1.4.4 Core Values:

➢ Excellence.
➢ Customer satisfaction.
➢ Participative and Culture.
➢ Being ethically and socially responsive.
➢ Pride of Belongingness.

1.5 Area Profile:

MGVCL distributes electricity in 5 districts namely, Panch mahal, Kheda, Anand, Vadodara
and Dang covering 49 talukas and 4426 villages (MGVCL 2009).

The company is responsible for reliable and affordable power distribution to residential areas,
commercial complexes, streetlights, water works, agriculture, traction as well as industries.

9
 Chapter 2
Installation of Transformer and Distribution box

2.1 Introduction:
Installation of any heavy equipment need to be passed though many processes like
checking of the equipment, making MR and CR for the equipment and many more. In this
section we learn about the installation of the new transformer and installation of the new LT
distribution box.

2.2 Installation of New Transformer:

Whenever we want a new transformer, we have to make a CR and MR for it with the
signature of J.E and D.E on both the documents.CR is used for store the replaced transformer
in the store yard while MR is used for the take the new transformer from the store yard.

2.2.1 Testing the old transformer:

Testing of the old transformer was done to find out if it is working or not. But the old
transformer was not working as the result show’s fault on the HT side. For finding the fault we
use the MEEGER test.

Fig.2.1.1 Old Transformer in Store Yard by Submitting CR

After the testing from the megger three annexure forms are filled which generally
have same data on each annexure.
➢ Annexure-1 for Sub-Division Office.
➢ Annexure-2 for Division Office.

10
 ➢ Annexure -3 for Store.
Details include in the Annexure are:
➢ Company Name.
➢ Capacity.
➢ Sr. No. of transformer
➢ Oil Capacity.
➢ Feeder Name.
➢ Protection.
➢ H.T. Side.
➢ L.T Side.
➢ Earthing Condition.
➢ LA Provided.
➢ Breather.
➢ Reason Of Fault.
➢ Total Number of Consumer.
➢ Oil Leakage.

2.2.2 Connection of the new Transformer:

After submitting the MR to the store room officer, we brought the new transformer to
its installation place. For installation process of the new transformer the supply of the feeder
was cut – off from the distribution box.
After that we placed the transformer on the H pole and locked it there. Then we connect
the three-phase cable from D.O (Drop Out) fuse to the HT bushing and the 3 phase 4wire cables
to the LT bushing.

Fig 2.1.2 New Transformer Connection

11
2.3 Megger test:
Megger test is also called as Insulation Resistance test

Fig 2.2 Megger Test

2.3.1 Why Megger Testing is Done?

Insulation resistance quality of an electrical system degrades with time, environment

condition i.e., temperature, humidity, moisture and dust particles. It also gets impacted
negatively due to the presence of electrical and mechanical stress, so it’s beco me very
necessary to check the IR (Insulation resistance) of equipment at a constant regular interval
to avoid any measure fatal or electrical shock.

2.3.2 How Megger Testing is Performed?

A multimeter is used as an insulation tester in some conditions and mostly a continuity

test only is performed. But for detecting and testing for a leakage current during a normal or
overloaded condition, a special instrument known as the Insulation tester is used.
We measure electrical leakage in wire and results are very reliable as we shall be
passing electric current through device while we are testing. We verify the electrical insulation
level of any device such as motor, cable, generator winding, or general electrical installation.

2.3.3 Procedure of megger test :

➢ First, we will disconnect all the line and neutral terminals of the transformer.
➢ Megger test leads are connected to LV and HV bushing studs to measure
Insulation Resistance IR value in between the LV and HV windings.
➢ Megger test leads are connected to HV bushing studs and transformer tank earth

12
 point to measure Insulation Resistance IR value in between the HV windings and
earth.
➢ Megger test leads are connected to LV bushing studs and transformer tank earth
point to measure Insulation Resistance IR value in between the LV windings and
earth.

2.4 New 100 KV LT Distribution Box Connection :

A 100KV LT distribution box is installed for the 100 KVA transformer. This helps to
cut off the output supply of transformer easily in case of maintenance or in case of any
dangerous situation.

Fig 9.3 100 KV LT Distribution Box Connection

The Distribution box has the Switch Disconnector for connecting and disconnecting
the supply from transformer to the consumers. The R, Y, B, N cables from the transformer is
passed through the lugs and then passed through the CT coils and then connected to the switch
disconnector. Neutral wire is common for the transformer as well as the consumer cable.

Fig 9.3.1 CT Coil

The CT coil is connected with the CT meter so that we can get the rating of the
transformer from the CT meter. On the input side of the meter the CT coil is connected and

13
the output side a wire is connected to the joint of the transformer cable and the switch
disconnector.
From this distribution box two 3 phase 4 wires comes out from the switch disconnector.
One for the Club House and second one for the consumers of that society. The output from the
switch connector is passed through the 200A KIT KAT fuse and then to the respected
consumers/areas.

