Week 6 Quiz Practice

1) A motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing, positive interactions is:
A) association anxiety. C) the need to belong.
B) the need for attachment. D) affiliative predisposition.

2) After learning about a former co-worker who recently passed away due to cancer, you call a loved one. In
the context of attraction and intimacy, this is an example of how reminders of death:
A) make us depressed. C) heighten our need to belong.
B) encourage solitude. D) cause social tension.

3) A research among 5,000 participants from dozens of countries found that when ostracized during a Web-
based game, players were _____ to conform to others’ wrong judgments on a subsequent perceptual task.
A) less likely C) not willing
B) more likely D) too hesitant

4) You are a regular contributor to an online chat room. One day, the other participants ignore every
comment you make. Research on cyberostracism suggests you will likely:
A) send rude and nasty comments to the chat room participants.
B) become more independent and less conforming to others than earlier.
C) lash out at your younger sibling once you finish your chat session.
D) experience stress and will be depressed.

5) Which of the following statements is true of the human need to belong?

A) Humans tend to be healthier and happier when their need to belong is met.
B) With close, intimate relationships, humans tend to be weakened.
C) Humans in very few cultures use ostracism to regulate behavior.
D) Humans pursue belonging when they have it and seek more when their needs are fulfilled.

6) Social ostracism evokes a brain response similar to that triggered by:

A) psychosis. C) feelings of love.
B) physical pain. D) panic attacks.

7) Functional distance refers to:

A) the natural geographic route between two locations.
B) how often people meet their loved ones.
C) how often people's paths cross.
D) the direction and route of travel one undertakes when deliberately seeking out a given person.

8) One factor that will increase the likelihood that a friendship between two people will develop is:
A) behavioral confirmation. C) avoiding repetitious exposure.
B) how often their paths cross. D) gender.

9) Research on proximity and social attraction generally supports the view that:
A) proximity merely breeds contempt.
B) proximity leads to liking.
C) proximity leads to affection and animosity with equal frequency.
D) distance makes the heart grow fonder.

10) Research suggests that randomly assigned college roommates who interact frequently:
A) will most likely become friends.
B) will likely be unhappy about the assignment and come to dislike each other.
C) are as likely to become enemies as they are to become friends.
D) will show initial attraction that will fade over time.

11) If you are new in office and want to make friends, your best bet is to get a desk:
A) that is smaller than that of anyone else. C) near the coffeepot.
B) in the quietest corner of the office. D) next to the air conditioner.

12) Samuel, a young college freshman, is new to the town where he will live for the next four years. He does
not know anyone at college. According to the architecture of friendship, who among the following will
Samuel most likely befriend?
A) Gavin, who is his new college roommate C) Mason, who stays two doors away
B) Gabriel, who attends a different college D) Anthony, who lives in a different dormitory

13) Darley and Berscheid (1967) gave university women ambiguous information about two other women.
Asked how much they liked these people, the participants reported feeling attracted to the person whom
they:
A) expected they would probably not meet. C) had read about first.
B) expected they would eventually meet. D) had read about second.

14) Anticipatory liking, expecting that someone will be pleasant and compatible, increases the chance of:
A) becoming involved in an inequitable relationship.
B) a dysfunctional, co-dependent relationship.
C) being exploited in the early stages of a relationship.
D) forming a rewarding relationship.

15) The tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more after repeated exposure to them is referred to as:
A) the mere exposure effect. C) display liking.
B) the novelty phenomenon. D) the effect of repetition.

16) The fact that people prefer letters appearing in their own names illustrates the:
A) belongingness effect. C) mere-exposure effect.
B) proximity effect. D) matching effect.

17) Zoe, a young girl, lives in an apartment with her boyfriend, Luke. She does not like jazz music. However,
Luke loves jazz and plays music loudly whenever he is home. Gradually, she develops an interest in jazz. Zoe
liking jazz is most likely due to ________ in this scenario.
A) the proximity effect C) the spotlight effect
B) the belongingness effect D) the mere-exposure effect

18) In an experiment by Zajonc and his colleagues, participants were exposed to brief novel passages of
music while they focused their attention on other tasks. Results indicated that mere exposure led to liking:
A) only when the exposed stimulus was task related.
B) only when people were consciously attending to the exposed stimulus.
C) even when people were unaware of what they had been exposed to.
D) unless background stimuli created a distraction and interfered with the processing of the task.

19) On the basis of his research on the mere-exposure effect, Robert Zajonc (1980) argued that our emotions
are often more ________ than our thinking.
A) sophisticated C) subtle
B) instantaneous D) complex

20) Even when people have no strong feelings about a product or a candidate, ________ alone can increase
sales or votes.
A) proximity C) repetition
B) perception D) appearance

21) You feel obligated to vote in the next election, especially, because you are usually the first one to
complain about the incumbent president. However, you did not have the time to research the positions taken
by the candidates. Social psychologists would confidently predict that you are likely to choose the candidate:
A) whom you find physically attractive. C) who resembles someone you know.
B) whose name you have heard most often. D) who resembles someone you like.

22) A stranger rides the same bus you do to school every day. According to the mere-exposure effect, as the
days pass, you are most likely to view the stranger:
A) merely as another student. C) critically.
B) unfavorably. D) favorably.

23) Implicit egotism is our tendency to:

A) like things that are liked by others. C) prefer attractive people.
B) make friends with people older than us. D) like what we associate with ourselves.

24) Which of the following is an example of implicit egotism?

A) People are less likely to marry someone whose first or last name resembles their own than those with
other names.
B) Virginia Beach has a disproportionate number of people named Virginia.
C) People want to name their children after family members.
D) People are less attracted to people whose arbitrary experimental code number resembles their birth
date than others.

25) Who among your friends is most likely to prefer a mate who is homely and warm over one who is
attractive and cold?
A) your teenage brother C) your best friend Carol
B) your middle-aged co-worker Ben D) your classmate Tom

26) In the context of attractiveness and dating, which of the following is true of the findings of a worldwide
BBC Internet survey of nearly 220,000 people?
A) Men more than women ranked attractiveness as important in a mate.
B) Men more than women assigned importance to honesty, humor, kindness, and dependability.
C) The husband's physical attractiveness predicted the wife's marital satisfaction.
D) Lesbian and straight women valued appearances more than gay or straight men did.

27) Hatfield and her colleagues (1966) matched University of Minnesota first-year students for a Welcome
Week dance. When the students were asked to evaluate their dates, what determined whether they liked
each other?
A) the similarity of values C) physical attractiveness
B) the similarity of academic competence D) common family background

28) The most responses to personal advertisements are likely to be received by ________.
A) Mark because he emphasizes his physical attractiveness
B) Bill because he emphasizes his income and education
C) David because he emphasizes his kind and sensitive nature
D) Tony because he emphasizes his athletic accomplishments

29) Rosalinda, who is attractive, intelligent, and high in social status, marries Jorge. He is also attractive,
intelligent, and has a high social status. Their relationship is best understood as an example of:
A) the ingratiation effect. C) the mere-exposure effect.
B) complementarity. D) the matching phenomenon.

30) Kevin, a young, vibrant, Michelin star chef, makes innovative dishes for his customers. His girlfriend,
Aubrey, is a successful pastry chef. He wishes to marry her as she has a similar outlook toward life as he does.
In the context of physical attractiveness, which of the following is most likely exhibited in this scenario by
Kevin and Aubrey?
A) the matching phenomenon C) complementarity
B) the mere-exposure effect D) the ingratiation effect

31) Timothy, a brilliant investment banker, makes millions each year. He marries a beautiful, young
supermodel. In the context of physical attractiveness, Timothy and his wife most likely exhibit ________ in
this scenario.
A) the mere-exposure effect C) the spotlight effect
B) the matching phenomenon D) the ingratiation effect

32) When people describe themselves in personal advertisements, women often offer ________ and seek
________.
A) companionship; attractiveness C) status; companionship
B) attractiveness; status D) commitment; excitement

33) Research has shown that other things being equal, we guess ________ people are happier, sexually
warmer, more outgoing, and more successful than others.
A) friendly C) intelligent
B) beautiful D) funny