Fig 9.3.2 200A Kit Kat Fuse

To check the R, Y, and B phase in AAA black coated cables, always look at or feel the
cables, so that you can see or feel the lines on the cables and then count the cables and then
you can easily recognize the phase.
➢ For R phase – 1 line is present on the cable.
➢ For Y phase – 2 line is present on the cable.
➢ For B phase – 3 line is present on the cable.

14
 Chapter 3
Maintenance Day

3.1 Introduction:
On maintenance day, maintenance of the feeder, pole, transformer, every equipment
from GETCO to service wire of consumer is maintained. Timing for maintenance is generally
from 9.00 am to 4.00 pm. Generally, maintenance day occur every Tuesday for different
feeders of different area.
A team leader with 3 to 4 members in each team are made and different areas are
allotted to them with different maintenance work. All the team leader has to sign or the GETCO
office to cut the supply of their maintenance feeder and at end of the leaders of each team again
have sign or call the GETCO to ON the supply of the feeder.
A report of the work done by each team has to be written with the quantity and details
of the materials on it and submit it to J.E at the end of the day.

3.2 Maintenance Work:

Maintenance work includes the following work:
• Substation maintenance
• Maintenance of the D – jumper
• Maintenance of the pole
• Maintenance of the conductors / cables
• Maintenance of the transformer
• Maintenance of the D.O fuse
• Maintenance of the AB switch
• Maintenance of the insulators
• Maintenance of the Distribution box
• Cutting of trees / branches
• Burning kites and their threads
Maintenance work at the substation is done the GETCO staff. The whole Substation
power is cut off during maintenance. Maintenance at the Sub-station includes:
• Cleaning and oiling the isolator connectors
• Cleaning and oiling of L.A
• Maintenance of P.T
• Maintenance of C.T
15
 • Maintenance of SF6 circuit breaker
• Maintenance of the transformers
• Insulating tape on the conductor strips for the fault proof from birds.

Fig3.1 Maintenance at Sub-Station

Changing old D.O fuse with the new one. Nowadays D.O fuse is being replacing by
the AB polymeric switch as they are easy to connect and disconnect the supply. Changing of
the D-jumper is shown in below figure:

Fig 3.1.2 Changing D-jumper

Burning kites and their threads. Generally, this maintenance work is done in the urban
areas mostly. And also changing the disc insulator with the new polymer disc insulator.

16
 Fig 3.1.3 Burning Kites and Changing the Disc Insulators

3.3 Fault Clearing:

While doing the maintenance many faults are seen they have to be clear. One similar
fault was seen during the maintenance of the transformer where leakage current was flowing
back to the transformer from the neutral wire. So, we check the nearby line and their
transformer for it but none of the transformer was generating the leakage current.
So, we went in the society to check the inverter as it can be reason of leakage current.
In the society total 5 consumers had inverter out of which 4 were fault proof but 1 consumer
inverter was found to be faulty. So, we cut the service wire from the meter and from the pole
even the meter was started melting due to the fault. So, we ask the consumer to check his house
wiring and submit for new connection in the office.

Fig3.2 Maintenance of Transformer and Clearing Fault

17
 Chapter 4
Types of Meters

4.1 Introduction:

Energy Meter or Watt-hour meter is an electrical instrument that measures the amount
of electrical energy used by the consumers Utilities are one of the electrical departments, which
install these instruments at every place like homes, industries, organizations, commercial
buildings charge for the electricity consumption loads such as lights, fans, refrigerator, and
other home appliances.

The basic unit of power is watts and it is measured by using a watt meter. One thousand
watts make one kilowatt. If one uses one kilowatt in one hour duration, one unit of energy gets
consumed. So energy meters measure the rapid voltage and currents, calculate their product
and give instantaneous power This power is integrated over a time interval, which gives the
energy utilized over that time period. Imp/kwh stands for impulse per kilo watt hour

Fig 4.1 1 Phase 2 Wire Ac Static Watt Hour Meter

18
 Fig 4.1 3 Phase 4 Wire Ac Static Watt Hour Meter

4.2 Meter Case And Cover:

The meter should have a case, which can be sealed in such a way that the internal parts
of the meter are accessible only after breaking the seal and cover. The manufacturer's logo
should be embossed on the strip/plate The material of the meter body (case and cover) shall
be of polycarbonate or Engineering Plastic. The meter cover should be fixed to the meter base
(case) with Unidirectional Screws, so that the same cannot be opened by use of screwdrivers.