34) Which of the following best expresses the meaning of the physical-attractiveness stereotype?
A) What is beautiful is good. C) What is beautiful is superficial.
B) What is beautiful is unpredictable. D) What is beautiful is untouchable.
35) Kylie, a young professional, is in love with her colleague, Josh who is a handsome and athletic man. She
assumes that he possesses other socially desirable characters, too. Kylie most likely exemplifies ________ in
this scenario.
A) an anxious attachment style C) a physical-attractiveness stereotype
B) the overjustification effect D) an illusion of transparency

36) Benjamin, a young doctor, marries a pretty girl. He assumes that she would also be very kind. Gradually,
he realizes that she does not possess other socially desirable traits. Which of the following does Benjamin
most likely possess in this scenario?
A) pluralistic ignorance C) the overjustification effect
B) a physical-attractiveness stereotype D) an illusion of transparency

37) Kalick (1977) had Harvard students rate their impressions of eight women based on profile photographs
taken before or after cosmetic surgery and found that:
A) pre-surgery women were judged to be more genuine, honest, and appealing.
B) post-surgery women were judged to be kinder and more likable.
C) pre-surgery women were judged to be more intelligent and competent.
D) post-surgery women were judged to be more independent and insensitive.

38) In the context of the physical-attractiveness stereotype, which of the following is true of first
impressions?
A) Attractiveness better predicts happiness and social connections for those in rural rather than urban
settings.
B) The attractiveness effect is weakest when people's choices are superficially made.
C) They suggest that physical appearance always outranks other human qualities.
D) They have become more important than before as societies have become increasingly mobile and
urbanized.

39) Ruth is quite attractive (a 4 on a 5-point scale), but Naomi is strikingly attractive (a 5 on a 5-point scale).
Research suggests that if Ruth earns $35,000 a year, Naomi will probably make ________ doing the same job.
A) slightly less money C) more money
B) the same amount D) significantly less money

40) According to Langlois et al., which of the following is true of physically attractive people when compared
with other people?
A) They tend to be more popular. C) They tend to be less outgoing.
B) They tend to be more humorous. D) They tend to be less gender-typed.

41) Which of the following is true of the research that digitized multiple faces and averaged them using a
computer?
A) Averaged faces and bodies tend to be perfectly symmetrical, a characteristic of attractive people.
B) People find the composite faces less appealing than almost all the actual faces.
C) An average leg-length-to-body ratio looks less attractive than very short or long legs.
D) Averaged looks least embody prototypes and thus are difficult for the brain to process and categorize.

42) Psychologists working from the evolutionary perspective explain the human preference for attractive
partners in terms of:
A) high energy. C) reproductive capacity.
B) social acceptance. D) maturity and dominance.
43) Kenrick and his colleagues (1989) found that compared with men who have recently been gazing at
centerfolds, average women or even their own wives seem ________.
A) more passionate C) less attractive
B) extremely beautiful D) very feminine

44) In the context of physical-attractiveness stereotypes, which of the following is true of those who people
are in love with?
A) The more in love a woman is with a man, the more physically attractive she finds him.
B) The more in love people are, the more attractive they find all others of the opposite sex.
C) The more similar someone's attitudes are to a person's, the less he or she likes the other person.
D) If dissimilar attitudes pertain to one's strong moral convictions, a person likes them all the more.

45) Jen is more in love with Stan today than the day she married him. According to research on the
relationship between love and perceived attractiveness, ________.
A) Jen probably finds Stan to be more attractive today than the day she married him
B) Jen probably finds Stan to be less attractive today than the day she married him
C) Stan probably finds Jen less attractive today than the day he married her
D) Stan and Jen probably see each other as equally attractive

46) At a party, Ellie meets Rob and Blake. The three get involved in a philosophical discussion that lasts
through the evening. By the end of the evening, Ellie discovers that Blake and she share the same viewpoints,
whereas Rob and she see things differently. All else being equal, Ellie will probably like:
A) Rob better. C) Rob and Blake equally.
B) Blake better. D) neither Rob nor Blake.

47) Spouses are more likely than randomly paired people to share common attitudes, beliefs, and values. The
________ the similarity, the ________ they are.
A) greater; happier C) lesser; healthier
B) greater; healthier D) lesser; happier

48) In a study of whether or not mimicry increases rapport, Rick van Baaren and his colleagues (2003) found
that restaurant servers earned high tips if they:
A) agreed with their customers.
B) possessed similar degrees of physical attractiveness.
C) had common interests.
D) repeated customers' orders.

49) The relationship between mimicry and rapport is:

A) positive. C) neutral.
B) negative. D) curvilinear.

50) In the context of similarity versus complementarity, according to research conclusions drawn by Singh
and his colleagues (2000), which of the following is true?
A) Dissimilar attitudes depress liking more than similar attitudes enhance liking.
B) Similar attitudes depress liking more than dissimilar attitudes enhance liking.
C) Dissimilar and similar attitudes are equally powerful.
D) Attitudes have little effect on liking.

51) Brent is a White man and has been given a choice to work with Darwin or Ken. Darwin is a Black man
who shares many of Brent’s values and attitudes, and Ken is a White man who shares little in common with
Brent. With whom is Brent more likely to work?
A) Darwin
B) Ken
C) All else being equal, his liking will be equally high for both Darwin and Ken.
D) Brent will probably choose to work alone.

52) The popularly supposed tendency, in a relationship between two people, for each to complete what is
missing in the other is called ________.
A) accentuation C) complementarity
B) equivalency D) reciprocity

53) In the context of anticipation of interaction, which of the following is true of mere exposure?
A) The mere-exposure effect violates the commonsense prediction of boredom regarding repeatedly
heard music or tasted foods.
B) Familiarity never breeds contempt.
C) When people read stories about transgender individuals accompanied by pictures, they become more
afraid of transgender people than they were.
D) Attitudes toward social groups cannot be changed by mere exposure.

54) Mary, a talkative, extroverted young woman, is strongly attracted to Shane, a quiet, introverted, middle-
aged man. Mary’s attraction to Shane would be predicted by:
A) the exchange theory. C) ingratiation.
B) the matching phenomenon. D) complementarity.

55) Scarlett, a middle-aged woman, panics when she is in a critical situation, whereas her partner, Hannah,
has a positive outlook. Hannah is calm, and she consoles and encourages Scarlett whenever they face a
problem. In the context of attraction, Hannah and Scarlett exhibit ________ in this scenario.
A) altruism C) deindividuation
B) complementarity D) ingratiation

56) Jordan and Hailey, a middle-aged couple, have been married for seven years. Hailey likes to spend money
on luxurious and expensive items, and she likes to dine out every other day. On the other hand, Jordan likes
to save money for their future. In the context of attraction, which of the following is exhibited by Jordan and
Hailey in this scenario?
A) deindividuation C) complementarity
B) ingratiation D) altruism

57) The use of strategies, such as flattery, by which people seek to gain another’s favor is known as
________.
A) social elicitation C) social penetration
B) deindividuation D) ingratiation
58) David, a junior-level officer in a company, is hoping for a promotion this year. He understands that only
his reporting manager can recommend him for the promotion. Hence, David starts to flatter his manager and
praise his efficient operational methods. In the context of attraction, David is most likely exhibiting ________
in this scenario.
A) social penetration C) ingratiation
B) deindividuation D) complementarity

59) In the context of similarity, which of the following is true of people who like another person?
A) Liking is explicit when it is one-sided.
B) Proximity influences initial attraction.
C) Similarity influences short-term attraction.
D) Attractiveness does not influence initial attraction.

60) “Negative information carries more weight because, being less usual, it grabs more attention.” This
statement is an example of the:
A) good is stronger than bad principle. C) bad is stronger than good principle.
B) cognitive miser principle. D) equity principle.

61) Baumeister and others (2001) sum up their research by noting that in everyday life, ________ events
have stronger and more lasting consequences than comparable ________ events.
A) good; bad C) fun; sad
B) bad; good D) sad; fun

62) According to Aronson’s view, which of the following is true of attribution?

A) Constant approval improves the value of a relationship.
B) An open, honest relationship is less likely to offer continuing rewards than one dulled by the suppression
of unpleasant emotions.
C) A loved one whom a person has doted on is easy to reward but hard to hurt.
D) As a relationship ripens toward greater intimacy, what becomes increasingly important is authenticity.