Fig 4.2 Meter Case And Cover

19
4.3 Marking Of The Meter:

The marking on the meter should be in accordance with relevant clauses of 1813779
The basic marking on the meter nameplate should be as follows (all other markings as per IS
should also be there)
a) Manufacturer's name & trade mark

b) Type Designation

c) No. of phases & wires

d) Serial number (Size not less than 5mm)

e) Year of manufacture

1) Reference Voltage

g) Rated Current

h) Operating Frequency

i) Principal unit(s) of measurement

j) Meter Constant (imp/kwh)

k) Class index of meter

1) "Property of _”

m) Purchase Order No. & Date

n) Guarantee (Guaranteed for a period of 5% Yrs. From date of delivery)

o) BIS marking

p) Place of manufacture

q) Meter Sl. No in alpha numerical form, Dt. Of Manufacture, Rating of the meter and
P.O reference should be bar coded.

r) The meter shall have Alphanumeric display with at least 7 full digit with LCD
backlit havingminimumcharacterheightof10mm.

s) Meters should have calibrating LED pulse output for Energy Vectors. The meter
should also record values of Energies at present date & time (Programmable).

20
4.4 Display Sequence:

The meter should display the required parameters in two different modes as follows:
Display sequence for both Auto & Push Button must be maintained, any interchange between
the display parameters is not accepted.

4.5 Auto Display Mode:

The following parameters should be display in auto cycle mode, in the following sequence.

➢ LED/LCD test

➢ Meter serial number

➢ Rising Apparent Demand with elapsed time

➢ Power On Hours (Cumulative)

➢ Real Time & Date (dd mm yy)

➢ Active Energy

➢ Maximum Demand in KW(Previous Month)

➢ Maximum Demand in KW(Present Month)

➢ Reactive Energy (Lag only)

➢ TOD Active Energies.

➢ Each parameter should be on meter display for 10 seconds and the time between
two auto cycle should be at 120 seconds gap

4.6 Push Button Mode:

In addition to the auto display mode parameters, the following parameters should be
displayed on pressing the push button (all display of auto mode and the following:

➢ Last month Average Power Factor

➢ Instant Power Factor

➢ Avg. Load factor(Previous Month)

➢ Avg. Load factor(Present Month)

➢ Apparent Energy

21
 ➢ Apparent Max Demand (Lag only, Previous Month)

➢ Apparent Max Demand (Lag only, Present Month)

➢ TOD Apparent Demand

➢ MD reset count

➢ Inst. Phase Voltage

➢ Inst. Phase Current

➢ Inst. Load (Active & Apparent)

➢ Tamper Information

➢ Total Tamper Count

➢ Previous 3 months (at least) cumulative Kwh, Kvah and Maximum Demand in KW
&KVA at 24.00 hrs of last date of the month

➢ Manufacturing

➢ Any other useful display will be acceptable like Neutral Current at any instant.

4.7 Time Of Day Facilities:

The meter should have facilities to record Active, Apparent Energies and MD in at
least 8 zones. The time zones should be user programmable through authenticated MRI
command.

Necessary software for the same, to be provided by the bidder.

At present TOD timings will be programmable as follows:

TOD-106:00 Hrs. to 17:00 Hrs.,

TOD-2 17:00 Hrs. to 23:00 Hrs,

TOD-3 23:00 Hrs. to 06:00 Hrs. of next day.

22
 Chapter 5
Store

5.1 General Introduction:

In store all the equipment for the supply of the electricity is kept. Equipment which is
small and sensitive is kept in store room while all others are kept in the store yard.

5.2 Types of Conductors:

Aluminum conductors of different types and sizes are used for LT / HT lines. These
include:
AAC – All Aluminum Conductors: The AAC conductors are used in low and high
voltage overhead lines. AAC is used extensively in urban areas where spans are usually short
but high conductivity is required.
ACSR – Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced: It is a type of high-capacity, high-
strength stranded conductor typically used in overhead power lines. The outer strands are high-
purity aluminum, chosen for its excellent conductivity, low weight and low cost.
AAAC – All Aluminum Alloy Conductors: These conductors are designed to get better
strength to weight ratio and offer improved electrical properties, excellent sag-tension
characteristics and superior corrosion resistance when compared with ACSR.

Fig 5.1 Storage of Conductors

23
5.2.1 Service Cable:

A service cable is used for the connection of the consumer meter from the pole. They
are coloured in yellow colour. They are made up of PVC. Two types of cable are there one for
single phase contain one phase and neutral wire and second one for three phases contain three
phases with neutral wire.