63) We like people whose behavior is gratifying to us or whom we associate with gratifying events. This fact is
consistent with the ________ theory of attraction.
A) cognitive dissonance C) two-factor
B) reward D) James–Lange

64) Which of the following theories states that people like those whose behavior is rewarding to them or
whom they associate with rewarding events?
A) the mere exposure theory C) the triangular theory of love
B) the reward management theory D) the reward theory of attraction

65) Natalie, a student, likes her classmate, Wyatt who always helps her with her assignments and projects.
She likes him more than anyone in her class as she can rely on him on any given day to get her work done.
Which of the following theories explains Natalie’s liking in this scenario?
A) the contact theory C) the equity theory
B) the reward theory of attraction D) the triangular theory of love
66) Which theory provides the best explanation for the effects of proximity, similarity, and attractiveness on
liking?
A) the triangle theory C) the disclosure theory
B) the reward theory D) the attachment theory

67) In the context of components of love, which of the following types of love preoccupies the lover with
thoughts of the other, involving the same reward pathways in the brain as addictions to substances?
A) empty love C) platonic love
B) passionate love D) physical arousal

68) Amanda, a young girl, is in love with an army officer who is deployed to Iraq. She always longs for him
and is elated whenever he meets her. She feels miserable when he is away. Identify the kind of love that
Amanda has for her boyfriend in this scenario.
A) platonic love C) empty love
B) companionate love D) passionate love

69) Jayce and Cameron, a same-sex couple, have been living together for eight years. They have a deep,
affectionate attachment and are committed to each other. They perceive themselves receiving from their
relationship in proportion to their contribution to it. Which of the following kinds of love is exemplified by
Jayce and Cameron in this scenario?
A) romantic love C) empty love
B) companionate love D) fatuous love

70) Psychologist Robert Sternberg (1998) views love as a triangle consisting of all of the following
components EXCEPT:
A) attachment. C) commitment.
B) passion. D) intimacy.

71) In Rubin’s research, “strong-love” couples differed from “weak-love” couples in that they:
A) talked more to each other. C) smiled less at each other.
B) gazed more into each other's eyes. D) displayed more jealousy.

72) Hatfield defines ________ as a state of intense longing for union with another.
A) attraction anxiety C) passionate love
B) commitment D) intimate attraction

73) According to the two-factor theory of emotion, being aroused by ________ should intensify passionate
feelings.
A) pornography on video or in magazines C) any source
B) sight and smell D) exercise

74) Which of the following theories suggests that being aroused by any source should intensify passionate
feelings—provided that the mind is free to attribute some of the arousals to a romantic stimulus?
A) the triangular theory of love C) the mere exposure theory
B) the two-factor theory of emotion D) the reward theory of attraction

75) Research on the two-factor theory of emotion supports which of the following conclusions?
A) Absence makes the heart grow fonder. C) Birds of a feather flock together.
B) Arousal requires emotion. D) Adrenaline makes the heart grow fonder.

76) In comparison to women, men fall in love more ________ and out of love more ________.
A) readily; readily C) readily; slowly
B) slowly; slowly D) slowly; readily

77) The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwined is called:
A) companionate love. C) secure attachment.
B) romantic love. D) committed friendship.

78) In the context of different attachment styles, which of the following is true of individuals with a secure
attachment?
A) Securely attached adults tend to be less invested in relationships and more likely to leave them than
others are.
B) Securely attached adults fret about getting too dependent or being abandoned.
C) Relationships of securely attached adults tend to be satisfying and enduring.
D) As lovers, securely attached adults enjoy sexuality within the context of an insecure relationship.

79) Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother. When she leaves, he
gets distressed. When she returns, he runs to her and hugs her close. After this intense reunion, he returns to
playing. Joshua demonstrates the characteristics of ________ attachment.
A) secure C) avoidant
B) insecure D) anxious

80) In the context of different attachment styles, which of the following is true of individuals with an avoidant
attachment?
A) They are less trusting, more fearful of a partner's becoming interested in someone else than others are.
B) They enjoy sexuality within the context of a secure, committed relationship as lovers.
C) They are less likely to be sexually unfaithful to their partners in both straight and gay relationships than
other adults are.
D) They are more fearful to engage in uncommitted hookups than other adults are.

81) In terms of adult attachment styles, individuals with ________ attachment seem to be possessive and
jealous, while individuals with ________ attachment are less invested in relationships and more likely to
leave them.
A) secure; insecure C) avoidant; preoccupied
B) anxious; avoidant D) insecure; apathetic

82) When benefits are proportional to contributions in a relationship, ________.

A) acceptance exists C) equity exists
B) mutuality exists D) companionate love exists

83) Henry and Ellie, two middle-aged adults, have been married for two years. Both of them work. They
share their household chores; on Sundays, they both cook and eat together. They do their laundry together
and thus, get to spend time with each other while doing unexciting chores. Which of the following is most
likely exhibited by Henry and Ellie in this scenario?
A) complementarity C) reciprocity
B) loyalty D) equity
84) Melanie believes that her boyfriend enjoys more benefits from their relationship than she does, even
though she invests more time, effort, and resources. Clearly, Melanie believes that her relationship with her
boyfriend lacks:
A) equity. C) disclosure reciprocity.
B) attachment. D) loyalty

85) Those involved in relationships marked by long-term equity:

A) depend on tit-for-tat exchanges.
B) are unconcerned with short-term equity.
C) make sure they reciprocate favors as soon as possible.
D) give more than they get.

86) In experiments with University of Maryland students, Clark and Mills found that tit-for-tat exchanges
________ people’s liking for each other when ________.
A) diminished; their relationship was relatively formal
B) diminished; they sought true friendship
C) boosted; they sought true friendship
D) had no effect on; they sought true friendship

87) Schafer and Keith (1980) surveyed several hundred married couples of all ages and found that spouses
who perceived inequity in their marriage felt more:
A) distressed and depressed. C) altruistic satisfaction.
B) hostility. D) motivated to work on the marriage.

88) Self-disclosure involves:

A) protecting oneself by closing off part of oneself from others.
B) stopping oneself from getting involved in an intimate relationship.
C) revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.
D) closing down emotionally.

89) The tendency for one person’s intimacy of revealing his or her true self to match that of a conversational
partner is referred to as:
A) the matching phenomenon. C) reciprocal exchange.
B) disclosure reciprocity. D) mutual self-revelation.

90) Bill and Susie’s relationship becomes progressively more intimate than it was as they engage in self-
revelation and tend to be open with each other in expressing their feelings. Their relationship is marked by
the ________ effect.
A) disclosure reciprocity C) reciprocal disinhibition
B) mutual disinhibition D) reciprocal intimacy

91) Christian, a doctor, brings gifts and surprises for his partner, Mila. Both Christian and Mila share their
happiness as well as concerns with each other. They do not have any secrets from each other and are loyal
partners. Which of the following is most likely exhibited by Christian and Mila in this scenario?
A) pluralistic ignorance C) disclosure reciprocity
B) integrative agreement D) motivated reasoning
92) Research indicates that friendships and romantic relationships that form on the Internet are more likely
than in-person relationships to:
A) end abruptly. C) go nowhere.
B) last at least two years. D) be false.

93) Individualistic cultures have ________.

A) higher divorce rates than communal cultures do
B) slightly lower divorce rates than communal cultures do
C) the same divorce rates as communal cultures do
D) significantly lower divorce rates than communal cultures do

94) In the context of marital dissolution and detachment, which of the following characteristics is true of
people who usually stay married?
A) They marry before they attain the age of 20.
B) They are well and similarly educated.
C) They cohabit or become pregnant before marriage.
D) They live in big cities and cosmopolitan areas.

95) When volunteers in a research experiment spent time with strangers in self-disclosing conversations, they
felt:
A) uncomfortable with their partners. C) relaxed with their partners.
B) self-conscious with their partners. D) remarkably close to their conversation partners.

96) One national survey found that 86 percent of those who were unhappily married, but who stayed with
the marriage, were when reinterviewed five years later:
A) mostly "very" or "quite" happy. C) resigned to the situation.
B) mostly "very" unhappy. D) preparing to divorce.