Fig 5.2Service Cable

5.3 Insulators:
5.3.1 Polymeric Pin Insulator:

Polymeric pin insulator is commonly used on 11 kV Lines There is a groove on the

upper end of the insulator for resting the conductor. The conductor passes through this
groove and is bound by the annealed wire made of the same material as the conductor. The
pins for pin insulators shall have a stalk length of 135 mm, shank- length of 125 mm and
minimum failing load of 2kN

Fig5.3 Polymeric Pin Insulator

24
5.3.2 Shackle Insulators:

Fig 5.4 Shackle Insulator

The shackle insulators are used in low voltage distribution lines (LT lines). They are
also called spool insulators. These insulators are used to isolate the live conductor from pole
and are mounted in every pole of electrical line.

5.3.3 Guy Strain Insulators:

Fig 5.5 Guy Strain Insulator

The guy/stay wires are designed to work in mechanical tension or strain, as they are
capableto withstand the pull of a suspended electrical wire or cable. The guy strain insulators
are used in overhead electrical line. The strain insulator is inserted between stay wire to isolate
the lower portion from electricity. It is used where a wire attaches to a pole or tower, to transmit
the pull of the wire to the support while insulating it electrically.

5.3.4 GI Wire:

Fig 5.6 GI Wire

The G.I wires shall be galvanised with “heavy coating”. G.I. wires are used in
reinforcement of aluminium conductors in distribution and transmission of electricity

25
5.3.5 11KV Cross Arms:

Fig 5.7 V Cross Arm

V cross-arms for tangent locations with clamps are widely used in many electrical
transmission lines, for effective and efficient distribution of power. The cross-arm can be
used to support up to three conductors, one mounted at the centre and one mounted one foot
from either end of the cross-arm.

5.3.6 Stay Rod:

Stay Rods are used to connect the stay wire to the ground anchor. These galvanised
steel rods are available in various sizes and lengths for different stay designs.

Fig 5.8 Stay Rod

5.3.7 Turn Buckle:

A turnbuckle is a mechanical device used to adjust the tension in ropes, cables, tie
rods and other tensioning systems. It is also known as a stretching screw or a bottle screw.

Fig 5.9 Turn Buckle

26
5.3.8 Earthing Coil:

This coil is used in an earthing system for ensuring safety to several electrical
appliances. An earthing system involves galvanized iron. For installation process the bottom
layer and surrounding space are filled with charcoal, while the top layers and surrounding are
filled up with loose earth.

Fig 5.10 Earthing Coil

5.3.9 AB Switch

The switch whose contacts open in the air and quenching ofan arc achieves by
compressed air; such type of switch is called an air brake switch. The air brake switch is
operated manually when their handle is placed on a ground level.

Fig 5.11 AB Switch

27
5.3.10 Kit Kat Fuse:

Kit Kat Fuse is a semi-enclosed fuse, which is also considered a rewireable fuse This
fuse is mainly designed for domestic wiring and small-scale usage Kit Kat Fuse is a semi-
enclosed fuse also considered as rewireable fuse designed mainly for the domestic wiring and
small-scale.

Fig. 5.12 Kit Kat Fuse

5.3.11 LUG:

Lug is a connection component that is used to connect the cable to the terminals of
electrical devices. It provides convenience to the operators in assembly, maintenance, and
repair processes. It has a round structure and flat contact surface. Generally, it is made from
high- quality pure electrolytic copper (sometimes aluminum) and it is lead-free electro tin
plated to prevent atmospheric corrosion.

FIG 5.13 LUG

28
 Chapter 6
Conclusion

Through this Industrial Internship at Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd, Dahod, I
gained a wide knowledge of industrial work, Different Equipment in the division store, line
maintenance, line inspection and survey, different types of wiring connection, laboratory
section, technical complaint solution etc. It has been a very good learning experience for me.
The knowledge of theoretical subject is not enough for any engineering stream. One
has to have the practical knowledge to remove the gap between the actual and expected
performance.
Training helped me to know and develop various technical and observing aspects. It
also gave me lot of knowledge about the any process, its equipment and operational phases.
The company provide me real observing environment not only in working in industry butalso
the practical knowledge for implantation into my strength and abilities. This induction has
given me a lot of exposure in the terms of references and procedures related to different
company.
With the immense cooperation of the Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd, Dahod not
only I grasp technical knowledge regarding all the industrial issues and operations but also
filled in the gap that always existed in real while studying a theoretical subject with the same
being put into practical use. With this I would really like to thank each and every personal I
have interacted in the industry and who have helped me so deep in clearing all the problems
that I faced throughout the Internship.

29
References

1. https://www.mgvcl.com/
2. https://geourja.com/
3. https://cea.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/a.pdf
4. https://ncert.nic.in/vocational/pdf/kvdl104.pdf

30