97) Every year, Canada and the United States record ________ divorce(s) for every ________ marriage(s).
A) 1; 2 C) 3; 1
B) 2; 1 D) 2; 2

98) According to John Gottman’s study (1994, 1998, 2005) of 2,000 couples, which of the following is true of
healthy marriages?
A) They are necessarily devoid of conflict.
B) In healthy marriages, an ability to reconcile differences is significant.
C) They have the ability to overbalance affection with criticism.
D) In healthy marriages, negative interactions outnumber positive ones.

99) When unacquainted male-female pairs gazed intently for 2 minutes into each other’s eyes for a research
project, what was the result?
A) They felt embarrassed. C) They felt attraction and affection.
B) They felt hostility toward each other. D) They felt nothing.
100) According to Rusbult and her colleagues, which of the following ways is used to cope with a failing
relationship?
A) avoiding waiting for conditions to improve and not discussing problems
B) arguing with the partner and saying what one feels without hiding or concealing it
C) ignoring the partner, thus allowing the relationship to deteriorate
D) denying that there is a problem in the relationship
101) In National Opinion Research Center surveys of 57,731 Americans since 1972, which group mostly
reported their lives as being “very happy”?
A) those who never married C) those who were divorced
B) those who were married D) those who were separated

102) When persons are ostracized (rejected or excluded by others), they tend to experience all of the
following EXCEPT:
A) feel deflated and stressed. C) engage in a self-defeating behavior.
B) be depressed and anxious. D) feel independent and liberated.

103) In the context of likeness begets liking, studies indicate that:

A) absence makes the heart grow fonder. C) similarity breeds content.
B) opposites attract. D) familiarity breeds contempt.

104) Which statement related to attraction and liking is true?

A) Most people are attracted to people who express liking for them.
B) In general, people like those who are dissimilar to them.
C) Attraction is not influenced by irrelevant factors, such as physical attractiveness.
D) Attraction depends, primarily, on finding someone who possesses values that balance your values.

105) In the context of passionate love, which of the following is an aspect of love in Sternberg’s theory of love?
A) complimenting C) warmth
B) touching D) commitment

106) In the context of attachment styles, which of the following is true of individuals with an anxious attachment?
A) They enjoy sexuality within the context of a secure, committed relationship.
B) They are less trusting and more fearful of a partner's becoming interested in someone else.
C) They use the underlying trust to sustain relationships through times of conflict.
D) They find it easy to get close to others and don't fret about getting too dependent or being abandoned.

107) Which of the following statements is true of physical attractiveness?

A) Physical attractiveness is more important to men than it is to women when seeking an opposite-sex
dating partner.
B) Physical attractiveness is more important to women than it is to men when seeking an opposite-sex
dating partner.
C) Whether men value physical attractiveness more than women is debated.
D) The overall importance of physical attractiveness in dating is quite less.

108) In the context of what-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype, small average differences between attractive and
unattractive people probably result from:
A) the mere-exposure effect. C) self-fulfilling prophecies.
B) the matching phenomenon. D) implicit egotism.
109) Generally speaking, to be really attractive is to be:
A) very thin. C) perfectly average.
B) very muscular. D) very blonde.

110) According to evolutionary psychologists, men prefer women whose waists are 30 percent narrower than
their hips because:
A) it accentuates the genetics associated with any possible offspring.
B) it accentuates the types of home where they were raised and, thereby, the types of mother they will
become.
C) it indicates peak sexual fertility.
D) it indicates emotional well-being.

111) According to Schachter and Singer’s (1962) two-factor theory of emotion, where should you take a
person you really like on a first date?
A) a romantic-comedy movie C) a restaurant for a candlelit dinner
B) an amusement park D) your favorite fast food restaurant

112) Attachment marked by possessiveness and jealousy is called:

A) secure attachment. C) avoidant attachment.
B) dismissive attachment. D) anxious attachment.

113) Which of the following statements is true of perceived equity and satisfaction?
A) People in equitable relationships report greater satisfaction than do people in inequitable relationships.
B) People who perceive their relationship as inequitable feel comfort and are typically content.
C) People who perceive themselves as receiving too much are content with their relationships.
D) The person who is "overbenefited" in a relationship is more sensitive to the inequality than the
person who is "underbenefited."

114) Which of these is NOT one of Rusbult and colleagues’ (1986, 1987, 1998) three ways of coping with a
failing relationship?
A) loyalty C) voice
B) neglect D) action

115) Amber just moved to a new town and is eager to make friends. When given the choice, she should
select an apartment:
A) at the back of the complex. C) near the mailboxes.
B) that is an end unit. D) away from the main office.

116) Wendy gets a new job. Although she has not met the person she will report to, she expects that
relationship to be pleasant and their personalities to be compatible. This is an example of:
A) anticipatory liking. C) the contrast effect.
B) functional distance. D) the matching phenomenon.

117) When looking for dating partners, we generally choose people who are:
A) better looking than we are. C) about as attractive as we are.
B) less attractive than we are. D) opposite to our actual types.

118) April’s father reads her a story where the heroine is beautiful and the villain is hideous. April’s father
may unwittingly help April develop the:
A) contrast effect. C) mere-exposure prejudice.
B) physical-attractiveness stereotype. D) matching phenomenon.

119) Melissa wishes to ask her roommate, Kelly, to drop her at the airport. Before asking, Melissa tells Kelly
that she looks pretty, her apartment is beautiful, and she is humorous. This scenario illustrates ________.
A) ingratiation C) complementarity
B) self-disclosure D) authenticity

120) Which of the following theories explain why romantic vacations, good dinners, and fun outings are
always important in relationships?
A) self-presentation theory C) the two-factor theory of emotion
B) the reward theory of attraction D) evolutionary theory

121) According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is a characteristic of “growth-promoting” listeners?
A) They maintain neutral facial expressions during conversations.
B) They usually do not reveal very much of themselves.
C) They help their conversation partners to be better listeners than they themselves are.
D) They appear to be comfortably enjoying themselves during conversations.

122) In a delightful experiment, researchers showed women pictures of themselves and their mirror images
and asked which picture they liked better. Which pictures were women most likely to select?
A) pictures of themselves in profile
B) pictures of themselves with other attractive women
C) pictures of their mirror image
D) pictures of themselves with other attractive men

123) When asked to judge, based on looks alone, the winners of U.S. Senate and House of Representatives
elections, participants correctly guessed the winners. Participants believed that voters preferred ________
candidates.
A) attractive C) homely
B) competent-looking D) baby-faced

124) Which of the following is true of the research on physical attractiveness?

A) Three-month-old infants do not differentiate between attractive and unattractive faces.
B) Teachers perceive attractive children as more intelligent than other children.
C) Teachers show more warmth and tact when disciplining unattractive children.
D) People perceive physically attractive people to be more honest than less-attractive people.

125) All things being equal, when compared to others, people typically assume beautiful people are:
A) more intelligent. C) more outgoing.
B) happier. D) All of the answers are correct.

126) Phyllis is a brunette with long hair. According to the observations of Mackinnon et al. (2011), when
Phyllis enters a room of strangers, she is most likely to sit closer to:
A) Jan, because she has short brown hair.
B) Julia, because she has short blonde hair.
C) Sabrina, because she has long blonde hair.
D) Sally, because she has long brown hair.

127) All of the following elements are common to all loving relationships EXCEPT:
A) mutual understanding. C) physical affection.
B) giving support. D) enjoying the loved one's company.

128) Which of the following statements is true of companionate love in cultures worldwide?
A) In India, people who marry for love report more feelings for love after 5 years than those in arranged
marriages.
B) Compared with North Americans, Asians focus less on personal feelings and more on practical aspects
of social attachments.
C) Asians are more prone to the self-focused individualism that in the long run can undermine a
relationship and lead to divorce.
D) Asians report a steady decrease in feelings of passionate love for the other partner after 20 years of
marriage.

129) Which of the following statements is true of self-disclosure?

A) People feel guilty on days when they have disclosed something significant about themselves.
B) Intimate self-disclosure is often instant.
C) Rising intimacy creates a weak sense of passion.
D) Women are typically better at eliciting intimate disclosures from others.